Evidence-based effects and studies
Detailed analysis of research findings
Children with acute gastroenteritis received dietary advice, probiotics, zinc, or probiotics+zinc; the probiotic+zinc group recovered from diarrhea faster.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in infants 1–6 months showing no benefit of zinc on diarrhea duration or stool volume.
In children treated for acute diarrhea, 5 days of zinc was as effective as 10 days at preventing subsequent diarrhea over 3 months.
Zinc did not reduce duration or severity of acute diarrhea in young infants.
In hospitalized children 5–12 years with acute dehydrating diarrhea, 40 mg/day zinc for 14 days did not shorten diarrhea duration or significantly change rehydration, hospitalization time, or recurrence.
Zinc supplementation (alone or with other micronutrients) given with rehydration significantly reduced duration and volume of diarrhea in young children compared with placebo.
Large multicenter RCT in children with acute diarrhea found that lower zinc doses (5 or 10 mg) were non-inferior to 20 mg for diarrhea outcomes and caused less vomiting.
Large multicenter RCT in children with acute diarrhea found that lower zinc doses (5 or 10 mg) were non-inferior to 20 mg for diarrhea outcomes and caused less vomiting.
Large multicenter RCT in children with acute diarrhea found that lower zinc doses (5 or 10 mg) were non-inferior to 20 mg for diarrhea outcomes and caused less vomiting.
One-year calcium supplementation in lactating Gambian women did not change urinary magnesium excretion or iron/zinc blood markers.
16 weeks of zinc (45 or 90 mg/day) increased circulating zinc and was associated with modest reductions in inflammatory biomarkers in ART-treated people living with HIV.
Large multicenter RCT in children with acute diarrhea found that lower zinc doses (5 or 10 mg) were non-inferior to 20 mg for diarrhea outcomes and caused less vomiting.
In young Burkinabe children, daily preventive zinc raised plasma zinc and supplemented groups had modestly lower reported diarrhea and fever but slightly less linear growth over 16 weeks.
Daily zinc (3–10 mg) for 6 months raised plasma zinc in a dose-dependent manner and reduced diarrhea incidence by ~21–42% without adverse effects on copper or iron markers.
In 9–17 month-old children, daily 6 mg zinc as a liquid supplement for 15 days raised plasma zinc concentration, whereas an equivalent amount provided via zinc-fortified porridge did not.
Four weeks of daily zinc (9 mg) in 9–11 y girls raised blood zinc and a bone formation marker.
Both iron alone and iron+zinc sachets treated anemia, but adding zinc lowered anemia recovery rate and did not improve zinc status or growth.
In men adopting cholesterol-lowering, high-fiber diets, zinc intake density and plasma zinc levels were maintained over 12–24 months; no adverse effect on zinc status was observed.
In obese adolescents on low-energy diets, plasma zinc did not change over 12 weeks; plasma zinc correlated modestly with zinc intake and protein intake, and phytate:zinc ratio indicated lower zinc bioavailability with high-carb diet.
Daily preventive zinc (7–10 mg/day) raised plasma zinc and (exploratorily) nail zinc but did not change hair zinc in young Laotian children after ~9 months.
Four weeks of lipid-based nutritional supplement improved energy intake, weight and iron status in moderately malnourished children but did not change zinc levels.
100 mg/day elemental zinc for 3 months raised plasma zinc but did not improve nutritional status measures in CAPD patients.
In this 6-week pilot RCT adding zinc (10 mg/day) to methylphenidate, plasma zinc decline was smaller with supplementation and teachers noted a non-significant improvement in ADHD scores.
In children 6–23 months, short-term daily zinc (5 mg) as dispersible tablet or solution similarly increased plasma zinc concentration compared with placebo.
20 mg zinc daily for 2 months had no effect on iron absorption or iron status in non‑anemic Chilean women.
Daily zinc increased plasma zinc and reduced pneumonia incidence in young children but did not change overall acute lower respiratory tract infection rates.
Children with persistent diarrhea received zinc (20 mg) +/- other micronutrients or placebo for 2 weeks; zinc raised plasma zinc and shortened diarrheal duration in some groups.
Adding zinc to standard malaria treatment raised blood zinc but did not improve fever reduction, parasite clearance, or hemoglobin.
In the BLISS trial, infants following a modified baby-led weaning approach had similar zinc intakes at 7 and 12 months and similar plasma zinc at 12 months compared with spoon-fed controls.
Daily consumption of low-dose, highly bioavailable zinc-fortified filtered water increased children's blood zinc and reduced zinc deficiency but did not change diarrhea or growth.
Daily zinc supplementation did not reduce malaria episodes but increased plasma zinc and markedly reduced zinc deficiency.
Daily fortified milk for 27 days increased dietary zinc intake and blood zinc in adolescent girls.
Zinc (70 mg/day elemental) prevented worsening of fatigue and preserved quality of life during early chemotherapy after colorectal cancer surgery; plasma zinc rose.
In obese adults randomized to L-arginine vs placebo, arginine increased serum zinc and improved insulin sensitivity; changes in zinc strongly correlated with increases in insulin sensitivity.
Zinc raised plasma zinc, improved organ-failure and outcome scores, reduced inflammation, and shortened hospital stay in severe head trauma patients.
Non-anemic infants received iron+cu with or without 10 mg zinc daily from 6–18 months; blood and urine minerals tracked at multiple timepoints.
Double-masked, placebo-controlled 100-day trial in 100 anemic schoolchildren comparing a multi‑fortified juice (including zinc) vs non‑fortified juice; supervised administration and deworming were done.
Study measuring plasma zinc in children with celiac disease before and after 4 weeks on a gluten-free diet (GFD); zinc‑deficient patients were randomized to GFD ± 4 weeks zinc supplementation.
Adding a 25 mg/day zinc supplement during pregnancy increased plasma zinc among women with higher total zinc intake; erythrocyte zinc tracked with habitual dietary intake.
Feeding preterm infants a nutrient-enriched formula normalized plasma zinc by 2 months past term without disrupting overall mineral homeostasis.
Daily cashew consumption for 12 weeks in adolescents with obesity reduced plasma copper and increased erythrocyte SOD activity; plasma zinc increased across both groups (likely influenced by counseling).
Twelve weeks of zinc carnosine in older adults with low zinc increased plasma zinc modestly and reduced multiple markers of DNA damage while increasing expression of MT1A and ZIP1.
Short-term zinc supplementation (10 or 20 mg/d) raised fasting plasma zinc within 5 days; levels fell after stopping and returned to placebo within ~2 weeks.
After RYGBP surgery zinc absorption and several zinc status markers declined despite higher supplemental zinc intakes; absorption dropped sharply at 6 months.
17-day randomized placebo-controlled trial: 20 mg/day zinc reduced blood cell DNA strand breaks (comet assay) despite no significant change in plasma zinc.
In a 10-week trial in Chinese schoolchildren, zinc plus other micronutrients improved neuropsychologic performance and growth more than zinc or micronutrients alone; plasma zinc rose after micronutrient treatments.
In SICU patients requiring PN, parenteral nutrition significantly increased plasma zinc levels over 7 days; glutamine-supplemented PN improved glutathione but zinc rose with PN regardless of glutamine.
Over 2 years on a cholesterol-lowering diet, plasma zinc indicators were not adversely affected overall (no change in women; slight increase in men).
In 20 treated postmenopausal women with NIDDM, 3 weeks of zinc raised plasma zinc and doubled 5'-nucleotidase activity; IGF-I rose in those with low baseline, and lipoprotein oxidation was unchanged.
Pilot randomized trial of clioquinol (a metal-protein-attenuating compound) in Alzheimer patients: treatment was associated with reduced plasma Abeta42, raised plasma zinc, and less cognitive worsening in a more severely affected subgroup.
In healthy adult men, consuming zinc-biofortified wheat (+1.6 mg Zn/day) did not change plasma zinc but altered zinc-sensitive fatty-acid desaturase activities (FADS2 up, FADS1 down); antioxidant and DNA damage markers unchanged.
Pregnant women taking iron-containing prenatal supplements had much lower fractional zinc absorption and lower plasma zinc than unsupplemented controls; adding zinc to prenatal supplements reduced this adverse effect.
In a 4-week randomized trial, liquid zinc supplement (15 mg ZnSO4) raised plasma zinc by ~0.72 μmol/L at day 15 and showed an overall increase across time, whereas zinc-fortified bread did not.
A 14-day zinc course given during pneumonia raised plasma zinc short-term but did not reduce subsequent pneumonia or diarrhea over 6 months.
In malnourished TB patients, daily zinc (15 mg) alone or with vitamin A did not speed sputum smear conversion compared with placebo; plasma zinc rose but no clinical benefit observed.
Study in pregnant adolescents showing zinc supplementation prevented decline in plasma zinc and enhanced folic acid response when given together.
In pregnant women, an MMN supplement containing 15 mg zinc produced maternal plasma zinc concentrations similar to standard iron–folic acid regimens at week 30; MMN increased vitamin B12 but did not change zinc vs controls.
Four months of 10 mg/day zinc in infants raised plasma zinc but did not change plasma copper or hematological markers of copper status.
Higher-iron formula showed lower plasma zinc and copper at 12 months (trend) but no cognitive benefit; zinc was measured as a secondary outcome.
Fortified biscuits (including iodine) increased iodine and other micronutrient status and reduced anemia in primary schoolchildren and improved deworming effectiveness.
Introducing pureed beef as first complementary food increased zinc intake and was associated with greater head growth; blood zinc did not differ between groups.
In young Laotian children, daily preventive zinc (and some zinc regimens) increased anti-E. coli IgG levels, and preventive zinc improved antibody avidity in zinc-deficient children.
48 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes received zinc (40 mg/day) ± ALA or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc raised plasma zinc but did not change inflammatory marker concentrations.
Daily zinc for 4 months raised plasma zinc and reduced diarrhea and pneumonia but did not change weight or length gains in young children.
Adolescent girls receiving zinc (tablet or zinc-rich snacks) for 10 weeks had larger increases in plasma zinc, better memory and reasoning score gains, faster reaction times, and improved salt taste sensitivity versus control.
One year of zinc (45 mg/day) reduced infections and some inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in older adults.
Randomized trial in adults with COVID-19 found oral zinc reduced the combined outcome of death or ICU admission and shortened hospital stay and symptom duration.
Randomized trial in adults with COVID-19 found oral zinc reduced the combined outcome of death or ICU admission and shortened hospital stay and symptom duration.
Randomized trial in adults with COVID-19 found oral zinc reduced the combined outcome of death or ICU admission and shortened hospital stay and symptom duration.
In infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis, one week of vitamin D (plus routine care) did not produce significant improvements in respiratory outcomes or hospital stay compared with control.
Randomized trial in adults with COVID-19 found oral zinc reduced the combined outcome of death or ICU admission and shortened hospital stay and symptom duration.
Randomized trial in adults with COVID-19 found oral zinc reduced the combined outcome of death or ICU admission and shortened hospital stay and symptom duration.
Term neonates receiving oral zinc (5 mg/day) plus phototherapy had larger and faster reductions in serum bilirubin and required shorter phototherapy than placebo.
Term neonates receiving oral zinc (5 mg/day) plus phototherapy had larger and faster reductions in serum bilirubin and required shorter phototherapy than placebo.
Term neonates receiving oral zinc (5 mg/day) plus phototherapy had larger and faster reductions in serum bilirubin and required shorter phototherapy than placebo.
Large randomized trial of combined folic acid plus zinc in men undergoing infertility treatment showed no improvement in live birth or most semen parameters and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and GI side effects.
Large randomized trial of combined folic acid plus zinc in men undergoing infertility treatment showed no improvement in live birth or most semen parameters and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and GI side effects.
Large randomized trial of combined folic acid plus zinc in men undergoing infertility treatment showed no improvement in live birth or most semen parameters and an increase in sperm DNA fragmentation and GI side effects.
Small randomized double-blind trial in head and neck cancer patients found zinc mouthwash reduced radiation-induced oral mucositis severity and pain compared with placebo.
Small randomized double-blind trial in head and neck cancer patients found zinc mouthwash reduced radiation-induced oral mucositis severity and pain compared with placebo.
Open-label RCT in preterm neonates found zinc supplementation until 3 months corrected age improved alertness/attention and reduced signs of hyper-excitability and abnormal reflexes.
Open-label RCT in preterm neonates found zinc supplementation until 3 months corrected age improved alertness/attention and reduced signs of hyper-excitability and abnormal reflexes.
Open-label RCT in preterm neonates found zinc supplementation until 3 months corrected age improved alertness/attention and reduced signs of hyper-excitability and abnormal reflexes.
50 patients with genital warts received cryotherapy plus oral zinc or placebo for 2 months; zinc provided no added benefit but caused more stomach side effects.
Randomized study in healthy adults showing that several oral zinc regimens halved hepatic copper uptake by PET/CT; adverse GI effects were common and varied by zinc salt and dosing.
50 patients with genital warts received cryotherapy plus oral zinc or placebo for 2 months; zinc provided no added benefit but caused more stomach side effects.
In type 2 diabetic patients, combined mineral (Mg+Zn) plus vitamins C+E increased HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 over 3 months; Mg+Zn alone showed no significant changes.
Children with NASH took zinc for 16 weeks and had lower liver enzyme and inflammation and higher HDL, but no change in liver fat on ultrasound.
Three months of combined myo-inositol and zinc (with GOS) did not improve HOMA-IR overall but modestly improved HDL and showed reduced fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in a severe-obesity subgroup.
250 Ugandan children <5 years with sickle cell anemia received daily 10 mg zinc or placebo for 12 months; zinc raised serum zinc but did not reduce severe/invasive infections, with a preliminary signal of fewer strokes or deaths.
250 Ugandan children <5 years with sickle cell anemia received daily 10 mg zinc or placebo for 12 months; zinc raised serum zinc but did not reduce severe/invasive infections, with a preliminary signal of fewer strokes or deaths.
250 Ugandan children <5 years with sickle cell anemia received daily 10 mg zinc or placebo for 12 months; zinc raised serum zinc but did not reduce severe/invasive infections, with a preliminary signal of fewer strokes or deaths.
In malnourished young children with acute diarrhea, zinc supplementation tended to reduce stool output and duration and increased serum zinc and weight gain.
In children with rotavirus diarrhea, zinc alone or zinc plus Saccharomyces boulardii shortened diarrhea and hospital stay compared to rehydration alone.
808 children (6–59 months) hospitalized for acute diarrhea were randomized to placebo, zinc, or zinc+cupric syrup for 14 days; supplementation did not shorten diarrhea duration or reduce stool output versus placebo.
An infant formula containing probiotics, prebiotics, fiber and increased zinc+iron shortened duration of acute diarrhea versus control formula.
A zinc-containing gel ORS increased fluid intake and reduced diarrhea duration and persistence at 72 h in young children with acute gastroenteritis.
808 children (6–59 months) hospitalized for acute diarrhea were randomized to placebo, zinc, or zinc+cupric syrup for 14 days; supplementation did not shorten diarrhea duration or reduce stool output versus placebo.
Malnourished children had lower blood zinc and copper; zinc levels correlated with linear growth.
In hemodialysis patients zinc increased serum zinc and some B-cell marker levels, but did not produce a clear between-group improvement in vaccine antibody response.
808 children (6–59 months) hospitalized for acute diarrhea were randomized to placebo, zinc, or zinc+cupric syrup for 14 days; supplementation did not shorten diarrhea duration or reduce stool output versus placebo.
Antihypertensive monotherapy was associated with decreased serum zinc and increased urinary zinc; an optimal-mineral diet restored serum zinc.
Placebo-controlled trial in patients with treatment-resistant viral warts: oral zinc sulphate produced high rates of complete wart clearance in completers.
Six weeks of zinc raised serum zinc but did not change IGF-1 or bone turnover markers in peripubertal girls.
A 3-year homestead food production programme did not change haemoglobin, iron, vitamin A, or zinc biomarker status in women or children at endline.
In Indonesian infants, zinc supplements raised serum zinc, but combined iron+zinc was less effective at improving iron status than iron alone.
Zinc combined with iron (with or without vitamin A) improved growth and micronutrient status in stunted infants, whereas zinc alone worsened iron/hemoglobin markers and growth trajectory.
In a 3-month randomized double-blind trial, daily 30 mg iron plus 30 mg zinc improved hemoglobin, total body iron and serum zinc versus placebo in women of childbearing age.
Weekly simultaneous iron + zinc supplementation reduced severe diarrhea and, in undernourished infants, reduced severe ALRI compared with control.
In 40 men with type 2 diabetes and normal zinc status, high-dose zinc raised serum zinc but did not change oxidative damage markers or vascular function over 3 months.
56 overweight/obese NAFLD patients received calorie restriction plus either 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc raised serum zinc and improved some liver enzymes and waist circumference but did not change steatosis.
A multivitamin-mineral supplement containing zinc increased serum and cellular zinc and showed signals of improved mitochondrial function and antioxidant enzyme activity in healthy volunteers.
Daily iron supplementation in pregnant women reduced serum copper and zinc concentrations in the second and third trimesters.
6 months of 15–30 mg/day zinc raised serum and urinary zinc with no major overall adverse effects on iron, copper status or lipids, though 30 mg/day showed some age/sex‑dependent changes.
Double-blind randomized trial in hemodialysis patients showed that 60 days of zinc (100 mg/day elemental) raised serum zinc and lowered serum leptin in women.
In malnourished young children with acute diarrhea, zinc supplementation tended to reduce stool output and duration and increased serum zinc and weight gain.
Overweight/obese adults given 30 mg zinc daily for 12 weeks had higher blood zinc and BDNF and felt less depressed than those on placebo.
In hemodialysis patients with zinc deficiency, one year of zinc supplementation was associated with increases in body fat weight; serum zinc correlated positively with fat mass.
A 6-month multi-micronutrient beverage increased serum vitamin A and zinc in Nigerian schoolchildren.
In women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of zinc (30 mg/day) increased serum zinc and antioxidant capacity and lowered hs-CRP, without changing pregnancy outcomes.
Daily ABB C1® (contains 15 mg zinc/day) for 30–35 days increased serum zinc and selenium and tended to enhance vaccine-associated immune markers versus placebo in vaccinated volunteers.
Three months of curcumin increased serum zinc and the zinc/copper ratio and lowered serum copper in adults with β-thalassemia intermedia.
Infants randomized to 10 mg zinc as a dispersible tablet, zinc in MNP, or placebo for 24 weeks; exchangeable zinc pool (EZP) and serum zinc measured before and after.
In Thai infants, zinc supplements raised blood zinc but did not improve growth; combined iron+zinc altered iron markers versus single supplements.
Randomized double-blind trial of daily multivitamin and trace element supplement (including zinc 20 mg) vs placebo in adults measuring serum nutrient levels and antioxidant markers over 6 months.
Triple-fortified rice raised serum zinc more than control rice in schoolchildren.
Randomized trial in children with coeliac disease: adding four weeks of zinc to a gluten-free diet increased serum zinc and iron more than diet alone; copper change was not significantly different.
Zinc (100 mg/day) for 2 months increased blood zinc and antioxidant markers and reduced lipid peroxidation in hemodialysis patients.
Young women given multivitamin plus 7 mg zinc daily for 10 weeks showed reduced anger and depression scores and higher serum zinc versus multivitamin alone.
In zinc-deficient hemodialysis patients, three months of zinc supplementation increased serum zinc, improved red blood cell osmotic fragility and reduced lipid peroxidation (MDA), but some side effects occurred with zinc.
In 79 primary-school children given iron, zinc, or both for 4 months, serum zinc increased with zinc supplementation; effects on ferritin differed by regimen and plasma retinol decreased across supplemented groups.
In 40 obese young women randomized to 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 8 weeks, zinc raised serum and urinary zinc and reduced some inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-6) but did not change leptin or adiponectin.
In zinc-deficient people with HIV on ART, 24 weeks of daily zinc raised zinc levels and reduced a monocyte activation marker (sCD14) but did not change most inflammation or cardiovascular markers.
Randomized study in healthy adults showing that several oral zinc regimens halved hepatic copper uptake by PET/CT; adverse GI effects were common and varied by zinc salt and dosing.
Double-blind RCT: oral zinc raised serum zinc but did not improve rosacea severity vs placebo over 90 days.
Daily oral polaprezinc (34 mg Zn/day) in zinc-deficient hemodialysis patients increased serum zinc, lowered serum copper and ferritin, and reduced the erythropoietin responsiveness index (ERI), allowing lower ESA requirements.
Infants counseled to eat red meat more frequently from 6–12 months had higher meat intake and improved haemoglobin/hematocrit but no change in zinc status or linear growth at 12 months.
A 4-month randomized trial in women with low iron stores tested dietary advice, iron supplement, or placebo and measured zinc status; iron supplements with meals appeared to lower zinc status.
Fortified porridge improved anemia, iron and selenium status in Zambian infants but did not significantly raise overall serum zinc.
In 60 patients with traumatic fractures, 50 mg elemental zinc daily for 60 days raised serum zinc and alkaline phosphatase and improved radiographic callus formation versus placebo.
Randomized workplace nutrition intervention providing oral nutrition supplements (multi‑vitamin/mineral formula including minerals) plus education vs education alone in female workers; intervention improved biochemical micronutrient markers including serum zinc, iron, and total serum calcium and reduced micronutrient deficiency prevalence.
In 60 women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and modestly lowered fasting glucose.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc reduced TLR-2 expression and improved a nonocular Behçet's disease activity score versus placebo.
231 HIV-infected adults with low plasma zinc were randomized to zinc (12–15 mg/day) or placebo for 18 months; zinc reduced immunological failure and diarrheal episodes but did not change viral load or mortality.
231 HIV-infected adults with low plasma zinc were randomized to zinc (12–15 mg/day) or placebo for 18 months; zinc reduced immunological failure and diarrheal episodes but did not change viral load or mortality.
231 HIV-infected adults with low plasma zinc were randomized to zinc (12–15 mg/day) or placebo for 18 months; zinc reduced immunological failure and diarrheal episodes but did not change viral load or mortality.
Personalized supplementation raised vitamin D blood levels but did not reduce how often or how severe upper respiratory infections occurred in these healthy adults.
Personalized supplementation raised vitamin D blood levels but did not reduce how often or how severe upper respiratory infections occurred in these healthy adults.
69 cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy received zinc (45 mg/day elemental) or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc improved several psychomotor test scores and quality-of-life measures and increased serum zinc.
69 cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy received zinc (45 mg/day elemental) or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc improved several psychomotor test scores and quality-of-life measures and increased serum zinc.
In this phase 1 trial of VLBW preterm infants, serum zinc levels fell over 21 days in both groups, and human milk additives tested did not maintain serum zinc levels.
Zinc acetate hydrate (50 mg/day) increased serum zinc more than polaprezinc (34 mg/day) in maintenance hemodialysis patients and led to a decline in serum copper.
Zinc supplementation in zinc‑deficient ESRD patients increased serum zinc and substantially reduced plasma homocysteine vs placebo over ~6 weeks.
Pregnant women given 20 mg elemental zinc daily had higher blood zinc at delivery compared with placebo.
In HCV patients, supplementation with BCAAs plus zinc (10 mg/day) for 60 days increased BCAA:tyrosine ratio and serum zinc; in those with elevated baseline AFP, supplementation reduced AFP.
69 cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy received zinc (45 mg/day elemental) or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc improved several psychomotor test scores and quality-of-life measures and increased serum zinc.
In zinc-deficient people with HIV on ART, 24 weeks of daily zinc raised zinc levels and reduced a monocyte activation marker (sCD14) but did not change most inflammation or cardiovascular markers.
In zinc-deficient people with HIV on ART, 24 weeks of daily zinc raised zinc levels and reduced a monocyte activation marker (sCD14) but did not change most inflammation or cardiovascular markers.
Two weeks of prophylactic oral zinc in infants (6–11 months) did not change overall ARI incidence but reduced duration measures and substantially lowered acute lower respiratory infection incidence over follow-up.
Two weeks of prophylactic oral zinc in infants (6–11 months) did not change overall ARI incidence but reduced duration measures and substantially lowered acute lower respiratory infection incidence over follow-up.
Two weeks of prophylactic oral zinc in infants (6–11 months) did not change overall ARI incidence but reduced duration measures and substantially lowered acute lower respiratory infection incidence over follow-up.
Perioperative zinc plus vitamin E supplementation increased plasma zinc, reduced inflammatory markers, and shortened hospital length of stay after CABG surgery.
In a small pilot study of HIV patients with poor CD4 recovery, zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc and was associated with CD4 increases in those initially zinc-deficient.
14 days of zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc but did not improve weight gain or speed recovery from diarrhea in hospitalized malnourished children.
Measured plasma and erythrocyte minerals in hospitalized patients on antipsychotics; erythrocyte magnesium decreased whereas plasma magnesium was unchanged; no clear plasma zinc change reported.
In a double-blind RCT, oral zinc (2 mg/kg/day) did not raise plasma zinc significantly but was associated with improved weight gain and fewer infection episodes during 60 days.
In elderly subjects, oral zinc (or zinc+arginine) restored plasma zinc levels but did not enhance influenza antibody responses or lymphocyte counts.
Ten-week zinc- and micronutrient-rich food or ayurvedic zinc supplements increased plasma zinc and reduced zinc deficiency prevalence in adolescent girls.
Crossover feeding study in women showed lower zinc absorption and a small drop in plasma zinc on a lactoovovegetarian diet compared with an omnivorous diet.
In non-anemic young women, 12 weeks of low-dose iron supplementation improved iron stores but caused a significant drop in plasma zinc.
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial giving 45 mg zinc/day for 6 months to healthy elderly adults and measuring plasma zinc and inflammatory/oxidative markers.
In young patients with thalassemia and low bone mass, zinc supplementation increased whole-body bone mass and areal bone density over 18 months.
Randomized double-blind trial in obese hypertensive adults: 3 months of Spirulina (2 g/day) decreased serum iron but did not markedly change serum calcium or magnesium.
Two-week zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc by day 14 but did not significantly shorten diarrhoea duration or reduce severity or incidence versus control.
In a large randomized trial of young children, preventive zinc (daily) and a zinc-containing micronutrient powder increased plasma zinc but did not improve linear growth or weight; the micronutrient powder improved iron status and modestly reduced anemia among initially anemic children.
A 22-week school-based multiple micronutrient supplement (including zinc 10 mg/day) increased plasma zinc and reduced zinc deficiency prevalence in 6–9-year-old children.
Randomized trial in young children comparing 10 mg/day zinc alone, zinc+multivitamins/minerals, or placebo for ~6 months; morbidity, growth, and plasma micronutrients measured.
Giving one egg daily for six months did not improve plasma zinc, selenium, copper or magnesium; plasma iron decreased in the egg group.
In a large randomized trial of young children, preventive zinc (daily) and a zinc-containing micronutrient powder increased plasma zinc but did not improve linear growth or weight; the micronutrient powder improved iron status and modestly reduced anemia among initially anemic children.
In a large randomized trial of young children, preventive zinc (daily) and a zinc-containing micronutrient powder increased plasma zinc but did not improve linear growth or weight; the micronutrient powder improved iron status and modestly reduced anemia among initially anemic children.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc in young women with PMS improved the physical domain of quality of life; overall quality-of-life improvement was seen within the zinc group but not significantly different vs placebo, and sleep quality showed a marginal improvement.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc in young women with PMS improved the physical domain of quality of life; overall quality-of-life improvement was seen within the zinc group but not significantly different vs placebo, and sleep quality showed a marginal improvement.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc in young women with PMS improved the physical domain of quality of life; overall quality-of-life improvement was seen within the zinc group but not significantly different vs placebo, and sleep quality showed a marginal improvement.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc in women with PMS reduced physical and psychological PMS symptoms and increased total antioxidant capacity and BDNF, with no change in hs-CRP.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc in women with PMS reduced physical and psychological PMS symptoms and increased total antioxidant capacity and BDNF, with no change in hs-CRP.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc in women with PMS reduced physical and psychological PMS symptoms and increased total antioxidant capacity and BDNF, with no change in hs-CRP.
Nine months of daily preventive zinc (7 mg/day) in young Laotian children did not change cytokine or T-cell concentrations but was associated with lower lymphocyte counts overall and lower eosinophil counts in the subgroup with lower baseline zinc.
Nine months of daily preventive zinc (7 mg/day) in young Laotian children did not change cytokine or T-cell concentrations but was associated with lower lymphocyte counts overall and lower eosinophil counts in the subgroup with lower baseline zinc.
Nine months of daily preventive zinc (7 mg/day) in young Laotian children did not change cytokine or T-cell concentrations but was associated with lower lymphocyte counts overall and lower eosinophil counts in the subgroup with lower baseline zinc.
Eating zinc-rich foods (and zinc-enriched yeast with astaxanthin) for 12 weeks improved objective actigraphy measures of sleep onset latency and sleep efficiency in healthy adults.
Eating zinc-rich foods (and zinc-enriched yeast with astaxanthin) for 12 weeks improved objective actigraphy measures of sleep onset latency and sleep efficiency in healthy adults.
Eating zinc-rich foods (and zinc-enriched yeast with astaxanthin) for 12 weeks improved objective actigraphy measures of sleep onset latency and sleep efficiency in healthy adults.
Daily low-dose MNP containing bioavailable iron and 2.5 mg zinc reduced iron and zinc deficiencies and modestly improved weight-for-age over 23 weeks.
A 6-month lipid-based nutrient supplement (providing zinc among other nutrients) modestly increased length- and weight-for-age in young children, with effects persisting 6 months later.
In 6–12 month Indonesian infants, single zinc improved some growth measures while iron improved growth and psychomotor development; combined iron+zinc showed no benefit at the tested ratio.
Infants born small for gestational age who received daily zinc showed greater weight and length gains over the first 6 months versus placebo.
In 6–12 month Indonesian infants, single zinc improved some growth measures while iron improved growth and psychomotor development; combined iron+zinc showed no benefit at the tested ratio.
In 6–12 month Indonesian infants, single zinc improved some growth measures while iron improved growth and psychomotor development; combined iron+zinc showed no benefit at the tested ratio.
In Bangladeshi toddlers, zinc and vitamin A together reduced persistent diarrhoea and dysentery, but zinc alone was associated with increased acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI); vitamin A reduced that adverse effect when given together.
In Bangladeshi toddlers, zinc and vitamin A together reduced persistent diarrhoea and dysentery, but zinc alone was associated with increased acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI); vitamin A reduced that adverse effect when given together.
In Bangladeshi toddlers, zinc and vitamin A together reduced persistent diarrhoea and dysentery, but zinc alone was associated with increased acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI); vitamin A reduced that adverse effect when given together.
In a 21-day crossover experimental gingivitis model, the dentifrice containing triclosan + pvm/ma + Zn + PPi reduced plaque, gingivitis, and bleeding indices versus control.
In young adults with plaque-induced gingivitis, adjunctive zinc-containing intraoral stents reduced gingival inflammation (GI) more than control over 8 weeks.
Among lead-exposed schoolchildren, zinc (and iron) supplementation for 6 months did not reduce blood lead concentrations compared with placebo; iron improved iron status but did not lower lead.
Among lead-exposed schoolchildren, zinc (and iron) supplementation for 6 months did not reduce blood lead concentrations compared with placebo; iron improved iron status but did not lower lead.
Probiotic-supplemented milk modestly improved growth (weight/height velocity) but had no effect on iron or zinc status in Indonesian children.
In young Indian children, iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet increased absorption of both minerals versus control millet; absorbed iron and zinc exceeded physiological requirements.
Fortifying wheat with higher zinc increased total absorbed zinc while fractional absorption fell with higher fortification; values remained stable over ~7 weeks.
In young Indian children, iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet increased absorption of both minerals versus control millet; absorbed iron and zinc exceeded physiological requirements.
In young Indian children, iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet increased absorption of both minerals versus control millet; absorbed iron and zinc exceeded physiological requirements.
Crossover study in formula-fed infants comparing higher vs lower dietary fiber in weaning cereals; measured stool characteristics and mineral (including zinc) absorption using stable isotopes.
Reducing dietary phytate (corn-soy diet) increased zinc absorption in children recovering from tuberculosis but had no effect in well children.
In 60 children, NaFeEDTA- or FeSO4-fortified soy sauce did not change fractional zinc absorption or total zinc absorption compared with non-fortified soy sauce.
Infants randomized to 10 mg zinc as a dispersible tablet, zinc in MNP, or placebo for 24 weeks; exchangeable zinc pool (EZP) and serum zinc measured before and after.
Adding 10 mg zinc to a micronutrient powder markedly increased absorbed zinc and improved the exchangeable zinc pool in infants.
In 9-month-old breastfed infants, meat or zinc-fortified cereal provided more absorbed zinc than iron-only fortified cereal; human-milk zinc contributed <25% of needs.
In Kenyan infants (~9 months), iron in MNP did not affect zinc absorption, but overall zinc absorption from maize-based diets was low and often below physiologic requirement.
Infants randomized to 10 mg zinc as a dispersible tablet, zinc in MNP, or placebo for 24 weeks; exchangeable zinc pool (EZP) and serum zinc measured before and after.
A 22-week school-based multiple micronutrient supplement (including zinc 10 mg/day) increased plasma zinc and reduced zinc deficiency prevalence in 6–9-year-old children.
Adding 15 mg zinc to prenatal iron+folate did not alter hemoglobin or ferritin changes during pregnancy.
1125 adolescent girls received a fortified beverage for up to 12 months; fortification (including zinc) improved hemoglobin, ferritin, retinol, and short-term growth measures.
Children/adolescents in a randomized methylphenidate discontinuation trial had ferritin and zinc measured to see biochemical changes and whether baseline levels moderated symptom/working memory changes after withdrawal.
Daily feeding with iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet did not change iron or zinc status or growth overall but raised hemoglobin in some subgroups (males and iron‑deficient children).
Children/adolescents in a randomized methylphenidate discontinuation trial had ferritin and zinc measured to see biochemical changes and whether baseline levels moderated symptom/working memory changes after withdrawal.
Children/adolescents in a randomized methylphenidate discontinuation trial had ferritin and zinc measured to see biochemical changes and whether baseline levels moderated symptom/working memory changes after withdrawal.
23 weeks of daily whole or fortified milk increased serum vitamin A, zinc and iron in schoolchildren, with larger gains in those initially deficient but no difference between milk types.
12-week double-blind RCT in Cambodian women: MMN (including 15 mg zinc) raised serum zinc; adding 60 mg iron blunted that increase.
Children aged 1–5 years received 10 mg/day zinc for 4 months; zinc normalized serum zinc and improved hemoglobin but did not change growth measures.
Preterm infants given zinc plus multivitamin grew more and had higher zinc levels and fewer illnesses over 6 weeks compared to multivitamin alone.
Compared girls with sickle cell disease to matched controls; lower zinc was linked to later puberty and later first menstruation.
Pregnant women with gestational diabetes took zinc or placebo for 6 weeks; zinc improved blood sugar control and some lipids.
In migraine patients, 8 weeks of zinc (50 mg elemental) reduced monthly attack frequency; other migraine measures changed less consistently.
Children with low serum zinc ate zinc-fortified bread for 90 days and showed increases in zinc status, some growth markers, and immune responses.
Daily 10 mg zinc for 3 months raised serum zinc and reduced serum iron (AUC) in healthy 8–9-year-old children without causing anemia.
In 100 adolescent girls, higher serum zinc was associated with slightly lower depression and anxiety scores.
Zinc treatment/supplementation in children with ETEC diarrhea increased serum zinc and some innate immune markers (complement C3, phagocytosis) but reduced oxidative burst capacity.
In a trial of iron supplementation in anaemic lactating women, serum zinc decreased in supplemented groups (measured in a 53-person subset), with larger declines after daily vs weekly iron.
Zinc supplementation corrected low serum zinc levels but did not improve clinical outcomes such as illness scores, hospital stay, or ventilation duration in infants with severe pneumonia.
Double-blind randomized trial in 106 alcohol-dependent inpatients comparing 21 days of micronutrient supplementation (including zinc 20 mg) versus placebo and measuring serum vitamin and trace element levels.
Elderly people given a liquid multi-nutrient supplement maintained BMI and had improved intake of several nutrients and some measures of well-being; serum zinc did not change.
In hospitalized COVID-19 patients with low baseline zinc, high-dose IV zinc safely increased serum zinc above the deficiency cutoff by Day 6 with minimal local infusion irritation.
Cluster RCT sub-study in infants aged 6–12 months: 4 months of daily supplementation (MNP, syrup, or fortified food) increased serum zinc in all groups, with syrup showing the largest increase; MNP reduced anemia prevalence.
Randomized open-label trial of polaprezinc (zinc compound) after AMI showed increased serum zinc, lower IL-6/max CPK index and improved left ventricular ejection fraction at 9 months versus control.
Daily prenatal multiple micronutrients did not improve maternal serum zinc or retinol compared with iron-only supplementation; possible small improvement in folate postpartum.
Among 3–4-year-old children, counseling to reduce saturated fat did not change zinc intake or serum zinc concentrations compared with controls.
In asthmatic children given zinc 50 mg/day for 8 weeks, blood zinc rose and clinical symptoms and lung function improved versus placebo.
In a 12-month weight-loss trial, diets with differing zinc content maintained normal zinc status; higher-protein diet improved some iron markers but zinc did not change between groups.
One-month double-blind RCT in ICU nurses: zinc supplementation increased serum zinc and improved overall sleep quality and some PSQI subscales.
Six months of zinc‑fortified rice increased serum zinc, lowered zinc deficiency prevalence, and (for NutriRice) increased serum folate in Cambodian schoolchildren.
In children with chronic kidney disease, daily zinc (15 vs 30 mg) for up to 12 months led to a small but significant increase in body mass and some anthropometric measures, especially with 30 mg/day; serum zinc, albumin and CRP showed no consistent improvement.
Randomized placebo-controlled trial in hemodialysis patients; zinc raised serum zinc and produced a non-significant fall in CRP.
Substudy of AREDS (717 participants): 5 years of zinc oxide supplementation increased serum zinc (~17% median) versus ~2% in non-zinc groups, with no significant long-term effects on hematocrit, copper, or lipids.
Weekly zinc supplementation increased serum zinc in infants; iron indicators were unchanged and serum copper decreased with zinc or iron supplementation.
Postmenopausal osteoporotic women took zinc or placebo for 60 days; zinc raised serum zinc but did not change serum calcium.
Weekly or daily micronutrient supplements including zinc raised hemoglobin, serum zinc, and retinol versus placebo; growth improved only in children who were stunted at baseline.
In formula-fed infants, early versus later introduction of complementary foods did not affect serum zinc concentrations or zinc status at 12, 24, or 36 months.
In a 6-week double-blind RCT, curcumin (both forms) increased serum zinc and the zinc-to-copper ratio in people with metabolic syndrome.
Zinc-deficient nursing home residents received 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 3 months to assess serum zinc and T cell immune measures.
Zinc given to children with severe malnutrition led to biochemical zinc recovery, higher albumin and improved blood parameters, and fewer deaths compared with controls.
Between 2002 and 2012 zinc status in rural Chinese schoolchildren improved markedly (higher serum zinc, lower prevalence of deficiency and stunting).
Infants given 3 mg/day zinc showed higher hair zinc but no significant improvements in weight or length growth over 6 months.
Zinc supplementation restored serum zinc levels and reduced some treatment side effects but did not change virologic response to interferon/ribavirin.
Randomized trial in 290 preschoolers: vitamin A + zinc improved height gains; multiple micronutrients yielded greater hemoglobin increases; serum zinc rose most in the vitamin A+zinc group.
Women using contraceptives had lower mean serum zinc (and some other trace elements) compared with non-users; reductions correlated with duration of use.
Subsample (n=740) from a randomized antenatal trial in rural Nepal: multiple micronutrient supplementation reduced the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency though mean serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were unchanged between first and third trimester.
Very low birth weight infants received fortified human milk with or without trace elements; study focused on multiple minerals and growth, not iodine effects.
Three-month randomized trial of antihypertensive monotherapy showing diuretics, ACE‑inhibitors and calcium‑antagonists altered zinc status (increased zincuria and reduced serum/erythrocyte zinc); not investigating calcium supplementation or calcium outcomes.
Zinc-containing fortifications (MNPs or fortified CSB) increased serum zinc in moderately malnourished children; one MNP formulation without zinc decreased serum zinc.
In EDTA chelation-treated patients, urinary magnesium excretion decreased (indicating magnesium retention) while blood lead fell substantially.
Daily 5 mg zinc raised serum zinc overall and improved weight gain and reduced lower respiratory infection incidence in infants who were zinc-deficient at baseline.
Weekly zinc (70 mg) increased serum zinc by 16% in preschool children selected for low/marginal nutrient status; growth effects were driven by vitamin A, not zinc.
In obese postmenopausal women, multistrain probiotic supplementation altered some iron-status markers and produced small, dose-dependent changes in serum zinc (increase at low dose, decrease at high dose) compared with baseline.
Two weeks of zinc syrup (20 mg/day) in children with persistent diarrhoea shortened recovery time in underweight kids and prevented weight and serum zinc loss.
Daily 25 mg zinc for 3 weeks raised serum zinc but did not restore night vision by itself; it appeared to help vitamin A restore night vision in women with low baseline zinc.
ACE inhibitor therapy altered zinc parameters: serum zinc fell and urinary zinc rose during treatment.
Two multicenter studies: a double-blind RCT (NPC-02 zinc acetate, n≈56 efficacy-set) and a dose-adjustment study (n=43); zinc acetate significantly raised serum zinc and dose-dependently increased concentrations with acceptable safety.
Cross-sectional analysis of serum copper, selenium and zinc versus Montenegro skin test (MST) diameter in vaccinated volunteers.
In children with shigellosis, 14 days of adjunct zinc increased serum zinc, improved antibody seroconversion and increased circulating B-cell/plasma-cell proportions.
Pregnant women given different iron doses (one tablet contained added zinc) showed no significant between-group differences in serum zinc during pregnancy.
Dietary changes over 2 years were associated with altered serum zinc; in the low-fat group, decreasing fats and decreasing sweets/snacks predicted higher serum zinc.
Zinc-deficient nursing home residents received 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 3 months to assess serum zinc and T cell immune measures.
Zinc-deficient nursing home residents received 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 3 months to assess serum zinc and T cell immune measures.
Healthy 8–9-year-old children received oral and IV zinc over 3 months; growth-related hormones and enzymes were measured acutely and across the study.
Healthy 8–9-year-old children received oral and IV zinc over 3 months; growth-related hormones and enzymes were measured acutely and across the study.
Healthy 8–9-year-old children received oral and IV zinc over 3 months; growth-related hormones and enzymes were measured acutely and across the study.
6 months of 15–30 mg/day zinc raised serum and urinary zinc with no major overall adverse effects on iron, copper status or lipids, though 30 mg/day showed some age/sex‑dependent changes.
In EDTA chelation-treated patients, urinary magnesium excretion decreased (indicating magnesium retention) while blood lead fell substantially.
ACE inhibitor therapy altered zinc parameters: serum zinc fell and urinary zinc rose during treatment.
Three-month randomized trial of antihypertensive monotherapy showing diuretics, ACE‑inhibitors and calcium‑antagonists altered zinc status (increased zincuria and reduced serum/erythrocyte zinc); not investigating calcium supplementation or calcium outcomes.
A randomized controlled trial in iron-depleted schoolchildren found that NaFeEDTA-fortified wheat improved iron status but did not change urinary zinc excretion after 7 months.
48 surgical patients randomized to low-dose rhGH or placebo; rhGH decreased urinary zinc excretion and improved zinc balance and utilization but raised mean blood glucose transiently postoperatively.
Non-anemic infants received iron+cu with or without 10 mg zinc daily from 6–18 months; blood and urine minerals tracked at multiple timepoints.
Antihypertensive monotherapy was associated with decreased serum zinc and increased urinary zinc; an optimal-mineral diet restored serum zinc.
Children aged 1–5 years received 10 mg/day zinc for 4 months; zinc normalized serum zinc and improved hemoglobin but did not change growth measures.
Adding 15 mg zinc to prenatal iron+folate did not alter hemoglobin or ferritin changes during pregnancy.
1125 adolescent girls received a fortified beverage for up to 12 months; fortification (including zinc) improved hemoglobin, ferritin, retinol, and short-term growth measures.
Reducing phytate in weaning cereals produced little long-term effect on infants' iron or zinc status over 6 months.
In a 3-month randomized double-blind trial, daily 30 mg iron plus 30 mg zinc improved hemoglobin, total body iron and serum zinc versus placebo in women of childbearing age.
Non-anemic infants received iron+cu with or without 10 mg zinc daily from 6–18 months; blood and urine minerals tracked at multiple timepoints.
Fortified biscuits (including iodine) increased iodine and other micronutrient status and reduced anemia in primary schoolchildren and improved deworming effectiveness.
Six-month RCT in Vietnamese infants testing daily or weekly multiple micronutrients (including a small zinc dose) vs placebo; growth and blood micronutrients measured.
Children/adolescents with early cold symptoms received zinc gluconate lozenges or placebo; symptom duration and adverse events were recorded.
Children/adolescents with early cold symptoms received zinc gluconate lozenges or placebo; symptom duration and adverse events were recorded.
Children/adolescents with early cold symptoms received zinc gluconate lozenges or placebo; symptom duration and adverse events were recorded.
Daily 10 mg zinc for 7 months reduced diarrhea incidence and persistent diarrhea in young Guatemalan children; no clear effect on respiratory infections.
School lunch seasoning fortified with multiple micronutrients (including 50 μg iodine per serving) reduced respiratory and diarrheal morbidity and slightly improved a visual recall test, but did not change growth.
Weekly oral zinc reduced pneumonia episodes and slightly reduced diarrhea incidence and reduced deaths in young children in this urban Bangladesh trial.
Daily zinc (3–10 mg) for 6 months raised plasma zinc in a dose-dependent manner and reduced diarrhea incidence by ~21–42% without adverse effects on copper or iron markers.
Weekly zinc supplementation in young children reduced diarrheal illness and was feasible to deliver in the community.
Children receiving combined vitamin A and zinc had fewer malaria and fever episodes, lower diarrhea incidence, and reduced anemia compared with placebo over six months.
In children treated for acute diarrhea, 5 days of zinc was as effective as 10 days at preventing subsequent diarrhea over 3 months.
Study of 2–10 y Nigerian children showed meals reduce zinc absorption and enzymatic dephytinization of maize porridge doubled zinc absorption from the meal.
Study of 2–10 y Nigerian children showed meals reduce zinc absorption and enzymatic dephytinization of maize porridge doubled zinc absorption from the meal.
Study of 2–10 y Nigerian children showed meals reduce zinc absorption and enzymatic dephytinization of maize porridge doubled zinc absorption from the meal.
After RYGBP surgery zinc absorption and several zinc status markers declined despite higher supplemental zinc intakes; absorption dropped sharply at 6 months.
After RYGBP surgery zinc absorption and several zinc status markers declined despite higher supplemental zinc intakes; absorption dropped sharply at 6 months.
17-day randomized placebo-controlled trial: 20 mg/day zinc reduced blood cell DNA strand breaks (comet assay) despite no significant change in plasma zinc.
Large RCT in children with severe pneumonia found adjunctive zinc did not change time to resolution of respiratory signs or treatment failure.
Large RCT in children with severe pneumonia found adjunctive zinc did not change time to resolution of respiratory signs or treatment failure.
In infants with probable serious bacterial infection, adding 10 mg zinc daily to antibiotics reduced treatment failure compared with placebo.
Large RCT in children with severe pneumonia found adjunctive zinc did not change time to resolution of respiratory signs or treatment failure.
One-month double-blind RCT in ICU nurses: zinc supplementation increased serum zinc and improved overall sleep quality and some PSQI subscales.
One-month double-blind RCT in ICU nurses: zinc supplementation increased serum zinc and improved overall sleep quality and some PSQI subscales.
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in 60 adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia; an 8-week nutraceutical containing bergamot/artichoke/Q10 and zinc improved lipids, inflammation markers and endothelial reactivity versus placebo.
In a 10-week trial in Chinese schoolchildren, zinc plus other micronutrients improved neuropsychologic performance and growth more than zinc or micronutrients alone; plasma zinc rose after micronutrient treatments.
In a 10-week trial in Chinese schoolchildren, zinc plus other micronutrients improved neuropsychologic performance and growth more than zinc or micronutrients alone; plasma zinc rose after micronutrient treatments.
380 Cambodian schoolchildren ate fortified or placebo rice for 6 months; fortified rice altered gut microbiota and improved some micronutrient/inflammation markers.
Double-masked, placebo-controlled 100-day trial in 100 anemic schoolchildren comparing a multi‑fortified juice (including zinc) vs non‑fortified juice; supervised administration and deworming were done.
In Indonesian infants, 6 months of zinc and/or iron supplementation reduced zinc deficiency and anemia prevalence, but combined iron+zinc was less effective than iron alone at reducing anemia; no effect on growth.
In a 7-month cluster-RCT of fortified rice in Burundian schoolchildren, the intervention did not significantly increase hemoglobin or reduce anemia prevalence.
Pooled data from four randomized trials in SE Asia showed combined iron+zinc reduced anemia and zinc deficiency but was less effective than single-nutrient supplements due to interactions.
Large cluster-randomized trial: daily micronutrient Sprinkles (included zinc) plus feeding education reduced anemia and iron deficiency and increased mean serum zinc during the intervention period.
Daily consumption of low-dose, highly bioavailable zinc-fortified filtered water increased children's blood zinc and reduced zinc deficiency but did not change diarrhea or growth.
Six-month RCT in Vietnamese infants testing daily or weekly multiple micronutrients (including a small zinc dose) vs placebo; growth and blood micronutrients measured.
Pooled data from four randomized trials in SE Asia showed combined iron+zinc reduced anemia and zinc deficiency but was less effective than single-nutrient supplements due to interactions.
In Indonesian infants, 6 months of zinc and/or iron supplementation reduced zinc deficiency and anemia prevalence, but combined iron+zinc was less effective than iron alone at reducing anemia; no effect on growth.
Zinc-containing fortifications (MNPs or fortified CSB) increased serum zinc in moderately malnourished children; one MNP formulation without zinc decreased serum zinc.
Daily zinc supplementation did not reduce malaria episodes but increased plasma zinc and markedly reduced zinc deficiency.
Cross-sectional analysis found a high prevalence (31.3%) of biochemical zinc deficiency in healthy 1–3-year-old children in Western Europe.
Cross-sectional baseline survey of HIV-infected Ugandan children (1–5 y); measured serum zinc and associated factors.
380 Cambodian schoolchildren ate fortified or placebo rice for 6 months; fortified rice altered gut microbiota and improved some micronutrient/inflammation markers.
Daily low-dose MNP containing bioavailable iron and 2.5 mg zinc reduced iron and zinc deficiencies and modestly improved weight-for-age over 23 weeks.
Randomized trial in young children comparing 10 mg/day zinc alone, zinc+multivitamins/minerals, or placebo for ~6 months; morbidity, growth, and plasma micronutrients measured.
In Indonesian infants, 6 months of zinc and/or iron supplementation reduced zinc deficiency and anemia prevalence, but combined iron+zinc was less effective than iron alone at reducing anemia; no effect on growth.
Sprinkles and Foodlets improved infants' zinc status more than Drops, but there was no benefit for growth or vitamin A/D status.
Double-blind RCT in 80 malnourished children: zinc syrup shortened diarrhoea, reduced stool output and ORS use and improved early recovery rates.
In Aboriginal children hospitalized with acute diarrhoea, zinc and/or vitamin A supplementation did not shorten diarrhoea duration or reduce re-admission rates compared with placebo.
Adding oral zinc to usual care for infants with rotavirus reduced symptom durations, improved response rate, and lowered 3-month recurrence and severe-recurrence rates.
Children with cholera given 30 mg/day zinc recovered faster and had shorter diarrhoea and lower stool output than placebo.
Providing zinc for 14 days during diarrhoea in children reduced duration and incidence of diarrhoea and lowered child mortality in the community trial.
In Aboriginal children hospitalized with acute diarrhoea, zinc and/or vitamin A supplementation did not shorten diarrhoea duration or reduce re-admission rates compared with placebo.
Daily 25 mg zinc in pregnant women with lower baseline zinc was associated with higher infant birth weight and larger head circumference, especially in women with BMI <26.
Daily 15 mg zinc during lactation raised maternal plasma zinc but did not alter the decline in milk zinc concentrations over time compared with placebo.
Daily 15 mg zinc during lactation raised maternal plasma zinc but did not alter the decline in milk zinc concentrations over time compared with placebo.
Providing red meat or fortified toddler milk raised dietary zinc intake modestly (~+0.7–0.8 mg/day) but did not change serum or hair zinc concentrations in toddlers over 20 weeks.
In the BLISS trial, infants following a modified baby-led weaning approach had similar zinc intakes at 7 and 12 months and similar plasma zinc at 12 months compared with spoon-fed controls.
Crossover feeding study in women showed lower zinc absorption and a small drop in plasma zinc on a lactoovovegetarian diet compared with an omnivorous diet.
Healthy adults adjusted intestinal zinc absorption when dietary zinc was low and diets were low in phytate; some zinc-status biomarkers did not change.
Healthy adults adjusted intestinal zinc absorption when dietary zinc was low and diets were low in phytate; some zinc-status biomarkers did not change.
Healthy adults adjusted intestinal zinc absorption when dietary zinc was low and diets were low in phytate; some zinc-status biomarkers did not change.
Daily preventive zinc, therapeutic zinc, or a high-zinc MNP did not change stool markers of intestinal inflammation (MPO, NEO, CAL) in young Laotian children.
Daily preventive zinc, therapeutic zinc, or a high-zinc MNP did not change stool markers of intestinal inflammation (MPO, NEO, CAL) in young Laotian children.
Daily preventive zinc, therapeutic zinc, or a high-zinc MNP did not change stool markers of intestinal inflammation (MPO, NEO, CAL) in young Laotian children.
Preventive or therapeutic zinc, or MNP, did not change plasma citrulline, kynurenine, tryptophan, or the KT ratio in young Laotian children.
Preventive or therapeutic zinc, or MNP, did not change plasma citrulline, kynurenine, tryptophan, or the KT ratio in young Laotian children.
Preventive or therapeutic zinc, or MNP, did not change plasma citrulline, kynurenine, tryptophan, or the KT ratio in young Laotian children.
Perioperative zinc plus vitamin E transiently lowered plasma copper on postoperative day 3 and increased leukocyte MT2A expression at days 3 and 21, with no lasting copper depletion.
Adolescent athletes taking 22 mg/day zinc for 12 weeks showed improved antioxidant markers but decreased plasma iron and copper.
Six weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in gestational diabetes improved fasting glucose, insulin-related markers and some lipid markers versus placebo.
Six weeks of zinc plus vitamin E in women with gestational diabetes improved insulin levels, insulin resistance measures, some lipid measures, and upregulated PPAR-γ and LDLR expression.
In pregnant women at risk for IUGR, 30 mg/day zinc for 10 weeks reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and lowered insulin; no effect on uterine artery PI.
Six weeks of zinc plus vitamin E in women with gestational diabetes improved insulin levels, insulin resistance measures, some lipid measures, and upregulated PPAR-γ and LDLR expression.
6-month RCT of Lysulin (lysine, zinc, vitamin C) in pre-diabetes reduced progression to diabetes and improved glycaemic and lipid measures versus placebo.
Six weeks of zinc plus vitamin E in women with gestational diabetes improved insulin levels, insulin resistance measures, some lipid measures, and upregulated PPAR-γ and LDLR expression.
In ~4–7-month-old infants, zinc supplementation increased serum zinc and weight gain; combined iron+zinc improved iron status but appeared to reduce the zinc increase versus zinc alone.
In ~4–7-month-old infants, zinc supplementation increased serum zinc and weight gain; combined iron+zinc improved iron status but appeared to reduce the zinc increase versus zinc alone.
Low birth weight infants given daily zinc had greater weight, length and head circumference gains by 6 months compared with placebo.
Short-term zinc (with/without vitamin A) did not affect weight or length gains over 6 months in undernourished children.
14 days of zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc but did not improve weight gain or speed recovery from diarrhea in hospitalized malnourished children.
In ~4–7-month-old infants, zinc supplementation increased serum zinc and weight gain; combined iron+zinc improved iron status but appeared to reduce the zinc increase versus zinc alone.
Adjunctive vitamin A plus zinc for 8 weeks did not change time to sputum smear or culture conversion or weight gain in adults with pulmonary TB.
In TB patients, zinc supplementation did not change culture conversion or weight gain; a multi-micronutrient supplement (not zinc) increased weight.
Daily zinc improved growth, weight and reduced infections in supplemented stunted infants over 6 months.
In growth-retarded preschool children, zinc (±calcium) supplementation increased annual height gain, vitamin A-containing regimens improved weight gain, and supplementation reduced days of illness.
Infants born small for gestational age who received daily zinc showed greater weight and length gains over the first 6 months versus placebo.
Daily 5 mg zinc for 6 months increased weight gain and boys' height and reduced stunting in children with low linear growth.
In Thai infants, zinc supplements raised blood zinc but did not improve growth; combined iron+zinc altered iron markers versus single supplements.
In Thai infants, zinc supplements raised blood zinc but did not improve growth; combined iron+zinc altered iron markers versus single supplements.
Combined zinc, magnesium and chromium supplementation did not change metabolic syndrome components but lowered serum C-reactive protein.
Randomized placebo-controlled trial in hemodialysis patients; zinc raised serum zinc and produced a non-significant fall in CRP.
Combined zinc, magnesium and chromium supplementation did not change metabolic syndrome components but lowered serum C-reactive protein.
In women with T2DM and CHD, 12-week combined magnesium and zinc supplementation modestly improved fasting glucose, insulin, HDL, inflammatory marker CRP, antioxidant markers, and depression/anxiety scores versus placebo.
In preterm neonates with late-onset sepsis, 10 days of oral zinc plus antibiotics improved clinical sepsis scores and reduced CRP and procalcitonin versus placebo plus antibiotics.
Children with cholera given 30 mg/day zinc recovered faster and had shorter diarrhoea and lower stool output than placebo.
In undernourished young children with persistent diarrhea, zinc reduced stool output, prevented weight loss and sped recovery.
In undernourished young children with persistent diarrhea, zinc reduced stool output, prevented weight loss and sped recovery.
In undernourished young children with persistent diarrhea, zinc reduced stool output, prevented weight loss and sped recovery.
In elderly subjects, oral zinc (or zinc+arginine) restored plasma zinc levels but did not enhance influenza antibody responses or lymphocyte counts.
In elderly subjects, oral zinc (or zinc+arginine) restored plasma zinc levels but did not enhance influenza antibody responses or lymphocyte counts.
In Indonesian infants, zinc supplements raised serum zinc, but combined iron+zinc was less effective at improving iron status than iron alone.
In Indonesian infants, zinc supplements raised serum zinc, but combined iron+zinc was less effective at improving iron status than iron alone.
In a small pilot study of HIV patients with poor CD4 recovery, zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc and was associated with CD4 increases in those initially zinc-deficient.
In young adults with plaque-induced gingivitis, adjunctive zinc-containing intraoral stents reduced gingival inflammation (GI) more than control over 8 weeks.
In young adults with plaque-induced gingivitis, adjunctive zinc-containing intraoral stents reduced gingival inflammation (GI) more than control over 8 weeks.
Randomized safety trial in older adults found zinc lozenges well tolerated with only mild adverse events and no serious clinical safety signals.
Randomized safety trial in older adults found zinc lozenges well tolerated with only mild adverse events and no serious clinical safety signals.
Crossover feeding study in women showed lower zinc absorption and a small drop in plasma zinc on a lactoovovegetarian diet compared with an omnivorous diet.
In zinc-deficient hemodialysis patients, three months of zinc supplementation increased serum zinc, improved red blood cell osmotic fragility and reduced lipid peroxidation (MDA), but some side effects occurred with zinc.
Zinc (100 mg/day) for 2 months increased blood zinc and antioxidant markers and reduced lipid peroxidation in hemodialysis patients.
In zinc-deficient hemodialysis patients, three months of zinc supplementation increased serum zinc, improved red blood cell osmotic fragility and reduced lipid peroxidation (MDA), but some side effects occurred with zinc.
In zinc-deficient hemodialysis patients, three months of zinc supplementation increased serum zinc, improved red blood cell osmotic fragility and reduced lipid peroxidation (MDA), but some side effects occurred with zinc.
Preoperative 40 mg zinc gargle had no consistent benefit over magnesium or budesonide; incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat were comparable across groups.
In a small three-arm RCT (topical steroid +/- systemic zinc or vitamin D) over 8 weeks, adjunctive vitamin D produced earlier pain reduction versus steroid alone (by week 3) though zinc showed the largest clinical benefit; vitamin D adjunct effects were modest overall.
In a small three-arm RCT (topical steroid +/- systemic zinc or vitamin D) over 8 weeks, adjunctive vitamin D produced earlier pain reduction versus steroid alone (by week 3) though zinc showed the largest clinical benefit; vitamin D adjunct effects were modest overall.
Double-blind randomized trial in hemodialysis patients showed that 60 days of zinc (100 mg/day elemental) raised serum zinc and lowered serum leptin in women.
Double-blind randomized trial in hemodialysis patients showed that 60 days of zinc (100 mg/day elemental) raised serum zinc and lowered serum leptin in women.
Large randomized trial sub-study found that different zinc supplementation strategies did not meaningfully change hair cortisol (a chronic stress marker) in young Laotian children.
In children with chronic kidney disease, daily zinc (15 vs 30 mg) for up to 12 months led to a small but significant increase in body mass and some anthropometric measures, especially with 30 mg/day; serum zinc, albumin and CRP showed no consistent improvement.
In children with chronic kidney disease, daily zinc (15 vs 30 mg) for up to 12 months led to a small but significant increase in body mass and some anthropometric measures, especially with 30 mg/day; serum zinc, albumin and CRP showed no consistent improvement.
A fortified seasoning powder served with school lunch reduced the prevalence of urinary iodine deficiency and improved zinc status in children; no clear effect on anemia prevalence.
A fortified seasoning powder served with school lunch reduced the prevalence of urinary iodine deficiency and improved zinc status in children; no clear effect on anemia prevalence.
Provision of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements plus illness treatment and feeding advice increased growth and lowered stunting/wasting prevalence versus non-intervention, but varying the zinc content of the supplements (0, 5, 10 mg or tablet) produced no clear zinc-dose dependent effects on plasma zinc or growth.
A fortified seasoning powder served with school lunch reduced the prevalence of urinary iodine deficiency and improved zinc status in children; no clear effect on anemia prevalence.
In pooled infant trials, blanket zinc supplementation did not prevent overall growth faltering, but zinc reduced odds of stunting and improved length growth in anemic subgroups.
Provision of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements plus illness treatment and feeding advice increased growth and lowered stunting/wasting prevalence versus non-intervention, but varying the zinc content of the supplements (0, 5, 10 mg or tablet) produced no clear zinc-dose dependent effects on plasma zinc or growth.
Provision of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements plus illness treatment and feeding advice increased growth and lowered stunting/wasting prevalence versus non-intervention, but varying the zinc content of the supplements (0, 5, 10 mg or tablet) produced no clear zinc-dose dependent effects on plasma zinc or growth.
Daily zinc from 6 weeks of age reduced physician-diagnosed diarrhea, dysentery and acute upper respiratory infections in Tanzanian infants; multivitamins had no benefit.
Zinc supplementation had no effect on falciparum malaria incidence but reduced diarrhoea prevalence; mortality was lower numerically but not statistically significant.
Daily zinc supplementation in young children did not significantly reduce overall mortality in this large community trial in Pemba, Zanzibar.
In a very large double-blind cluster-randomized trial, adding 10 mg zinc daily to iron+folic acid did not change all-cause mortality or hospitalization rates in young children over 12 months.
Weekly oral zinc reduced pneumonia episodes and slightly reduced diarrhea incidence and reduced deaths in young children in this urban Bangladesh trial.
In a very large double-blind cluster-randomized trial, adding 10 mg zinc daily to iron+folic acid did not change all-cause mortality or hospitalization rates in young children over 12 months.
In schoolchildren given zinc (30 or 50 mg on schooldays) vs placebo for 12 months, reinfection rates with S. mansoni did not differ, but the median intensity of S. mansoni reinfection (eggs/g feces) was significantly lower in the zinc group.
In schoolchildren given zinc (30 or 50 mg on schooldays) vs placebo for 12 months, reinfection rates with S. mansoni did not differ, but the median intensity of S. mansoni reinfection (eggs/g feces) was significantly lower in the zinc group.
Among HIV patients with immunovirological discordance randomized to zinc 15 mg/day vs placebo for 12 months, zinc supplementation did not produce a greater CD4 recovery compared with placebo; baseline hypozincemia was common in discordant patients.
Among HIV patients with immunovirological discordance randomized to zinc 15 mg/day vs placebo for 12 months, zinc supplementation did not produce a greater CD4 recovery compared with placebo; baseline hypozincemia was common in discordant patients.
In asthmatic children given zinc 50 mg/day for 8 weeks, blood zinc rose and clinical symptoms and lung function improved versus placebo.
In asthmatic children given zinc 50 mg/day for 8 weeks, blood zinc rose and clinical symptoms and lung function improved versus placebo.
Weekly zinc (with or without retinol) added to TB therapy did not improve sputum conversion, radiographic, clinical outcomes, or mortality compared with placebo.
Zinc given to children with severe malnutrition led to biochemical zinc recovery, higher albumin and improved blood parameters, and fewer deaths compared with controls.
In infants with probable serious bacterial infection, adding 10 mg zinc daily to antibiotics reduced treatment failure compared with placebo.
Zinc supplementation (10 mg) in children with PEM reduced in-hospital mortality and several morbidity outcomes and improved short-term weight status post-discharge.
In very-low-birth-weight preterm neonates, oral zinc supplementation reduced morbidity and mortality versus placebo, with similar weight gain.
In severely malnourished young children, higher-dose zinc did not improve growth and was linked to higher death rates.
Neonates with probable sepsis given zinc plus standard care had no significant change in mortality, hospital stay, or need for higher-line antibiotics.
Providing zinc at home massively increased zinc treatment of diarrhea but did not reduce community diarrhea incidence; household-reported ALRI episodes were reduced.
Providing zinc at home massively increased zinc treatment of diarrhea but did not reduce community diarrhea incidence; household-reported ALRI episodes were reduced.
Providing zinc at home massively increased zinc treatment of diarrhea but did not reduce community diarrhea incidence; household-reported ALRI episodes were reduced.
Daily consumption of mildly Zn-fortified water for 20 weeks modestly increased plasma phospholipid nervonic acid, especially in children who were Zn-deficient at baseline.
Short-term daily 5 mg zinc for 21 days markedly raised plasma zinc concentration in young children; impaired intestinal permeability attenuated but did not prevent the increase.
Short-term daily 5 mg zinc for 21 days markedly raised plasma zinc concentration in young children; impaired intestinal permeability attenuated but did not prevent the increase.
Daily zinc (12.5 mg) for 6 months raised serum zinc in a subsample but did not change growth measures (weight, height, arm circumference) compared with placebo.
Daily zinc (12.5 mg) for 6 months raised serum zinc in a subsample but did not change growth measures (weight, height, arm circumference) compared with placebo.
Oral zinc 50 mg daily for 2 months was associated with a large mean drop in subjective tinnitus severity score versus baseline in treated patients, but the trial was small and some clinical endpoints were not statistically different versus placebo.
Oral zinc 50 mg daily for 2 months was associated with a large mean drop in subjective tinnitus severity score versus baseline in treated patients, but the trial was small and some clinical endpoints were not statistically different versus placebo.
Non-hospitalized adults with COVID-19/covid-like illness received melatonin, zinc and multivitamins (including vitamin D) or placebo; the supplement arm had faster symptom resolution by days 5 and 10.
Non-hospitalized adults with COVID-19/covid-like illness received melatonin, zinc and multivitamins (including vitamin D) or placebo; the supplement arm had faster symptom resolution by days 5 and 10.
Non-hospitalized adults with COVID-19/covid-like illness received melatonin, zinc and multivitamins (including vitamin D) or placebo; the supplement arm had faster symptom resolution by days 5 and 10.
In hospitalized children (2 months–5 years) with severe pneumonia, adjunctive oral zinc did not significantly shorten duration of severe pneumonia, pneumonia, or hospital stay compared with placebo.
In children with rotavirus diarrhea, zinc alone or zinc plus Saccharomyces boulardii shortened diarrhea and hospital stay compared to rehydration alone.
In hospitalized children (2 months–5 years) with severe pneumonia, adjunctive oral zinc did not significantly shorten duration of severe pneumonia, pneumonia, or hospital stay compared with placebo.
In hospitalized young children with severe pneumonia, adjunct zinc did not shorten clinical signs or hospital stay overall and was linked to longer pneumonia duration in the hot season.
In men adopting cholesterol-lowering, high-fiber diets, zinc intake density and plasma zinc levels were maintained over 12–24 months; no adverse effect on zinc status was observed.
Pregnant women taking iron-containing prenatal supplements had much lower fractional zinc absorption and lower plasma zinc than unsupplemented controls; adding zinc to prenatal supplements reduced this adverse effect.
Reducing dietary phytate (corn-soy diet) increased zinc absorption in children recovering from tuberculosis but had no effect in well children.
Substituting biofortified maize increased children's zinc intake and total absorbed zinc compared with control maize, meeting requirements similarly to zinc-fortified maize.
Fortifying wheat with higher zinc increased total absorbed zinc while fractional absorption fell with higher fortification; values remained stable over ~7 weeks.
Ten-week feeding trial found no significant differences in fractional or total absorbed zinc between low-phytate and control maize groups.
In a subsample follow-up of infants whose mothers received prenatal zinc (30 mg/day) or placebo, infants of zinc-supplemented mothers had slightly lower mental and psychomotor development scores at 13 months compared with placebo.
In a subsample follow-up of infants whose mothers received prenatal zinc (30 mg/day) or placebo, infants of zinc-supplemented mothers had slightly lower mental and psychomotor development scores at 13 months compared with placebo.
Randomized placebo-controlled trial in type 2 diabetes patients found that 20 mg/day zinc for 60 days significantly lowered fasting serum glucose overall, with a larger response in older patients.
Randomized placebo-controlled trial in type 2 diabetes patients found that 20 mg/day zinc for 60 days significantly lowered fasting serum glucose overall, with a larger response in older patients.
6-month RCT of Lysulin (lysine, zinc, vitamin C) in pre-diabetes reduced progression to diabetes and improved glycaemic and lipid measures versus placebo.
Type 2 diabetics had lower serum zinc than controls; 3 months of oral zinc supplementation raised serum zinc and reduced HbA1c% in supplemented patients.
Randomized trial in children with coeliac disease: adding four weeks of zinc to a gluten-free diet increased serum zinc and iron more than diet alone; copper change was not significantly different.
Randomized workplace nutrition intervention providing oral nutrition supplements (multi‑vitamin/mineral formula including minerals) plus education vs education alone in female workers; intervention improved biochemical micronutrient markers including serum zinc, iron, and total serum calcium and reduced micronutrient deficiency prevalence.
Randomized trial in non‑alcoholic cirrhosis showed 90 days of 50 mg zinc daily improved Child‑Pugh score and lowered copper and creatinine versus placebo.
Daily oral polaprezinc (34 mg Zn/day) in zinc-deficient hemodialysis patients increased serum zinc, lowered serum copper and ferritin, and reduced the erythropoietin responsiveness index (ERI), allowing lower ESA requirements.
Three months of curcumin increased serum zinc and the zinc/copper ratio and lowered serum copper in adults with β-thalassemia intermedia.
Randomized trial in children with coeliac disease: adding four weeks of zinc to a gluten-free diet increased serum zinc and iron more than diet alone; copper change was not significantly different.
Daily iron supplementation in pregnant women reduced serum copper and zinc concentrations in the second and third trimesters.
Malnourished children had lower blood zinc and copper; zinc levels correlated with linear growth.
Pregnant women given 30 mg zinc vs placebo; infants (especially low-birthweight) had lower risks of acute diarrhea, dysentery, and impetigo by 6 months, but no growth or serum zinc differences.
Pregnant women given 30 mg zinc vs placebo; infants (especially low-birthweight) had lower risks of acute diarrhea, dysentery, and impetigo by 6 months, but no growth or serum zinc differences.
Pregnant women given 30 mg zinc vs placebo; infants (especially low-birthweight) had lower risks of acute diarrhea, dysentery, and impetigo by 6 months, but no growth or serum zinc differences.
After 1 year of 30 mg/day zinc or placebo, well-controlled type 2 diabetes patients showed no change in fasting or stimulated plasma glucagon or related ratios.
After 1 year of 30 mg/day zinc or placebo, well-controlled type 2 diabetes patients showed no change in fasting or stimulated plasma glucagon or related ratios.
After 1 year of 30 mg/day zinc or placebo, well-controlled type 2 diabetes patients showed no change in fasting or stimulated plasma glucagon or related ratios.
10-week, classroom-administered micronutrient/zinc supplementation in 6–9 year olds showed greatest growth when zinc was combined with other micronutrients and improved neuropsychological function with zinc-containing treatments.
10-week, classroom-administered micronutrient/zinc supplementation in 6–9 year olds showed greatest growth when zinc was combined with other micronutrients and improved neuropsychological function with zinc-containing treatments.
Randomized open-label trial of polaprezinc (zinc compound) after AMI showed increased serum zinc, lower IL-6/max CPK index and improved left ventricular ejection fraction at 9 months versus control.
Randomized open-label trial of polaprezinc (zinc compound) after AMI showed increased serum zinc, lower IL-6/max CPK index and improved left ventricular ejection fraction at 9 months versus control.
Topical galvanic zinc-copper gel applied to photo-aged periorbital skin produced rapid and lasting visible improvements versus placebo.
Topical galvanic zinc-copper gel applied to photo-aged periorbital skin produced rapid and lasting visible improvements versus placebo.
Topical galvanic zinc-copper gel applied to photo-aged periorbital skin produced rapid and lasting visible improvements versus placebo.
In an in situ crossover study, adding zinc to fluoride dentifrice reduced fluoride-driven remineralization measures but showed some increase in a demineralization-resistance metric.
In an in situ crossover study, adding zinc to fluoride dentifrice reduced fluoride-driven remineralization measures but showed some increase in a demineralization-resistance metric.
In an in situ crossover study, adding zinc to fluoride dentifrice reduced fluoride-driven remineralization measures but showed some increase in a demineralization-resistance metric.
Co-packaging zinc with ORS (especially with instructional messages) substantially increased adherence to zinc, ORS, and joint zinc+ORS treatment in children with diarrhea.
Co-packaging zinc with ORS (especially with instructional messages) substantially increased adherence to zinc, ORS, and joint zinc+ORS treatment in children with diarrhea.
Co-packaging zinc with ORS (especially with instructional messages) substantially increased adherence to zinc, ORS, and joint zinc+ORS treatment in children with diarrhea.
Daily zinc plus micronutrient supplementation in children improved T-cell subset ratios and shifted cytokine production toward a more pro-inflammatory (Th1) profile with increased anti-inflammatory plasma receptors.
Daily zinc plus micronutrient supplementation in children improved T-cell subset ratios and shifted cytokine production toward a more pro-inflammatory (Th1) profile with increased anti-inflammatory plasma receptors.
Daily zinc plus micronutrient supplementation in children improved T-cell subset ratios and shifted cytokine production toward a more pro-inflammatory (Th1) profile with increased anti-inflammatory plasma receptors.
In this small pilot RCT in older adults, a zinc-containing glass ionomer coating tended to have lower material fall-out but produced no significant differences in plaque attachment or failure rates versus controls at 12 months.
In this small pilot RCT in older adults, a zinc-containing glass ionomer coating tended to have lower material fall-out but produced no significant differences in plaque attachment or failure rates versus controls at 12 months.
In this small pilot RCT in older adults, a zinc-containing glass ionomer coating tended to have lower material fall-out but produced no significant differences in plaque attachment or failure rates versus controls at 12 months.
Oral zinc supplementation in hemodialysis patients increased plasma zinc, reduced Cu/Zn ratio, decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, and improved some nutritional and immune indices.
Oral zinc supplementation in hemodialysis patients increased plasma zinc, reduced Cu/Zn ratio, decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, and improved some nutritional and immune indices.
Oral zinc supplementation in hemodialysis patients increased plasma zinc, reduced Cu/Zn ratio, decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, and improved some nutritional and immune indices.
Randomized trial in 290 preschoolers: vitamin A + zinc improved height gains; multiple micronutrients yielded greater hemoglobin increases; serum zinc rose most in the vitamin A+zinc group.
Weekly or daily micronutrient supplements including zinc raised hemoglobin, serum zinc, and retinol versus placebo; growth improved only in children who were stunted at baseline.
Daily feeding with iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet did not change iron or zinc status or growth overall but raised hemoglobin in some subgroups (males and iron‑deficient children).
In infants, zinc increased risk of iron deficiency at 6 months while multivitamins reduced iron deficiency and lowered risk of severe anemia; zinc did not increase long-term anemia risk.
Pooled data from four randomized trials in SE Asia showed combined iron+zinc reduced anemia and zinc deficiency but was less effective than single-nutrient supplements due to interactions.
In a 7-month cluster-RCT of fortified rice in Burundian schoolchildren, the intervention did not significantly increase hemoglobin or reduce anemia prevalence.
In 100 adolescent girls, higher serum zinc was associated with slightly lower depression and anxiety scores.
In 100 adolescent girls, higher serum zinc was associated with slightly lower depression and anxiety scores.
In 79 primary-school children given iron, zinc, or both for 4 months, serum zinc increased with zinc supplementation; effects on ferritin differed by regimen and plasma retinol decreased across supplemented groups.
Analysis showed that acute phase responses (elevated CRP/AGP) substantially alter biomarkers of micronutrient status, inflating ferritin and distorting vitamin A and zinc indicators, which can misestimate deficiency prevalence.
Zinc supplementation increased plasma retinol and transthyretin in preschool children; RBP increase was not significant.
In 79 primary-school children given iron, zinc, or both for 4 months, serum zinc increased with zinc supplementation; effects on ferritin differed by regimen and plasma retinol decreased across supplemented groups.
In 40 obese young women randomized to 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 8 weeks, zinc raised serum and urinary zinc and reduced some inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-6) but did not change leptin or adiponectin.
In 40 obese young women randomized to 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 8 weeks, zinc raised serum and urinary zinc and reduced some inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-6) but did not change leptin or adiponectin.
In 40 obese young women randomized to 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 8 weeks, zinc raised serum and urinary zinc and reduced some inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, IL-6) but did not change leptin or adiponectin.
Two large randomized lozenge trials found zinc gluconate shortened median duration by ~1 day in experimental rhinovirus colds but zinc acetate had no effect; neither formulation affected natural colds.
Two large randomized lozenge trials found zinc gluconate shortened median duration by ~1 day in experimental rhinovirus colds but zinc acetate had no effect; neither formulation affected natural colds.
Zinc nasal gel started within 24–48 h of cold onset shortened symptom duration and reduced symptom severity compared with placebo.
Two large randomized lozenge trials found zinc gluconate shortened median duration by ~1 day in experimental rhinovirus colds but zinc acetate had no effect; neither formulation affected natural colds.
In Kenyan infants (~9 months), iron in MNP did not affect zinc absorption, but overall zinc absorption from maize-based diets was low and often below physiologic requirement.
In Kenyan infants (~9 months), iron in MNP did not affect zinc absorption, but overall zinc absorption from maize-based diets was low and often below physiologic requirement.
In children (2–24 mo) with severe lower respiratory infection, 5 days of oral zinc did not shorten time to become symptom-free or meaningfully reduce hospital stay.
In children (2–24 mo) with severe lower respiratory infection, 5 days of oral zinc did not shorten time to become symptom-free or meaningfully reduce hospital stay.
In children (2–24 mo) with severe lower respiratory infection, 5 days of oral zinc did not shorten time to become symptom-free or meaningfully reduce hospital stay.
Neonates with probable sepsis given zinc plus standard care had no significant change in mortality, hospital stay, or need for higher-line antibiotics.
In young Burkinabe children, daily preventive zinc raised plasma zinc and supplemented groups had modestly lower reported diarrhea and fever but slightly less linear growth over 16 weeks.
In young Burkinabe children, daily preventive zinc raised plasma zinc and supplemented groups had modestly lower reported diarrhea and fever but slightly less linear growth over 16 weeks.
Oral polaprezinc (zinc) at 68 mg/day improved taste sensitivity in patients with idiopathic taste disorders versus placebo.
In hospitalized COVID-19 patients with low baseline zinc, high-dose IV zinc safely increased serum zinc above the deficiency cutoff by Day 6 with minimal local infusion irritation.
In pooled infant trials, blanket zinc supplementation did not prevent overall growth faltering, but zinc reduced odds of stunting and improved length growth in anemic subgroups.
Randomized prenatal zinc supplementation trial showing offspring of zinc-supplemented mothers had greater weight and measures of lean mass through 12 months but no change in linear growth.
Randomized prenatal zinc supplementation trial showing offspring of zinc-supplemented mothers had greater weight and measures of lean mass through 12 months but no change in linear growth.
Randomized prenatal zinc supplementation trial showing offspring of zinc-supplemented mothers had greater weight and measures of lean mass through 12 months but no change in linear growth.
Randomized prenatal supplementation showing mothers receiving added zinc had higher serum and urinary zinc in late pregnancy and neonates had higher cord blood zinc.
Randomized prenatal supplementation showing mothers receiving added zinc had higher serum and urinary zinc in late pregnancy and neonates had higher cord blood zinc.
Randomized prenatal supplementation showing mothers receiving added zinc had higher serum and urinary zinc in late pregnancy and neonates had higher cord blood zinc.
Pooled analysis of four RCTs of small-quantity LNS (which include zinc among other micronutrients) showing no reduction in breastfeeding or major negative effects on feeding practices; some trials had increased feeding frequency and modest improvements in dietary diversity scores.
Pooled analysis of four RCTs of small-quantity LNS (which include zinc among other micronutrients) showing no reduction in breastfeeding or major negative effects on feeding practices; some trials had increased feeding frequency and modest improvements in dietary diversity scores.
Pooled analysis of four RCTs of small-quantity LNS (which include zinc among other micronutrients) showing no reduction in breastfeeding or major negative effects on feeding practices; some trials had increased feeding frequency and modest improvements in dietary diversity scores.
Double-blind RCT in children with severe measles and pneumonia found no additional clinical benefit from short-course zinc added to standard antibiotic and vitamin A therapy.
Double-blind RCT in children with severe measles and pneumonia found no additional clinical benefit from short-course zinc added to standard antibiotic and vitamin A therapy.
Daily 10 mg zinc given to young children in southern Nepal did not significantly reduce overall child mortality or common infections compared with placebo.
Daily 10 mg zinc given to young children in southern Nepal did not significantly reduce overall child mortality or common infections compared with placebo.
Daily 10 mg zinc given to young children in southern Nepal did not significantly reduce overall child mortality or common infections compared with placebo.
Daily zinc (3–10 mg) for 6 months raised plasma zinc in a dose-dependent manner and reduced diarrhea incidence by ~21–42% without adverse effects on copper or iron markers.
In this phase 1 trial of VLBW preterm infants, serum zinc levels fell over 21 days in both groups, and human milk additives tested did not maintain serum zinc levels.
Zinc acetate hydrate (50 mg/day) increased serum zinc more than polaprezinc (34 mg/day) in maintenance hemodialysis patients and led to a decline in serum copper.
In this phase 1 trial of VLBW preterm infants, serum zinc levels fell over 21 days in both groups, and human milk additives tested did not maintain serum zinc levels.
Probiotic-supplemented milk modestly improved growth (weight/height velocity) but had no effect on iron or zinc status in Indonesian children.
Probiotic-supplemented milk modestly improved growth (weight/height velocity) but had no effect on iron or zinc status in Indonesian children.
Short-course zinc (and vitamin A) given during hospitalisation for lower respiratory infection provided no clinical benefit and zinc was associated with higher readmission risk within 120 days.
Short-course zinc (and vitamin A) given during hospitalisation for lower respiratory infection provided no clinical benefit and zinc was associated with higher readmission risk within 120 days.
Short-course zinc (and vitamin A) given during hospitalisation for lower respiratory infection provided no clinical benefit and zinc was associated with higher readmission risk within 120 days.
In this RCT of neonates with RDS, zinc supplementation was associated with clinical and laboratory improvements by day 5 and shorter hospitalization and fewer needing mechanical ventilation.
In this RCT of neonates with RDS, zinc supplementation was associated with clinical and laboratory improvements by day 5 and shorter hospitalization and fewer needing mechanical ventilation.
In this RCT of neonates with RDS, zinc supplementation was associated with clinical and laboratory improvements by day 5 and shorter hospitalization and fewer needing mechanical ventilation.
Adding 10 mg zinc to a micronutrient powder markedly increased absorbed zinc and improved the exchangeable zinc pool in infants.
Randomized multicenter trial comparing two zinc formulations in patients with low serum zinc to test non-inferiority.
Randomized multicenter trial comparing two zinc formulations in patients with low serum zinc to test non-inferiority.
Large cluster-randomized trial: daily micronutrient Sprinkles (included zinc) plus feeding education reduced anemia and iron deficiency and increased mean serum zinc during the intervention period.
Randomized multicenter trial comparing two zinc formulations in patients with low serum zinc to test non-inferiority.
Randomized metabolic-diet study in adolescent females comparing long-term calcium supplementation versus placebo, measuring zinc balance and excretion over a 14-day metabolic period.
Analysis showed that acute phase responses (elevated CRP/AGP) substantially alter biomarkers of micronutrient status, inflating ferritin and distorting vitamin A and zinc indicators, which can misestimate deficiency prevalence.
Pregnant women taking iron-containing prenatal supplements had much lower fractional zinc absorption and lower plasma zinc than unsupplemented controls; adding zinc to prenatal supplements reduced this adverse effect.
In a crossover stable-isotope study in Kenyan preschoolers, adding ~16 g dried house crickets to maize porridge increased the amount of zinc absorbed compared with low-zinc porridge (and exceeded absorption from a high-Zn fortified meal).
Bangladeshi toddlers at risk of enteropathy had low zinc absorption; only higher MNP zinc doses (10–15 mg) produced mean absorbed zinc meeting estimated physiologic needs.
Double-blind randomized crossover trial in Gambian children measuring fractional and total zinc absorption from porridge with SQ‑LNS with vs without added phytase using isotopic tracers.
In 9-month-old breastfed infants, meat or zinc-fortified cereal provided more absorbed zinc than iron-only fortified cereal; human-milk zinc contributed <25% of needs.
Bangladeshi toddlers at risk of enteropathy had low zinc absorption; only higher MNP zinc doses (10–15 mg) produced mean absorbed zinc meeting estimated physiologic needs.
Bangladeshi toddlers at risk of enteropathy had low zinc absorption; only higher MNP zinc doses (10–15 mg) produced mean absorbed zinc meeting estimated physiologic needs.
Substituting biofortified maize increased children's zinc intake and total absorbed zinc compared with control maize, meeting requirements similarly to zinc-fortified maize.
Substituting biofortified maize increased children's zinc intake and total absorbed zinc compared with control maize, meeting requirements similarly to zinc-fortified maize.
In women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of maternal zinc supplementation increased maternal serum zinc and raised PPAR-γ and GLUT1 mRNA levels in newborn umbilical cord blood compared with placebo.
In women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of maternal zinc supplementation increased maternal serum zinc and raised PPAR-γ and GLUT1 mRNA levels in newborn umbilical cord blood compared with placebo.
In women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of maternal zinc supplementation increased maternal serum zinc and raised PPAR-γ and GLUT1 mRNA levels in newborn umbilical cord blood compared with placebo.
In young children with acute watery diarrhea, zinc (20 mg daily for 14 days) plus ORS had high adherence, did not reduce ORS use, and modestly reduced use of antibiotics/antidiarrheals.
Daily antioxidant capsule containing 20 mg zinc (among other antioxidants) for 7.5 years had no effect on fasting plasma glucose compared with placebo.
Eight weeks of daily zinc (20 mg) in obese prepubertal children reduced fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance.
Pregnant women with gestational diabetes took zinc or placebo for 6 weeks; zinc improved blood sugar control and some lipids.
Diabetic patients with foot ulcers given zinc for 12 weeks had smaller ulcers and improved blood sugar control, insulin resistance, HDL, and inflammation markers versus placebo.
Six weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in gestational diabetes improved fasting glucose, insulin-related markers and some lipid markers versus placebo.
In adults with prediabetes, 20 mg/day zinc reduced progression to type 2 diabetes and improved glycemic and some lipid measures over 12 months.
Pregnant women with gestational diabetes took zinc or placebo for 6 weeks; zinc improved blood sugar control and some lipids.
Compared girls with sickle cell disease to matched controls; lower zinc was linked to later puberty and later first menstruation.
Compared girls with sickle cell disease to matched controls; lower zinc was linked to later puberty and later first menstruation.
Preterm infants given zinc plus multivitamin grew more and had higher zinc levels and fewer illnesses over 6 weeks compared to multivitamin alone.
Preterm infants given zinc plus multivitamin grew more and had higher zinc levels and fewer illnesses over 6 weeks compared to multivitamin alone.
Randomized metabolic-diet study in adolescent females comparing long-term calcium supplementation versus placebo, measuring zinc balance and excretion over a 14-day metabolic period.
Children with nephrotic syndrome given zinc for 6 months had fewer relapses afterward compared with their pre-study rate and slightly more reduction than placebo.
Children with nephrotic syndrome given zinc for 6 months had fewer relapses afterward compared with their pre-study rate and slightly more reduction than placebo.
Children aged 1–5 years received 10 mg/day zinc for 4 months; zinc normalized serum zinc and improved hemoglobin but did not change growth measures.
Giving zinc in preschool did not change thinking, motor skills, or executive function at age 7–9.
Giving zinc in preschool did not change thinking, motor skills, or executive function at age 7–9.
Giving zinc in preschool did not change thinking, motor skills, or executive function at age 7–9.
Daily sprinkles containing multiple micronutrients (including 5 mg zinc) improved anemia recovery versus placebo but did not prevent declines in growth z-scores.
Both iron alone and iron+zinc sachets treated anemia, but adding zinc lowered anemia recovery rate and did not improve zinc status or growth.
Both iron alone and iron+zinc sachets treated anemia, but adding zinc lowered anemia recovery rate and did not improve zinc status or growth.
Zinc combined with iron (with or without vitamin A) improved growth and micronutrient status in stunted infants, whereas zinc alone worsened iron/hemoglobin markers and growth trajectory.
Zinc combined with iron (with or without vitamin A) improved growth and micronutrient status in stunted infants, whereas zinc alone worsened iron/hemoglobin markers and growth trajectory.
Zinc treatment/supplementation in children with ETEC diarrhea increased serum zinc and some innate immune markers (complement C3, phagocytosis) but reduced oxidative burst capacity.
Zinc treatment/supplementation in children with ETEC diarrhea increased serum zinc and some innate immune markers (complement C3, phagocytosis) but reduced oxidative burst capacity.
Randomized blinded trial in malnourished adults with pressure ulcers found an arginine-/zinc-/antioxidant‑enriched high-calorie formula improved ulcer area reduction versus isocaloric control over 8 weeks.
Prenatal zinc supplements in zinc‑deficient mothers were linked to more mature fetal heart rate patterns.
Prenatal zinc supplements in zinc‑deficient mothers were linked to more mature fetal heart rate patterns.
Prenatal zinc supplements in zinc‑deficient mothers were linked to more mature fetal heart rate patterns.
Different modes/amounts of oral iron did not change zinc absorption, zinc status, or growth in iron-sufficient infants.
In healthy breastfed infants, prior iron supplementation did not change zinc absorption or plasma zinc between 6 and 9 months.
Processing (hydrothermal treatment or malting) of barley increased zinc absorption from meals in healthy volunteers, while calcium absorption was unchanged.
Adding Na2EDTA to fortified rice flour increased iron and zinc absorption in schoolchildren.
Adding 20 mg zinc per day to standard treatment shortened duration of severe pneumonia and hospital stay by about one day in young children.
Perioperative zinc plus vitamin E supplementation increased plasma zinc, reduced inflammatory markers, and shortened hospital length of stay after CABG surgery.
Adding 20 mg zinc per day to standard treatment shortened duration of severe pneumonia and hospital stay by about one day in young children.
Adding 20 mg zinc per day to standard treatment shortened duration of severe pneumonia and hospital stay by about one day in young children.
Treatment with captopril or enalapril altered zinc measures: captopril increased urinary zinc loss and both drugs lowered monocyte zinc.
Treatment with captopril or enalapril altered zinc measures: captopril increased urinary zinc loss and both drugs lowered monocyte zinc.
Oral zinc supplementation in adults with HIV and persistent diarrhea did not significantly shorten diarrhea duration or increase remission.
Oral zinc supplementation in adults with HIV and persistent diarrhea did not significantly shorten diarrhea duration or increase remission.
Ten-week feeding trial found no significant differences in fractional or total absorbed zinc between low-phytate and control maize groups.
In a 3-month randomized double-blind trial, daily 30 mg iron plus 30 mg zinc improved hemoglobin, total body iron and serum zinc versus placebo in women of childbearing age.
In 40 men with type 2 diabetes and normal zinc status, high-dose zinc raised serum zinc but did not change oxidative damage markers or vascular function over 3 months.
In 40 men with type 2 diabetes and normal zinc status, high-dose zinc raised serum zinc but did not change oxidative damage markers or vascular function over 3 months.
Thai schoolchildren given zinc plus multivitamins (which included vitamin D) for 6 months had greater height gain than placebo.
In growth-retarded preschool children, zinc (±calcium) supplementation increased annual height gain, vitamin A-containing regimens improved weight gain, and supplementation reduced days of illness.
In growth-retarded preschool children, zinc (±calcium) supplementation increased annual height gain, vitamin A-containing regimens improved weight gain, and supplementation reduced days of illness.
Two weeks of zinc given during acute diarrhea in infants under 6 months did not improve growth or reduce infections and was associated with more days of diarrhea.
Two weeks of zinc given during acute diarrhea in infants under 6 months did not improve growth or reduce infections and was associated with more days of diarrhea.
Two weeks of zinc given during acute diarrhea in infants under 6 months did not improve growth or reduce infections and was associated with more days of diarrhea.
Thirty milligrams of zinc daily for 4 weeks lowered insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA) in obese women but did not change leptin or BMI.
Thirty milligrams of zinc daily for 4 weeks lowered insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA) in obese women but did not change leptin or BMI.
Thirty milligrams of zinc daily for 4 weeks lowered insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA) in obese women but did not change leptin or BMI.
Two-week zinc (20 mg/d) during acute diarrhoea improved subsequent linear growth and reduced diarrhoea and respiratory episodes in malnourished subgroups over 8 weeks.
Short-term zinc (with/without vitamin A) did not affect weight or length gains over 6 months in undernourished children.
Low birth weight infants given daily zinc had greater weight, length and head circumference gains by 6 months compared with placebo.
Short-term zinc (with/without vitamin A) did not affect weight or length gains over 6 months in undernourished children.
Daily cashew consumption for 12 weeks in adolescents with obesity reduced plasma copper and increased erythrocyte SOD activity; plasma zinc increased across both groups (likely influenced by counseling).
Four months of 10 mg/day zinc in infants raised plasma zinc but did not change plasma copper or hematological markers of copper status.
Four months of 10 mg/day zinc in infants raised plasma zinc but did not change plasma copper or hematological markers of copper status.
In a large randomized trial, high-dose zinc supplementation increased hospital admissions for genitourinary problems, including UTIs and urinary retention/stone events.
In a large randomized trial, high-dose zinc supplementation increased hospital admissions for genitourinary problems, including UTIs and urinary retention/stone events.
In a large randomized trial, high-dose zinc supplementation increased hospital admissions for genitourinary problems, including UTIs and urinary retention/stone events.
In preschool children, zinc (alone or with iron) reduced episodes of illness and diarrhea but did not change growth or body composition over 12 months.
In preschool children, zinc (alone or with iron) reduced episodes of illness and diarrhea but did not change growth or body composition over 12 months.
In preschool children, zinc (alone or with iron) reduced episodes of illness and diarrhea but did not change growth or body composition over 12 months.
Men receiving D-aspartic acid + ubiquinol + 10 mg zinc daily for 3 months showed improved progressive sperm motility and higher total testosterone versus placebo.
Randomized clinical observation: Jingling oral liquid increased pregnancy rates and improved semen parameters including higher seminal zinc and SOD.
In obese young women, 30 mg/day zinc for 8 weeks increased leukocyte expression of zinc transporter genes ZnT1 and ZnT5.
In obese young women, 30 mg/day zinc for 8 weeks increased leukocyte expression of zinc transporter genes ZnT1 and ZnT5.
In formula-fed infants, early versus later introduction of complementary foods did not affect serum zinc concentrations or zinc status at 12, 24, or 36 months.
Zinc nasal gel started within 24 hours of onset significantly shortened duration of common cold symptoms compared with placebo.
Zinc lozenges shortened the duration of common cold symptoms but caused more bad taste and nausea.
In pre-diabetic adults given 30 mg/day zinc for 12 months, there was no significant effect on primary endpoints (HbA1c and fasting blood glucose) at 6 months; some secondary HOMA measures showed changes at later timepoints.
In pre-diabetic adults given 30 mg/day zinc for 12 months, there was no significant effect on primary endpoints (HbA1c and fasting blood glucose) at 6 months; some secondary HOMA measures showed changes at later timepoints.
In pre-diabetic adults given 30 mg/day zinc for 12 months, there was no significant effect on primary endpoints (HbA1c and fasting blood glucose) at 6 months; some secondary HOMA measures showed changes at later timepoints.
In patients with scalp psoriasis, a supramolecular active zinc antidandruff conditioner improved disease control at 4 weeks vs placebo and was similar to calcipotriol.
In digestive-tract cancer patients on chemotherapy, oral selenium plus zinc prevented further worsening of nutritional parameters and reduced asthenia/increased appetite compared with no supplement.
In digestive-tract cancer patients on chemotherapy, oral selenium plus zinc prevented further worsening of nutritional parameters and reduced asthenia/increased appetite compared with no supplement.
After 10 days of zinc treatment for acute diarrhoea, continuing zinc for 3 months reduced subsequent diarrhoea incidence compared with placebo but did not affect ARI or growth.
After 10 days of zinc treatment for acute diarrhoea, continuing zinc for 3 months reduced subsequent diarrhoea incidence compared with placebo but did not affect ARI or growth.
After 10 days of zinc treatment for acute diarrhoea, continuing zinc for 3 months reduced subsequent diarrhoea incidence compared with placebo but did not affect ARI or growth.
Weekly oral zinc reduced pneumonia episodes and slightly reduced diarrhea incidence and reduced deaths in young children in this urban Bangladesh trial.
Among nursing-home residents, normal serum zinc was associated with lower pneumonia incidence, shorter illness duration, fewer antibiotic prescriptions, and lower mortality.
Daily zinc increased plasma zinc and reduced pneumonia incidence in young children but did not change overall acute lower respiratory tract infection rates.
Daily zinc increased plasma zinc and reduced pneumonia incidence in young children but did not change overall acute lower respiratory tract infection rates.
High-dose zinc in pregnancy increased newborn head circumference but did not significantly change birth weight or gestational age.
Prenatal zinc supplementation produced a small increase in newborn length but had no effect on birth weight, neonatal morbidity, or mortality.
Maternal zinc supplementation (30 mg/d in last two trimesters) did not improve birth weight, gestational age, or other newborn anthropometric outcomes.
High-dose zinc in pregnancy increased newborn head circumference but did not significantly change birth weight or gestational age.
Randomized double-blind trial in pregnant women: micronutrient supplement raised maternal vitamin levels, was associated with 10% higher birth weights and fewer low-birth-weight infants; maternal plasma zinc correlated with newborn height.
Adding 15 mg/day zinc from 16 weeks gestation to routine iron/folic acid did not improve birth weight or other measured pregnancy outcomes.
Adding zinc to prenatal iron–folate supplements did not change pregnancy length or newborn size in this Peruvian cohort.
High-dose zinc in pregnancy increased newborn head circumference but did not significantly change birth weight or gestational age.
Oral zinc supplementation (15 or 30 mg/day) did not change positive or negative affect in healthy older adults over 6 months.
Oral zinc supplementation (15 or 30 mg/day) did not change positive or negative affect in healthy older adults over 6 months.
Short-course zinc sulfate taken at menses reduced menstrual pain severity over multiple cycles and decreased the proportion reporting academic impact.
Short-course zinc sulfate taken at menses reduced menstrual pain severity over multiple cycles and decreased the proportion reporting academic impact.
Short-course zinc sulfate taken at menses reduced menstrual pain severity over multiple cycles and decreased the proportion reporting academic impact.
Topical regular crystalline insulin (contains zinc) and aqueous zinc chloride both improved uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing compared with saline control.
Topical regular crystalline insulin (contains zinc) and aqueous zinc chloride both improved uncomplicated cutaneous wound healing compared with saline control.
Zinc (70 mg/day elemental) prevented worsening of fatigue and preserved quality of life during early chemotherapy after colorectal cancer surgery; plasma zinc rose.
Zinc (70 mg/day elemental) prevented worsening of fatigue and preserved quality of life during early chemotherapy after colorectal cancer surgery; plasma zinc rose.
Reducing dietary phytate (corn-soy diet) increased zinc absorption in children recovering from tuberculosis but had no effect in well children.
Polaprezinc (zinc agent) improved measurable taste thresholds versus placebo at 8 weeks; overall responder-rate difference was not significant except in a predefined subgroup (non-depressed with complete taste impairment).
Polaprezinc (zinc agent) improved measurable taste thresholds versus placebo at 8 weeks; overall responder-rate difference was not significant except in a predefined subgroup (non-depressed with complete taste impairment).
Polaprezinc (zinc agent) improved measurable taste thresholds versus placebo at 8 weeks; overall responder-rate difference was not significant except in a predefined subgroup (non-depressed with complete taste impairment).
Six-month consumption of marginally higher-zinc biofortified wheat did not produce meaningful differences in plasma zinc status vs low-zinc wheat, but was associated with reduced days with pneumonia and vomiting in children and reduced days with fever in women.
Six-month consumption of marginally higher-zinc biofortified wheat did not produce meaningful differences in plasma zinc status vs low-zinc wheat, but was associated with reduced days with pneumonia and vomiting in children and reduced days with fever in women.
Six-month consumption of marginally higher-zinc biofortified wheat did not produce meaningful differences in plasma zinc status vs low-zinc wheat, but was associated with reduced days with pneumonia and vomiting in children and reduced days with fever in women.
Phone-call reminders (days 3 and 7) increased caregivers' adherence to zinc therapy and combined ORS+zinc adherence for pediatric acute diarrhea compared with standard care.
Phone-call reminders (days 3 and 7) increased caregivers' adherence to zinc therapy and combined ORS+zinc adherence for pediatric acute diarrhea compared with standard care.
Phone-call reminders (days 3 and 7) increased caregivers' adherence to zinc therapy and combined ORS+zinc adherence for pediatric acute diarrhea compared with standard care.
Providing red meat or fortified toddler milk raised dietary zinc intake modestly (~+0.7–0.8 mg/day) but did not change serum or hair zinc concentrations in toddlers over 20 weeks.
Graves' disease patients treated with methimazole were given antioxidant supplements (no zinc in the supplement) and erythrocyte SOD, Cu, Zn and total antioxidant status were followed for 60 days.
Small randomized trial in colorectal cancer patients; zinc raised SOD, lowered GPx at one timepoint, and preserved vitamin E but did not change lipid-peroxidation markers.
Small randomized trial in colorectal cancer patients; zinc raised SOD, lowered GPx at one timepoint, and preserved vitamin E but did not change lipid-peroxidation markers.
Small randomized trial in colorectal cancer patients; zinc raised SOD, lowered GPx at one timepoint, and preserved vitamin E but did not change lipid-peroxidation markers.
In burned children, combined vitamin C+E+zinc lowered lipid peroxidation and sped wound healing compared with placebo.
14-month double-blind trial in preschool children showed modest growth benefit in boys (about +0.9 cm) with zinc supplementation; overall effects small.
14-month double-blind trial in preschool children showed modest growth benefit in boys (about +0.9 cm) with zinc supplementation; overall effects small.
Cross-sectional analysis found a high prevalence (31.3%) of biochemical zinc deficiency in healthy 1–3-year-old children in Western Europe.
Overweight/obese adults given 30 mg zinc daily for 12 weeks had higher blood zinc and BDNF and felt less depressed than those on placebo.
Overweight/obese adults given 30 mg zinc daily for 12 weeks had higher blood zinc and BDNF and felt less depressed than those on placebo.
Children whose mothers received prenatal zinc did not differ at 4.5 years in cognitive, language, social or behavioral tests compared with controls.
Children whose mothers received prenatal zinc did not differ at 4.5 years in cognitive, language, social or behavioral tests compared with controls.
Children whose mothers received prenatal zinc did not differ at 4.5 years in cognitive, language, social or behavioral tests compared with controls.
Young women given multivitamin plus 7 mg zinc daily for 10 weeks showed reduced anger and depression scores and higher serum zinc versus multivitamin alone.
Young women given multivitamin plus 7 mg zinc daily for 10 weeks showed reduced anger and depression scores and higher serum zinc versus multivitamin alone.
In 60 children, NaFeEDTA- or FeSO4-fortified soy sauce did not change fractional zinc absorption or total zinc absorption compared with non-fortified soy sauce.
In a randomized crossover isotope study, zinc-biofortified potatoes provided ~22.5% more total absorbed zinc per meal than regular potatoes despite a lower fractional absorption.
Daily 5 mg zinc for 12 months in infants (6–12 mo start) reduced episodes of upper respiratory infections and acute diarrhoea versus no supplement.
Daily 5 mg zinc for 12 months in infants (6–12 mo start) reduced episodes of upper respiratory infections and acute diarrhoea versus no supplement.
In healthy middle-aged and older adults, 15–30 mg/day zinc for 6 months did not change oxidative stress markers, though Cu/Zn SOD activity increased.
In healthy middle-aged and older adults, 15–30 mg/day zinc for 6 months did not change oxidative stress markers, though Cu/Zn SOD activity increased.
Daily zinc improved growth, weight and reduced infections in supplemented stunted infants over 6 months.
Daily zinc improved growth, weight and reduced infections in supplemented stunted infants over 6 months.
Six weeks of zinc raised serum zinc but did not change IGF-1 or bone turnover markers in peripubertal girls.
Six weeks of zinc raised serum zinc but did not change IGF-1 or bone turnover markers in peripubertal girls.
Single-dose crossover PK study in healthy males found the new iron+zinc tablet bioequivalent to reference for zinc metrics.
Single-dose crossover PK study in healthy males found the new iron+zinc tablet bioequivalent to reference for zinc metrics.
Single-dose crossover PK study in healthy males found the new iron+zinc tablet bioequivalent to reference for zinc metrics.
Ten weeks of 15 mg/day zinc syrup reduced parent-rated prevalence of attention deficit and hyperactivity in low-income primary-school children, with no change in teacher ratings.
Ten weeks of 15 mg/day zinc syrup reduced parent-rated prevalence of attention deficit and hyperactivity in low-income primary-school children, with no change in teacher ratings.
Ten weeks of 15 mg/day zinc syrup reduced parent-rated prevalence of attention deficit and hyperactivity in low-income primary-school children, with no change in teacher ratings.
Daily 5 mg zinc induced limited changes in infant blood metabolome (several metabolites in amino acid, lipid, nucleotide pathways), while age drove larger changes.
Daily 5 mg zinc induced limited changes in infant blood metabolome (several metabolites in amino acid, lipid, nucleotide pathways), while age drove larger changes.
Daily 5 mg zinc induced limited changes in infant blood metabolome (several metabolites in amino acid, lipid, nucleotide pathways), while age drove larger changes.
ORS with added L. reuteri and zinc showed trends toward faster recovery but did not significantly outperform ORS alone in well-nourished non-hospitalized infants with mild acute diarrhoea.
ORS with added L. reuteri and zinc showed trends toward faster recovery but did not significantly outperform ORS alone in well-nourished non-hospitalized infants with mild acute diarrhoea.
ORS with added L. reuteri and zinc showed trends toward faster recovery but did not significantly outperform ORS alone in well-nourished non-hospitalized infants with mild acute diarrhoea.
In overweight/obese NAFLD patients on a calorie-restriction diet, 30 mg/day zinc for 12 weeks improved insulin resistance and oxidative stress markers but did not improve lipid profile beyond diet.
Three months of combined myo-inositol and zinc (with GOS) did not improve HOMA-IR overall but modestly improved HDL and showed reduced fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in a severe-obesity subgroup.
Eight weeks of daily zinc (20 mg) in obese prepubertal children reduced fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance.
In overweight/obese NAFLD patients on a calorie-restriction diet, 30 mg/day zinc for 12 weeks improved insulin resistance and oxidative stress markers but did not improve lipid profile beyond diet.
In overweight/obese NAFLD patients on a calorie-restriction diet, 30 mg/day zinc for 12 weeks improved insulin resistance and oxidative stress markers but did not improve lipid profile beyond diet.
Twelve weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in women with PCOS reduced hirsutism and some inflammation/oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity.
In pregnant women at risk for IUGR, 30 mg/day zinc for 10 weeks reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and lowered insulin; no effect on uterine artery PI.
In overweight/obese NAFLD patients on a calorie-restriction diet, 30 mg/day zinc for 12 weeks improved insulin resistance and oxidative stress markers but did not improve lipid profile beyond diet.
Zinc (100 mg/day) for 2 months increased blood zinc and antioxidant markers and reduced lipid peroxidation in hemodialysis patients.
In children with atopic dermatitis and low hair zinc, oral zinc raised hair zinc and improved eczema severity, skin barrier function, and itch.
In children with atopic dermatitis and low hair zinc, oral zinc raised hair zinc and improved eczema severity, skin barrier function, and itch.
In children with atopic dermatitis and low hair zinc, oral zinc raised hair zinc and improved eczema severity, skin barrier function, and itch.
Daily supplements (iron/folic acid ± zinc) shortened time to unassisted walking and improved hemoglobin and zinc protoporphyrin in at-risk infants.
Daily supplements (iron/folic acid ± zinc) shortened time to unassisted walking and improved hemoglobin and zinc protoporphyrin in at-risk infants.
Fortified porridge improved anemia, iron and selenium status in Zambian infants but did not significantly raise overall serum zinc.
Daily supplements (iron/folic acid ± zinc) shortened time to unassisted walking and improved hemoglobin and zinc protoporphyrin in at-risk infants.
Six months of zinc‑fortified rice increased serum zinc, lowered zinc deficiency prevalence, and (for NutriRice) increased serum folate in Cambodian schoolchildren.
Cluster RCT sub-study in infants aged 6–12 months: 4 months of daily supplementation (MNP, syrup, or fortified food) increased serum zinc in all groups, with syrup showing the largest increase; MNP reduced anemia prevalence.
Ten-week zinc- and micronutrient-rich food or ayurvedic zinc supplements increased plasma zinc and reduced zinc deficiency prevalence in adolescent girls.
Between 2002 and 2012 zinc status in rural Chinese schoolchildren improved markedly (higher serum zinc, lower prevalence of deficiency and stunting).
A 22-week school-based multiple micronutrient supplement (including zinc 10 mg/day) increased plasma zinc and reduced zinc deficiency prevalence in 6–9-year-old children.
Ten-week zinc- and micronutrient-rich food or ayurvedic zinc supplements increased plasma zinc and reduced zinc deficiency prevalence in adolescent girls.
Children with growth hormone deficiency receiving calcium + vitamin D (with or without zinc) had large increases in bone mineral content and bone area over one year.
Children with growth hormone deficiency receiving calcium + vitamin D (with or without zinc) had large increases in bone mineral content and bone area over one year.
Daily zinc (5 mg) for 5 months was associated with slightly lower mental development scores in a subsample of Bangladeshi infants.
Infants counseled to eat red meat more frequently from 6–12 months had higher meat intake and improved haemoglobin/hematocrit but no change in zinc status or linear growth at 12 months.
Substudy of AREDS (717 participants): 5 years of zinc oxide supplementation increased serum zinc (~17% median) versus ~2% in non-zinc groups, with no significant long-term effects on hematocrit, copper, or lipids.
In 60 children, NaFeEDTA- or FeSO4-fortified soy sauce did not change fractional zinc absorption or total zinc absorption compared with non-fortified soy sauce.
Large randomized trial: therapeutic zinc for diarrhea shortened duration and reduced subsequent diarrhea incidence in children >18 months; preventive zinc or MNP did not reduce diarrhea incidence or duration overall, though preventive zinc increased plasma zinc status.
Large randomized trial: therapeutic zinc for diarrhea shortened duration and reduced subsequent diarrhea incidence in children >18 months; preventive zinc or MNP did not reduce diarrhea incidence or duration overall, though preventive zinc increased plasma zinc status.
Large randomized trial: therapeutic zinc for diarrhea shortened duration and reduced subsequent diarrhea incidence in children >18 months; preventive zinc or MNP did not reduce diarrhea incidence or duration overall, though preventive zinc increased plasma zinc status.
Among hospital-born term low-birth-weight infants, zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc by 12 months but did not change diarrhea or lower respiratory infection prevalence or growth; care-seeking was lower at 9 months.
Among hospital-born term low-birth-weight infants, zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc by 12 months but did not change diarrhea or lower respiratory infection prevalence or growth; care-seeking was lower at 9 months.
Among hospital-born term low-birth-weight infants, zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc by 12 months but did not change diarrhea or lower respiratory infection prevalence or growth; care-seeking was lower at 9 months.
In children hospitalized with acute diarrhoea, zinc bisglycinate (15 mg) reduced time to recovery, stool frequency, and duration of IV fluid therapy compared with placebo.
In children hospitalized with acute diarrhoea, zinc bisglycinate (15 mg) reduced time to recovery, stool frequency, and duration of IV fluid therapy compared with placebo.
In children hospitalized with acute diarrhoea, zinc bisglycinate (15 mg) reduced time to recovery, stool frequency, and duration of IV fluid therapy compared with placebo.
In hospitalized children with acute diarrhea, replacing ORS with zinc-containing ORS did not reduce stool output or time to recovery compared with standard ORS, likely due to inadequate zinc intake after day 1.
In malnourished young children with acute diarrhea, zinc supplementation tended to reduce stool output and duration and increased serum zinc and weight gain.
In hospitalized dehydrated young children, adding zinc to oral rehydration reduced stool amount and shortened diarrheal illness.
In hospitalized dehydrated young children, adding zinc to oral rehydration reduced stool amount and shortened diarrheal illness.
In hospitalized dehydrated young children, adding zinc to oral rehydration reduced stool amount and shortened diarrheal illness.
This study tested zinc (not vitamin D); zinc supplementation modestly increased 25‑OH‑D3 levels in postmenopausal women.
This study tested zinc (not vitamin D); zinc supplementation modestly increased 25‑OH‑D3 levels in postmenopausal women.
In young patients with thalassemia and low bone mass, zinc supplementation increased whole-body bone mass and areal bone density over 18 months.
In young patients with thalassemia and low bone mass, zinc supplementation increased whole-body bone mass and areal bone density over 18 months.
In children with falciparum malaria, plasma zinc was often low and inversely related to inflammation; zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc from admission to 72 hours.
In children with falciparum malaria, plasma zinc was often low and inversely related to inflammation; zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc from admission to 72 hours.
Zinc improved development and hand-eye coordination in undernourished children, effects were stronger when combined with psychosocial stimulation; zinc reduced diarrhea but did not improve growth.
Zinc improved development and hand-eye coordination in undernourished children, effects were stronger when combined with psychosocial stimulation; zinc reduced diarrhea but did not improve growth.
Zinc improved development and hand-eye coordination in undernourished children, effects were stronger when combined with psychosocial stimulation; zinc reduced diarrhea but did not improve growth.
Supplementing underweight infants with LNS or CSB increased nutrient intakes; LNS increased total energy and protein more than control.
Four weeks of lipid-based nutritional supplement improved energy intake, weight and iron status in moderately malnourished children but did not change zinc levels.
Zinc supplementation increased plasma retinol and transthyretin in preschool children; RBP increase was not significant.
Zinc supplementation increased plasma retinol and transthyretin in preschool children; RBP increase was not significant.
Prenatal zinc supplementation did not improve postnatal growth up to 24 months compared with placebo; vitamin A had small effects versus some supplement groups but not versus placebo.
Comparative analyses of neighboring trials found that small-quantity LNS—but not the zinc supplementation regimens used—was associated with improved linear growth (LAZ, WAZ) in infants aged ≈9–15 months.
Prenatal zinc supplementation did not improve postnatal growth up to 24 months compared with placebo; vitamin A had small effects versus some supplement groups but not versus placebo.
2400 Tanzanian infants were randomized to zinc, multivitamins, zinc+multivitamins, or placebo from 6 weeks and followed 18 months; combined Zn+MV modestly reduced weight-for-age decline but zinc alone did not reduce stunting/wasting/underweight incidence.
Prenatal zinc supplementation did not improve postnatal growth up to 24 months compared with placebo; vitamin A had small effects versus some supplement groups but not versus placebo.
Zinc supplementation corrected low serum zinc levels but did not improve clinical outcomes such as illness scores, hospital stay, or ventilation duration in infants with severe pneumonia.
Maternal zinc supplementation (30 mg/d in last two trimesters) did not improve birth weight, gestational age, or other newborn anthropometric outcomes.
Maternal zinc supplementation (30 mg/d in last two trimesters) did not improve birth weight, gestational age, or other newborn anthropometric outcomes.
Cluster-randomized trial in 6–24 month children comparing rice-based fortified complementary food, sprinkle powder (both containing iron+zinc), or education only for 6 months; fortified complementary food increased haemoglobin and reduced anemia but did not affect linear growth.
Infants counseled to eat red meat more frequently from 6–12 months had higher meat intake and improved haemoglobin/hematocrit but no change in zinc status or linear growth at 12 months.
Adding vitamin A and zinc to standard iron therapy improved haemoglobin and some iron measures more than iron alone in anaemic women.
Adding vitamin A and zinc to standard iron therapy improved haemoglobin and some iron measures more than iron alone in anaemic women.
Processing (hydrothermal treatment or malting) of barley increased zinc absorption from meals in healthy volunteers, while calcium absorption was unchanged.
Daily zinc supplementation for 24 weeks reduced physical and psychological premenstrual symptoms in female university students compared to placebo.
Daily zinc supplementation for 24 weeks reduced physical and psychological premenstrual symptoms in female university students compared to placebo.
In Gambian children with severe pneumonia, adding short-term zinc to standard antibiotic care did not reduce treatment failure but modestly sped recovery of two chest signs.
In Gambian children with severe pneumonia, adding short-term zinc to standard antibiotic care did not reduce treatment failure but modestly sped recovery of two chest signs.
In Gambian children with severe pneumonia, adding short-term zinc to standard antibiotic care did not reduce treatment failure but modestly sped recovery of two chest signs.
Adding zinc to prenatal iron–folate supplements did not change pregnancy length or newborn size in this Peruvian cohort.
In Guatemalan infants 6–12 months old, daily low-dose zinc supplementation or low-phytate maize did not improve linear growth or anthropometric Z-scores.
In Guatemalan infants 6–12 months old, daily low-dose zinc supplementation or low-phytate maize did not improve linear growth or anthropometric Z-scores.
In rural Indian children, either daily or weekly zinc supplementation for 16 weeks reduced the proportion and incidence of diarrhoeal episodes compared with placebo.
In rural Indian children, either daily or weekly zinc supplementation for 16 weeks reduced the proportion and incidence of diarrhoeal episodes compared with placebo.
Six months of zinc supplementation did not change behavioral scores versus placebo, though increases in serum zinc were associated with small decreases in internalizing symptoms.
Six months of zinc supplementation did not change behavioral scores versus placebo, though increases in serum zinc were associated with small decreases in internalizing symptoms.
In older European adults, zinc supplementation (30 mg) modestly improved salt taste acuity in one study site but did not affect other taste qualities overall.
In older European adults, zinc supplementation (30 mg) modestly improved salt taste acuity in one study site but did not affect other taste qualities overall.
Very low birth weight infants received fortified human milk with or without trace elements; study focused on multiple minerals and growth, not iodine effects.
Daily fortified milk for 27 days increased dietary zinc intake and blood zinc in adolescent girls.
A 4-month RCT sending weekly SMS to caregivers increased some infant nutrient intakes; infants in the SMS feeding-practices group had higher protein, calcium, zinc and grain intake at 4–6 months.
Supplementing underweight infants with LNS or CSB increased nutrient intakes; LNS increased total energy and protein more than control.
Providing a daily animal-source snack for 6 months markedly reduced the prevalence of low zinc intake among women and improved several micronutrient intakes/status markers.
Daily fortified milk for 27 days increased dietary zinc intake and blood zinc in adolescent girls.
14 days of zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc but did not improve weight gain or speed recovery from diarrhea in hospitalized malnourished children.
100 mg/day elemental zinc for 3 months raised plasma zinc but did not improve nutritional status measures in CAPD patients.
16 weeks of zinc (45 or 90 mg/day) increased circulating zinc and was associated with modest reductions in inflammatory biomarkers in ART-treated people living with HIV.
Daily 10 mg zinc for 5 months increased weight and height, raised circulating IGF-I, and reduced episodes of diarrhea and respiratory infections in growth-retarded children.
Four weeks of lipid-based nutritional supplement improved energy intake, weight and iron status in moderately malnourished children but did not change zinc levels.
In lead-exposed first graders, 6 months of zinc (alone or with iron) produced no consistent improvements in parent- or teacher-rated behavior.
In lead-exposed first graders, 6 months of zinc (alone or with iron) produced no consistent improvements in parent- or teacher-rated behavior.
In lead-exposed first graders, 6 months of zinc (alone or with iron) produced no consistent improvements in parent- or teacher-rated behavior.
Preterm infants fed a nutrient-enriched formula (higher protein, Ca, P, and zinc) had greater linear growth, bone mineral content, and lean mass by 3 months corrected age compared with standard formula.
Infants born small for gestational age who received daily zinc showed greater weight and length gains over the first 6 months versus placebo.
Intranasal zinc gluconate did not prevent rhinovirus infection or reduce cold symptoms after experimental inoculation.
Intranasal zinc gluconate did not prevent rhinovirus infection or reduce cold symptoms after experimental inoculation.
Intranasal zinc gluconate did not prevent rhinovirus infection or reduce cold symptoms after experimental inoculation.
In patients receiving head/neck radiotherapy, oral zinc supplementation appeared to prevent some oropharyngeal infections (notably Candida and staphylococci).
In patients receiving head/neck radiotherapy, oral zinc supplementation appeared to prevent some oropharyngeal infections (notably Candida and staphylococci).
In patients receiving head/neck radiotherapy, oral zinc supplementation appeared to prevent some oropharyngeal infections (notably Candida and staphylococci).
Weekly or daily micronutrient supplements including zinc raised hemoglobin, serum zinc, and retinol versus placebo; growth improved only in children who were stunted at baseline.
Sprinkles provided measurable absorbed zinc (dose‑dependent total absorbed) and did not affect iron absorption in young children.
20 mg zinc daily for 2 months had no effect on iron absorption or iron status in non‑anemic Chilean women.
Adding Na2EDTA to fortified rice flour increased iron and zinc absorption in schoolchildren.
Zinc given during acute diarrhoea shortened episodes and substantially reduced the risk of prolonged diarrhoea in young children.
Two-week zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc by day 14 but did not significantly shorten diarrhoea duration or reduce severity or incidence versus control.
Zinc given during acute diarrhoea shortened episodes and substantially reduced the risk of prolonged diarrhoea in young children.
Adjunctive zinc shortened pneumonia resolution time, reduced fever duration, and shortened hospital stays in children with pneumonia.
Adjunctive zinc shortened pneumonia resolution time, reduced fever duration, and shortened hospital stays in children with pneumonia.
Adjunctive zinc shortened pneumonia resolution time, reduced fever duration, and shortened hospital stays in children with pneumonia.
H. pylori infection reduced iron absorption from fortified bread; ferrous sulfate was absorbed much better than ferrous fumarate.
H. pylori infection reduced iron absorption from fortified bread; ferrous sulfate was absorbed much better than ferrous fumarate.
Intravenous trace element supplementation including zinc increased zinc in burned skin and reduced local skin protein breakdown but did not change whole-body metabolism.
Intravenous trace element supplementation including zinc increased zinc in burned skin and reduced local skin protein breakdown but did not change whole-body metabolism.
Intravenous trace element supplementation including zinc increased zinc in burned skin and reduced local skin protein breakdown but did not change whole-body metabolism.
Children given a mixture (Lactobacillus GG + vitamins B/C + zinc) had fewer nosocomial infections, less diarrhoea, and shorter hospital stays than placebo.
In young Burkinabe children, adding 5 or 10 mg zinc to daily SQ-LNS or giving a 5 mg zinc tablet did not reduce diarrhoea, malaria, fever, or respiratory infections compared with SQ-LNS without added zinc.
Daily zinc-containing sprinkles did not significantly reduce diarrhoea or respiratory infections in institutionalized young children over 90 days.
Large community randomized trial comparing zinc formulations/doses found no effect on diarrhea incidence, and a modest improvement in linear growth (smaller decline in LAZ) with the daily high‑zinc/low‑iron MNP formulation.
Daily zinc-containing sprinkles did not significantly reduce diarrhoea or respiratory infections in institutionalized young children over 90 days.
Short‑term low‑level zinc (total ~40 mg/d) did not change lipids, blood clotting markers, or copper status in healthy men.
Short‑term low‑level zinc (total ~40 mg/d) did not change lipids, blood clotting markers, or copper status in healthy men.
Short‑term low‑level zinc (total ~40 mg/d) did not change lipids, blood clotting markers, or copper status in healthy men.
20 mg zinc daily for 2 months had no effect on iron absorption or iron status in non‑anemic Chilean women.
6 months of 15–30 mg/day zinc raised serum and urinary zinc with no major overall adverse effects on iron, copper status or lipids, though 30 mg/day showed some age/sex‑dependent changes.
In this large trial, prenatal zinc supplementation (~44 mg total per day) produced no measurable benefits for mother or baby on the reported outcomes.
In a small crossover trial ZA (contains zinc) increased growth velocity in a subset of prepubertal children with low growth velocity.
Sprinkles provided measurable absorbed zinc (dose‑dependent total absorbed) and did not affect iron absorption in young children.
Sprinkles provided measurable absorbed zinc (dose‑dependent total absorbed) and did not affect iron absorption in young children.
Zinc+arginine toothpastes used twice daily reduced mouth bacteria across multiple sites after regular use.
Adding zinc to standard malaria treatment raised blood zinc but did not improve fever reduction, parasite clearance, or hemoglobin.
Adding zinc to standard malaria treatment raised blood zinc but did not improve fever reduction, parasite clearance, or hemoglobin.
Daily consumption of low-dose, highly bioavailable zinc-fortified filtered water increased children's blood zinc and reduced zinc deficiency but did not change diarrhea or growth.
Zinc given with antibiotics did not reduce treatment failure or speed recovery from pneumonia but increased short-term regurgitation/vomiting.
Zinc given with antibiotics did not reduce treatment failure or speed recovery from pneumonia but increased short-term regurgitation/vomiting.
Zinc given with antibiotics did not reduce treatment failure or speed recovery from pneumonia but increased short-term regurgitation/vomiting.
Sprinkles and Foodlets improved infants' zinc status more than Drops, but there was no benefit for growth or vitamin A/D status.
Sprinkles and Foodlets improved infants' zinc status more than Drops, but there was no benefit for growth or vitamin A/D status.
Postmenopausal osteoporotic women took zinc or placebo for 60 days; zinc raised serum zinc but did not change serum calcium.
Children with ADHD on methylphenidate received zinc or placebo for 6 weeks; zinc augmentation improved inattention but not total, hyperactivity, or impulsivity scores.
Randomized double-blind trial in 100 low-birth-weight infants: daily 5 mg elemental zinc from birth to 1 year reduced diarrhea episodes and improved weight/linear growth at 1 year.
Children 6–35 months received daily zinc or control for 6 months; zinc reduced diarrheal episodes and days in children older than 11 months, especially boys.
Children 6–35 months received daily zinc or control for 6 months; zinc reduced diarrheal episodes and days in children older than 11 months, especially boys.
Children with persistent diarrhea received zinc (20 mg) +/- other micronutrients or placebo for 2 weeks; zinc raised plasma zinc and shortened diarrheal duration in some groups.
A 3-week double-blind trial in adults found a dentifrice containing zinc plus arginine produced substantially greater overnight breath odor reduction than a regular fluoride dentifrice.
Nested substudy of a prenatal trial in The Gambia: maternal supplementation affected maternal zinc status and was associated with altered placental expression of zinc transporter genes.
Nested substudy of a prenatal trial in The Gambia: maternal supplementation affected maternal zinc status and was associated with altered placental expression of zinc transporter genes.
Nested substudy of a prenatal trial in The Gambia: maternal supplementation affected maternal zinc status and was associated with altered placental expression of zinc transporter genes.
In a 6-month randomized double-blind trial, oral zinc (1 mg/kg/day) produced a seizure frequency reduction in a subset of treated children with intractable epilepsy.
Four weeks of daily 9 mg zinc had no effect on insulin secretion or insulin resistance in healthy 9–11‑year‑old girls.
Four weeks of daily 9 mg zinc had no effect on insulin secretion or insulin resistance in healthy 9–11‑year‑old girls.
Four weeks of daily 9 mg zinc had no effect on insulin secretion or insulin resistance in healthy 9–11‑year‑old girls.
Weekly low-dose zinc (20 mg) alone or with iron from 6–12 months did not affect infant weight or length gain in this population.
Weekly low-dose zinc (20 mg) alone or with iron from 6–12 months did not affect infant weight or length gain in this population.
Topical zinc‑aluminium ointment significantly improved fecal incontinence scores and quality of life versus placebo after 3 weeks.
Topical zinc‑aluminium ointment significantly improved fecal incontinence scores and quality of life versus placebo after 3 weeks.
Weekly zinc supplementation increased serum zinc in infants; iron indicators were unchanged and serum copper decreased with zinc or iron supplementation.
Weekly zinc supplementation increased serum zinc in infants; iron indicators were unchanged and serum copper decreased with zinc or iron supplementation.
A 4-month randomized trial in women with low iron stores tested dietary advice, iron supplement, or placebo and measured zinc status; iron supplements with meals appeared to lower zinc status.
In 60 patients with traumatic fractures, 50 mg elemental zinc daily for 60 days raised serum zinc and alkaline phosphatase and improved radiographic callus formation versus placebo.
Very low birth weight infants received fortified human milk with or without trace elements; study focused on multiple minerals and growth, not iodine effects.
In 60 patients with traumatic fractures, 50 mg elemental zinc daily for 60 days raised serum zinc and alkaline phosphatase and improved radiographic callus formation versus placebo.
Daily 10 mg elemental zinc for 6 months in 6–35-month-old children reduced incidence of acute lower respiratory infections and lowered prevalence of low plasma zinc.
Daily 10 mg elemental zinc for 6 months in 6–35-month-old children reduced incidence of acute lower respiratory infections and lowered prevalence of low plasma zinc.
In a crossover stable-isotope study in Kenyan preschoolers, adding ~16 g dried house crickets to maize porridge increased the amount of zinc absorbed compared with low-zinc porridge (and exceeded absorption from a high-Zn fortified meal).
In 50 adults, topical 1% elemental zinc cream applied to PPD sites increased TB and Candida skin-test induration and raised the likelihood of positive TB tests, especially in zinc-deficient individuals.
In 50 adults, topical 1% elemental zinc cream applied to PPD sites increased TB and Candida skin-test induration and raised the likelihood of positive TB tests, especially in zinc-deficient individuals.
In 50 adults, topical 1% elemental zinc cream applied to PPD sites increased TB and Candida skin-test induration and raised the likelihood of positive TB tests, especially in zinc-deficient individuals.
Children with asthma who received teach-back education plus zinc had better asthma knowledge, medication use, and symptom control at one month; immunological markers and time to symptom relief improved in both groups.
Children with asthma who received teach-back education plus zinc had better asthma knowledge, medication use, and symptom control at one month; immunological markers and time to symptom relief improved in both groups.
Children with asthma who received teach-back education plus zinc had better asthma knowledge, medication use, and symptom control at one month; immunological markers and time to symptom relief improved in both groups.
In hemodialysis patients with zinc deficiency, one year of zinc supplementation was associated with increases in body fat weight; serum zinc correlated positively with fat mass.
In hemodialysis patients with zinc deficiency, one year of zinc supplementation was associated with increases in body fat weight; serum zinc correlated positively with fat mass.
In young children with acute watery diarrhea, zinc (20 mg daily for 14 days) plus ORS had high adherence, did not reduce ORS use, and modestly reduced use of antibiotics/antidiarrheals.
In young children with acute watery diarrhea, zinc (20 mg daily for 14 days) plus ORS had high adherence, did not reduce ORS use, and modestly reduced use of antibiotics/antidiarrheals.
In preterm infants, in-hospital supplemental zinc increased zinc retention during hospitalization but did not raise hair zinc at 6–12 months; growth remained within expected ranges for mother's-milk-fed infants.
In preterm infants, in-hospital supplemental zinc increased zinc retention during hospitalization but did not raise hair zinc at 6–12 months; growth remained within expected ranges for mother's-milk-fed infants.
In preterm infants, in-hospital supplemental zinc increased zinc retention during hospitalization but did not raise hair zinc at 6–12 months; growth remained within expected ranges for mother's-milk-fed infants.
Children receiving combined vitamin A and zinc had fewer malaria and fever episodes, lower diarrhea incidence, and reduced anemia compared with placebo over six months.
Children receiving combined vitamin A and zinc had fewer malaria and fever episodes, lower diarrhea incidence, and reduced anemia compared with placebo over six months.
In this double-blind pilot RCT in children with cystic fibrosis, 30 mg/day zinc for one year reduced days on oral antibiotics, especially in children with low baseline plasma zinc; modest effects on cytokines were observed.
In this double-blind pilot RCT in children with cystic fibrosis, 30 mg/day zinc for one year reduced days on oral antibiotics, especially in children with low baseline plasma zinc; modest effects on cytokines were observed.
In this double-blind pilot RCT in children with cystic fibrosis, 30 mg/day zinc for one year reduced days on oral antibiotics, especially in children with low baseline plasma zinc; modest effects on cytokines were observed.
30 short-statured children received 1 year of iron+zinc, zinc alone, or placebo; iron+zinc improved growth; zinc alone helped only when iron stores (ferritin) were adequate.
30 short-statured children received 1 year of iron+zinc, zinc alone, or placebo; iron+zinc improved growth; zinc alone helped only when iron stores (ferritin) were adequate.
Randomized single-blind trial in patients on methadone: 12 mg/day zinc for 3 months reduced relapse-prediction measures and improved mental health scores versus control.
Randomized single-blind trial in patients on methadone: 12 mg/day zinc for 3 months reduced relapse-prediction measures and improved mental health scores versus control.
Randomized single-blind trial in patients on methadone: 12 mg/day zinc for 3 months reduced relapse-prediction measures and improved mental health scores versus control.
Double-blind RCT in 96 HIV-1 infected children; 10 mg/day zinc for 6 months did not increase HIV viral load and reduced watery diarrhoea visits.
Double-blind RCT in 96 HIV-1 infected children; 10 mg/day zinc for 6 months did not increase HIV viral load and reduced watery diarrhoea visits.
Double-blind RCT in 96 HIV-1 infected children; 10 mg/day zinc for 6 months did not increase HIV viral load and reduced watery diarrhoea visits.
In HIV-infected children on ART, 20 mg zinc daily for 24 weeks did not significantly change CD4% or viral load compared with placebo.
Randomized double-blind trial in children <5 with acute lower respiratory infection; 10 mg/day zinc for 60 days reduced respiratory morbidity and sped recovery.
Randomized double-blind trial in children <5 with acute lower respiratory infection; 10 mg/day zinc for 60 days reduced respiratory morbidity and sped recovery.
Randomized double-blind trial in children <5 with acute lower respiratory infection; 10 mg/day zinc for 60 days reduced respiratory morbidity and sped recovery.
Randomized double-blind trial (92 completers) found the amine+zinc+lactate+fluoride toothpaste significantly reduced gingivitis and plaque versus a fluoride-only control at 3 and 6 months.
Using a zinc+arginine toothpaste twice daily for 6 months reduced dental plaque and gingivitis more than a regular fluoride toothpaste.
Adding a dentifrice and rinse containing sanguinaria extract and zinc chloride to initial periodontal therapy provided no additional short-term benefit over placebo.
A mouthwash containing an amine compound + zinc lactate + fluoride reduced gum inflammation and dental plaque more than a non‑active control over 6 months.
Double-blind randomized trial of 15 mg/day zinc (5 days/week) for 10 weeks in schoolchildren showed plaque index improved with zinc; gingival index improved in both groups.
Using a zinc+arginine toothpaste twice daily for 6 months reduced dental plaque and gingivitis more than a regular fluoride toothpaste.
Double-blind randomized trial of 15 mg/day zinc (5 days/week) for 10 weeks in schoolchildren showed plaque index improved with zinc; gingival index improved in both groups.
Randomized double-blind trial (92 completers) found the amine+zinc+lactate+fluoride toothpaste significantly reduced gingivitis and plaque versus a fluoride-only control at 3 and 6 months.
A mouthwash containing an amine compound + zinc lactate + fluoride reduced gum inflammation and dental plaque more than a non‑active control over 6 months.
Brushing with an herbal toothpaste containing zinc for 6 months reduced plaque, gingival inflammation, and bleeding more than a fluoride-only toothpaste.
Zinc lozenges shortened the duration of common cold symptoms but caused more bad taste and nausea.
Zinc lozenges shortened the duration of common cold symptoms but caused more bad taste and nausea.
Daily 15–30 mg zinc produced limited, inconsistent cognitive effects: brief improvement in one spatial working memory measure at 3 months and a detriment on one attention measure.
Daily 15–30 mg zinc produced limited, inconsistent cognitive effects: brief improvement in one spatial working memory measure at 3 months and a detriment on one attention measure.
In 12–24-month-old children, the small zinc-only arm showed a significant increase in TGF-β1 and greater body-weight gain over 90 days; probiotic and combined arms affected sIgA and cytokine correlations.
In HIV-infected children on ART, 20 mg zinc daily for 24 weeks did not significantly change CD4% or viral load compared with placebo.
Daily 30 mg zinc for 12 months did not reduce antibiotic use, change lung function, or alter Pseudomonas colonization in children with cystic fibrosis.
Daily 30 mg zinc for 12 months did not reduce antibiotic use, change lung function, or alter Pseudomonas colonization in children with cystic fibrosis.
Daily 30 mg zinc for 12 months did not reduce antibiotic use, change lung function, or alter Pseudomonas colonization in children with cystic fibrosis.
Topical zinc-doped nanoparticles applied to cervical dentin progressively and significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity and eliminated sensitivity by day 21 for tested measures.
Topical zinc-doped nanoparticles applied to cervical dentin progressively and significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity and eliminated sensitivity by day 21 for tested measures.
Topical zinc-doped nanoparticles applied to cervical dentin progressively and significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity and eliminated sensitivity by day 21 for tested measures.
Large randomized trial in Nepal showed zinc reduced duration and risk of prolonged acute diarrhea in young children.
Large randomized trial in Nepal showed zinc reduced duration and risk of prolonged acute diarrhea in young children.
Large randomized trial in Nepal showed zinc reduced duration and risk of prolonged acute diarrhea in young children.
Small randomized trial in subacute stroke patients with low zinc intake; normalizing zinc intake modestly improved neurological scores.
Randomized trial in children with first simple febrile seizure showed zinc supplementation reduced seizure recurrence over one year.
Randomized double-blind trial in Ugandan children with severe pneumonia found zinc adjunct did not speed clinical normalization but reduced mortality.
Randomized double-blind trial in Ugandan children with severe pneumonia found zinc adjunct did not speed clinical normalization but reduced mortality.
Randomized double-blind trial in Ugandan children with severe pneumonia found zinc adjunct did not speed clinical normalization but reduced mortality.
Randomized double-blind trial of combined zinc plus vitamin A in type I diabetes improved apolipoprotein profile (A-I up, B down) over 12 weeks.
Randomized double-blind trial of combined zinc plus vitamin A in type I diabetes improved apolipoprotein profile (A-I up, B down) over 12 weeks.
Randomized double-blind trial of combined zinc plus vitamin A in type I diabetes improved apolipoprotein profile (A-I up, B down) over 12 weeks.
Zinc given for acute diarrhoea reduced stool frequency and improved recovery; suspension form had better outcomes and compliance than tablets.
Zinc did not reduce duration or severity of acute diarrhea in young infants.
Zinc did not reduce duration or severity of acute diarrhea in young infants.
Zinc supplementation increased specific T‑cell subsets in older adults.
Zinc supplementation increased specific T‑cell subsets in older adults.
Zinc improved physical quality of life, lowered ammonia and encephalopathy grade in cirrhotic patients.
Zinc improved physical quality of life, lowered ammonia and encephalopathy grade in cirrhotic patients.
Zinc improved physical quality of life, lowered ammonia and encephalopathy grade in cirrhotic patients.
Zinc improved physical quality of life, lowered ammonia and encephalopathy grade in cirrhotic patients.
Zinc improved physical quality of life, lowered ammonia and encephalopathy grade in cirrhotic patients.
Zinc raised plasma zinc, improved organ-failure and outcome scores, reduced inflammation, and shortened hospital stay in severe head trauma patients.
Zinc raised plasma zinc, improved organ-failure and outcome scores, reduced inflammation, and shortened hospital stay in severe head trauma patients.
Zinc raised plasma zinc, improved organ-failure and outcome scores, reduced inflammation, and shortened hospital stay in severe head trauma patients.
Zinc raised plasma zinc, improved organ-failure and outcome scores, reduced inflammation, and shortened hospital stay in severe head trauma patients.
In Bangladeshi infants, zinc (tablets or MNPs) did not change peripheral blood gene expression or most cytokines; IL-17A was higher with zinc.
In Bangladeshi infants, zinc (tablets or MNPs) did not change peripheral blood gene expression or most cytokines; IL-17A was higher with zinc.
In Bangladeshi infants, zinc (tablets or MNPs) did not change peripheral blood gene expression or most cytokines; IL-17A was higher with zinc.
Crossover study in formula-fed infants comparing higher vs lower dietary fiber in weaning cereals; measured stool characteristics and mineral (including zinc) absorption using stable isotopes.
Crossover study in formula-fed infants comparing higher vs lower dietary fiber in weaning cereals; measured stool characteristics and mineral (including zinc) absorption using stable isotopes.
Cluster RCT providing zinc-biofortified or control wheat flour to households for 25 weeks; primary outcome was plasma zinc (reported elsewhere); secondary outcomes here included growth, morbidity and lung function.
Cluster RCT providing zinc-biofortified or control wheat flour to households for 25 weeks; primary outcome was plasma zinc (reported elsewhere); secondary outcomes here included growth, morbidity and lung function.
Cluster RCT providing zinc-biofortified or control wheat flour to households for 25 weeks; primary outcome was plasma zinc (reported elsewhere); secondary outcomes here included growth, morbidity and lung function.
Secondary analysis of a large randomized trial in children with acute diarrhea assessing factors associated with vomiting; evaluated effects of zinc dose and clinical/demographic risk factors.
Secondary analysis of a large randomized trial in children with acute diarrhea assessing factors associated with vomiting; evaluated effects of zinc dose and clinical/demographic risk factors.
Secondary analysis of a large randomized trial in children with acute diarrhea assessing factors associated with vomiting; evaluated effects of zinc dose and clinical/demographic risk factors.
In 105 patients with plantar warts, intralesional vitamin D3 produced complete response in 62.9% of patients and was more effective than saline with mostly mild injection pain.
In 105 patients with plantar warts, intralesional vitamin D3 produced complete response in 62.9% of patients and was more effective than saline with mostly mild injection pain.
Weekly zinc supplementation in young children reduced diarrheal illness and was feasible to deliver in the community.
Weekly zinc supplementation in young children reduced diarrheal illness and was feasible to deliver in the community.
Three months of zinc (25 mg thrice daily) in adults with sickle cell disease reduced infections, lowered oxidative stress markers, and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression.
One year of zinc (45 mg/day) reduced infections and some inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in older adults.
One year of zinc (45 mg/day) reduced infections and some inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in older adults.
Most critically ill children had low serum zinc early after PICU admission and low zinc was associated with higher frequency of lymphopenia.
Six months of zinc supplementation reduced low serum zinc prevalence; associations between intake and biomarkers were inconsistent and attenuated by fortification.
Six months of zinc supplementation reduced low serum zinc prevalence; associations between intake and biomarkers were inconsistent and attenuated by fortification.
Daily low-dose zinc supplementation from 1 to 9 months had no detectable effect on infant cognitive or motor development at 6 or 10 months.
Daily low-dose zinc supplementation from 1 to 9 months had no detectable effect on infant cognitive or motor development at 6 or 10 months.
Adding a 25 mg/day zinc supplement during pregnancy increased plasma zinc among women with higher total zinc intake; erythrocyte zinc tracked with habitual dietary intake.
Graves' disease patients treated with methimazole were given antioxidant supplements (no zinc in the supplement) and erythrocyte SOD, Cu, Zn and total antioxidant status were followed for 60 days.
ACE inhibitor therapy altered zinc parameters: serum zinc fell and urinary zinc rose during treatment.
Three-month randomized trial of antihypertensive monotherapy showing diuretics, ACE‑inhibitors and calcium‑antagonists altered zinc status (increased zincuria and reduced serum/erythrocyte zinc); not investigating calcium supplementation or calcium outcomes.
Eight weeks of zinc supplementation in postmenopausal women improved erythrocyte zinc status and was associated with enhanced antioxidant markers.
Infants exclusively breastfed 4–6 months had slightly higher plasma zinc at 6 months than those breastfed <4 months, with no differences in iron status or anemia.
Infants exclusively breastfed 4–6 months had slightly higher plasma zinc at 6 months than those breastfed <4 months, with no differences in iron status or anemia.
Randomized controlled trial in hospitalized adults with HIV comparing standard diet vs standard + 100 g RUTF (provided zinc among other nutrients); final analysis n=37.
Infants exclusively breastfed 4–6 months had slightly higher plasma zinc at 6 months than those breastfed <4 months, with no differences in iron status or anemia.
Term infants given 5 mg/day zinc showed no growth benefit but had modest improvements in motor quality and fewer infants with low mental/motor scores.
Term infants given 5 mg/day zinc showed no growth benefit but had modest improvements in motor quality and fewer infants with low mental/motor scores.
Term infants given 5 mg/day zinc showed no growth benefit but had modest improvements in motor quality and fewer infants with low mental/motor scores.
Healthy men taking 30 mg/day zinc for 14 weeks showed no changes in circulating leukocyte counts, lymphocyte subsets, or copper status.
Healthy men taking 30 mg/day zinc for 14 weeks showed no changes in circulating leukocyte counts, lymphocyte subsets, or copper status.
Healthy men taking 30 mg/day zinc for 14 weeks showed no changes in circulating leukocyte counts, lymphocyte subsets, or copper status.
In arsenic-poisoned patients, spirulina plus zinc increased urinary arsenic excretion early, reduced hair arsenic by ~47%, and improved skin lesions over 16 weeks.
In arsenic-poisoned patients, spirulina plus zinc increased urinary arsenic excretion early, reduced hair arsenic by ~47%, and improved skin lesions over 16 weeks.
In arsenic-poisoned patients, spirulina plus zinc increased urinary arsenic excretion early, reduced hair arsenic by ~47%, and improved skin lesions over 16 weeks.
Two-week zinc supplementation raised plasma zinc by day 14 but did not significantly shorten diarrhoea duration or reduce severity or incidence versus control.
Perioperative zinc plus vitamin E transiently lowered plasma copper on postoperative day 3 and increased leukocyte MT2A expression at days 3 and 21, with no lasting copper depletion.
Perioperative zinc plus vitamin E transiently lowered plasma copper on postoperative day 3 and increased leukocyte MT2A expression at days 3 and 21, with no lasting copper depletion.
In a double-blind RCT, oral zinc (2 mg/kg/day) did not raise plasma zinc significantly but was associated with improved weight gain and fewer infection episodes during 60 days.
In a double-blind RCT, oral zinc (2 mg/kg/day) did not raise plasma zinc significantly but was associated with improved weight gain and fewer infection episodes during 60 days.
Cross-sectional/preintervention data show high prevalence of low plasma zinc and stunting in rural Beninese children, with intake-based risk estimates varying by EAR used.
Cross-sectional/preintervention data show high prevalence of low plasma zinc and stunting in rural Beninese children, with intake-based risk estimates varying by EAR used.
Cross-sectional/preintervention data show high prevalence of low plasma zinc and stunting in rural Beninese children, with intake-based risk estimates varying by EAR used.
In 20 treated postmenopausal women with NIDDM, 3 weeks of zinc raised plasma zinc and doubled 5'-nucleotidase activity; IGF-I rose in those with low baseline, and lipoprotein oxidation was unchanged.
In 20 treated postmenopausal women with NIDDM, 3 weeks of zinc raised plasma zinc and doubled 5'-nucleotidase activity; IGF-I rose in those with low baseline, and lipoprotein oxidation was unchanged.
Adolescent girls receiving zinc (tablet or zinc-rich snacks) for 10 weeks had larger increases in plasma zinc, better memory and reasoning score gains, faster reaction times, and improved salt taste sensitivity versus control.
Adolescent girls receiving zinc (tablet or zinc-rich snacks) for 10 weeks had larger increases in plasma zinc, better memory and reasoning score gains, faster reaction times, and improved salt taste sensitivity versus control.
Daily zinc for 4 months raised plasma zinc and reduced diarrhea and pneumonia but did not change weight or length gains in young children.
Daily zinc for 4 months raised plasma zinc and reduced diarrhea and pneumonia but did not change weight or length gains in young children.
Topical bi-metal (copper-zinc) cream applied twice daily for 6 weeks increased newly synthesized elastin and elastic fiber accumulation in photoaged facial skin.
Topical bi-metal (copper-zinc) cream applied twice daily for 6 weeks increased newly synthesized elastin and elastic fiber accumulation in photoaged facial skin.
Prepubertal children with sickle cell disease receiving 10 mg Zn/day showed small but significant gains in linear growth measures over 12 months versus control.
Prepubertal children with sickle cell disease receiving 10 mg Zn/day showed small but significant gains in linear growth measures over 12 months versus control.
Prepubertal children with sickle cell disease receiving 10 mg Zn/day showed small but significant gains in linear growth measures over 12 months versus control.
Daily low-dose MNP containing bioavailable iron and 2.5 mg zinc reduced iron and zinc deficiencies and modestly improved weight-for-age over 23 weeks.
In depressed patients treated with imipramine, serum zinc was lower than healthy controls and zinc supplementation increased serum zinc concentrations over 12 weeks.
In depressed patients treated with imipramine, serum zinc was lower than healthy controls and zinc supplementation increased serum zinc concentrations over 12 weeks.
Daily 20 mg zinc in young children with acute diarrhea reduced duration and severity of diarrheal episodes, especially after day 3.
Daily 20 mg zinc in young children with acute diarrhea reduced duration and severity of diarrheal episodes, especially after day 3.
Daily 20 mg zinc in young children with acute diarrhea reduced duration and severity of diarrheal episodes, especially after day 3.
People who gargled twice daily with a CPC+zinc mouthwash had fewer and less severe upper respiratory symptoms over 90 days than those who did not.
People who gargled twice daily with a CPC+zinc mouthwash had fewer and less severe upper respiratory symptoms over 90 days than those who did not.
People who gargled twice daily with a CPC+zinc mouthwash had fewer and less severe upper respiratory symptoms over 90 days than those who did not.
Providing zinc for 14 days during diarrhoea in children reduced duration and incidence of diarrhoea and lowered child mortality in the community trial.
Providing zinc for 14 days during diarrhoea in children reduced duration and incidence of diarrhoea and lowered child mortality in the community trial.
In Indonesian infants, zinc supplementation improved zinc status; iron supplementation altered plasma retinol (lower) while indicating increased liver vitamin A stores.
Among 3–4-year-old children, counseling to reduce saturated fat did not change zinc intake or serum zinc concentrations compared with controls.
In 9-month-old breastfed infants, meat or zinc-fortified cereal provided more absorbed zinc than iron-only fortified cereal; human-milk zinc contributed <25% of needs.
Providing biofortified wheat increased dietary zinc by ~1.5 mg/day but did not raise plasma zinc; it was associated with a reduction in an inflammation marker (AGP).
Adolescent athletes taking 22 mg/day zinc for 12 weeks showed improved antioxidant markers but decreased plasma iron and copper.
Giving one egg daily for six months did not improve plasma zinc, selenium, copper or magnesium; plasma iron decreased in the egg group.
Adolescent athletes taking 22 mg/day zinc for 12 weeks showed improved antioxidant markers but decreased plasma iron and copper.
Randomized double-blind trial in obese hypertensive adults: 3 months of Spirulina (2 g/day) decreased serum iron but did not markedly change serum calcium or magnesium.
Zinc given to children with severe malnutrition led to biochemical zinc recovery, higher albumin and improved blood parameters, and fewer deaths compared with controls.
Regular use of a toothpaste with zinc citrate led to measurable accumulation of zinc (and triclosan) in dental plaque that persisted after controlled food intake.
Regular use of a toothpaste with zinc citrate led to measurable accumulation of zinc (and triclosan) in dental plaque that persisted after controlled food intake.
Regular use of a toothpaste with zinc citrate led to measurable accumulation of zinc (and triclosan) in dental plaque that persisted after controlled food intake.
Daily 25 mg zinc in pregnant women with lower baseline zinc was associated with higher infant birth weight and larger head circumference, especially in women with BMI <26.
Daily 25 mg zinc in pregnant women with lower baseline zinc was associated with higher infant birth weight and larger head circumference, especially in women with BMI <26.
Between 2002 and 2012 zinc status in rural Chinese schoolchildren improved markedly (higher serum zinc, lower prevalence of deficiency and stunting).
Daily 10 mg zinc for 5 months increased weight and height, raised circulating IGF-I, and reduced episodes of diarrhea and respiratory infections in growth-retarded children.
Daily 10 mg zinc for 5 months increased weight and height, raised circulating IGF-I, and reduced episodes of diarrhea and respiratory infections in growth-retarded children.
Daily 10 mg zinc for 5 months increased weight and height, raised circulating IGF-I, and reduced episodes of diarrhea and respiratory infections in growth-retarded children.
Phytic acid in soya milk significantly reduced zinc absorption in both young and elderly; no difference between age groups.
Phytic acid in soya milk significantly reduced zinc absorption in both young and elderly; no difference between age groups.
Daily 5 mg zinc raised serum zinc overall and improved weight gain and reduced lower respiratory infection incidence in infants who were zinc-deficient at baseline.
Daily 5 mg zinc raised serum zinc overall and improved weight gain and reduced lower respiratory infection incidence in infants who were zinc-deficient at baseline.
Adding oral zinc to standard steroid treatment showed no additional hearing benefit compared with standard treatment alone.
Adding oral zinc to standard steroid treatment showed no additional hearing benefit compared with standard treatment alone.
Daily 10 mg zinc for up to 7 months increased observed playing and sitting behavior in infants, with no change in motor development.
In Zanzibari infants, iron+folic acid with or without zinc improved motor development; zinc alone was associated with worse language development in the 10–14 month group.
Daily 10 mg zinc for up to 7 months increased observed playing and sitting behavior in infants, with no change in motor development.
Weekly iron and zinc (together or individually) improved infant motor development and attention/orientation measures between 6 and 12 months.
Daily zinc (5–15 mg) for 4 months increased urinary zinc excretion but did not depress sensitive biomarkers of copper status in healthy boys.
Daily zinc (5–15 mg) for 4 months increased urinary zinc excretion but did not depress sensitive biomarkers of copper status in healthy boys.
Daily 25 mg zinc for 3 weeks raised serum zinc but did not restore night vision by itself; it appeared to help vitamin A restore night vision in women with low baseline zinc.
Daily 25 mg zinc for 3 weeks raised serum zinc but did not restore night vision by itself; it appeared to help vitamin A restore night vision in women with low baseline zinc.
Adding zinc to probiotics improved clinical response in children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea and improved gut bacterial balance and gut permeability markers.
Adding zinc to probiotics improved clinical response in children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea and improved gut bacterial balance and gut permeability markers.
Adding zinc to probiotics improved clinical response in children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea and improved gut bacterial balance and gut permeability markers.
Zinc supplementation after severe head injury was associated with lower 1-month mortality, better early neurologic recovery, and higher visceral protein levels.
Zinc supplementation after severe head injury was associated with lower 1-month mortality, better early neurologic recovery, and higher visceral protein levels.
Zinc supplementation after severe head injury was associated with lower 1-month mortality, better early neurologic recovery, and higher visceral protein levels.
Three months of zinc (25 mg thrice daily) in adults with sickle cell disease reduced infections, lowered oxidative stress markers, and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression.
Three months of zinc (25 mg thrice daily) in adults with sickle cell disease reduced infections, lowered oxidative stress markers, and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression.
Zinc supplementation restored serum zinc levels and reduced some treatment side effects but did not change virologic response to interferon/ribavirin.
Zinc supplementation restored serum zinc levels and reduced some treatment side effects but did not change virologic response to interferon/ribavirin.
In obese prepubescent children, 20 mg/day zinc for 8 weeks reduced oxidative stress markers, improved lipid measures, lowered inflammatory and insulin-resistance markers, and reduced weight/BMI relative to placebo.
In obese prepubescent children, 20 mg/day zinc for 8 weeks reduced oxidative stress markers, improved lipid measures, lowered inflammatory and insulin-resistance markers, and reduced weight/BMI relative to placebo.
In obese prepubescent children, 20 mg/day zinc for 8 weeks reduced oxidative stress markers, improved lipid measures, lowered inflammatory and insulin-resistance markers, and reduced weight/BMI relative to placebo.
A 14-day zinc course given during pneumonia raised plasma zinc short-term but did not reduce subsequent pneumonia or diarrhea over 6 months.
A 14-day zinc course given during pneumonia raised plasma zinc short-term but did not reduce subsequent pneumonia or diarrhea over 6 months.
Children with low serum zinc ate zinc-fortified bread for 90 days and showed increases in zinc status, some growth markers, and immune responses.
Children with low serum zinc ate zinc-fortified bread for 90 days and showed increases in zinc status, some growth markers, and immune responses.
Methodological analysis using IPD from two zinc lozenge RCTs showing zinc lozenges substantially shortened cold duration; relative (%) scale fits data better.
Newly diagnosed hypertensive patients on monotherapy given zinc supplementation showed improved zinc status and lower serum glucose without changing blood pressure.
Newly diagnosed hypertensive patients on monotherapy given zinc supplementation showed improved zinc status and lower serum glucose without changing blood pressure.
Undernourished young children given 5 mg elemental zinc daily for 12 weeks showed no growth benefit but fewer hospitalizations and shorter skin rash episodes.
Undernourished young children given 5 mg elemental zinc daily for 12 weeks showed no growth benefit but fewer hospitalizations and shorter skin rash episodes.
Undernourished young children given 5 mg elemental zinc daily for 12 weeks showed no growth benefit but fewer hospitalizations and shorter skin rash episodes.
In severely malnourished young children, higher-dose zinc did not improve growth and was linked to higher death rates.
Zinc given for acute diarrhoea reduced stool frequency and improved recovery; suspension form had better outcomes and compliance than tablets.
Observational cohort of Zambian infants found that micronutrient adequacy (including calcium) and dietary diversity were positively associated with linear growth to 18 months.
Observational cohort of Zambian infants found that micronutrient adequacy (including calcium) and dietary diversity were positively associated with linear growth to 18 months.
Adding oral zinc to usual care for infants with rotavirus reduced symptom durations, improved response rate, and lowered 3-month recurrence and severe-recurrence rates.
Adding oral zinc to usual care for infants with rotavirus reduced symptom durations, improved response rate, and lowered 3-month recurrence and severe-recurrence rates.
High prevalence of zinc deficiency; children with low baseline plasma zinc experienced more days ill and more days with diarrhoea and ALRI over follow-up.
High prevalence of zinc deficiency; children with low baseline plasma zinc experienced more days ill and more days with diarrhoea and ALRI over follow-up.
High prevalence of zinc deficiency; children with low baseline plasma zinc experienced more days ill and more days with diarrhoea and ALRI over follow-up.
Sugar-free tablets with zinc lactate + magnolia bark extract reduced oral volatile sulfur compounds more than placebo for up to 2 hours.
In this 24-week randomized double-blind trial zinc did not differ from placebo overall, but a post-hoc pharmacodynamic 'Responder' subgroup (≥20% ceruloplasmin reduction) showed cognitive stabilization versus decline in others.
In this 24-week randomized double-blind trial zinc did not differ from placebo overall, but a post-hoc pharmacodynamic 'Responder' subgroup (≥20% ceruloplasmin reduction) showed cognitive stabilization versus decline in others.
In this 24-week randomized double-blind trial zinc did not differ from placebo overall, but a post-hoc pharmacodynamic 'Responder' subgroup (≥20% ceruloplasmin reduction) showed cognitive stabilization versus decline in others.
In this 24-week randomized double-blind trial zinc did not differ from placebo overall, but a post-hoc pharmacodynamic 'Responder' subgroup (≥20% ceruloplasmin reduction) showed cognitive stabilization versus decline in others.
Comparative analyses of neighboring trials found that small-quantity LNS—but not the zinc supplementation regimens used—was associated with improved linear growth (LAZ, WAZ) in infants aged ≈9–15 months.
Comparative analyses of neighboring trials found that small-quantity LNS—but not the zinc supplementation regimens used—was associated with improved linear growth (LAZ, WAZ) in infants aged ≈9–15 months.
In a sub-study of a randomized trial, daily 10 mg elemental zinc increased observed activity levels in preschool children compared with controls.
In a sub-study of a randomized trial, daily 10 mg elemental zinc increased observed activity levels in preschool children compared with controls.
In a sub-study of a randomized trial, daily 10 mg elemental zinc increased observed activity levels in preschool children compared with controls.
Daily 10 mg zinc for 7 months reduced diarrhea incidence and persistent diarrhea in young Guatemalan children; no clear effect on respiratory infections.
Two-week zinc (20 mg/d) during acute diarrhoea improved subsequent linear growth and reduced diarrhoea and respiratory episodes in malnourished subgroups over 8 weeks.
Two-week zinc (20 mg/d) during acute diarrhoea improved subsequent linear growth and reduced diarrhoea and respiratory episodes in malnourished subgroups over 8 weeks.
Six months of daily 15 or 30 mg zinc increased the masses of exchangeable zinc pools in healthy late-middle-aged men.
120 days of zinc (10 mg/d) improved cell-mediated immunity and increased CD3 and CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratio in preschool children.
120 days of zinc (10 mg/d) improved cell-mediated immunity and increased CD3 and CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratio in preschool children.
In HIV+ patients on ART, zinc supplementation reduced the risk of opportunistic infections but did not significantly change CD4 counts.
120 days of zinc (10 mg/d) improved cell-mediated immunity and increased CD3 and CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratio in preschool children.
120 days of zinc (10 mg/d) improved cell-mediated immunity and increased CD3 and CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratio in preschool children.
Malnourished children had lower blood zinc and copper; zinc levels correlated with linear growth.
Daily zinc for ~7 months increased muscle area and improved linear growth in infants who were stunted at baseline.
Daily zinc for ~7 months increased muscle area and improved linear growth in infants who were stunted at baseline.
5 mg/day zinc reduced diarrhea prevalence and increased weight gain during weeks 17–26 in low-birth-weight infants.
5 mg/day zinc reduced diarrhea prevalence and increased weight gain during weeks 17–26 in low-birth-weight infants.
5 mg/day zinc reduced diarrhea prevalence and increased weight gain during weeks 17–26 in low-birth-weight infants.
Adding organic zinc after antibiotics improved symptom scores and reduced urethral pressure in chronic bacterial prostatitis patients.
Adding organic zinc after antibiotics improved symptom scores and reduced urethral pressure in chronic bacterial prostatitis patients.
Short-course zinc (5 mg/d for 8 weeks) did not change Bayley mental/psychomotor scores but improved some behavioral ratings (responsiveness).
Short-course zinc (5 mg/d for 8 weeks) did not change Bayley mental/psychomotor scores but improved some behavioral ratings (responsiveness).
Short-course zinc (5 mg/d for 8 weeks) did not change Bayley mental/psychomotor scores but improved some behavioral ratings (responsiveness).
Daily 5 mg zinc for 6 months increased weight gain and boys' height and reduced stunting in children with low linear growth.
Daily 5 mg zinc for 6 months increased weight gain and boys' height and reduced stunting in children with low linear growth.
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in 60 adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia; an 8-week nutraceutical containing bergamot/artichoke/Q10 and zinc improved lipids, inflammation markers and endothelial reactivity versus placebo.
Small trial in zinc-replete adult volunteers testing oral zinc during cholera vaccination; zinc altered systemic and mucosal immune responses.
Small trial in zinc-replete adult volunteers testing oral zinc during cholera vaccination; zinc altered systemic and mucosal immune responses.
Small trial in zinc-replete adult volunteers testing oral zinc during cholera vaccination; zinc altered systemic and mucosal immune responses.
Clinical study in AZT-treated AIDS patients where oral zinc was added and associated with improved weight, CD4 counts and fewer some opportunistic infections.
Clinical study in AZT-treated AIDS patients where oral zinc was added and associated with improved weight, CD4 counts and fewer some opportunistic infections.
12-week randomized double-blind trial in overweight/obese women; zinc (30 mg/day) improved some cognitive tests and altered salivary biomarkers but did not change weight versus placebo.
Giving small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (with morbidity treatment) to 9–18 month old children increased weight and lean mass; adding extra zinc (in LNS or tablets) had no detectable effect on body composition.
Clinical study in AZT-treated AIDS patients where oral zinc was added and associated with improved weight, CD4 counts and fewer some opportunistic infections.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in infants 1–6 months showing no benefit of zinc on diarrhea duration or stool volume.
In children treated for acute diarrhea, 5 days of zinc was as effective as 10 days at preventing subsequent diarrhea over 3 months.
Low birth weight infants given daily zinc had greater weight, length and head circumference gains by 6 months compared with placebo.
In postmenopausal women under controlled dietary conditions, a higher zinc intake reduced magnesium balance and altered markers of bone turnover.
In postmenopausal women under controlled dietary conditions, a higher zinc intake reduced magnesium balance and altered markers of bone turnover.
In postmenopausal women under controlled dietary conditions, a higher zinc intake reduced magnesium balance and altered markers of bone turnover.
Zinc raised serum IGF-I in infants with failure to thrive but did not produce measurable growth improvements over 12 weeks.
Zinc raised serum IGF-I in infants with failure to thrive but did not produce measurable growth improvements over 12 weeks.
Prenatal zinc supplementation (25 mg/day in second half of pregnancy) had no effect on children's mental or psychomotor test scores at age 5.
In pregnant women, prenatal zinc supplementation did not change plasma extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) activity.
In acutely ill adults on parenteral nutrition, short-term parenteral zinc supplementation increased fever compared with no zinc.
In acutely ill adults on parenteral nutrition, short-term parenteral zinc supplementation increased fever compared with no zinc.
Zinc nasal gel started within 24–48 h of cold onset shortened symptom duration and reduced symptom severity compared with placebo.
Daily zinc for 4 months increased cellular immune responses (IFN-γ) and modified vitamin A effects on salivary IgA, especially in younger and underweight children.
Daily zinc for 4 months increased cellular immune responses (IFN-γ) and modified vitamin A effects on salivary IgA, especially in younger and underweight children.
IV trace element supplementation (including zinc) in major burn patients raised plasma and skin zinc and was associated with fewer infections and improved wound-healing outcomes.
IV trace element supplementation (including zinc) in major burn patients raised plasma and skin zinc and was associated with fewer infections and improved wound-healing outcomes.
IV trace element supplementation (including zinc) in major burn patients raised plasma and skin zinc and was associated with fewer infections and improved wound-healing outcomes.
Daily zinc (10 mg) did not change the mean age at first walking unassisted compared with placebo in this large community trial.
Using a zinc+arginine toothpaste twice daily for 6 months reduced dental plaque and gingivitis more than a regular fluoride toothpaste.
In coronary artery disease patients, 10 mg rosuvastatin reduced lipids and hs-CRP; adding zinc+selenium did not further change lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes, or mineral status.
In coronary artery disease patients, 10 mg rosuvastatin reduced lipids and hs-CRP; adding zinc+selenium did not further change lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes, or mineral status.
In coronary artery disease patients, 10 mg rosuvastatin reduced lipids and hs-CRP; adding zinc+selenium did not further change lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes, or mineral status.
Zinc gluconate 30 mg/day for 12 weeks reduced inflammasome gene expression and improved genital ulcers in Behçet's disease patients compared with placebo.
Zinc gluconate 30 mg/day for 12 weeks reduced inflammasome gene expression and improved genital ulcers in Behçet's disease patients compared with placebo.
Zinc gluconate 30 mg/day for 12 weeks reduced inflammasome gene expression and improved genital ulcers in Behçet's disease patients compared with placebo.
In hospitalized children with acute diarrhea, replacing ORS with zinc-containing ORS did not reduce stool output or time to recovery compared with standard ORS, likely due to inadequate zinc intake after day 1.
In hospitalized children with acute diarrhea, replacing ORS with zinc-containing ORS did not reduce stool output or time to recovery compared with standard ORS, likely due to inadequate zinc intake after day 1.
In children with rotavirus diarrhea, zinc alone or zinc plus Saccharomyces boulardii shortened diarrhea and hospital stay compared to rehydration alone.
Brushing with an herbal toothpaste containing zinc for 6 months reduced plaque, gingival inflammation, and bleeding more than a fluoride-only toothpaste.
A mouthrinse containing CPC + zinc lactate + fluoride reduced dental plaque and gingival inflammation more than essential-oil rinse or brushing alone over 6 weeks.
A mouthrinse containing CPC + zinc lactate + fluoride reduced dental plaque and gingival inflammation more than essential-oil rinse or brushing alone over 6 weeks.
Weekly iron and zinc (together or individually) improved infant motor development and attention/orientation measures between 6 and 12 months.
Six months of zinc‑fortified rice increased serum zinc, lowered zinc deficiency prevalence, and (for NutriRice) increased serum folate in Cambodian schoolchildren.
Zinc supplementation (50 mg/day for 8 weeks) increased circulating folate and decreased homocysteine but did not change vitamin B12 in postmenopausal women.
In this underpowered RCT, combined doxycycline + zinc prophylaxis was associated with fewer COVID-19 PCR-positive cases and higher Ct (lower viral load) compared with placebo.
In this underpowered RCT, combined doxycycline + zinc prophylaxis was associated with fewer COVID-19 PCR-positive cases and higher Ct (lower viral load) compared with placebo.
In overweight/obese hypothyroid women, 12 weeks of zinc (alone or with selenium) modestly changed some thyroid hormone levels.
In overweight/obese hypothyroid women, 12 weeks of zinc (alone or with selenium) modestly changed some thyroid hormone levels.
In overweight/obese hypothyroid women, 12 weeks of zinc (alone or with selenium) modestly changed some thyroid hormone levels.
In children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, 12 months of zinc showed trends to fewer relapses and higher remission rates, especially in frequent relapsers.
In children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, 12 months of zinc showed trends to fewer relapses and higher remission rates, especially in frequent relapsers.
Three months of curcumin increased serum zinc and the zinc/copper ratio and lowered serum copper in adults with β-thalassemia intermedia.
In postmenopausal women, alendronate and calcitonin reduced urinary zinc excretion and bone turnover markers over 6 months, with alendronate showing earlier and larger effects.
In postmenopausal women, alendronate and calcitonin reduced urinary zinc excretion and bone turnover markers over 6 months, with alendronate showing earlier and larger effects.
In postmenopausal women, alendronate and calcitonin reduced urinary zinc excretion and bone turnover markers over 6 months, with alendronate showing earlier and larger effects.
In children with shigellosis, 14 days of adjunct zinc increased serum zinc, improved antibody seroconversion and increased circulating B-cell/plasma-cell proportions.
In children with shigellosis, 14 days of adjunct zinc increased serum zinc, improved antibody seroconversion and increased circulating B-cell/plasma-cell proportions.
In severely burned adults, IV supplementation with selenium, copper, and zinc reduced nosocomial pneumonia and VAP, shortened antibiotic days and ICU length of stay normalized per %BSA.
In severely burned adults, IV supplementation with selenium, copper, and zinc reduced nosocomial pneumonia and VAP, shortened antibiotic days and ICU length of stay normalized per %BSA.
In severely burned adults, IV supplementation with selenium, copper, and zinc reduced nosocomial pneumonia and VAP, shortened antibiotic days and ICU length of stay normalized per %BSA.
Topical zinc (and improvised zinc mix) applied during chemo/radiation reduced severity of oral mucositis versus standard care.
Topical zinc (and improvised zinc mix) applied during chemo/radiation reduced severity of oral mucositis versus standard care.
Different modes/amounts of oral iron did not change zinc absorption, zinc status, or growth in iron-sufficient infants.
In healthy breastfed infants, prior iron supplementation did not change zinc absorption or plasma zinc between 6 and 9 months.
Daily 25 mg zinc in HIV-positive pregnant women did not change viral load or early HIV transmission but was linked to more maternal wasting.
Daily 25 mg zinc in HIV-positive pregnant women did not change viral load or early HIV transmission but was linked to more maternal wasting.
Daily 25 mg zinc in HIV-positive pregnant women did not change viral load or early HIV transmission but was linked to more maternal wasting.
In hemodialysis patients zinc increased serum zinc and some B-cell marker levels, but did not produce a clear between-group improvement in vaccine antibody response.
In hemodialysis patients zinc increased serum zinc and some B-cell marker levels, but did not produce a clear between-group improvement in vaccine antibody response.
Higher-dose zinc in very low birth weight infants reduced feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis, and late-onset sepsis episodes versus control.
Higher-dose zinc in very low birth weight infants reduced feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis, and late-onset sepsis episodes versus control.
Higher-dose zinc in very low birth weight infants reduced feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis, and late-onset sepsis episodes versus control.
RBC metallothionein rose during pregnancy but did not reliably reflect changes in zinc status from supplementation; RBC zinc at 36 wk differed by supplement.
RBC metallothionein rose during pregnancy but did not reliably reflect changes in zinc status from supplementation; RBC zinc at 36 wk differed by supplement.
In healthy adult men, consuming zinc-biofortified wheat (+1.6 mg Zn/day) did not change plasma zinc but altered zinc-sensitive fatty-acid desaturase activities (FADS2 up, FADS1 down); antioxidant and DNA damage markers unchanged.
In healthy adult men, consuming zinc-biofortified wheat (+1.6 mg Zn/day) did not change plasma zinc but altered zinc-sensitive fatty-acid desaturase activities (FADS2 up, FADS1 down); antioxidant and DNA damage markers unchanged.
Follow-up of children given iron, zinc, both or placebo in infancy found no long-term differences in IQ, Raven scores, or school performance at age 9 years.
Follow-up of children given iron, zinc, both or placebo in infancy found no long-term differences in IQ, Raven scores, or school performance at age 9 years.
Follow-up of children given iron, zinc, both or placebo in infancy found no long-term differences in IQ, Raven scores, or school performance at age 9 years.
Prenatal supplementation including 25 mg zinc increased fetal femur diaphysis length measured by ultrasound (statistically significant), with no effects on other fetal measurements.
Prenatal supplementation including 25 mg zinc increased fetal femur diaphysis length measured by ultrasound (statistically significant), with no effects on other fetal measurements.
Prenatal supplementation including 25 mg zinc increased fetal femur diaphysis length measured by ultrasound (statistically significant), with no effects on other fetal measurements.
In patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, overall and disease-free 3-year survival did not differ with zinc supplementation, but local-free survival showed a marginal improvement overall and a significant benefit in the subgroup with stage III–IV disease receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
In patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, overall and disease-free 3-year survival did not differ with zinc supplementation, but local-free survival showed a marginal improvement overall and a significant benefit in the subgroup with stage III–IV disease receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
In patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, overall and disease-free 3-year survival did not differ with zinc supplementation, but local-free survival showed a marginal improvement overall and a significant benefit in the subgroup with stage III–IV disease receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Zinc gluconate improved taste function and mood in patients with idiopathic dysgeusia.
Zinc gluconate improved taste function and mood in patients with idiopathic dysgeusia.
Zinc gluconate improved taste function and mood in patients with idiopathic dysgeusia.
Topical erythromycin/zinc solution was less effective than benzoyl peroxide/erythromycin gel for acne over 10 weeks.
Topical erythromycin/zinc solution was less effective than benzoyl peroxide/erythromycin gel for acne over 10 weeks.
Two zinc gluconate dosing regimens (with or without loading dose) showed no difference in inflammatory lesion outcomes over 3 months.
Topical erythromycin/zinc solution was less effective than benzoyl peroxide/erythromycin gel for acne over 10 weeks.
A 6-month multi-micronutrient beverage increased serum vitamin A and zinc in Nigerian schoolchildren.
A 6-month multi-micronutrient beverage increased serum vitamin A and zinc in Nigerian schoolchildren.
In COVID-19 patients with smell loss, zinc therapy shortened smell recovery time but did not change overall illness recovery.
In COVID-19 patients with smell loss, zinc therapy shortened smell recovery time but did not change overall illness recovery.
In COVID-19 patients with smell loss, zinc therapy shortened smell recovery time but did not change overall illness recovery.
Zinc supplementation in zinc-insufficient postmenopausal women raised testosterone and improved sexual function scores.
Zinc supplementation in zinc-insufficient postmenopausal women raised testosterone and improved sexual function scores.
Zinc supplementation in zinc-insufficient postmenopausal women raised testosterone and improved sexual function scores.
Adding 0.25% zinc pyrithione spray provided no additional benefit over clobetasol foam alone for plaque psoriasis.
School lunch seasoning fortified with multiple micronutrients (including 50 μg iodine per serving) reduced respiratory and diarrheal morbidity and slightly improved a visual recall test, but did not change growth.
School lunch seasoning fortified with multiple micronutrients (including 50 μg iodine per serving) reduced respiratory and diarrheal morbidity and slightly improved a visual recall test, but did not change growth.
Randomized workplace nutrition intervention providing oral nutrition supplements (multi‑vitamin/mineral formula including minerals) plus education vs education alone in female workers; intervention improved biochemical micronutrient markers including serum zinc, iron, and total serum calcium and reduced micronutrient deficiency prevalence.
Randomized trial in infants showing zinc (with vitamin A or in MMN) reduced diarrhoea incidence in stunted HIV‑uninfected children but not overall; possible increased persistent/severe diarrhoea in HIV‑infected children.
Randomized trial in infants showing zinc (with vitamin A or in MMN) reduced diarrhoea incidence in stunted HIV‑uninfected children but not overall; possible increased persistent/severe diarrhoea in HIV‑infected children.
Randomized trial in infants showing zinc (with vitamin A or in MMN) reduced diarrhoea incidence in stunted HIV‑uninfected children but not overall; possible increased persistent/severe diarrhoea in HIV‑infected children.
Cluster RCT nested analysis: modest increase in dietary zinc from biofortified wheat produced biochemical shifts (DHA and some pro‑inflammatory oxylipins) but intervention effects were not significant after multiple‑comparison correction.
Cluster RCT nested analysis: modest increase in dietary zinc from biofortified wheat produced biochemical shifts (DHA and some pro‑inflammatory oxylipins) but intervention effects were not significant after multiple‑comparison correction.
Cluster RCT nested analysis: modest increase in dietary zinc from biofortified wheat produced biochemical shifts (DHA and some pro‑inflammatory oxylipins) but intervention effects were not significant after multiple‑comparison correction.
Randomized trial in non‑alcoholic cirrhosis showed 90 days of 50 mg zinc daily improved Child‑Pugh score and lowered copper and creatinine versus placebo.
Randomized trial in non‑alcoholic cirrhosis showed 90 days of 50 mg zinc daily improved Child‑Pugh score and lowered copper and creatinine versus placebo.
Maternal zinc supplementation during pregnancy did not change offspring cardiometabolic risk markers (body size, blood pressure, lipids, insulin resistance) at 4.5 years.
Randomized placebo-controlled supplement (45 mg/day zinc) for 60 days in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis found no additional in vivo effect of zinc on measured cellular immune responses.
Randomized placebo-controlled supplement (45 mg/day zinc) for 60 days in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis found no additional in vivo effect of zinc on measured cellular immune responses.
Large randomized trial in adolescents receiving iron, zinc, iron+zinc, or placebo for 24 weeks: iron (with or without zinc) reduced anaemia prevalence; zinc increased serum zinc but did not improve growth.
Large randomized trial in adolescents receiving iron, zinc, iron+zinc, or placebo for 24 weeks: iron (with or without zinc) reduced anaemia prevalence; zinc increased serum zinc but did not improve growth.
Large randomized trial in adolescents receiving iron, zinc, iron+zinc, or placebo for 24 weeks: iron (with or without zinc) reduced anaemia prevalence; zinc increased serum zinc but did not improve growth.
Randomized double-blind trial in pregnant women: micronutrient supplement raised maternal vitamin levels, was associated with 10% higher birth weights and fewer low-birth-weight infants; maternal plasma zinc correlated with newborn height.
Large cluster RCT of antenatal micronutrient regimens found folic acid–iron reduced low birthweight; folic acid–iron–zinc showed no additional benefit over control for birth size.
Randomized double-blind trial in pregnant women: micronutrient supplement raised maternal vitamin levels, was associated with 10% higher birth weights and fewer low-birth-weight infants; maternal plasma zinc correlated with newborn height.
A community feeding intervention increased mothers' knowledge and improved children's intakes of calcium, iron, niacin, and zinc, though calcium intake/density remained below desired levels.
A community feeding intervention increased mothers' knowledge and improved children's intakes of calcium, iron, niacin, and zinc, though calcium intake/density remained below desired levels.
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in 60 adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia; an 8-week nutraceutical containing bergamot/artichoke/Q10 and zinc improved lipids, inflammation markers and endothelial reactivity versus placebo.
Parallel-group randomized trial (n=25) testing oral zinc given before BTXA injections for gummy smile; zinc prolonged and enhanced BTXA effect with higher patient satisfaction.
Parallel-group randomized trial (n=25) testing oral zinc given before BTXA injections for gummy smile; zinc prolonged and enhanced BTXA effect with higher patient satisfaction.
Cross-sectional baseline survey of HIV-infected Ugandan children (1–5 y); measured serum zinc and associated factors.
Cross-sectional baseline survey of HIV-infected Ugandan children (1–5 y); measured serum zinc and associated factors.
In infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis, one week of vitamin D (plus routine care) did not produce significant improvements in respiratory outcomes or hospital stay compared with control.
Double-blind RCT in 90 children receiving intensified chemotherapy testing oral zinc 1 mg/kg/day for 14 days; zinc did not reduce incidence, severity or duration of oral mucositis versus placebo.
Double-blind RCT in 90 children receiving intensified chemotherapy testing oral zinc 1 mg/kg/day for 14 days; zinc did not reduce incidence, severity or duration of oral mucositis versus placebo.
Community-based double-blind randomized trial in infants (6–24 months) comparing vitamin A + daily zinc vs vitamin A alone over 6 months; combined supplementation reduced clinical malaria incidence.
Two multicenter studies: a double-blind RCT (NPC-02 zinc acetate, n≈56 efficacy-set) and a dose-adjustment study (n=43); zinc acetate significantly raised serum zinc and dose-dependently increased concentrations with acceptable safety.
Two multicenter studies: a double-blind RCT (NPC-02 zinc acetate, n≈56 efficacy-set) and a dose-adjustment study (n=43); zinc acetate significantly raised serum zinc and dose-dependently increased concentrations with acceptable safety.
Zinc (alone or with iron/folic acid) did not consistently improve infant information-processing; the zinc+iron+folic acid group showed a small decrease in novelty preference at 52 weeks and mixed A-not-B task results.
Zinc (alone or with iron/folic acid) did not consistently improve infant information-processing; the zinc+iron+folic acid group showed a small decrease in novelty preference at 52 weeks and mixed A-not-B task results.
Zinc (alone or with iron/folic acid) did not consistently improve infant information-processing; the zinc+iron+folic acid group showed a small decrease in novelty preference at 52 weeks and mixed A-not-B task results.
Adding 15 mg/day zinc from 16 weeks gestation to routine iron/folic acid did not improve birth weight or other measured pregnancy outcomes.
Adding 15 mg/day zinc from 16 weeks gestation to routine iron/folic acid did not improve birth weight or other measured pregnancy outcomes.
In hemodialysis patients receiving zinc supplements, higher pre-dialysis serum creatinine was associated with poorer/late biochemical response to zinc over 3 months.
In hemodialysis patients receiving zinc supplements, higher pre-dialysis serum creatinine was associated with poorer/late biochemical response to zinc over 3 months.
A combination tablet containing Echinacea plus zinc, selenium and vitamin C (EP+) reduced severity and duration of COPD exacerbations after URTI compared with placebo; effect attributed to the combination, not zinc alone.
90-day randomized, double-blind trial in 12–24 month olds testing probiotic, zinc (8 mg elemental), their combination, or placebo.
90-day randomized, double-blind trial in 12–24 month olds testing probiotic, zinc (8 mg elemental), their combination, or placebo.
Providing biofortified wheat increased dietary zinc by ~1.5 mg/day but did not raise plasma zinc; it was associated with a reduction in an inflammation marker (AGP).
Randomized trial in healthy adult men (25 mg zinc daily for 13 days) comparing zinc taken fasted vs with food; measured plasma zinc and estimated FADS activities.
Cluster-randomized trial (biochemistry subgroup) in infants found varying zinc doses in SQ-LNS did not change plasma zinc, while the SQ-LNS plus illness treatment improved iron and vitamin A status and reduced anemia prevalence compared with non-intervention cohort.
9-month double-masked RCT in 1–3 y old stunted, mostly zinc-deficient children comparing zinc-biofortified rice vs control rice; primary outcome plasma zinc concentration.
9-month double-masked RCT in 1–3 y old stunted, mostly zinc-deficient children comparing zinc-biofortified rice vs control rice; primary outcome plasma zinc concentration.
9-month double-masked RCT in 1–3 y old stunted, mostly zinc-deficient children comparing zinc-biofortified rice vs control rice; primary outcome plasma zinc concentration.
Randomized trial in healthy adult men (25 mg zinc daily for 13 days) comparing zinc taken fasted vs with food; measured plasma zinc and estimated FADS activities.
Randomized prenatal supplement trial (iron+folate with or without 15 mg zinc) in pregnant women; fetal heart rate and movement were assessed at 32 and 36 weeks.
Randomized prenatal supplement trial (iron+folate with or without 15 mg zinc) in pregnant women; fetal heart rate and movement were assessed at 32 and 36 weeks.
Randomized prenatal supplement trial (iron+folate with or without 15 mg zinc) in pregnant women; fetal heart rate and movement were assessed at 32 and 36 weeks.
Randomized controlled trial in hospitalized adults with HIV comparing standard diet vs standard + 100 g RUTF (provided zinc among other nutrients); final analysis n=37.
Randomized controlled trial in hospitalized adults with HIV comparing standard diet vs standard + 100 g RUTF (provided zinc among other nutrients); final analysis n=37.
In migraine patients, 8 weeks of zinc (50 mg elemental) reduced monthly attack frequency; other migraine measures changed less consistently.
In migraine patients, 8 weeks of zinc (50 mg elemental) reduced monthly attack frequency; other migraine measures changed less consistently.
In Nepali infants, zinc supplementation modestly reduced the rate of decline in head circumference z-score over one year.
In children with acute diarrhea, adding zinc (or zinc+copper) increased treatment costs without providing additional clinical benefit in this study.
In children with acute diarrhea, adding zinc (or zinc+copper) increased treatment costs without providing additional clinical benefit in this study.
Daily sprinkles containing multiple micronutrients (including 5 mg zinc) improved anemia recovery versus placebo but did not prevent declines in growth z-scores.
A regimen including zinc-containing toothpaste and zinc-containing mouthwash produced greater reductions in gingival inflammation and plaque than control over 1–6 months.
Adding a dentifrice and rinse containing sanguinaria extract and zinc chloride to initial periodontal therapy provided no additional short-term benefit over placebo.
A regimen including zinc-containing toothpaste and zinc-containing mouthwash produced greater reductions in gingival inflammation and plaque than control over 1–6 months.
Short course (10 days) of sugar-free zinc lozenges did not change serum fructosamine or glucose measures in people with diabetes.
Short course (10 days) of sugar-free zinc lozenges did not change serum fructosamine or glucose measures in people with diabetes.
Giving small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (with morbidity treatment) to 9–18 month old children increased weight and lean mass; adding extra zinc (in LNS or tablets) had no detectable effect on body composition.
Giving small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (with morbidity treatment) to 9–18 month old children increased weight and lean mass; adding extra zinc (in LNS or tablets) had no detectable effect on body composition.
Six months of daily zinc (and/or iron) in lead-exposed children did not produce consistent or lasting improvements in cognitive test performance.
Long-term supplementation with antioxidants and zinc+copper had no detectable benefit or harm on cognition in older adults.
Daily zinc (alone or with iron-folic acid) for one year did not improve motor or language milestone attainment in Nepali infants and toddlers.
Daily zinc (alone or with iron-folic acid) for one year did not improve motor or language milestone attainment in Nepali infants and toddlers.
A 3-year homestead food production programme did not change haemoglobin, iron, vitamin A, or zinc biomarker status in women or children at endline.
A 3-year homestead food production programme did not change haemoglobin, iron, vitamin A, or zinc biomarker status in women or children at endline.
In a cluster randomized trial of young children, iron-containing micronutrient powder (which also contained 5 mg zinc) modestly improved haemoglobin and reduced anaemia and iron deficiency compared to non-iron MNP.
In 60 women with PCOS, 12 weeks of magnesium plus zinc supplementation reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and downregulated inflammatory gene expression compared with placebo.
In 60 women with PCOS, 12 weeks of magnesium plus zinc supplementation reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and downregulated inflammatory gene expression compared with placebo.
Twelve weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in women with PCOS reduced hirsutism and some inflammation/oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity.
In 60 women with PCOS, 12 weeks of magnesium plus zinc supplementation reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and downregulated inflammatory gene expression compared with placebo.
In women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of zinc (30 mg/day) increased serum zinc and antioxidant capacity and lowered hs-CRP, without changing pregnancy outcomes.
In women with T2DM and CHD, 12-week combined magnesium and zinc supplementation modestly improved fasting glucose, insulin, HDL, inflammatory marker CRP, antioxidant markers, and depression/anxiety scores versus placebo.
In pregnant women at risk for IUGR, 30 mg/day zinc for 10 weeks reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and lowered insulin; no effect on uterine artery PI.
Eight weeks of zinc supplementation in postmenopausal women improved erythrocyte zinc status and was associated with enhanced antioxidant markers.
In 60 women with PCOS, 12 weeks of magnesium plus zinc supplementation reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and downregulated inflammatory gene expression compared with placebo.
In 40 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, adding oral quail egg with zinc to topical steroid therapy improved nasal symptoms and control compared with steroid alone.
In 40 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, adding oral quail egg with zinc to topical steroid therapy improved nasal symptoms and control compared with steroid alone.
Study of a urine fluorometry index (UFMI) that identifies Zn-coproporphyrin to diagnose neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) with high accuracy.
In adults with prediabetes, 20 mg/day zinc reduced progression to type 2 diabetes and improved glycemic and some lipid measures over 12 months.
6-month RCT of Lysulin (lysine, zinc, vitamin C) in pre-diabetes reduced progression to diabetes and improved glycaemic and lipid measures versus placebo.
In 60 women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and modestly lowered fasting glucose.
In women with T2DM and CHD, 12-week combined magnesium and zinc supplementation modestly improved fasting glucose, insulin, HDL, inflammatory marker CRP, antioxidant markers, and depression/anxiety scores versus placebo.
Adding zinc to fluoxetine improved OCD scale scores more than fluoxetine alone over 8 weeks.
Oral zinc given during radiotherapy delayed and reduced severity of mucositis and dermatitis versus placebo.
Oral zinc given during radiotherapy delayed and reduced severity of mucositis and dermatitis versus placebo.
Daily 10 mg zinc for 3 months raised serum zinc and reduced serum iron (AUC) in healthy 8–9-year-old children without causing anemia.
In infants, zinc increased risk of iron deficiency at 6 months while multivitamins reduced iron deficiency and lowered risk of severe anemia; zinc did not increase long-term anemia risk.
In infants, zinc increased risk of iron deficiency at 6 months while multivitamins reduced iron deficiency and lowered risk of severe anemia; zinc did not increase long-term anemia risk.
Among nursing-home residents, normal serum zinc was associated with lower pneumonia incidence, shorter illness duration, fewer antibiotic prescriptions, and lower mortality.
Among nursing-home residents, normal serum zinc was associated with lower pneumonia incidence, shorter illness duration, fewer antibiotic prescriptions, and lower mortality.
Giving one egg daily for six months did not improve plasma zinc, selenium, copper or magnesium; plasma iron decreased in the egg group.
Maternal B12 deficiency in pregnancy was linked to higher insulin resistance in school-aged offspring; antenatal micronutrient supplements (including groups that contained zinc) did not significantly alter this outcome.
Maternal B12 deficiency in pregnancy was linked to higher insulin resistance in school-aged offspring; antenatal micronutrient supplements (including groups that contained zinc) did not significantly alter this outcome.
Maternal B12 deficiency in pregnancy was linked to higher insulin resistance in school-aged offspring; antenatal micronutrient supplements (including groups that contained zinc) did not significantly alter this outcome.
Adding casein phosphopeptides to rice-based infant cereal increased zinc (and calcium) absorption; no effect when added to whole-grain cereal.
Adding casein phosphopeptides to rice-based infant cereal increased zinc (and calcium) absorption; no effect when added to whole-grain cereal.
Adding casein phosphopeptides to rice-based infant cereal increased zinc (and calcium) absorption; no effect when added to whole-grain cereal.
Zinc supplementation during radiotherapy delayed development of severe mucositis in patients with oral cancers but showed no benefit in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.
Zinc supplementation during radiotherapy delayed development of severe mucositis in patients with oral cancers but showed no benefit in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.
Daily oral polaprezinc (34 mg Zn/day) in zinc-deficient hemodialysis patients increased serum zinc, lowered serum copper and ferritin, and reduced the erythropoietin responsiveness index (ERI), allowing lower ESA requirements.
Adding 30 mg/day zinc to essential amino acids-whey protein supplements in frail elderly accelerated IGF-I rise, reduced a bone resorption marker, and improved activities of daily living over 4 weeks.
Adding 30 mg/day zinc to essential amino acids-whey protein supplements in frail elderly accelerated IGF-I rise, reduced a bone resorption marker, and improved activities of daily living over 4 weeks.
Adding 30 mg/day zinc to essential amino acids-whey protein supplements in frail elderly accelerated IGF-I rise, reduced a bone resorption marker, and improved activities of daily living over 4 weeks.
Four weeks of daily zinc (9 mg) in 9–11 y girls raised blood zinc and a bone formation marker.
Eight weeks of daily zinc (20 mg) in obese prepubertal children reduced fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance.
Two weeks of zinc syrup (20 mg/day) in children with persistent diarrhoea shortened recovery time in underweight kids and prevented weight and serum zinc loss.
Two weeks of zinc syrup (20 mg/day) in children with persistent diarrhoea shortened recovery time in underweight kids and prevented weight and serum zinc loss.
Weekly zinc (70 mg) increased serum zinc by 16% in preschool children selected for low/marginal nutrient status; growth effects were driven by vitamin A, not zinc.
In HIV+ adults, inflammation lowered plasma zinc and prevented increases after a micronutrient supplement containing 15 mg zinc/day; in non-inflamed subjects plasma zinc rose ~10%.
In HIV+ adults, inflammation lowered plasma zinc and prevented increases after a micronutrient supplement containing 15 mg zinc/day; in non-inflamed subjects plasma zinc rose ~10%.
A single brushing with a zinc-containing experimental toothpaste substantially reduced sulfur compounds in morning breath compared with a non-zinc control.
A single brushing with a zinc-containing experimental toothpaste substantially reduced sulfur compounds in morning breath compared with a non-zinc control.
A single brushing with a zinc-containing experimental toothpaste substantially reduced sulfur compounds in morning breath compared with a non-zinc control.
Twelve weeks of maternal zinc supplementation increased maternal serum zinc, raised cord blood osteocalcin, and was associated with slightly longer neonatal birth length.
Twelve weeks of maternal zinc supplementation increased maternal serum zinc, raised cord blood osteocalcin, and was associated with slightly longer neonatal birth length.
Twelve weeks of maternal zinc supplementation increased maternal serum zinc, raised cord blood osteocalcin, and was associated with slightly longer neonatal birth length.
Processing complementary cereal-based food to increase zinc solubility did not change infant hair zinc levels or growth between 6 and 12 months.
Processing complementary cereal-based food to increase zinc solubility did not change infant hair zinc levels or growth between 6 and 12 months.
Oral zinc plus phototherapy in preterm neonates with jaundice led to lower serum bilirubin compared with phototherapy alone on days 8–10 of admission.
In a randomized crossover isotope study, zinc-biofortified potatoes provided ~22.5% more total absorbed zinc per meal than regular potatoes despite a lower fractional absorption.
Zinc supplementation (alone or with other micronutrients) given with rehydration significantly reduced duration and volume of diarrhea in young children compared with placebo.
Providing biofortified wheat increased dietary zinc by ~1.5 mg/day but did not raise plasma zinc; it was associated with a reduction in an inflammation marker (AGP).
A zinc-containing gel ORS increased fluid intake and reduced diarrhea duration and persistence at 72 h in young children with acute gastroenteritis.
A zinc-containing gel ORS increased fluid intake and reduced diarrhea duration and persistence at 72 h in young children with acute gastroenteritis.
Higher-iron formula showed lower plasma zinc and copper at 12 months (trend) but no cognitive benefit; zinc was measured as a secondary outcome.
Higher-iron formula showed lower plasma zinc and copper at 12 months (trend) but no cognitive benefit; zinc was measured as a secondary outcome.
Daily zinc (10 mg) reduced percentage of days with URTI, with a stronger (significant) effect after vitamin A administration.
Daily zinc (10 mg) reduced percentage of days with URTI, with a stronger (significant) effect after vitamin A administration.
Daily zinc (10 mg) reduced percentage of days with URTI, with a stronger (significant) effect after vitamin A administration.
A bundle including zinc did not improve markers of environmental enteric dysfunction (L:M ratio) or linear growth over 12–24 weeks in young Malawian children.
A bundle including zinc did not improve markers of environmental enteric dysfunction (L:M ratio) or linear growth over 12–24 weeks in young Malawian children.
In COVID-19 patients, adding zinc to hydroxychloroquine did not change 28-day recovery, need for ventilation, or death.
In COVID-19 patients, adding zinc to hydroxychloroquine did not change 28-day recovery, need for ventilation, or death.
In COVID-19 patients, adding zinc to hydroxychloroquine did not change 28-day recovery, need for ventilation, or death.
Randomized trial of zinc (45 mg) and multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplementation during 8 months of TB treatment in 499 patients, assessing weight gain and survival.
Fortified biscuits (including iodine) increased iodine and other micronutrient status and reduced anemia in primary schoolchildren and improved deworming effectiveness.
In adolescents, a zinc-reinforced glass-ionomer restorative had lower 2-year survival (85.3%) than the comparator (95.4%).
Children with cholera given 30 mg/day zinc recovered faster and had shorter diarrhoea and lower stool output than placebo.
Daily zinc supplementation reduced diarrhea and unexplained fever in Tanzanian preschool children but did not affect respiratory illness.
Daily zinc supplementation reduced diarrhea and unexplained fever in Tanzanian preschool children but did not affect respiratory illness.
Daily zinc supplementation reduced diarrhea and unexplained fever in Tanzanian preschool children but did not affect respiratory illness.
In burned children, combined vitamin C+E+zinc lowered lipid peroxidation and sped wound healing compared with placebo.
In burned children, combined vitamin C+E+zinc lowered lipid peroxidation and sped wound healing compared with placebo.
Infants given 3 mg/day zinc showed higher hair zinc but no significant improvements in weight or length growth over 6 months.
Infants given 3 mg/day zinc showed higher hair zinc but no significant improvements in weight or length growth over 6 months.
Daily preventive zinc (7–10 mg/day) raised plasma zinc and (exploratorily) nail zinc but did not change hair zinc in young Laotian children after ~9 months.
Adjunctive vitamin A plus zinc for 8 weeks did not change time to sputum smear or culture conversion or weight gain in adults with pulmonary TB.
Zinc supplementation (10 mg) in children with PEM reduced in-hospital mortality and several morbidity outcomes and improved short-term weight status post-discharge.
Zinc supplementation (10 mg) in children with PEM reduced in-hospital mortality and several morbidity outcomes and improved short-term weight status post-discharge.
In obese adolescents on low-energy diets, plasma zinc did not change over 12 weeks; plasma zinc correlated modestly with zinc intake and protein intake, and phytate:zinc ratio indicated lower zinc bioavailability with high-carb diet.
In obese adolescents on low-energy diets, plasma zinc did not change over 12 weeks; plasma zinc correlated modestly with zinc intake and protein intake, and phytate:zinc ratio indicated lower zinc bioavailability with high-carb diet.
Introducing pureed beef as first complementary food increased zinc intake and was associated with greater head growth; blood zinc did not differ between groups.
Introducing pureed beef as first complementary food increased zinc intake and was associated with greater head growth; blood zinc did not differ between groups.
Type 2 diabetics had lower serum zinc than controls; 3 months of oral zinc supplementation raised serum zinc and reduced HbA1c% in supplemented patients.
Type 2 diabetics had lower serum zinc than controls; 3 months of oral zinc supplementation raised serum zinc and reduced HbA1c% in supplemented patients.
Six months of zinc supplementation increased plasma vitamin A (dose- and time-dependent) but did not affect vitamin E/cholesterol ratio or erythrocyte folates.
Six months of zinc supplementation increased plasma vitamin A (dose- and time-dependent) but did not affect vitamin E/cholesterol ratio or erythrocyte folates.
Six months of zinc supplementation increased plasma vitamin A (dose- and time-dependent) but did not affect vitamin E/cholesterol ratio or erythrocyte folates.
Oral zinc as adjunctive therapy did not shorten time to recovery or significantly reduce treatment failure in children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia.
Oral zinc as adjunctive therapy did not shorten time to recovery or significantly reduce treatment failure in children with radiologically confirmed pneumonia.
In preterm neonates with late-onset sepsis, 10 days of oral zinc plus antibiotics improved clinical sepsis scores and reduced CRP and procalcitonin versus placebo plus antibiotics.
In preterm neonates with late-onset sepsis, 10 days of oral zinc plus antibiotics improved clinical sepsis scores and reduced CRP and procalcitonin versus placebo plus antibiotics.
All three oral iron preparations (including an iron–zinc combination) raised hemoglobin levels by weeks 4 and 8; iron–zinc performed similarly to other formulations.
Daily preventive zinc (7–10 mg/day) raised plasma zinc and (exploratorily) nail zinc but did not change hair zinc in young Laotian children after ~9 months.
In hospitalized children 5–12 years with acute dehydrating diarrhea, 40 mg/day zinc for 14 days did not shorten diarrhea duration or significantly change rehydration, hospitalization time, or recurrence.
In 125 heavy male smokers with infertility, zinc therapy improved sperm quality measures and shifted cytokine profiles (increased IL-4, decreased TNF-α and IFN-γ); supporting an immunomodulatory role of zinc.
In 125 heavy male smokers with infertility, zinc therapy improved sperm quality measures and shifted cytokine profiles (increased IL-4, decreased TNF-α and IFN-γ); supporting an immunomodulatory role of zinc.
A mouthwash containing an amine compound + zinc lactate + fluoride reduced gum inflammation and dental plaque more than a non‑active control over 6 months.
Zinc supplementation in zinc‑deficient ESRD patients increased serum zinc and substantially reduced plasma homocysteine vs placebo over ~6 weeks.
Twelve weeks of zinc (40 mg/day) ± flaxseed oil in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes produced no significant changes in glycemic markers or zinc transporter/metallothionein gene expression.
Twelve weeks of zinc (40 mg/day) ± flaxseed oil in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes produced no significant changes in glycemic markers or zinc transporter/metallothionein gene expression.
Twelve weeks of zinc (40 mg/day) ± flaxseed oil in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes produced no significant changes in glycemic markers or zinc transporter/metallothionein gene expression.
48 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes received zinc (40 mg/day) ± ALA or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc raised plasma zinc but did not change inflammatory marker concentrations.
Prenatal zinc supplementation produced a small increase in newborn length but had no effect on birth weight, neonatal morbidity, or mortality.
Prenatal zinc supplementation produced a small increase in newborn length but had no effect on birth weight, neonatal morbidity, or mortality.
Topical nitric‑zinc complex solution cured about 56.6% of plantar warts but had a slightly lower cure rate and required more treatment applications than cryotherapy.
Topical nitric‑zinc complex solution cured about 56.6% of plantar warts but had a slightly lower cure rate and required more treatment applications than cryotherapy.
Topical nitric‑zinc complex solution cured about 56.6% of plantar warts but had a slightly lower cure rate and required more treatment applications than cryotherapy.
In pregnant African-American women, zinc supplementation did not change pregnancy outcomes, blood pressure, or ACE activity.
In pregnant African-American women, zinc supplementation did not change pregnancy outcomes, blood pressure, or ACE activity.
In pregnant African-American women, zinc supplementation did not change pregnancy outcomes, blood pressure, or ACE activity.
In a 4-month trial of rosuvastatin with or without zinc supplementation, zinc had no measurable effect on zinc status markers, SOD activity, or MT gene expression.
In children with acute diarrhea, zinc (alone or with copper) did not change short-term morbidity or growth over 12 weeks.
In children with acute diarrhea, zinc (alone or with copper) did not change short-term morbidity or growth over 12 weeks.
Zinc gluconate treatment increased rates of smell recovery after head injury compared with no treatment.
Zinc gluconate treatment increased rates of smell recovery after head injury compared with no treatment.
In healthy term breastfed U.S. infants, daily 5 mg zinc supplementation produced no changes in growth, morbidity, or motor development.
In healthy term breastfed U.S. infants, daily 5 mg zinc supplementation produced no changes in growth, morbidity, or motor development.
In healthy term breastfed U.S. infants, daily 5 mg zinc supplementation produced no changes in growth, morbidity, or motor development.
In healthy volunteers, a palatal tablet containing zinc reduced volatile sulfide compounds (VSC); herbal formulation was more effective than zinc.
In healthy volunteers, a palatal tablet containing zinc reduced volatile sulfide compounds (VSC); herbal formulation was more effective than zinc.
Children given 20 mg/day zinc for two weeks during persistent diarrhea had fewer and shorter subsequent diarrhoeal episodes and greater linear growth in underweight children over 12 weeks.
Children given 20 mg/day zinc for two weeks during persistent diarrhea had fewer and shorter subsequent diarrhoeal episodes and greater linear growth in underweight children over 12 weeks.
Children given 20 mg/day zinc for two weeks during persistent diarrhea had fewer and shorter subsequent diarrhoeal episodes and greater linear growth in underweight children over 12 weeks.
In a 4-month trial of rosuvastatin with or without zinc supplementation, zinc had no measurable effect on zinc status markers, SOD activity, or MT gene expression.
In a 4-month trial of rosuvastatin with or without zinc supplementation, zinc had no measurable effect on zinc status markers, SOD activity, or MT gene expression.
In Zanzibari infants, iron+folic acid with or without zinc improved motor development; zinc alone was associated with worse language development in the 10–14 month group.
In transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia major patients, 9 months of daily zinc (30 mg) decreased anti-HSP27 antibody titers compared with placebo.
A 14-day zinc course in children with shigellosis increased lymphocyte proliferation and Ipa-specific plasma IgG, with no significant effects on measured cytokines.
A 14-day zinc course in children with shigellosis increased lymphocyte proliferation and Ipa-specific plasma IgG, with no significant effects on measured cytokines.
In this 6-week pilot RCT adding zinc (10 mg/day) to methylphenidate, plasma zinc decline was smaller with supplementation and teachers noted a non-significant improvement in ADHD scores.
In young Burkinabe children, adding 5 or 10 mg zinc to daily SQ-LNS or giving a 5 mg zinc tablet did not reduce diarrhoea, malaria, fever, or respiratory infections compared with SQ-LNS without added zinc.
Daily zinc supplementation did not reduce malaria episodes but increased plasma zinc and markedly reduced zinc deficiency.
Zinc supplementation in full-term small-for-gestational-age infants substantially reduced mortality (primarily infectious disease deaths).
In the subsample assessed at ~15 months, daily zinc (with or without multivitamins) did not improve cognitive, language, or motor development scores.
In the subsample assessed at ~15 months, daily zinc (with or without multivitamins) did not improve cognitive, language, or motor development scores.
In the subsample assessed at ~15 months, daily zinc (with or without multivitamins) did not improve cognitive, language, or motor development scores.
Children with NASH took zinc for 16 weeks and had lower liver enzyme and inflammation and higher HDL, but no change in liver fat on ultrasound.
Children with NASH took zinc for 16 weeks and had lower liver enzyme and inflammation and higher HDL, but no change in liver fat on ultrasound.
In young children with acute diarrhea, zinc given with ORS or as syrup reduced stool output and severity measures but had mixed effects on duration.
In young children with acute diarrhea, zinc given with ORS or as syrup reduced stool output and severity measures but had mixed effects on duration.
In young children with acute diarrhea, zinc given with ORS or as syrup reduced stool output and severity measures but had mixed effects on duration.
Children with recurrent ear infections given a propolis-plus-zinc suspension had fewer new AOM episodes over 3 months than controls.
Children with recurrent ear infections given a propolis-plus-zinc suspension had fewer new AOM episodes over 3 months than controls.
Neonates with probable sepsis given zinc plus standard care had no significant change in mortality, hospital stay, or need for higher-line antibiotics.
Zinc improved weight gain and lean mass measures during the first 3 months but those benefits did not persist over the full 12 months.
Zinc improved weight gain and lean mass measures during the first 3 months but those benefits did not persist over the full 12 months.
Zinc improved weight gain and lean mass measures during the first 3 months but those benefits did not persist over the full 12 months.
In hospitalized young children with severe pneumonia, adjunct zinc did not shorten clinical signs or hospital stay overall and was linked to longer pneumonia duration in the hot season.
Diabetic patients with foot ulcers given zinc for 12 weeks had smaller ulcers and improved blood sugar control, insulin resistance, HDL, and inflammation markers versus placebo.
Diabetic patients with foot ulcers given zinc for 12 weeks had smaller ulcers and improved blood sugar control, insulin resistance, HDL, and inflammation markers versus placebo.
Pregnant women given 30 mg zinc daily from mid-pregnancy to delivery had infants followed to 6 months; maternal zinc reduced infant skin infections.
Pregnant women given 30 mg zinc daily from mid-pregnancy to delivery had infants followed to 6 months; maternal zinc reduced infant skin infections.
Large cluster RCT of antenatal micronutrient regimens found folic acid–iron reduced low birthweight; folic acid–iron–zinc showed no additional benefit over control for birth size.
Randomized trial in pregnant women with low Zn compared 30 mg Zn, Zn+multivitamin, and placebo from recruitment until 1 week postpartum; zinc reduced several pregnancy and early neonatal complications but not mean birth weight.
Randomized trial in pregnant women with low Zn compared 30 mg Zn, Zn+multivitamin, and placebo from recruitment until 1 week postpartum; zinc reduced several pregnancy and early neonatal complications but not mean birth weight.
Randomized trial in pregnant women with low Zn compared 30 mg Zn, Zn+multivitamin, and placebo from recruitment until 1 week postpartum; zinc reduced several pregnancy and early neonatal complications but not mean birth weight.
Cluster-randomized trial of daily zinc (10 mg), iron–folic acid, combination, or placebo in infants/toddlers over ~1 year found no overall effect of zinc on temperament or eating behaviors, except improved eating behavior among children with baseline iron-deficiency anemia.
Cluster-randomized trial of daily zinc (10 mg), iron–folic acid, combination, or placebo in infants/toddlers over ~1 year found no overall effect of zinc on temperament or eating behaviors, except improved eating behavior among children with baseline iron-deficiency anemia.
Cluster-randomized trial of daily zinc (10 mg), iron–folic acid, combination, or placebo in infants/toddlers over ~1 year found no overall effect of zinc on temperament or eating behaviors, except improved eating behavior among children with baseline iron-deficiency anemia.
Substudy of a randomized trial comparing daily preventive zinc, MNP (including zinc), and placebo for 36 weeks in young children found no overall effect of zinc on IGF1 or IGFBP3, though baseline biomarker levels modified growth responses to preventive zinc in some subgroups.
Substudy of a randomized trial comparing daily preventive zinc, MNP (including zinc), and placebo for 36 weeks in young children found no overall effect of zinc on IGF1 or IGFBP3, though baseline biomarker levels modified growth responses to preventive zinc in some subgroups.
Substudy of a randomized trial comparing daily preventive zinc, MNP (including zinc), and placebo for 36 weeks in young children found no overall effect of zinc on IGF1 or IGFBP3, though baseline biomarker levels modified growth responses to preventive zinc in some subgroups.
Mixed in vitro and small in vivo study: zinc induced metallothionein (MTT) expression dose-dependently in renal cell cultures; short-term oral zinc (60 mg/day for 2 days) did not significantly raise serum MTT in patients with impaired kidney function though Zn altered the MTT–eGFR relationship.
Mixed in vitro and small in vivo study: zinc induced metallothionein (MTT) expression dose-dependently in renal cell cultures; short-term oral zinc (60 mg/day for 2 days) did not significantly raise serum MTT in patients with impaired kidney function though Zn altered the MTT–eGFR relationship.
Mixed in vitro and small in vivo study: zinc induced metallothionein (MTT) expression dose-dependently in renal cell cultures; short-term oral zinc (60 mg/day for 2 days) did not significantly raise serum MTT in patients with impaired kidney function though Zn altered the MTT–eGFR relationship.
Children with ASD (52) and controls (22) were compared for blood metals and urinary porphyrins; ASD group had higher blood Cu/Zn ratio and lower coproporphyrins.
Children with ASD (52) and controls (22) were compared for blood metals and urinary porphyrins; ASD group had higher blood Cu/Zn ratio and lower coproporphyrins.
Children with ASD (52) and controls (22) were compared for blood metals and urinary porphyrins; ASD group had higher blood Cu/Zn ratio and lower coproporphyrins.
Double-blind RCT in 80 malnourished children: zinc syrup shortened diarrhoea, reduced stool output and ORS use and improved early recovery rates.
Double-blind RCT in 80 malnourished children: zinc syrup shortened diarrhoea, reduced stool output and ORS use and improved early recovery rates.
Randomized trial in 290 preschoolers: vitamin A + zinc improved height gains; multiple micronutrients yielded greater hemoglobin increases; serum zinc rose most in the vitamin A+zinc group.
Randomized study of 140 HCMV-IgM positive patients: combining zinc (gluconate) with herbal Jinye Baidu granule increased HCMV-IgM negative conversion at moderate (20 mg) and high (30 mg) zinc doses.
Substudy of AREDS (717 participants): 5 years of zinc oxide supplementation increased serum zinc (~17% median) versus ~2% in non-zinc groups, with no significant long-term effects on hematocrit, copper, or lipids.
Pilot randomized trial of clioquinol (a metal-protein-attenuating compound) in Alzheimer patients: treatment was associated with reduced plasma Abeta42, raised plasma zinc, and less cognitive worsening in a more severely affected subgroup.
Pilot randomized trial of clioquinol (a metal-protein-attenuating compound) in Alzheimer patients: treatment was associated with reduced plasma Abeta42, raised plasma zinc, and less cognitive worsening in a more severely affected subgroup.
Randomized double-blind trial (92 completers) found the amine+zinc+lactate+fluoride toothpaste significantly reduced gingivitis and plaque versus a fluoride-only control at 3 and 6 months.
A 4-month RCT sending weekly SMS to caregivers increased some infant nutrient intakes; infants in the SMS feeding-practices group had higher protein, calcium, zinc and grain intake at 4–6 months.
Supplementing underweight infants with LNS or CSB increased nutrient intakes; LNS increased total energy and protein more than control.
A 4-month RCT sending weekly SMS to caregivers increased some infant nutrient intakes; infants in the SMS feeding-practices group had higher protein, calcium, zinc and grain intake at 4–6 months.
A 4-month RCT sending weekly SMS to caregivers increased some infant nutrient intakes; infants in the SMS feeding-practices group had higher protein, calcium, zinc and grain intake at 4–6 months.
Two zinc gluconate dosing regimens (with or without loading dose) showed no difference in inflammatory lesion outcomes over 3 months.
Oral polaprezinc (zinc) at 68 mg/day improved taste sensitivity in patients with idiopathic taste disorders versus placebo.
Zinc gluconate was effective for inflammatory acne but was less effective than minocycline over 3 months.
Zinc gluconate was effective for inflammatory acne but was less effective than minocycline over 3 months.
In adults with prediabetes, 20 mg/day zinc reduced progression to type 2 diabetes and improved glycemic and some lipid measures over 12 months.
In adults with prediabetes, 20 mg/day zinc reduced progression to type 2 diabetes and improved glycemic and some lipid measures over 12 months.
In preschool children, zinc amino acid chelate reduced respiratory infection incidence compared with placebo; effects on diarrhea were directionally lower but not statistically significant.
In preschool children, zinc amino acid chelate reduced respiratory infection incidence compared with placebo; effects on diarrhea were directionally lower but not statistically significant.
In hospitalized young children with severe pneumonia, adjunctive zinc did not shorten recovery time overall; a benefit was suggested in a very severe subgroup but was not robust after adjustment.
In young Laotian children, daily preventive zinc (and some zinc regimens) increased anti-E. coli IgG levels, and preventive zinc improved antibody avidity in zinc-deficient children.
In young Laotian children, daily preventive zinc (and some zinc regimens) increased anti-E. coli IgG levels, and preventive zinc improved antibody avidity in zinc-deficient children.
Single 40 mg zinc lozenge given 30 minutes before intubation reduced early postoperative sore throat incidence and lowered mild/moderate severity.
Single 40 mg zinc lozenge given 30 minutes before intubation reduced early postoperative sore throat incidence and lowered mild/moderate severity.
Single 40 mg zinc lozenge given 30 minutes before intubation reduced early postoperative sore throat incidence and lowered mild/moderate severity.
Children given a mixture (Lactobacillus GG + vitamins B/C + zinc) had fewer nosocomial infections, less diarrhoea, and shorter hospital stays than placebo.
Children given a mixture (Lactobacillus GG + vitamins B/C + zinc) had fewer nosocomial infections, less diarrhoea, and shorter hospital stays than placebo.
An infant formula containing probiotics, prebiotics, fiber and increased zinc+iron shortened duration of acute diarrhea versus control formula.
In long-term follow-up of AREDS2 participants, low versus high zinc doses showed no significant effect on progression to late AMD.
Eight weeks of zinc supplementation in postmenopausal women improved erythrocyte zinc status and was associated with enhanced antioxidant markers.
Long-term daily supplementation with a capsule containing vitamins and minerals (including 20 mg zinc) did not improve health-related quality of life versus placebo.
Follow-up of infants given multiple micronutrients (including zinc) vs iron alone found no long-term benefits on preschool cognitive, executive function or behavioural outcomes.
Follow-up of infants given multiple micronutrients (including zinc) vs iron alone found no long-term benefits on preschool cognitive, executive function or behavioural outcomes.
Follow-up of infants given multiple micronutrients (including zinc) vs iron alone found no long-term benefits on preschool cognitive, executive function or behavioural outcomes.
Daily micronutrient powder containing zinc modestly increased growth and reduced iron-deficiency anaemia but was associated with more diarrhoea in young children.
Daily micronutrient powder containing zinc modestly increased growth and reduced iron-deficiency anaemia but was associated with more diarrhoea in young children.
Daily micronutrient powder containing zinc modestly increased growth and reduced iron-deficiency anaemia but was associated with more diarrhoea in young children.
Ten weeks of combined zinc, vitamin A, and magnesium supplementation increased FT4 and lowered hs-CRP compared with placebo in hypothyroid patients.
Twelve weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in women with PCOS reduced hirsutism and some inflammation/oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity.
In women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of zinc (30 mg/day) increased serum zinc and antioxidant capacity and lowered hs-CRP, without changing pregnancy outcomes.
In pregnant women at risk for IUGR, 30 mg/day zinc for 10 weeks reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and lowered insulin; no effect on uterine artery PI.
Six weeks of oral zinc in patients with diabetic neuropathy improved glycemic control and peripheral nerve conduction compared with placebo.
Six weeks of oral zinc in patients with diabetic neuropathy improved glycemic control and peripheral nerve conduction compared with placebo.
Among 224 postmenopausal women given vitamin D and calcium, whole-body bone density and T-scores decreased over 2 years; zinc supplementation effects depended on baseline zinc intake.
50 mg zinc daily for 8 weeks lowered oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes.
50 mg zinc daily for 8 weeks lowered oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes.
50 mg zinc daily for 8 weeks lowered oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes.
Matched case-control study in Nepalese men found an inverse association between dietary calcium intake and coronary artery disease by G-estimation, but results were inconsistent across analytic methods.
Large randomized trial of daily low-dose antioxidant supplement (included 20 mg Zn) showed lower total cancer incidence in men but not in women after 7.5 years.
Long-term low-dose antioxidant/multi-mineral supplementation (including 20 mg zinc) reduced total cancer incidence and all-cause mortality in men but not in women over ~7.5 years.
Long-term low-dose antioxidant/multi-mineral supplementation (including 20 mg zinc) reduced total cancer incidence and all-cause mortality in men but not in women over ~7.5 years.
Randomized clinical observation: Jingling oral liquid increased pregnancy rates and improved semen parameters including higher seminal zinc and SOD.
Randomized clinical observation: Jingling oral liquid increased pregnancy rates and improved semen parameters including higher seminal zinc and SOD.
Double-blind RCT: oral zinc raised serum zinc but did not improve rosacea severity vs placebo over 90 days.
Cross-over trial: zinc- and strontium-containing toothpastes/rinses markedly reduced morning volatile sulfur compounds compared with controls.
Cross-over trial: zinc- and strontium-containing toothpastes/rinses markedly reduced morning volatile sulfur compounds compared with controls.
Cross-over trial: zinc- and strontium-containing toothpastes/rinses markedly reduced morning volatile sulfur compounds compared with controls.
Pharmacogenetic analysis of AREDS: CFH genotype influenced response to AREDS supplements containing zinc, with a significant interaction observed.
Cluster-randomized trial in 6–24 month children comparing rice-based fortified complementary food, sprinkle powder (both containing iron+zinc), or education only for 6 months; fortified complementary food increased haemoglobin and reduced anemia but did not affect linear growth.
Cluster-randomized trial in 6–24 month children comparing rice-based fortified complementary food, sprinkle powder (both containing iron+zinc), or education only for 6 months; fortified complementary food increased haemoglobin and reduced anemia but did not affect linear growth.
Preterm infants fed a nutrient-enriched formula (higher protein, Ca, P, and zinc) had greater linear growth, bone mineral content, and lean mass by 3 months corrected age compared with standard formula.
Preterm infants fed a nutrient-enriched formula (higher protein, Ca, P, and zinc) had greater linear growth, bone mineral content, and lean mass by 3 months corrected age compared with standard formula.
Subanalysis of a large double-blind RCT in Tanzanian infants showed that daily preventive zinc (and/or multivitamins) did not reduce EED or systemic inflammation biomarkers at 6 months.
Subanalysis of a large double-blind RCT in Tanzanian infants showed that daily preventive zinc (and/or multivitamins) did not reduce EED or systemic inflammation biomarkers at 6 months.
Subanalysis of a large double-blind RCT in Tanzanian infants showed that daily preventive zinc (and/or multivitamins) did not reduce EED or systemic inflammation biomarkers at 6 months.
A low-sodium diet in pregnancy reduced magnesium intake but maternal magnesium homeostasis was maintained via reduced urinary excretion.
Adding a package (including zinc) to standard care did not significantly increase sustained recovery from moderate acute malnutrition over 12 months.
A protein/arginine/zinc/vitamin C–enriched oral supplement accelerated pressure ulcer healing versus standard nutrition over 12 weeks, but zinc was not tested alone.
A protein/arginine/zinc/vitamin C–enriched oral supplement accelerated pressure ulcer healing versus standard nutrition over 12 weeks, but zinc was not tested alone.
In patients with halitosis, treatments including zinc tablets significantly lowered salivary amine levels, but levels began to rise again by 3 months; zinc was one of several interventions.
Fortified porridge improved anemia, iron and selenium status in Zambian infants but did not significantly raise overall serum zinc.
Zinc sulfate was associated with reduced hyperactivity, impulsivity and impaired socialization symptoms in children with ADHD, but did not improve attention symptoms; overall response rates were modest.
Zinc sulfate was associated with reduced hyperactivity, impulsivity and impaired socialization symptoms in children with ADHD, but did not improve attention symptoms; overall response rates were modest.
Zinc sulfate was associated with reduced hyperactivity, impulsivity and impaired socialization symptoms in children with ADHD, but did not improve attention symptoms; overall response rates were modest.
Oral lactoferrin with vitamin E and zinc significantly reduced acne lesion counts versus placebo (maximum ~28.5% reduction) and improved sebum and both comedonal and inflammatory lesions.
Oral lactoferrin with vitamin E and zinc significantly reduced acne lesion counts versus placebo (maximum ~28.5% reduction) and improved sebum and both comedonal and inflammatory lesions.
Oral lactoferrin with vitamin E and zinc significantly reduced acne lesion counts versus placebo (maximum ~28.5% reduction) and improved sebum and both comedonal and inflammatory lesions.
A 4-month randomized trial in women with low iron stores tested dietary advice, iron supplement, or placebo and measured zinc status; iron supplements with meals appeared to lower zinc status.
A randomized clinical trial compared combination therapy including zinc versus corticosteroids in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis and found similar survival at 180 days.
A randomized clinical trial compared combination therapy including zinc versus corticosteroids in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis and found similar survival at 180 days.
A randomized clinical trial compared combination therapy including zinc versus corticosteroids in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis and found similar survival at 180 days.
Cross-sectional baseline data from the ZENITH study showed no correlation between BMR and thyroid hormones but found a modest negative correlation between total T4 and red blood cell zinc.
A randomized controlled trial in iron-depleted schoolchildren found that NaFeEDTA-fortified wheat improved iron status but did not change urinary zinc excretion after 7 months.
Nested case-control study found placental cadmium associated with higher odds of preeclampsia and reported interactions with placental selenium and zinc levels; placental zinc levels were higher in cases.
Nested case-control study found placental cadmium associated with higher odds of preeclampsia and reported interactions with placental selenium and zinc levels; placental zinc levels were higher in cases.
Nested case-control study found placental cadmium associated with higher odds of preeclampsia and reported interactions with placental selenium and zinc levels; placental zinc levels were higher in cases.
One-year calcium supplementation in lactating Gambian women did not change urinary magnesium excretion or iron/zinc blood markers.
One-year calcium supplementation in lactating Gambian women did not change urinary magnesium excretion or iron/zinc blood markers.
A fluoride/zinc dentifrice reduced gingivitis and dental plaque versus a fluoride-only dentifrice after six months of twice-daily use.
A fluoride/zinc dentifrice reduced gingivitis and dental plaque versus a fluoride-only dentifrice after six months of twice-daily use.
In hospitalized infants with severe ALRI, zinc shortened duration of very ill status and fever in boys (not girls) and raised serum zinc at discharge.
In hospitalized infants with severe ALRI, zinc shortened duration of very ill status and fever in boys (not girls) and raised serum zinc at discharge.
In hospitalized infants with severe ALRI, zinc shortened duration of very ill status and fever in boys (not girls) and raised serum zinc at discharge.
Supplemental zinc (3 mg/day) did not affect plasma leptin, ghrelin, insulin, or anthropometric growth indices over 6 months in these infants.
Supplemental zinc (3 mg/day) did not affect plasma leptin, ghrelin, insulin, or anthropometric growth indices over 6 months in these infants.
Supplemental zinc (3 mg/day) did not affect plasma leptin, ghrelin, insulin, or anthropometric growth indices over 6 months in these infants.
Anakinra plus zinc had lower 90-day overall and transplant-free survival and higher acute kidney injury incidence compared with prednisone in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis; zinc was given as part of combination therapy.
Anakinra plus zinc had lower 90-day overall and transplant-free survival and higher acute kidney injury incidence compared with prednisone in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis; zinc was given as part of combination therapy.
Anakinra plus zinc had lower 90-day overall and transplant-free survival and higher acute kidney injury incidence compared with prednisone in severe alcohol-associated hepatitis; zinc was given as part of combination therapy.
Supplementation including zinc (with omega-3 and vitamin C) improved asthma control, pulmonary function, and sputum inflammatory markers in children with moderate persistent asthma.
Supplementation including zinc (with omega-3 and vitamin C) improved asthma control, pulmonary function, and sputum inflammatory markers in children with moderate persistent asthma.
Supplementation including zinc (with omega-3 and vitamin C) improved asthma control, pulmonary function, and sputum inflammatory markers in children with moderate persistent asthma.
Zinc supplementation (50 mg/day for 8 weeks) increased circulating folate and decreased homocysteine but did not change vitamin B12 in postmenopausal women.
Zinc supplementation (50 mg/day for 8 weeks) increased circulating folate and decreased homocysteine but did not change vitamin B12 in postmenopausal women.
Elderly tinnitus patients given 50 mg/day zinc showed no significant improvement in tinnitus compared with placebo.
Alcohol did not change the effectiveness of a triclosan + zinc mouthwash on plaque or gingivitis, but alcohol-containing formula produced more adverse events (oral itching).
Alcohol did not change the effectiveness of a triclosan + zinc mouthwash on plaque or gingivitis, but alcohol-containing formula produced more adverse events (oral itching).
Zinc alone and zinc+curcumin for 90 days improved multiple glycemic measures and reduced BMI compared with placebo in prediabetic overweight/obese adults.
Zinc alone and zinc+curcumin for 90 days improved multiple glycemic measures and reduced BMI compared with placebo in prediabetic overweight/obese adults.
Antihypertensive monotherapy was associated with decreased serum zinc and increased urinary zinc; an optimal-mineral diet restored serum zinc.
In a 12-month weight-loss trial, diets with differing zinc content maintained normal zinc status; higher-protein diet improved some iron markers but zinc did not change between groups.
In a 12-month weight-loss trial, diets with differing zinc content maintained normal zinc status; higher-protein diet improved some iron markers but zinc did not change between groups.
Daily zinc from 6 weeks of age reduced physician-diagnosed diarrhea, dysentery and acute upper respiratory infections in Tanzanian infants; multivitamins had no benefit.
Daily zinc from 6 weeks of age reduced physician-diagnosed diarrhea, dysentery and acute upper respiratory infections in Tanzanian infants; multivitamins had no benefit.
Daily zinc from 6 weeks of age reduced physician-diagnosed diarrhea, dysentery and acute upper respiratory infections in Tanzanian infants; multivitamins had no benefit.
Daily prenatal multiple micronutrients did not improve maternal serum zinc or retinol compared with iron-only supplementation; possible small improvement in folate postpartum.
Daily prenatal multiple micronutrients did not improve maternal serum zinc or retinol compared with iron-only supplementation; possible small improvement in folate postpartum.
Cluster-RCT assessing dietary intakes over 12 months in children given LNS (contains multiple micronutrients) vs control; dietary recalls used.
A 6-month lipid-based nutrient supplement (providing zinc among other nutrients) modestly increased length- and weight-for-age in young children, with effects persisting 6 months later.
Six-month RCT in Vietnamese infants testing daily or weekly multiple micronutrients (including a small zinc dose) vs placebo; growth and blood micronutrients measured.
Adding a dentifrice and rinse containing sanguinaria extract and zinc chloride to initial periodontal therapy provided no additional short-term benefit over placebo.
Randomized study in healthy adults showing that several oral zinc regimens halved hepatic copper uptake by PET/CT; adverse GI effects were common and varied by zinc salt and dosing.
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial found intranasal zinc gluconate plus zinc orotate lozenges did not shorten common cold duration and caused nasal/olfactory pain in some participants.
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial found intranasal zinc gluconate plus zinc orotate lozenges did not shorten common cold duration and caused nasal/olfactory pain in some participants.
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial found intranasal zinc gluconate plus zinc orotate lozenges did not shorten common cold duration and caused nasal/olfactory pain in some participants.
Randomized blinded trial in malnourished adults with pressure ulcers found an arginine-/zinc-/antioxidant‑enriched high-calorie formula improved ulcer area reduction versus isocaloric control over 8 weeks.
Cluster-randomized trial (biochemistry subgroup) in infants found varying zinc doses in SQ-LNS did not change plasma zinc, while the SQ-LNS plus illness treatment improved iron and vitamin A status and reduced anemia prevalence compared with non-intervention cohort.
Cluster-randomized trial (biochemistry subgroup) in infants found varying zinc doses in SQ-LNS did not change plasma zinc, while the SQ-LNS plus illness treatment improved iron and vitamin A status and reduced anemia prevalence compared with non-intervention cohort.
Feeding preterm infants a nutrient-enriched formula normalized plasma zinc by 2 months past term without disrupting overall mineral homeostasis.
Men receiving D-aspartic acid + ubiquinol + 10 mg zinc daily for 3 months showed improved progressive sperm motility and higher total testosterone versus placebo.
Daily 25 mg zinc in HIV-infected pregnant women did not change birth outcomes or T‑cell counts but was associated with a smaller postpartum rise in hemoglobin and related red-cell indices.
Daily 25 mg zinc in HIV-infected pregnant women did not change birth outcomes or T‑cell counts but was associated with a smaller postpartum rise in hemoglobin and related red-cell indices.
Daily 25 mg zinc in HIV-infected pregnant women did not change birth outcomes or T‑cell counts but was associated with a smaller postpartum rise in hemoglobin and related red-cell indices.
A double-blind RCT of iron‑zinc vs iron-only showed no overall birthweight difference, but iron‑deficient/anaemic women receiving iron‑zinc had higher adjusted mean birthweight (+131 g).
A double-blind RCT of iron‑zinc vs iron-only showed no overall birthweight difference, but iron‑deficient/anaemic women receiving iron‑zinc had higher adjusted mean birthweight (+131 g).
A double-blind RCT of iron‑zinc vs iron-only showed no overall birthweight difference, but iron‑deficient/anaemic women receiving iron‑zinc had higher adjusted mean birthweight (+131 g).
In a randomized study where both arms received zinc (different doses) and one arm received troxerutin, overall symptom scores did not differ significantly but rhinorrhea and day‑1 symptom reduction favored the active treatment.
In a randomized study where both arms received zinc (different doses) and one arm received troxerutin, overall symptom scores did not differ significantly but rhinorrhea and day‑1 symptom reduction favored the active treatment.
In a randomized study where both arms received zinc (different doses) and one arm received troxerutin, overall symptom scores did not differ significantly but rhinorrhea and day‑1 symptom reduction favored the active treatment.
In healthy elderly volunteers given 15 mg or 30 mg/day zinc for 6 months, zinc did not change most red-ox markers but dose-related increases in plasma vitamin A were observed.
In healthy elderly volunteers given 15 mg or 30 mg/day zinc for 6 months, zinc did not change most red-ox markers but dose-related increases in plasma vitamin A were observed.
A dentifrice containing 2% zinc citrate (with triclosan) lowered plaque lactate after a food challenge and lessened the post-snack pH drop.
A dentifrice containing 2% zinc citrate (with triclosan) lowered plaque lactate after a food challenge and lessened the post-snack pH drop.
In a 6-week double-blind RCT, curcumin (both forms) increased serum zinc and the zinc-to-copper ratio in people with metabolic syndrome.
In a randomized feeding study in children, cofortifying flour with zinc sulfate (but not zinc oxide) reduced iron absorption; zinc absorption was similar between zinc forms.
In a randomized feeding study in children, cofortifying flour with zinc sulfate (but not zinc oxide) reduced iron absorption; zinc absorption was similar between zinc forms.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, 24 months of 30 mg/day zinc increased membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids and measures of membrane unsaturation, and upregulated FADS1 expression.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, 24 months of 30 mg/day zinc increased membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids and measures of membrane unsaturation, and upregulated FADS1 expression.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, 24 months of 30 mg/day zinc increased membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids and measures of membrane unsaturation, and upregulated FADS1 expression.
In DR patients, 30 mg/day zinc for 3 months did not change serum VEGF, BDNF, or NGF levels.
In DR patients, 30 mg/day zinc for 3 months did not change serum VEGF, BDNF, or NGF levels.
In DR patients, 30 mg/day zinc for 3 months did not change serum VEGF, BDNF, or NGF levels.
Adding oral zinc gluconate to corticosteroid therapy improved hearing recovery in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
Adding oral zinc gluconate to corticosteroid therapy improved hearing recovery in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
Adding oral zinc gluconate to corticosteroid therapy improved hearing recovery in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
A pre-procedural mouthwash containing CPC + zinc lactate + fluoride reduced viable bacteria in dental aerosols by ~70% versus no rinse after ultrasonic scaling.
In two community trials (total enrolled 631), adding zinc (1 mg/15 g cereal) did not change days of diarrhea, Hib antibody titers, growth, clinic visits, hospitalizations, or antibiotic use.
In two community trials (total enrolled 631), adding zinc (1 mg/15 g cereal) did not change days of diarrhea, Hib antibody titers, growth, clinic visits, hospitalizations, or antibiotic use.
In two community trials (total enrolled 631), adding zinc (1 mg/15 g cereal) did not change days of diarrhea, Hib antibody titers, growth, clinic visits, hospitalizations, or antibiotic use.
Daily zinc (10 mg, 6 days/week for 46 weeks) reduced P. falciparum malaria episodes substantially in preschool children.
Daily zinc (10 mg, 6 days/week for 46 weeks) reduced P. falciparum malaria episodes substantially in preschool children.
Daily zinc (10 mg, 6 days/week for 46 weeks) reduced P. falciparum malaria episodes substantially in preschool children.
A wound-specific oral supplement containing arginine, vitamin C and zinc was less effective for wound-healing than a standard nutrition supplement in patients with chronic wounds.
A wound-specific oral supplement containing arginine, vitamin C and zinc was less effective for wound-healing than a standard nutrition supplement in patients with chronic wounds.
A wound-specific oral supplement containing arginine, vitamin C and zinc was less effective for wound-healing than a standard nutrition supplement in patients with chronic wounds.
Zinc-containing fortifications (MNPs or fortified CSB) increased serum zinc in moderately malnourished children; one MNP formulation without zinc decreased serum zinc.
Six months of zinc (0, 15, or 30 mg/d) in late-middle-aged men did not alter whole-body protein turnover or albumin and fibrinogen synthesis rates.
Six months of zinc (0, 15, or 30 mg/d) in late-middle-aged men did not alter whole-body protein turnover or albumin and fibrinogen synthesis rates.
Six months of zinc (0, 15, or 30 mg/d) in late-middle-aged men did not alter whole-body protein turnover or albumin and fibrinogen synthesis rates.
Large cluster RCT of antenatal micronutrient regimens found folic acid–iron reduced low birthweight; folic acid–iron–zinc showed no additional benefit over control for birth size.
Daily cashew consumption for 12 weeks in adolescents with obesity reduced plasma copper and increased erythrocyte SOD activity; plasma zinc increased across both groups (likely influenced by counseling).
Twelve weeks of zinc carnosine in older adults with low zinc increased plasma zinc modestly and reduced multiple markers of DNA damage while increasing expression of MT1A and ZIP1.
Twelve weeks of zinc carnosine in older adults with low zinc increased plasma zinc modestly and reduced multiple markers of DNA damage while increasing expression of MT1A and ZIP1.
In low‑income Indian full‑term infants, daily zinc (5 mg) from 4–18 months increased skinfold thickness and reduced wasting at 24 months but did not improve linear growth.
In low‑income Indian full‑term infants, daily zinc (5 mg) from 4–18 months increased skinfold thickness and reduced wasting at 24 months but did not improve linear growth.
In low‑income Indian full‑term infants, daily zinc (5 mg) from 4–18 months increased skinfold thickness and reduced wasting at 24 months but did not improve linear growth.
In low‑income Indian full‑term infants, daily zinc (5 mg) from 4–18 months increased skinfold thickness and reduced wasting at 24 months but did not improve linear growth.
In HCV patients, supplementation with BCAAs plus zinc (10 mg/day) for 60 days increased BCAA:tyrosine ratio and serum zinc; in those with elevated baseline AFP, supplementation reduced AFP.
In HCV patients, supplementation with BCAAs plus zinc (10 mg/day) for 60 days increased BCAA:tyrosine ratio and serum zinc; in those with elevated baseline AFP, supplementation reduced AFP.
Both calcium-containing denture adhesives significantly reduced poppy-seed infiltration beneath partial dentures versus baseline; the calcium/zinc formulation was superior to the calcium/sodium formulation.
In zinc-deficient diabetic hemodialysis patients, 8 weeks of zinc sulfate altered several biomarkers compared with placebo.
In zinc-deficient diabetic hemodialysis patients, 8 weeks of zinc sulfate altered several biomarkers compared with placebo.
In zinc-deficient diabetic hemodialysis patients, 8 weeks of zinc sulfate altered several biomarkers compared with placebo.
In zinc-deficient diabetic hemodialysis patients, 8 weeks of zinc sulfate altered several biomarkers compared with placebo.
Long-term follow-up found no effect of infant zinc (or MMN) supplementation on child cognitive, executive function, or mental health outcomes at 6–8 years.
Long-term follow-up found no effect of infant zinc (or MMN) supplementation on child cognitive, executive function, or mental health outcomes at 6–8 years.
Long-term follow-up found no effect of infant zinc (or MMN) supplementation on child cognitive, executive function, or mental health outcomes at 6–8 years.
In chronic hepatitis C patients on antiviral therapy, polaprezinc (zinc) supplementation was associated with lower ALT and markers suggesting reduced oxidative liver injury.
In chronic hepatitis C patients on antiviral therapy, polaprezinc (zinc) supplementation was associated with lower ALT and markers suggesting reduced oxidative liver injury.
In chronic hepatitis C patients on antiviral therapy, polaprezinc (zinc) supplementation was associated with lower ALT and markers suggesting reduced oxidative liver injury.
Short-term AREDS2 dietary supplementation (which includes zinc) raised systemic zinc levels but did not alter systemic or ocular complement activation over 4 weeks.
Short-term AREDS2 dietary supplementation (which includes zinc) raised systemic zinc levels but did not alter systemic or ocular complement activation over 4 weeks.
Short-term AREDS2 dietary supplementation (which includes zinc) raised systemic zinc levels but did not alter systemic or ocular complement activation over 4 weeks.
Randomized trial in children comparing intralesional zinc sulfate 2% vs PPD for warts; both effective, zinc had faster injected-wart clearance but more complications.
Randomized trial in children comparing intralesional zinc sulfate 2% vs PPD for warts; both effective, zinc had faster injected-wart clearance but more complications.
Randomized trial in children comparing intralesional zinc sulfate 2% vs PPD for warts; both effective, zinc had faster injected-wart clearance but more complications.
Randomized trial in children comparing intralesional zinc sulfate 2% vs PPD for warts; both effective, zinc had faster injected-wart clearance but more complications.
Randomized trial in children comparing intralesional zinc sulfate 2% vs PPD for warts; both effective, zinc had faster injected-wart clearance but more complications.
Study in pregnant adolescents showing zinc supplementation prevented decline in plasma zinc and enhanced folic acid response when given together.
Small randomized feasibility trial in AMI patients; zinc supplementation produced a non-significant reduction in infarct core zone and no reduction in MACE.
Small randomized feasibility trial in AMI patients; zinc supplementation produced a non-significant reduction in infarct core zone and no reduction in MACE.
In type 2 diabetics, combined minerals + vitamins (including Mg+Zn) for 3 months lowered systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure; Mg+Zn alone did not.
In type 2 diabetics, combined minerals + vitamins (including Mg+Zn) for 3 months lowered systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure; Mg+Zn alone did not.
In type 2 diabetics, combined minerals + vitamins (including Mg+Zn) for 3 months lowered systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure; Mg+Zn alone did not.
In type 2 diabetics, combined minerals + vitamins (including Mg+Zn) for 3 months lowered systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure; Mg+Zn alone did not.
In type 2 diabetics, combined minerals + vitamins (including Mg+Zn) for 3 months lowered systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure; Mg+Zn alone did not.
6-month RCT of Lysulin (lysine, zinc, vitamin C) in pre-diabetes reduced progression to diabetes and improved glycaemic and lipid measures versus placebo.
6-month RCT of Lysulin (lysine, zinc, vitamin C) in pre-diabetes reduced progression to diabetes and improved glycaemic and lipid measures versus placebo.
In elderly residents, 3 months of 25 mg zinc reduced a blood marker of lipid peroxidation.
In type 2 diabetic patients, combined mineral (Mg+Zn) plus vitamins C+E increased HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 over 3 months; Mg+Zn alone showed no significant changes.
In type 2 diabetic patients, combined mineral (Mg+Zn) plus vitamins C+E increased HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 over 3 months; Mg+Zn alone showed no significant changes.
In children with autoimmune thyroiditis, 12 weeks of 25 mg zinc did not change autoantibodies or oxidative stress, and zinc-treated children avoided levothyroxine dose escalation seen in controls.
In children with autoimmune thyroiditis, 12 weeks of 25 mg zinc did not change autoantibodies or oxidative stress, and zinc-treated children avoided levothyroxine dose escalation seen in controls.
In children with autoimmune thyroiditis, 12 weeks of 25 mg zinc did not change autoantibodies or oxidative stress, and zinc-treated children avoided levothyroxine dose escalation seen in controls.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc reduced TLR-2 expression and improved a nonocular Behçet's disease activity score versus placebo.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc reduced TLR-2 expression and improved a nonocular Behçet's disease activity score versus placebo.
Twelve weeks of 30 mg/day zinc reduced TLR-2 expression and improved a nonocular Behçet's disease activity score versus placebo.
Among hypertensive patients, higher baseline plasma zinc was associated with lower risk of first hemorrhagic stroke but not associated with ischemic stroke.
Among hypertensive patients, higher baseline plasma zinc was associated with lower risk of first hemorrhagic stroke but not associated with ischemic stroke.
Topical regimen including a copper–zinc complex plus hydroquinone and tretinoin improved multiple signs of décolletage photodamage over 24 weeks.
Topical regimen including a copper–zinc complex plus hydroquinone and tretinoin improved multiple signs of décolletage photodamage over 24 weeks.
Twelve weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in women with PCOS reduced hirsutism and some inflammation/oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity.
Women given folic-acid-containing multi-micronutrients (including zinc) for 12 weeks had lower average depressive symptoms and lower depression prevalence; no difference between weekly vs daily dosing and no baseline association between zinc and depression.
Women given folic-acid-containing multi-micronutrients (including zinc) for 12 weeks had lower average depressive symptoms and lower depression prevalence; no difference between weekly vs daily dosing and no baseline association between zinc and depression.
Women given folic-acid-containing multi-micronutrients (including zinc) for 12 weeks had lower average depressive symptoms and lower depression prevalence; no difference between weekly vs daily dosing and no baseline association between zinc and depression.
Six weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in gestational diabetes improved fasting glucose, insulin-related markers and some lipid markers versus placebo.
Six weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in gestational diabetes improved fasting glucose, insulin-related markers and some lipid markers versus placebo.
Compared quintuply-fortified salt (including iodine) versus iodized salt in nonpregnant reproductive-age women; QFS improved several micronutrient deficiencies versus iodized salt.
Compared quintuply-fortified salt (including iodine) versus iodized salt in nonpregnant reproductive-age women; QFS improved several micronutrient deficiencies versus iodized salt.
Compared quintuply-fortified salt (including iodine) versus iodized salt in nonpregnant reproductive-age women; QFS improved several micronutrient deficiencies versus iodized salt.
In two large randomized trials, daily iron-folic acid with or without zinc for 12 months was associated with longer night and total sleep duration and reduced night waking in infants; zinc supplementation also contributed to longer sleep.
In two large randomized trials, daily iron-folic acid with or without zinc for 12 months was associated with longer night and total sleep duration and reduced night waking in infants; zinc supplementation also contributed to longer sleep.
In two large randomized trials, daily iron-folic acid with or without zinc for 12 months was associated with longer night and total sleep duration and reduced night waking in infants; zinc supplementation also contributed to longer sleep.
In 12–24-month-old children, the small zinc-only arm showed a significant increase in TGF-β1 and greater body-weight gain over 90 days; probiotic and combined arms affected sIgA and cytokine correlations.
Randomized trial in children 6–24 months found no reduction in diarrhea or respiratory morbidity from zinc or zinc-plus-multiple-micronutrient supplements (the multiple micronutrient tablet contained 50 µg iodine).
Randomized trial in children 6–24 months found no reduction in diarrhea or respiratory morbidity from zinc or zinc-plus-multiple-micronutrient supplements (the multiple micronutrient tablet contained 50 µg iodine).
Children (9–11 mo) given daily MNPs containing zinc and iron for 24 weeks had lower anaemia than at baseline, but many remained anaemic; socioeconomic, hygiene and morbidity factors predicted anaemia at endline.
Children (9–11 mo) given daily MNPs containing zinc and iron for 24 weeks had lower anaemia than at baseline, but many remained anaemic; socioeconomic, hygiene and morbidity factors predicted anaemia at endline.
A community social franchising program markedly increased household use of ORS plus zinc for childhood diarrhea compared with standard access.
In depressed patients on imipramine, adding zinc (25 mg/day) improved depressive symptoms and speed of response in those who were treatment-resistant, but not in treatment‑responsive patients.
In depressed patients on imipramine, adding zinc (25 mg/day) improved depressive symptoms and speed of response in those who were treatment-resistant, but not in treatment‑responsive patients.
In this cohort of children whose mothers were randomized prenatally, randomized prenatal zinc showed no significant effect on motor, cognitive/language, or socioemotional development at 20–39 months.
Weekly simultaneous iron + zinc supplementation reduced severe diarrhea and, in undernourished infants, reduced severe ALRI compared with control.
Weekly simultaneous iron + zinc supplementation reduced severe diarrhea and, in undernourished infants, reduced severe ALRI compared with control.
In a pilot randomized crossover acceptability study, recipes made with biofortified crops (including high‑zinc varieties) were consumed similarly and rated as acceptable by mothers compared with control crops.
In a pilot randomized crossover acceptability study, recipes made with biofortified crops (including high‑zinc varieties) were consumed similarly and rated as acceptable by mothers compared with control crops.
Elderly institutionalized subjects receiving trace elements (including zinc 20 mg daily) alone or with vitamins had fewer infectious events over two years compared with placebo.
Elderly institutionalized subjects receiving trace elements (including zinc 20 mg daily) alone or with vitamins had fewer infectious events over two years compared with placebo.
Randomized open-label trial in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients comparing KSK decoction to standard care (vitamin C + zinc) for 7 days; measured viral load and cytokines.
Randomized open-label trial in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients comparing KSK decoction to standard care (vitamin C + zinc) for 7 days; measured viral load and cytokines.
Randomized open-label trial in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients comparing KSK decoction to standard care (vitamin C + zinc) for 7 days; measured viral load and cytokines.
Cross-sectional analysis of serum copper, selenium and zinc versus Montenegro skin test (MST) diameter in vaccinated volunteers.
Double-blind randomized trial of three oral zinc regimens in severely malnourished children during 90 days of nutritional rehabilitation, measuring growth, IGF‑I axis and bone/collagen markers.
Double-blind randomized trial of three oral zinc regimens in severely malnourished children during 90 days of nutritional rehabilitation, measuring growth, IGF‑I axis and bone/collagen markers.
Randomized crossover acceptability study in 6–24 month-old children comparing a common‑bean+pumpkin blend (higher iron/zinc) to pumpkin control; measured intake and micronutrient intake.
Randomized crossover acceptability study in 6–24 month-old children comparing a common‑bean+pumpkin blend (higher iron/zinc) to pumpkin control; measured intake and micronutrient intake.
Randomized crossover acceptability study in 6–24 month-old children comparing a common‑bean+pumpkin blend (higher iron/zinc) to pumpkin control; measured intake and micronutrient intake.
Double-blind randomized crossover trial in Gambian children measuring fractional and total zinc absorption from porridge with SQ‑LNS with vs without added phytase using isotopic tracers.
Large double-blind randomized community trial in South Africa comparing vitamin A, vitamin A+zinc, and multiple micronutrients (including zinc) with longitudinal growth and anemia outcomes over 18 months.
Large double-blind randomized community trial in South Africa comparing vitamin A, vitamin A+zinc, and multiple micronutrients (including zinc) with longitudinal growth and anemia outcomes over 18 months.
Large double-blind randomized community trial in South Africa comparing vitamin A, vitamin A+zinc, and multiple micronutrients (including zinc) with longitudinal growth and anemia outcomes over 18 months.
Large randomized double-blind placebo-controlled factorial trial in pregnant women assessing daily vitamin A and/or zinc from first trimester to delivery with placental malaria and birth outcomes.
Large randomized double-blind placebo-controlled factorial trial in pregnant women assessing daily vitamin A and/or zinc from first trimester to delivery with placental malaria and birth outcomes.
Mothers took zinc during pregnancy and postpartum; their infants had lower plasma zinc but slightly higher IL-7 and hepatitis B antibody responses.
Mothers took zinc during pregnancy and postpartum; their infants had lower plasma zinc but slightly higher IL-7 and hepatitis B antibody responses.
Mothers took zinc during pregnancy and postpartum; their infants had lower plasma zinc but slightly higher IL-7 and hepatitis B antibody responses.
Reanalyses of AREDS data found no reproducible interaction between CFH/ARMS2 genotype and response to antioxidant plus zinc supplementation for AMD progression.
Measured plasma and erythrocyte minerals in hospitalized patients on antipsychotics; erythrocyte magnesium decreased whereas plasma magnesium was unchanged; no clear plasma zinc change reported.
Measured plasma and erythrocyte minerals in hospitalized patients on antipsychotics; erythrocyte magnesium decreased whereas plasma magnesium was unchanged; no clear plasma zinc change reported.
A multivitamin-mineral supplement containing zinc increased serum and cellular zinc and showed signals of improved mitochondrial function and antioxidant enzyme activity in healthy volunteers.
A multivitamin-mineral supplement containing zinc increased serum and cellular zinc and showed signals of improved mitochondrial function and antioxidant enzyme activity in healthy volunteers.
Perioperative zinc plus vitamin E supplementation increased plasma zinc, reduced inflammatory markers, and shortened hospital length of stay after CABG surgery.
Reducing phytate in weaning cereals produced little long-term effect on infants' iron or zinc status over 6 months.
Brushing with an herbal toothpaste containing zinc for 6 months reduced plaque, gingival inflammation, and bleeding more than a fluoride-only toothpaste.
Zinc supplementation had no effect on falciparum malaria incidence but reduced diarrhoea prevalence; mortality was lower numerically but not statistically significant.
Zinc supplementation had no effect on falciparum malaria incidence but reduced diarrhoea prevalence; mortality was lower numerically but not statistically significant.
Zinc (alone or combined with vitamin A) produced parasite-specific effects: zinc alone increased Ascaris incidence but reduced durations of Giardia infections and reduced E. histolytica–associated diarrhea.
Zinc (alone or combined with vitamin A) produced parasite-specific effects: zinc alone increased Ascaris incidence but reduced durations of Giardia infections and reduced E. histolytica–associated diarrhea.
Zinc (alone or combined with vitamin A) produced parasite-specific effects: zinc alone increased Ascaris incidence but reduced durations of Giardia infections and reduced E. histolytica–associated diarrhea.
Maternal supplementation including a folic acid+iron+zinc arm reduced children's risk of microalbuminuria but had no clear effect on most metabolic markers; metabolic syndrome reduction was seen only in the folic acid alone group.
Maternal supplementation including a folic acid+iron+zinc arm reduced children's risk of microalbuminuria but had no clear effect on most metabolic markers; metabolic syndrome reduction was seen only in the folic acid alone group.
Long-term low-dose combined antioxidant supplementation (including 120 mg vitamin C) showed no benefit on carotid intima-media thickness or arterial stiffness and had a higher proportion of carotid plaques in the intervention group.
Long-term low-dose combined antioxidant supplementation (including 120 mg vitamin C) showed no benefit on carotid intima-media thickness or arterial stiffness and had a higher proportion of carotid plaques in the intervention group.
Long-term low-dose combined antioxidant supplementation (including 120 mg vitamin C) showed no benefit on carotid intima-media thickness or arterial stiffness and had a higher proportion of carotid plaques in the intervention group.
In institutionalized elderly, daily low‑dose supplements (including ascorbic acid in the vitamin arm) corrected deficiencies but vitamins did not improve cell‑mediated immunity and the vitamin arm had lower influenza antibody titers; trace elements improved antibody response.
In institutionalized elderly, daily low‑dose supplements (including ascorbic acid in the vitamin arm) corrected deficiencies but vitamins did not improve cell‑mediated immunity and the vitamin arm had lower influenza antibody titers; trace elements improved antibody response.
In institutionalized elderly, daily low‑dose supplements (including ascorbic acid in the vitamin arm) corrected deficiencies but vitamins did not improve cell‑mediated immunity and the vitamin arm had lower influenza antibody titers; trace elements improved antibody response.
48 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes received zinc (40 mg/day) ± ALA or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc raised plasma zinc but did not change inflammatory marker concentrations.
70 overweight adults with T2DM took 50 mg zinc gluconate daily for 8 weeks; zinc increased SOD expression/activity and improved glycemic and some lipid parameters.
70 overweight adults with T2DM took 50 mg zinc gluconate daily for 8 weeks; zinc increased SOD expression/activity and improved glycemic and some lipid parameters.
70 overweight adults with T2DM took 50 mg zinc gluconate daily for 8 weeks; zinc increased SOD expression/activity and improved glycemic and some lipid parameters.
In undernourished children, glutamine improved weight-for-height (WHZ) and intestinal barrier; adding zinc and vitamin A produced small, non-significant additional growth benefit and did not change leptin/IGF-1/adiponectin/cortisol levels.
2400 Tanzanian infants were randomized to zinc, multivitamins, zinc+multivitamins, or placebo from 6 weeks and followed 18 months; combined Zn+MV modestly reduced weight-for-age decline but zinc alone did not reduce stunting/wasting/underweight incidence.
2400 Tanzanian infants were randomized to zinc, multivitamins, zinc+multivitamins, or placebo from 6 weeks and followed 18 months; combined Zn+MV modestly reduced weight-for-age decline but zinc alone did not reduce stunting/wasting/underweight incidence.
222 Malawian children (1–3 yr) received zinc, albendazole, or placebo; zinc prevented a significant increase in lactulose:mannitol ratio versus placebo, suggesting protection against worsening environmental enteropathy.
48 surgical patients randomized to low-dose rhGH or placebo; rhGH decreased urinary zinc excretion and improved zinc balance and utilization but raised mean blood glucose transiently postoperatively.
48 surgical patients randomized to low-dose rhGH or placebo; rhGH decreased urinary zinc excretion and improved zinc balance and utilization but raised mean blood glucose transiently postoperatively.
Six months of daily folic acid plus zinc did not alter sperm DNA methylation compared with placebo.
Six months of daily folic acid plus zinc did not alter sperm DNA methylation compared with placebo.
Six months of daily folic acid plus zinc did not alter sperm DNA methylation compared with placebo.
Weekly zinc (with or without retinol) added to TB therapy did not improve sputum conversion, radiographic, clinical outcomes, or mortality compared with placebo.
Weekly zinc (with or without retinol) added to TB therapy did not improve sputum conversion, radiographic, clinical outcomes, or mortality compared with placebo.
Daily zinc reduced the risk of prolonged diarrhea primarily in children with low cobalamin (vitamin B12) status.
Daily zinc reduced the risk of prolonged diarrhea primarily in children with low cobalamin (vitamin B12) status.
Ten weeks of combined zinc, vitamin A, and magnesium supplementation increased FT4 and lowered hs-CRP compared with placebo in hypothyroid patients.
Ten weeks of combined zinc, vitamin A, and magnesium supplementation increased FT4 and lowered hs-CRP compared with placebo in hypothyroid patients.
In children undergoing pulpectomy, using zinc-oxide eugenol versus Metapex did not change postoperative pain incidence.
Preoperative 40 mg zinc gargle had no consistent benefit over magnesium or budesonide; incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat were comparable across groups.
Preoperative 40 mg zinc gargle had no consistent benefit over magnesium or budesonide; incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat were comparable across groups.
A single oral dose of zinc given at PPD testing increased tuberculin induration size in exposed children.
A single oral dose of zinc given at PPD testing increased tuberculin induration size in exposed children.
Most critically ill children had low serum zinc early after PICU admission and low zinc was associated with higher frequency of lymphopenia.
Daily oral zinc (40 mg) for 12 weeks improved glycemic control and markers of iron burden and renal albumin loss in β-thalassemia major patients with diabetes.
Daily oral zinc (40 mg) for 12 weeks improved glycemic control and markers of iron burden and renal albumin loss in β-thalassemia major patients with diabetes.
Daily oral zinc (40 mg) for 12 weeks improved glycemic control and markers of iron burden and renal albumin loss in β-thalassemia major patients with diabetes.
Providing a daily animal-source snack for 6 months markedly reduced the prevalence of low zinc intake among women and improved several micronutrient intakes/status markers.
In 60 women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and modestly lowered fasting glucose.
Large randomized trial of daily low-dose antioxidant supplement (included 20 mg Zn) showed lower total cancer incidence in men but not in women after 7.5 years.
Randomized double-blind trial in 100 low-birth-weight infants: daily 5 mg elemental zinc from birth to 1 year reduced diarrhea episodes and improved weight/linear growth at 1 year.
In PCOS women, 50 mg elemental zinc daily for 8 weeks improved alopecia and hirsutism scores and reduced a marker of oxidative stress (MDA), but did not change hormonal profiles.
In PCOS women, 50 mg elemental zinc daily for 8 weeks improved alopecia and hirsutism scores and reduced a marker of oxidative stress (MDA), but did not change hormonal profiles.
In PCOS women, 50 mg elemental zinc daily for 8 weeks improved alopecia and hirsutism scores and reduced a marker of oxidative stress (MDA), but did not change hormonal profiles.
In a 21-day crossover experimental gingivitis model, the dentifrice containing triclosan + pvm/ma + Zn + PPi reduced plaque, gingivitis, and bleeding indices versus control.
In a 21-day crossover experimental gingivitis model, the dentifrice containing triclosan + pvm/ma + Zn + PPi reduced plaque, gingivitis, and bleeding indices versus control.
In a cluster randomized trial of young children, iron-containing micronutrient powder (which also contained 5 mg zinc) modestly improved haemoglobin and reduced anaemia and iron deficiency compared to non-iron MNP.
Large cluster-randomized trial: daily micronutrient Sprinkles (included zinc) plus feeding education reduced anemia and iron deficiency and increased mean serum zinc during the intervention period.
In malnourished TB patients, daily zinc (15 mg) alone or with vitamin A did not speed sputum smear conversion compared with placebo; plasma zinc rose but no clinical benefit observed.
In malnourished TB patients, daily zinc (15 mg) alone or with vitamin A did not speed sputum smear conversion compared with placebo; plasma zinc rose but no clinical benefit observed.
In obese adults randomized to L-arginine vs placebo, arginine increased serum zinc and improved insulin sensitivity; changes in zinc strongly correlated with increases in insulin sensitivity.
In obese adults randomized to L-arginine vs placebo, arginine increased serum zinc and improved insulin sensitivity; changes in zinc strongly correlated with increases in insulin sensitivity.
In pregnant women, an MMN supplement containing 15 mg zinc produced maternal plasma zinc concentrations similar to standard iron–folic acid regimens at week 30; MMN increased vitamin B12 but did not change zinc vs controls.
In young Burkinabe children, adding 5 or 10 mg zinc to daily SQ-LNS or giving a 5 mg zinc tablet did not reduce diarrhoea, malaria, fever, or respiratory infections compared with SQ-LNS without added zinc.
In young Burkinabe children, adding 5 or 10 mg zinc to daily SQ-LNS or giving a 5 mg zinc tablet did not reduce diarrhoea, malaria, fever, or respiratory infections compared with SQ-LNS without added zinc.
In 38 cystic fibrosis patients, adding zinc to copper supplementation for 6 weeks did not change blood copper enzyme activities.
In 38 cystic fibrosis patients, adding zinc to copper supplementation for 6 weeks did not change blood copper enzyme activities.
In 38 cystic fibrosis patients, adding zinc to copper supplementation for 6 weeks did not change blood copper enzyme activities.
In young children with acute diarrhea, a hypotonic ORS containing zinc and prebiotics shortened diarrhea duration and reduced parental missed work.
In young children with acute diarrhea, a hypotonic ORS containing zinc and prebiotics shortened diarrhea duration and reduced parental missed work.
In young children with acute diarrhea, a hypotonic ORS containing zinc and prebiotics shortened diarrhea duration and reduced parental missed work.
Daily feeding with iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet did not change iron or zinc status or growth overall but raised hemoglobin in some subgroups (males and iron‑deficient children).
In moderately malnourished children with shigellosis, zinc shortens illness, promotes weight gain at recovery, and reduces diarrheal episodes over 6 months.
In moderately malnourished children with shigellosis, zinc shortens illness, promotes weight gain at recovery, and reduces diarrheal episodes over 6 months.
In moderately malnourished children with shigellosis, zinc shortens illness, promotes weight gain at recovery, and reduces diarrheal episodes over 6 months.
Oral zinc sulfate for 3 months increased HPV clearance and regression of cervical cytology compared to no treatment.
Oral zinc sulfate for 3 months increased HPV clearance and regression of cervical cytology compared to no treatment.
In a nested study within a zinc prophylaxis trial, zinc appeared to remove the increased ALRI risk associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage seen in placebo children.
In a nested study within a zinc prophylaxis trial, zinc appeared to remove the increased ALRI risk associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage seen in placebo children.
Among infants with blood draws, formula with or without added MFGM showed generally similar zinc and other biomarker profiles through 24 months, with some differences versus a human milk reference group.
In very-low-birth-weight preterm neonates, oral zinc supplementation reduced morbidity and mortality versus placebo, with similar weight gain.
In very-low-birth-weight preterm neonates, oral zinc supplementation reduced morbidity and mortality versus placebo, with similar weight gain.
In very-low-birth-weight preterm neonates, oral zinc supplementation reduced morbidity and mortality versus placebo, with similar weight gain.
380 Cambodian schoolchildren ate fortified or placebo rice for 6 months; fortified rice altered gut microbiota and improved some micronutrient/inflammation markers.
56 overweight/obese NAFLD patients received calorie restriction plus either 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc raised serum zinc and improved some liver enzymes and waist circumference but did not change steatosis.
56 overweight/obese NAFLD patients received calorie restriction plus either 30 mg/day zinc or placebo for 12 weeks; zinc raised serum zinc and improved some liver enzymes and waist circumference but did not change steatosis.
Children at risk received combinations of zinc, vitamin A and/or glutamine; girls given the glutamine+zinc+vitamin A combination showed better verbal learning years later.
1125 adolescent girls received a fortified beverage for up to 12 months; fortification (including zinc) improved hemoglobin, ferritin, retinol, and short-term growth measures.
34 patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma received 75 mg/day zinc or placebo with chemoradiotherapy; zinc was associated with better 5-year local-free and disease-free survival in this small subgroup analysis.
12-week randomized double-blind trial in overweight/obese women; zinc (30 mg/day) improved some cognitive tests and altered salivary biomarkers but did not change weight versus placebo.
12-week randomized double-blind trial in overweight/obese women; zinc (30 mg/day) improved some cognitive tests and altered salivary biomarkers but did not change weight versus placebo.
12-week randomized double-blind trial in overweight/obese women; zinc (30 mg/day) improved some cognitive tests and altered salivary biomarkers but did not change weight versus placebo.
12-week randomized double-blind trial in overweight/obese women; zinc (30 mg/day) improved some cognitive tests and altered salivary biomarkers but did not change weight versus placebo.
Placebo-controlled trial in patients with treatment-resistant viral warts: oral zinc sulphate produced high rates of complete wart clearance in completers.
Placebo-controlled trial in patients with treatment-resistant viral warts: oral zinc sulphate produced high rates of complete wart clearance in completers.
RCT comparing IFN+ribavirin with or without polaprezinc (zinc); zinc addition did not improve sustained virological response but reduced GI side effects.
RCT comparing IFN+ribavirin with or without polaprezinc (zinc); zinc addition did not improve sustained virological response but reduced GI side effects.
Cluster RCT sub-study in infants aged 6–12 months: 4 months of daily supplementation (MNP, syrup, or fortified food) increased serum zinc in all groups, with syrup showing the largest increase; MNP reduced anemia prevalence.
Six-month RCT in Vietnamese infants testing daily or weekly multiple micronutrients (including a small zinc dose) vs placebo; growth and blood micronutrients measured.
Randomized trial in young children comparing 10 mg/day zinc alone, zinc+multivitamins/minerals, or placebo for ~6 months; morbidity, growth, and plasma micronutrients measured.
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial giving 45 mg zinc/day for 6 months to healthy elderly adults and measuring plasma zinc and inflammatory/oxidative markers.
Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial giving 45 mg zinc/day for 6 months to healthy elderly adults and measuring plasma zinc and inflammatory/oxidative markers.
Randomized double-blind trial of daily multivitamin and trace element supplement (including zinc 20 mg) vs placebo in adults measuring serum nutrient levels and antioxidant markers over 6 months.
In a cluster randomized trial of young children, iron-containing micronutrient powder (which also contained 5 mg zinc) modestly improved haemoglobin and reduced anaemia and iron deficiency compared to non-iron MNP.
Small randomized double-blind trial: co-supplementation with 25 mg zinc + 200 mcg selenium increased resting metabolic rate and serum selenium and improved one functional mobility test versus placebo during an 8-week hypocaloric diet.
Small randomized double-blind trial: co-supplementation with 25 mg zinc + 200 mcg selenium increased resting metabolic rate and serum selenium and improved one functional mobility test versus placebo during an 8-week hypocaloric diet.
Small randomized double-blind trial: co-supplementation with 25 mg zinc + 200 mcg selenium increased resting metabolic rate and serum selenium and improved one functional mobility test versus placebo during an 8-week hypocaloric diet.
Multicenter randomized trial in long-stay pediatric ICU patients found no overall reduction in time-to-nosocomial-infection with enteral zinc/selenium/glutamine plus metoclopramide versus whey protein, though an immunocompromised subgroup showed fewer infections.
Multicenter randomized trial in long-stay pediatric ICU patients found no overall reduction in time-to-nosocomial-infection with enteral zinc/selenium/glutamine plus metoclopramide versus whey protein, though an immunocompromised subgroup showed fewer infections.
Multicenter randomized trial in long-stay pediatric ICU patients found no overall reduction in time-to-nosocomial-infection with enteral zinc/selenium/glutamine plus metoclopramide versus whey protein, though an immunocompromised subgroup showed fewer infections.
Analysis showed that acute phase responses (elevated CRP/AGP) substantially alter biomarkers of micronutrient status, inflating ferritin and distorting vitamin A and zinc indicators, which can misestimate deficiency prevalence.
Randomized double-blind trial in infants found no effect of lowered-phytate cereals on growth, development, or morbidity to 12 months; some subgroup signals linked low serum zinc or low Hb to higher infection risk and later poorer growth.
Randomized double-blind trial in infants found no effect of lowered-phytate cereals on growth, development, or morbidity to 12 months; some subgroup signals linked low serum zinc or low Hb to higher infection risk and later poorer growth.
Randomized double-blind trial in infants found no effect of lowered-phytate cereals on growth, development, or morbidity to 12 months; some subgroup signals linked low serum zinc or low Hb to higher infection risk and later poorer growth.
Large community randomized trial comparing zinc formulations/doses found no effect on diarrhea incidence, and a modest improvement in linear growth (smaller decline in LAZ) with the daily high‑zinc/low‑iron MNP formulation.
Large community randomized trial comparing zinc formulations/doses found no effect on diarrhea incidence, and a modest improvement in linear growth (smaller decline in LAZ) with the daily high‑zinc/low‑iron MNP formulation.
In TB patients, zinc supplementation did not change culture conversion or weight gain; a multi-micronutrient supplement (not zinc) increased weight.
Subsample (n=740) from a randomized antenatal trial in rural Nepal: multiple micronutrient supplementation reduced the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency though mean serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were unchanged between first and third trimester.
Zinc (25 mg/day) added to SSRI treatment reduced depression scores over 12 weeks but did not change measured inflammatory markers or BDNF.
Zinc (25 mg/day) added to SSRI treatment reduced depression scores over 12 weeks but did not change measured inflammatory markers or BDNF.
Zinc (25 mg/day) added to SSRI treatment reduced depression scores over 12 weeks but did not change measured inflammatory markers or BDNF.
Zinc (25 mg/day) added to SSRI treatment reduced depression scores over 12 weeks but did not change measured inflammatory markers or BDNF.
50 mg ZnSO4 daily for 6 months increased CSF zinc and produced mild clinical and biochemical improvements in SCA2 patients (reduced ataxia subscores, oxidative damage, and saccadic latency).
50 mg ZnSO4 daily for 6 months increased CSF zinc and produced mild clinical and biochemical improvements in SCA2 patients (reduced ataxia subscores, oxidative damage, and saccadic latency).
50 mg ZnSO4 daily for 6 months increased CSF zinc and produced mild clinical and biochemical improvements in SCA2 patients (reduced ataxia subscores, oxidative damage, and saccadic latency).
50 mg ZnSO4 daily for 6 months increased CSF zinc and produced mild clinical and biochemical improvements in SCA2 patients (reduced ataxia subscores, oxidative damage, and saccadic latency).
Daily folic acid (5 mg) with zinc sulphate (66 mg) for 26 weeks increased sperm concentration in subfertile men; other semen and endocrine measures were unchanged.
Daily folic acid (5 mg) with zinc sulphate (66 mg) for 26 weeks increased sperm concentration in subfertile men; other semen and endocrine measures were unchanged.
Daily folic acid (5 mg) with zinc sulphate (66 mg) for 26 weeks increased sperm concentration in subfertile men; other semen and endocrine measures were unchanged.
Pregnant women with relatively low zinc were randomized to zinc or placebo; study found no predictive value of second-trimester homocysteine for later hypertensive complications and no clear zinc-related benefit reported.
Pregnant women with relatively low zinc were randomized to zinc or placebo; study found no predictive value of second-trimester homocysteine for later hypertensive complications and no clear zinc-related benefit reported.
High‑dose zinc gluconate (50 mg nightly) did not significantly shorten time to 50% symptom reduction or other clinical endpoints in outpatients with COVID-19 compared with usual care.
High‑dose zinc gluconate (50 mg nightly) did not significantly shorten time to 50% symptom reduction or other clinical endpoints in outpatients with COVID-19 compared with usual care.
High‑dose zinc gluconate (50 mg nightly) did not significantly shorten time to 50% symptom reduction or other clinical endpoints in outpatients with COVID-19 compared with usual care.
Daily zinc (5 mg) given with/without probiotic to infants did not significantly improve rotavirus vaccine seroconversion versus placebo.
Three months of combined myo-inositol and zinc (with GOS) did not improve HOMA-IR overall but modestly improved HDL and showed reduced fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in a severe-obesity subgroup.
Zinc sulphate therapy in sickle cell anemia reduced the mean number of crises and infective episodes over 1.5 years versus placebo.
Zinc sulphate therapy in sickle cell anemia reduced the mean number of crises and infective episodes over 1.5 years versus placebo.
Hip-fracture patients given a multi-nutrient drink (including zinc) did not have fewer pressure ulcers overall but had fewer stage II ulcers and a later onset.
Hip-fracture patients given a multi-nutrient drink (including zinc) did not have fewer pressure ulcers overall but had fewer stage II ulcers and a later onset.
Hip-fracture patients given a multi-nutrient drink (including zinc) did not have fewer pressure ulcers overall but had fewer stage II ulcers and a later onset.
In type 2 diabetic patients, combined mineral+vitamin supplementation (including zinc) improved urinary albumin and several metabolic and lipid markers, whereas mineral alone did not show clear benefit.
In type 2 diabetic patients, combined mineral+vitamin supplementation (including zinc) improved urinary albumin and several metabolic and lipid markers, whereas mineral alone did not show clear benefit.
In type 2 diabetic patients, combined mineral+vitamin supplementation (including zinc) improved urinary albumin and several metabolic and lipid markers, whereas mineral alone did not show clear benefit.
In type 2 diabetic patients, combined mineral+vitamin supplementation (including zinc) improved urinary albumin and several metabolic and lipid markers, whereas mineral alone did not show clear benefit.
A 6-month lipid-based nutrient supplement (providing zinc among other nutrients) modestly increased length- and weight-for-age in young children, with effects persisting 6 months later.
Elderly people given a liquid multi-nutrient supplement maintained BMI and had improved intake of several nutrients and some measures of well-being; serum zinc did not change.
Elderly people given a liquid multi-nutrient supplement maintained BMI and had improved intake of several nutrients and some measures of well-being; serum zinc did not change.
A combined nutraceutical (including 12.5 mg zinc) produced a larger reduction in homocysteine than high-dose folic acid alone over two months.
A combined nutraceutical (including 12.5 mg zinc) produced a larger reduction in homocysteine than high-dose folic acid alone over two months.
Pregnant women given zinc (30 mg) during pregnancy had higher maternal plasma retinol postpartum and, when combined with beta-carotene, improved infant retinol and breast-milk retinol.
Pregnant women given zinc (30 mg) during pregnancy had higher maternal plasma retinol postpartum and, when combined with beta-carotene, improved infant retinol and breast-milk retinol.
Pregnant women given zinc (30 mg) during pregnancy had higher maternal plasma retinol postpartum and, when combined with beta-carotene, improved infant retinol and breast-milk retinol.
In 150 hemodialysis patients, low/medium-dose zinc+selenium (with vit E) did not lower proportion with low zinc status overall, though medium-dose zinc (50 mg/d) raised serum zinc levels.
In 150 hemodialysis patients, low/medium-dose zinc+selenium (with vit E) did not lower proportion with low zinc status overall, though medium-dose zinc (50 mg/d) raised serum zinc levels.
In 150 hemodialysis patients, low/medium-dose zinc+selenium (with vit E) did not lower proportion with low zinc status overall, though medium-dose zinc (50 mg/d) raised serum zinc levels.
Maternal multiple micronutrient supplements (which included 10 µg vitamin D) did not reduce overall fetal loss or early infant mortality; effects of vitamin D alone were not separable.
Maternal multiple micronutrient supplements (which included 10 µg vitamin D) did not reduce overall fetal loss or early infant mortality; effects of vitamin D alone were not separable.
In 403 children with TB, zinc supplementation did not change weight gain or chest X‑ray lesion clearance over 6 months; micronutrient supplementation was associated with slightly faster height gain.
In 403 children with TB, zinc supplementation did not change weight gain or chest X‑ray lesion clearance over 6 months; micronutrient supplementation was associated with slightly faster height gain.
In 403 children with TB, zinc supplementation did not change weight gain or chest X‑ray lesion clearance over 6 months; micronutrient supplementation was associated with slightly faster height gain.
Pregnant women received iron/folic acid, iron/folic acid/zinc, or multiple micronutrients; the iron/folic acid/zinc arm showed no significant benefits on children's cognitive or motor outcomes versus control.
Pregnant women received iron/folic acid, iron/folic acid/zinc, or multiple micronutrients; the iron/folic acid/zinc arm showed no significant benefits on children's cognitive or motor outcomes versus control.
Pregnant women received iron/folic acid, iron/folic acid/zinc, or multiple micronutrients; the iron/folic acid/zinc arm showed no significant benefits on children's cognitive or motor outcomes versus control.
Oral cancer patients randomized to professional nutritional support (including individualized micronutrient supplements such as calcium tablets when indicated) lost less weight and had more stable lab values including calcium compared with standard care.
Oral cancer patients randomized to professional nutritional support (including individualized micronutrient supplements such as calcium tablets when indicated) lost less weight and had more stable lab values including calcium compared with standard care.
Oral cancer patients randomized to professional nutritional support (including individualized micronutrient supplements such as calcium tablets when indicated) lost less weight and had more stable lab values including calcium compared with standard care.
A specialized oral nutritional supplement containing zinc plus other nutrients significantly improved healing of hard-to-heal wounds versus control.
A specialized oral nutritional supplement containing zinc plus other nutrients significantly improved healing of hard-to-heal wounds versus control.
In HIV+ patients on ART, zinc supplementation reduced the risk of opportunistic infections but did not significantly change CD4 counts.
In HIV+ patients on ART, zinc supplementation reduced the risk of opportunistic infections but did not significantly change CD4 counts.
A zinc/arginine dentifrice did not significantly reduce gingival bleeding sites or plaque versus the negative control over 3 months.
A zinc/arginine dentifrice did not significantly reduce gingival bleeding sites or plaque versus the negative control over 3 months.
A dentifrice containing stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate/zinc lactate reduced oral microbial counts modestly (14–43% for many outcomes) versus NaF; zinc was part of a combined formulation so its isolated effect is unclear.
Polaprezinc (zinc–L-carnosine) test and reference granules were bioequivalent; a high-fat meal reduced zinc absorption/exposure; formulations were generally well tolerated.
Polaprezinc (zinc–L-carnosine) test and reference granules were bioequivalent; a high-fat meal reduced zinc absorption/exposure; formulations were generally well tolerated.
Polaprezinc (zinc–L-carnosine) test and reference granules were bioequivalent; a high-fat meal reduced zinc absorption/exposure; formulations were generally well tolerated.
In 208 Ghanaian infants, low plasma zinc prevalence was low (4% at 6 mo, 6% at 12 mo); higher birth weight and socioeconomic status were associated with better zinc status, while elevated CRP (infection) was associated with lower zinc.
In 208 Ghanaian infants, low plasma zinc prevalence was low (4% at 6 mo, 6% at 12 mo); higher birth weight and socioeconomic status were associated with better zinc status, while elevated CRP (infection) was associated with lower zinc.
In SICU patients requiring PN, parenteral nutrition significantly increased plasma zinc levels over 7 days; glutamine-supplemented PN improved glutathione but zinc rose with PN regardless of glutamine.
Giving daily zinc (10 mg) to newborns increased blood zinc normalization but did not improve antibody responses to oral polio vaccine.
Giving daily zinc (10 mg) to newborns increased blood zinc normalization but did not improve antibody responses to oral polio vaccine.
In undernourished children, glutamine improved weight-for-height (WHZ) and intestinal barrier; adding zinc and vitamin A produced small, non-significant additional growth benefit and did not change leptin/IGF-1/adiponectin/cortisol levels.
In undernourished children, glutamine improved weight-for-height (WHZ) and intestinal barrier; adding zinc and vitamin A produced small, non-significant additional growth benefit and did not change leptin/IGF-1/adiponectin/cortisol levels.
Maternal antenatal iron–folic acid reduced child mortality to age 7; the folic acid–iron–zinc group showed a non-significant reduction in childhood mortality (HR=0.80, 95% CI 0.58–1.11).
In patients with prior nonmelanoma skin cancer, 60 days of antioxidant supplementation including zinc produced modest reductions in oxidative stress biomarkers (notably 15-F2t-isoprostane) but differences versus placebo were not statistically significant.
In patients with prior nonmelanoma skin cancer, 60 days of antioxidant supplementation including zinc produced modest reductions in oxidative stress biomarkers (notably 15-F2t-isoprostane) but differences versus placebo were not statistically significant.
In post-polypectomy patients, long-term daily antioxidant supplementation that included zinc (30 mg) reduced adenoma recurrence over follow-up (~39% reduced risk; adjusted HR=0.61, 95% CI 0.41–0.92).
Cluster-randomized trial in rural Nepal found some differences in labor and postpartum outcomes across supplement groups; folic acid–iron–zinc was associated with lower puerperal sepsis versus control.
Cluster-randomized trial in rural Nepal found some differences in labor and postpartum outcomes across supplement groups; folic acid–iron–zinc was associated with lower puerperal sepsis versus control.
Cluster-randomized trial in rural Nepal found some differences in labor and postpartum outcomes across supplement groups; folic acid–iron–zinc was associated with lower puerperal sepsis versus control.
Graves' disease patients treated with methimazole were given antioxidant supplements (no zinc in the supplement) and erythrocyte SOD, Cu, Zn and total antioxidant status were followed for 60 days.
Randomized trial of zinc (45 mg) and multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplementation during 8 months of TB treatment in 499 patients, assessing weight gain and survival.
Randomized trial of zinc (45 mg) and multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplementation during 8 months of TB treatment in 499 patients, assessing weight gain and survival.
Double-blind randomized trial in 106 alcohol-dependent inpatients comparing 21 days of micronutrient supplementation (including zinc 20 mg) versus placebo and measuring serum vitamin and trace element levels.
Adding zinc-arginyl-glycinate to Prostatilen increased sperm motility and improved sperm morphology after 10 days of treatment in men with chronic prostatitis and impaired spermatogenesis.
Adding zinc-arginyl-glycinate to Prostatilen increased sperm motility and improved sperm morphology after 10 days of treatment in men with chronic prostatitis and impaired spermatogenesis.
Adding zinc-arginyl-glycinate to Prostatilen increased sperm motility and improved sperm morphology after 10 days of treatment in men with chronic prostatitis and impaired spermatogenesis.
Daily zinc supplementation in infants (6–15 months) did not change overall rates of diarrhea or respiratory infections over 12 months, though some subgroup benefits were observed.
Daily zinc supplementation in infants (6–15 months) did not change overall rates of diarrhea or respiratory infections over 12 months, though some subgroup benefits were observed.
In HIV-infected lactating women, maternal lipid-based nutrient supplement did not change milk zinc, but maternal antiretroviral therapy reduced milk zinc and copper concentrations in early lactation.
In HIV-infected lactating women, maternal lipid-based nutrient supplement did not change milk zinc, but maternal antiretroviral therapy reduced milk zinc and copper concentrations in early lactation.