Evidence-based effects and studies
Detailed analysis of research findings
Comparison of para‑tracheal versus conventional capsular dissection in bilateral thyroidectomy (n=142) reporting better preservation of parathyroid function and fewer transient hypoparathyroidism cases with the para‑tracheal technique.
Comparison of para‑tracheal versus conventional capsular dissection in bilateral thyroidectomy (n=142) reporting better preservation of parathyroid function and fewer transient hypoparathyroidism cases with the para‑tracheal technique.
Comparison of para‑tracheal versus conventional capsular dissection in bilateral thyroidectomy (n=142) reporting better preservation of parathyroid function and fewer transient hypoparathyroidism cases with the para‑tracheal technique.
In orthodontic patients, photodynamic therapy, chlorhexidine varnish and a tricalcium phosphate (TCP‑5% NaF) varnish were compared for effects on plaque, bacteria and gum inflammation over 18 weeks.
In orthodontic patients, photodynamic therapy, chlorhexidine varnish and a tricalcium phosphate (TCP‑5% NaF) varnish were compared for effects on plaque, bacteria and gum inflammation over 18 weeks.
In orthodontic patients, photodynamic therapy, chlorhexidine varnish and a tricalcium phosphate (TCP‑5% NaF) varnish were compared for effects on plaque, bacteria and gum inflammation over 18 weeks.
Patients undergoing single‑visit endodontic retreatment received one of three root canal sealers (calcium hydroxide‑based, calcium silicate‑based, or epoxy resin‑based); postoperative pain and analgesic use were recorded for 7 days.
In single-visit root canal treatment of symptomatic lower molars, calcium silicate and calcium hydroxide sealers produced similar postoperative pain and analgesic use.
After PKP surgery, patients given calcium plus calcitriol showed improved short-term pain and function and increased BMD versus preoperative; adding calcitonin and exercise improved longer-term outcomes.
Randomized clinical study in previously treated teeth with periapical lesions comparing intracanal Ca(OH)2 alone or with ibuprofen or ciprofloxacin: all Ca(OH)2-based pastes significantly lowered periapical PGE2; Ca(OH)2 + ciprofloxacin produced the largest PGE2 reduction vs Ca(OH)2 alone; no differences in postoperative pain among groups.
In retreatment root canal patients, calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine gel, or their mixture produced similar postoperative pain and flare-up rates over one week.
Using calcium alginate nasal packing after sinus surgery reduced swelling and adhesions versus carboxymethyl cellulose but did not change pain or discharge-related discomfort.
Patients undergoing single‑visit endodontic retreatment received one of three root canal sealers (calcium hydroxide‑based, calcium silicate‑based, or epoxy resin‑based); postoperative pain and analgesic use were recorded for 7 days.
Compared two calcium-silicate sealers and one epoxy-resin sealer after single-visit root canal treatment; postoperative pain and analgesic use were similar across sealers.
In single-visit root canal treatment of symptomatic lower molars, calcium silicate and calcium hydroxide sealers produced similar postoperative pain and analgesic use.
Patients undergoing single‑visit endodontic retreatment received one of three root canal sealers (calcium hydroxide‑based, calcium silicate‑based, or epoxy resin‑based); postoperative pain and analgesic use were recorded for 7 days.
Three‑month randomized, placebo‑controlled pilot in children with celiac disease: prebiotic (Synergy 1) increased vitamin D and E levels but did not change serum mineral concentrations overall.
Overweight people with low dietary calcium were randomized to energy reduction and/or calcium (400 mg + 125 IU vitamin D3 daily) for 2 years; calcium increased serum calcium and 25(OH)D3 but alone produced limited glycemic benefits, while energy reduction plus calcium produced the greatest improvements in fasting glucose and peripheral insulin sensitivity.
Six months of supervised intradialytic exercise in hemodialysis patients increased serum calcium, reduced serum phosphorus and substantially lowered PTH and ALP.
In 60 women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and modestly lowered fasting glucose.
Oral calcidiol (25‑OH vitamin D) quickly raised serum 25(OH)D above 30 ng/ml without altering serum calcium or other mineral metabolism markers over 3 months.
Older adults received calcium plus two doses of vitamin D; vitamin D forms correlated with some BMD changes but free/bioavailable forms were not clearly superior to total 25(OH)D.
Peritoneal dialysis patients randomized to icodextrin versus glucose solutions showed improved nighttime ultrafiltration and several biochemical and clinical changes over 4 months.
Double-blind RCT of a multivitamin/mineral vs placebo in older adults on certain medications; MVMS increased folate and vitamin C status but did not significantly change serum calcium.
In patients with lung cancer and bone metastases, adding zoledronic acid to treatment reduced serum calcium, pain, inflammation and improved quality-of-life and immune markers compared with control.
180 thyroid cancer patients randomized to mitoxantrone tracer, nanocarbon tracer, or no tracer; mitoxantrone tracer improved surgical field clarity and reduced collateral parathyroid/recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, with higher early postoperative serum calcium and PTH.
An imaging method helped surgeons identify and preserve parathyroid glands, resulting in higher postoperative PTH and calcium and fewer cases of low parathyroid function.
In vitamin D–sufficient Indian children with low dietary calcium, vitamin D–calcium supplementation paradoxically raised PTH without changing other bone biochemistry.
In hospitalized diabetic foot patients, lower blood calcium and albumin and higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were associated with worse 6-month outcomes (minor/major amputation or death).
Oral calcium polystyrene sulfonate lowered serum potassium over 7 days; higher dose (30 g/day) had greater effect and was well tolerated.
Intradialytic exercise for 6 months improved 12-month survival and led to increases in serum calcium, physical function, and nutritional markers.
7-day randomized crossover trial in hemodialysis patients: therapeutic diet rapidly improved mineral markers (lower phosphate/PTH/FGF23) and increased serum calcium.
Multicenter randomized trial of vitamin D3 in PCOS; dietary calcium citrate (2×200 mg/day) was provided to participants with low intake — calcium alone for 12 weeks produced minimal changes but yielded partial ovarian‑morphology improvement in a subset.
In non-dialysis CKD-MBD patients, Ronghuang granule improved symptoms and markers of calcium/phosphorus metabolism compared with control.
Compared two oral rehydration salts in children with neurally mediated syncope; electrolytes including serum calcium showed no meaningful change and clinical efficacy was similar between salts.
Measured calciotropic hormones, IGF-1, body composition and bone mass across puberty in adolescents; bone mass rose with Tanner stage while serum calcium did not change.
In CKD patients, paricalcitol improved endothelial function but raised phosphate and slightly increased calcium.
In 48-week randomized treatment completers, both calcium carbonate and sevelamer groups showed decreased serum fetuin-A; calcium carbonate produced a larger serum calcium increase and fetuin-A decreases correlated with calcium increase and changes in iPTH and albumin.
Secondary analysis of a multi‑center SCI trial found multiple race-associated differences in serological markers across the first year, including consistently higher serum calcium in Black versus White participants.
Serum copper, iron, and calcium levels were lower during pulmonary exacerbation and rose by 3 months after recovery in adults with cystic fibrosis.
Randomized children/adolescents to three vitamin D regimens; regimens with loading doses raised 25(OH)D and had small, variable effects on serum calcium and PTH.
In preterm infants, higher vitamin D dose (1000 IU/day) increased serum calcium and vitamin D and improved bone mineralization and growth.
In dialysis patients with refractory SHPT, total parathyroidectomy alone suppressed PTH more effectively and showed no recurrences over 3 years compared with total parathyroidectomy plus autotransplantation; serum calcium was similar between groups.
In edentulous women given dentures, a daily multi-nutrient supplement (containing 150 mg calcium per serving) led to modest within-group improvements and a significant between-group increase in bone mineral density, but most between-group nutritional outcomes were not different.
Extended-release calcifediol normalized 25-hydroxyvitamin D and progressively reduced PTH with minimal effect on serum calcium in CKD patients.
Subcutaneous PTH fragments were rapidly absorbed and caused dose-dependent increases in serum calcium and suppression of endogenous PTH in healthy postmenopausal women.
Not giving routine oral calcium and calcitriol after thyroid surgery in patients with at least one well-perfused parathyroid gland did not change calcium or PTH levels.
Six-month treadmill exercise in obese asthmatics on long-term corticosteroids increased bone mineral density and serum calcium and reduced PTH and inflammatory cytokines compared with controls.
Using carbon nanoparticles in endoscopic thyroid surgery reduced accidental removal of parathyroids and sped recovery of parathyroid hormone; serum calcium was slightly higher but not significantly different.
Higher soy isoflavone exposure was associated with a small increase in serum calcium and a decrease in serum chloride in premenopausal women.
In 373 older adults randomized to 400, 4,000, or 10,000 IU/day vitamin D, higher doses raised urine calcium excretion and caused rare mild transient hypercalcemia, while serum calcium and safety events were otherwise similar.
In hemodialysis patients, adding cinacalcet to paricalcitol led to lower serum phosphorus and higher serum calcium over 6–12 months compared with paricalcitol alone.
Secondary analysis of a 2-year RCT in adults with type 2 diabetes comparing very low‑carb vs high‑carb diets found micronutrient biomarkers (including calcium) remained within normal ranges with no differences between diets.
In 1,277 patients after lumbar fusion, a nomogram including serum calcium predicted surgical site infection risk; lower serum calcium was independently associated with higher SSI risk.
After parathyroidectomy patients received standard postoperative calcium; auricular plaster plus calcium improved quality of life more than calcium carbonate alone.
Vitamin D supplementation for 3 months reduced body size measures and produced significant changes in calcium-related labs.
Structured sunlight exposure increased 25(OH)D levels and led to increases in calcium and albumin in elderly nursing-home residents.
Twelve weeks of 4000 IU/day vitamin D3 increased serum 25(OH)D, raised serum and seminal calcium, and significantly improved total and progressive sperm motility in men with asthenozoospermia.
A new human milk fortifier (higher protein:energy, includes similar mineral/calcium content) increased weight gain in preterm infants; small changes in blood and urine calcium but no change in bone mineral density.
In 30 maintenance hemodialysis patients, HFR caused greater acute reductions in several micronutrients compared with HDF, including serum calcium.
Forty adults with low vitamin D were randomized to daily or monthly cholecalciferol; vitamin D levels rose and serum calcium increased modestly, with decreased PTH and reduced bone turnover on longer monthly treatment.
Weekly ergocalciferol in hemodialysis patients increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels without changing serum calcium or parathyroid hormone.
Fish oil plus wheat germ oil increased mean serum calcium in hemodialysis patients, with no significant changes in other mineral-bone or inflammatory markers.
Pilot randomized double-blind trial in adolescents showing probiotics increased blood biomarkers including vitamins and calcium over 10 weeks versus placebo.
In 466 hospitalized patients randomized to rosuvastatin or atorvastatin, rosuvastatin increased QTc interval; higher serum calcium was associated with reduced risk of QT prolongation.
Randomized trial in severe acute pancreatitis where combination therapy improved clinical outcomes and raised serum calcium compared with conventional care.
Long BPL RYGB led to faster and greater weight loss and better diabetes/dyslipidaemia control; it produced lower serum calcium and hemoglobin and higher PTH compared with standard RYGB, but values remained within normal range.
Large randomized trial measuring vitamin D, calcium and iPTH; vitamin D raised 25(OH)D while calcium stayed stable and iPTH decreased.
In severely obese adults over 12 weeks, a traditional Brazilian diet increased spine and hip BMD and lowered PTH, while extra virgin olive oil supplementation increased serum calcium.
Postmenopausal women receiving Caltrate D (a calcium/vitamin D product) plus exercise had greater lumbar and femoral neck BMD, higher serum calcium and quality-of-life scores, and lower serum phosphorus, ALP and PMOP recurrence versus Caltrate D alone.
Intensive neurorehabilitation improved mood and function in poststroke patients; vitamin D supplementation showed additional biochemical and some clinical changes.
Patients with sialolithiasis had lower serum calcium and higher saliva fetuin-A, saliva phosphorus, and saliva total protein compared with controls, suggesting local biochemical differences in stone formers.
Pregnant women randomized to 1000 vs 2000 IU/day vitamin D: 2000 IU improved maternal 25(OH)D more, but glycemic, lipid and oxidative stress markers were similar; small decreases in maternal serum calcium occurred in both groups.
In 648 acute pancreatitis patients, lower serum calcium was associated with development of severe acute pancreatitis and serum calcium was among the important predictors in the random forest model.
Older adults given calcifediol or vitamin D3 had faster and larger increases in blood vitamin D without causing high blood calcium.
Retrospective MIMIC-IV analysis produced a nomogram to predict 30-day sepsis in ICU TBI patients; lower serum calcium was an independent predictor of higher sepsis risk.
Chicory inulin (oligofructose-enriched) for 2 months raised serum calcium and improved glucose and some liver enzyme measures in female T2DM patients.
100 male type 2 diabetic patients assigned to aerobic or resistance training for 6 months; both exercise types increased serum calcium and handgrip strength and decreased PTH.
In CKD patients, paricalcitol (VDR activator) produced a small rise in serum calcium and phosphate but did not change insulin resistance indices over 12 weeks.
In women with anorexia nervosa, a 4-week protein‑fortified dairy product slightly raised IGF‑I and produced a small increase in serum calcium; no change in bone turnover markers.
Cinacalcet in healthy volunteers produced expected pharmacokinetic behavior and lowered plasma PTH and serum calcium after single and multiple doses.
In 34 healthy adults, a liposomal multivitamin altered how some minerals and vitamins appeared in blood; serum calcium rose at 2 h after the liposomal MVM and some calcium PK markers (Tmax, absorption rate) differed; no side effects reported.
Education and the mobile app increased bone-health knowledge and were associated with changes in some blood markers including calcium.
8-week randomized trial in vitamin D–deficient overweight/obese women with PCOS tested calcium, vitamin D, both, or placebo; co-supplementation improved some insulin and triglyceride measures.
In dialysis patients ferric citrate achieved similar phosphorus control and produced similar changes in serum calcium and PTH compared with sevelamer and/or calcium acetate over 52 weeks.
Double-blind randomized crossover (29 analysed) in people with type 2 diabetes: 6 weeks of inulin-type fructans (16 g/day) did not change serum calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, or bone turnover markers.
8-week randomized double-blind dietary study: EPG altered some fat‑soluble vitamins but did not change serum calcium or other measured minerals.
Oral cancer patients randomized to professional nutritional support (including individualized micronutrient supplements such as calcium tablets when indicated) lost less weight and had more stable lab values including calcium compared with standard care.
In primary molar pulpotomies, choice of base material (including calcium hydroxide) did not change clinical or radiographic success rates over 2 years.
Primary molar pulpotomies were treated using either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA; a calcium‑containing material) or grape seed extract and followed clinically and radiographically up to 6 months.
Tested a new tricalcium silicate dental cement vs standard MTA in children's primary molar pulpotomies; both showed high success but the new cement avoided tooth discoloration.
Split‑mouth RCT in children compared silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and biodentine (a calcium silicate material) for indirect pulp therapy; clinical, radiographic and histological outcomes were assessed.
Children received diode laser pulpotomy with pulp capping by MTA, calcium hydroxide (CH), or calcium‑enriched mixture (CEM); clinical success similar, radiographic outcomes better with MTA/CEM than CH.
In children with infected primary molars, both calcium-enriched mixture cement pulpotomy and pulpectomy gave high success rates with no clear difference.
Children received diode laser pulpotomy with pulp capping by MTA, calcium hydroxide (CH), or calcium‑enriched mixture (CEM); clinical success similar, radiographic outcomes better with MTA/CEM than CH.
Primary molar pulpotomies were treated using either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA; a calcium‑containing material) or grape seed extract and followed clinically and radiographically up to 6 months.
Split‑mouth RCT in children compared silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and biodentine (a calcium silicate material) for indirect pulp therapy; clinical, radiographic and histological outcomes were assessed.
Tested a new tricalcium silicate dental cement vs standard MTA in children's primary molar pulpotomies; both showed high success but the new cement avoided tooth discoloration.
In children receiving pulpotomy, using calcium hydroxide paste produced clinical and radiographic success rates similar to zinc oxide–eugenol over 12 months.
In primary molar pulpotomies, choice of base material (including calcium hydroxide) did not change clinical or radiographic success rates over 2 years.
Primary molar pulpotomies were treated using either mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA; a calcium‑containing material) or grape seed extract and followed clinically and radiographically up to 6 months.
Peritoneal dialysis patients randomized to icodextrin versus glucose solutions showed improved nighttime ultrafiltration and several biochemical and clinical changes over 4 months.
Peritoneal dialysis patients randomized to icodextrin versus glucose solutions showed improved nighttime ultrafiltration and several biochemical and clinical changes over 4 months.
Split‑mouth RCT in children compared silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and biodentine (a calcium silicate material) for indirect pulp therapy; clinical, radiographic and histological outcomes were assessed.
Randomized trial comparing calcium hydroxide mixed with saline, local anesthetic, or 2% chlorhexidine as intracanal medicaments; periapical healing was followed over time.
Randomized trial comparing calcium hydroxide mixed with saline, local anesthetic, or 2% chlorhexidine as intracanal medicaments; periapical healing was followed over time.
Randomized trial comparing calcium hydroxide mixed with saline, local anesthetic, or 2% chlorhexidine as intracanal medicaments; periapical healing was followed over time.
In children with nonvital immature permanent incisors, both Well-Root PT (premixed bioceramic putty) and MTA improved clinical signs; Well-Root PT produced greater reduction in periapical radiolucency and higher periapical bone radiodensity at 12 months.
In children with nonvital immature permanent incisors, both Well-Root PT (premixed bioceramic putty) and MTA improved clinical signs; Well-Root PT produced greater reduction in periapical radiolucency and higher periapical bone radiodensity at 12 months.
In children with nonvital immature permanent incisors, both Well-Root PT (premixed bioceramic putty) and MTA improved clinical signs; Well-Root PT produced greater reduction in periapical radiolucency and higher periapical bone radiodensity at 12 months.
In infertile men seminal fluid phosphate is very high and associated with poorer sperm motility and morphology; high-dose cholecalciferol plus 500 mg calcium daily did not change seminal fluid phosphate.
In infertile men seminal fluid phosphate is very high and associated with poorer sperm motility and morphology; high-dose cholecalciferol plus 500 mg calcium daily did not change seminal fluid phosphate.
In infertile men seminal fluid phosphate is very high and associated with poorer sperm motility and morphology; high-dose cholecalciferol plus 500 mg calcium daily did not change seminal fluid phosphate.
In adult patients undergoing nonsurgical root canal treatment, calcium-silicate-sealer based obturation (SBO) produced similar clinical and radiographic success to warm vertical compaction (WVC) but required significantly less obturation time.
In adult patients undergoing nonsurgical root canal treatment, calcium-silicate-sealer based obturation (SBO) produced similar clinical and radiographic success to warm vertical compaction (WVC) but required significantly less obturation time.
In adult patients undergoing nonsurgical root canal treatment, calcium-silicate-sealer based obturation (SBO) produced similar clinical and radiographic success to warm vertical compaction (WVC) but required significantly less obturation time.
Overweight people with low dietary calcium were randomized to energy reduction and/or calcium (400 mg + 125 IU vitamin D3 daily) for 2 years; calcium increased serum calcium and 25(OH)D3 but alone produced limited glycemic benefits, while energy reduction plus calcium produced the greatest improvements in fasting glucose and peripheral insulin sensitivity.
Older adults received calcium plus two doses of vitamin D; vitamin D forms correlated with some BMD changes but free/bioavailable forms were not clearly superior to total 25(OH)D.
In hemodialysis patients, L-carnitine supplementation increased plasma calcium and phosphate but did not change PTH or FGF23 over one year.
In CKD patients, paricalcitol lowered PTH substantially and increased circulating FGF23 over 12 weeks.
In kidney transplant recipients all given calcium and vitamin D, addition of pamidronate did not change bone mineral density over 6 months compared with control; calcium + vitamin D may have mitigated early bone loss.
In a randomized crossover study of healthy women, strenuous load-carriage exercise lowered ionized calcium, raised PTH, increased fractional calcium absorption, and produced a more positive calcium balance.
Double-blind RCT in healthy young adults (33 enrolled, 30 completed) randomized to 600, 4000 or 10,000 IU/day vitamin D3 for 24 weeks assessing serum 25(OH)D, PTH, calcium and genome-wide gene expression in white blood cells.
In this Macau population survey, taking calcium supplements was modestly associated with slightly higher vitamin D levels and slightly lower PTH.
In post-RYGB patients given 1200 mg elemental calcium daily, calcium citrate and calcium carbonate produced similar small changes in PTH, but citrate produced larger reductions in bone turnover markers.
1000 IU/day vitamin D3 for one month increased 25(OH)D and lowered PTH but did not improve measured physical performance.
Pilot randomized trial of four weekly whole‑body UV sessions in vitamin D‑deficient adults; UV exposure raised vitamin D and altered calcium‑phosphorus metabolism without causing systemic inflammation.
Six months of supervised intradialytic exercise in hemodialysis patients increased serum calcium, reduced serum phosphorus and substantially lowered PTH and ALP.
Single 1000 mg calcium dose from milk or calcium carbonate acutely reduced bone resorption (CTX-1) and lowered PTH in postmenopausal women regardless of visceral fat.
Switching dialysis acid from acetate to citrate lowered pre-dialysis ionic calcium and increased PTH, reduced hypotension, and increased lean mass index over 16 weeks.
Intervention (pilot n=12) and RCT (98 randomized, 98 included) evaluated single‑dose denosumab (60 mg) in infertile men: denosumab caused a transient fall in serum calcium with compensatory PTH rise and associated changes in phosphate and bone turnover markers; most changes normalized over months.
Small randomized study in postmenopausal women showing 12 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise increased PTH and vitamin D and altered ECG P-R interval; calcium changes not reported as significant.
In vitamin D–sufficient Indian children with low dietary calcium, vitamin D–calcium supplementation paradoxically raised PTH without changing other bone biochemistry.
Taking 1000 mg calcium 60 min before prolonged load carriage kept blood calcium higher, lowered PTH, and reduced markers of bone breakdown versus no supplement.
RCT (n=50) comparing low vs high dialysate calcium over 12 months: low dialysate calcium lowered pre-dialysis ionised calcium and raised PTH but did not change vascular calcification, PWV, LVMI, or BMD.
A 13-week vitamin D, calcium and leucine-enriched whey protein supplement increased 25(OH)D, suppressed PTH and produced small but positive increases in total-body BMD.
In bariatric surgery patients ~9–10 months post‑op, calcium citrate produced greater calcium bioavailability than calcium carbonate: higher serum AUC and Cmax, greater urinary calcium excretion, and larger PTH suppression.
In middle-aged men, dietary calcium intake was not associated with baseline bone mineral density or bone loss over 2 years, though higher calcium intake correlated with slightly lower PTH.
In vitamin D–deficient community adults, vitamin D with or without calcium showed no clear clinical benefit over placebo at 6 months, though combined vitamin D+calcium reduced PTH and increased urine Ca/Cr in adherent subjects.
Small double-blind RCT in heart failure patients testing high-dose vitamin D3 vs placebo; vitamin D levels rose markedly and some hormonal (PTH), BNP and QOL measures improved.
Not giving routine oral calcium and calcitriol after thyroid surgery in patients with at least one well-perfused parathyroid gland did not change calcium or PTH levels.
In 36 pediatric ALL patients, daily vitamin D (4000 IU) plus calcium (1000 mg) with or without omega‑3 for 6 weeks increased 25(OH)D, lowered PTH, and the omega‑3 group showed reduced ICTP (a bone resorption marker) at 12 weeks.
In recurrent calcium stone formers with vitamin D deficiency, two vitamin D repletion protocols raised serum 25(OH)D, lowered PTH, and increased 24‑h urinary calcium without changing stone supersaturation.
A high-calcium dairy breakfast before cycling kept blood ionized calcium steadier and reduced markers of bone resorption compared with a low-calcium meal.
Twelve-week randomized study: calcium- and vitamin D–fortified milk (higher calcium + vitamin D + FOS-inulin) reduced bone resorption markers and PTH more than regular milk, especially in postmenopausal women.
100 male type 2 diabetic patients assigned to aerobic or resistance training for 6 months; both exercise types increased serum calcium and handgrip strength and decreased PTH.
In dialysis patients with refractory SHPT, total parathyroidectomy alone suppressed PTH more effectively and showed no recurrences over 3 years compared with total parathyroidectomy plus autotransplantation; serum calcium was similar between groups.
Six-month treadmill exercise in obese asthmatics on long-term corticosteroids increased bone mineral density and serum calcium and reduced PTH and inflammatory cytokines compared with controls.
Randomized children/adolescents to three vitamin D regimens; regimens with loading doses raised 25(OH)D and had small, variable effects on serum calcium and PTH.
Single-center randomized trial (68 per arm) comparing percutaneous ethanol ablation (PEA) to parathyroidectomy (PTx) for solitary parathyroid adenoma; both treatments substantially reduced PTH, serum-adjusted calcium and adenoma size with similar efficacy at 6 months.
In pediatric ESRD patients, substituting some hemodialysis sessions with online hemodiafiltration improved biochemical markers including calcium/phosphorus/PTH and reduced inflammation over follow-up.
In adolescents, milk powder fortified with calcium (300–900 mg/day) plus vitamin D for 1.5 years did not produce greater bone density gains versus control, but altered PTH and IGF-1.
In dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, IV etelcalcetide over 1 year reduced PTH and lowered blood calcium and phosphate; hypocalcemia occurred in some patients.
Weekly ergocalciferol in hemodialysis patients increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels without changing serum calcium or parathyroid hormone.
In obese adults with vitamin D deficiency, adding high-dose weekly vitamin D to a weight-loss diet raised vitamin D levels and reduced PTH, inflammatory markers, and fat mass.
35-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 64 healthy college students comparing 400 mg/day calcium supplement vs placebo with identical controlled diet: no significant differences in serum/urine metabolites, calcium-related hormones, or biochemical indicators.
In an 8-week controlled feeding trial, the DASH diet modestly lowered active vitamin D (calcitriol) but did not change PTH or blood ionized calcium.
After stroke only serum calcium showed clear circadian rhythm; naturalistic light was associated with lower PTH at discharge.
Randomized comparison of sevelamer versus calcium acetate in dialysis patients with high phosphate; calcium acetate lowered phosphate but increased serum calcium and was associated with greater coronary calcification progression than sevelamer.
Randomized comparison of sevelamer versus calcium acetate in dialysis patients with high phosphate; calcium acetate lowered phosphate but increased serum calcium and was associated with greater coronary calcification progression than sevelamer.
Randomized comparison of sevelamer versus calcium acetate in dialysis patients with high phosphate; calcium acetate lowered phosphate but increased serum calcium and was associated with greater coronary calcification progression than sevelamer.
Randomized comparison of sevelamer versus calcium acetate in dialysis patients with high phosphate; calcium acetate lowered phosphate but increased serum calcium and was associated with greater coronary calcification progression than sevelamer.
Randomized comparison of sevelamer versus calcium acetate in dialysis patients with high phosphate; calcium acetate lowered phosphate but increased serum calcium and was associated with greater coronary calcification progression than sevelamer.
In 30 maintenance hemodialysis patients, HFR caused greater acute reductions in several micronutrients compared with HDF, including serum calcium.
In 30 maintenance hemodialysis patients, HFR caused greater acute reductions in several micronutrients compared with HDF, including serum calcium.
In 30 maintenance hemodialysis patients, HFR caused greater acute reductions in several micronutrients compared with HDF, including serum calcium.
In 466 hospitalized patients randomized to rosuvastatin or atorvastatin, rosuvastatin increased QTc interval; higher serum calcium was associated with reduced risk of QT prolongation.
In women with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy (which corrects hypercalcemia) reduced premature heart beats and normalized QTc on 24-h ECG.
In 466 hospitalized patients randomized to rosuvastatin or atorvastatin, rosuvastatin increased QTc interval; higher serum calcium was associated with reduced risk of QT prolongation.
In 32 children (100 teeth), in‑office application followed by home use of remineralizing agents improved enamel remineralization and color of white‑spot lesions; nano‑hydroxyapatite (NHA) produced the largest remineralization effect.
Randomized trial (5 groups) testing violet LED with/without peroxide gels for tooth whitening; LED+HP gave largest color change, LED alone least; tooth sensitivity varied by protocol; enamel Ca/P ratio did not decrease after treatments.
In 32 children (100 teeth), in‑office application followed by home use of remineralizing agents improved enamel remineralization and color of white‑spot lesions; nano‑hydroxyapatite (NHA) produced the largest remineralization effect.
After tooth bleaching, CPP-ACPF reduced immediate post-operative sensitivity (notably after the first session) vs control; NovaMin showed only short-term reduction and neither agent affected bleaching color change.
In 36 pediatric ALL patients, daily vitamin D (4000 IU) plus calcium (1000 mg) with or without omega‑3 for 6 weeks increased 25(OH)D, lowered PTH, and the omega‑3 group showed reduced ICTP (a bone resorption marker) at 12 weeks.
100 adults ≥50 y in a randomized cross-over trial: monthly vitamin D alone produced higher compliance than daily vitamin D+calcium, with similar changes in 25(OH)D.
In 36 pediatric ALL patients, daily vitamin D (4000 IU) plus calcium (1000 mg) with or without omega‑3 for 6 weeks increased 25(OH)D, lowered PTH, and the omega‑3 group showed reduced ICTP (a bone resorption marker) at 12 weeks.
In 36 pediatric ALL patients, daily vitamin D (4000 IU) plus calcium (1000 mg) with or without omega‑3 for 6 weeks increased 25(OH)D, lowered PTH, and the omega‑3 group showed reduced ICTP (a bone resorption marker) at 12 weeks.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in pediatric IBS (active: calcium butyrate 500 mg + zinc + vitamin D once daily for 8 weeks) showing large, clinically meaningful reductions in abdominal pain and overall GI symptoms and associated microbiome/metabolome changes.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in pediatric IBS (active: calcium butyrate 500 mg + zinc + vitamin D once daily for 8 weeks) showing large, clinically meaningful reductions in abdominal pain and overall GI symptoms and associated microbiome/metabolome changes.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in pediatric IBS (active: calcium butyrate 500 mg + zinc + vitamin D once daily for 8 weeks) showing large, clinically meaningful reductions in abdominal pain and overall GI symptoms and associated microbiome/metabolome changes.
Crossover randomized trial in children compared a calcium-phosphate mouth rinse (Caphosol) versus saline; Caphosol cycles were associated with fewer severe oral symptoms and modest microbiome differences.
Crossover randomized trial in children compared a calcium-phosphate mouth rinse (Caphosol) versus saline; Caphosol cycles were associated with fewer severe oral symptoms and modest microbiome differences.
Crossover randomized trial in children compared a calcium-phosphate mouth rinse (Caphosol) versus saline; Caphosol cycles were associated with fewer severe oral symptoms and modest microbiome differences.
24-week RCT testing vitamin D and/or calcium in people with prediabetes; vitamin D+calcium improved PSQI vs baseline and calcium alone improved sleep in prespecified subgroups.
Pilot randomized trial of four weekly whole‑body UV sessions in vitamin D‑deficient adults; UV exposure raised vitamin D and altered calcium‑phosphorus metabolism without causing systemic inflammation.
Daily supplementation with 1000 IU vitamin D plus 500 mg calcium for six months increased serum 25(OH)D in schoolchildren; children with lower baseline levels benefited most.
A multimodal nutrition protocol around knee replacement reduced albumin transfusions, electrolyte disorders including low calcium on day 1, and shortened hospital stay.
Randomized trial with >10-year follow-up (analyzed n=151) comparing total thyroidectomy alone vs with prophylactic central compartment lymph node dissection: no differences in oncologic outcomes or rates of permanent hypocalcemia or serum calcium at long-term follow-up.
Pilot randomized trial of four weekly whole‑body UV sessions in vitamin D‑deficient adults; UV exposure raised vitamin D and altered calcium‑phosphorus metabolism without causing systemic inflammation.
12-week randomized dietary supplement trial in adults with abdominal obesity; whey protein increased urinary calcium but did not change bone turnover markers or BMD.
Prospective randomized study in postmenopausal women given calcium + vitamin D with or without genistein; vitamin D increases associated with reductions in bone turnover markers, and genistein added no consistent additional benefit.
Randomized double-blind trial in 150 postmenopausal women testing placebo, calcium+vitamin D, and calcium+vitamin D+genistein for 12 weeks; vitamin D rose in all groups and adding genistein produced no additional changes in vitamin D, calcium metabolism, or bone remodeling markers.
In older men doing home-based resistance exercise, obesity/metabolic risk reduced anabolic response; a higher-quality multi-ingredient supplement (which included calcium) produced better lean-mass, strength and bone marker outcomes than a lower-quality supplement.
Longitudinal study of 467 pregnant Gambian women showing small increases in peripheral bone density and marked biochemical changes between early second and third trimesters despite low habitual calcium intake.
Randomized, blinded, controlled trial testing intranasal 1% disodium orthophosphate vs saline for chronic post-COVID-19 smell loss.
Intranasal sodium gluconate (a calcium-chelating agent) reduced nasal calcium and was associated with improved sense of smell one month after treatment in post‑COVID patients.
Intranasal NTA reduced nasal mucus calcium and markedly improved sense of smell in COVID-19 patients.
Topical intranasal DTPA significantly reduced nasal mucus calcium and improved smell scores in patients with post-COVID-19 anosmia.
Randomized, blinded, controlled trial testing intranasal 1% disodium orthophosphate vs saline for chronic post-COVID-19 smell loss.
Randomized study in hemodialysis patients (105 completers) showing that adding rhubarb to medicinal activated carbon reduced serum phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product, and PTH over 8 weeks.
Six months of supervised intradialytic exercise in hemodialysis patients increased serum calcium, reduced serum phosphorus and substantially lowered PTH and ALP.
In dialysis patients ferric citrate achieved similar phosphorus control and produced similar changes in serum calcium and PTH compared with sevelamer and/or calcium acetate over 52 weeks.
In 60 postmenopausal women with CKD stage 5, raloxifene increased lumbar spine BMD (~+2%) but did not differ from placebo in reducing intact PTH.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, 500 mg/day resveratrol for 6 months modestly improved whole-body bone density and content and altered phosphorus and vitamin D markers compared to placebo.
Adding systematic diet education and multidisciplinary nursing improved nutrition, lowered serum phosphorus and Ca×P product, and reduced anxiety in DKD patients on alogliptin.
In dialysis patients, non-calcium phosphate binders reduced serum phosphorus and markedly lowered FGF-23 over 1 year; iPTH fell initially then returned near baseline.
Adding nicotinamide to calcium-based phosphate binders lowered serum phosphorus and improved lipid parameters in pediatric hemodialysis patients.
Ferric citrate was non-inferior to sevelamer at lowering serum phosphorus in hemodialysis patients; corrected serum calcium and intact-PTH changes were similar, while ferric citrate improved iron indices and had more mild GI adverse events.
In hemodialysis patients, adding cinacalcet to paricalcitol led to lower serum phosphorus and higher serum calcium over 6–12 months compared with paricalcitol alone.
Giving 60 g/day formula milk (rich in calcium and vitamin D) to 4–6 y children for 12 months increased forearm bone mass and caused short-term biomarker changes.
Randomized open-label trial in Thai youth on TDF/FTC PrEP: vitamin D (200 IU) plus calcium (600 mg) supplementation twice daily led to greater lumbar spine BMD gains at 6 months versus no supplementation.
Pregnant women randomized to 1000 vs 2000 IU/day vitamin D: 2000 IU improved maternal 25(OH)D more, but glycemic, lipid and oxidative stress markers were similar; small decreases in maternal serum calcium occurred in both groups.
A 24‑week RCT of fortified milk (providing ~1008 mg Ca/day) plus exercise improved vitamin B‑12 and 25(OH)D levels and reduced bone turnover markers versus control.
Personalized vitamin D3 loading followed by 2000 IU/day raised 25(OH)D to sufficiency in CRC patients; no cases of hypervitaminosis D or hypercalcemia occurred, though transient hypercalciuria was observed in some patients after loading dose.
Daily 1200 IU vitamin D prevented wintertime vitamin D deficiency but did not change hand grip strength or major hormone levels in young male conscripts.
1000 IU/day vitamin D3 for one month increased 25(OH)D and lowered PTH but did not improve measured physical performance.
Randomized placebo-controlled 16-week trial in vitamin D-deficient overweight/obese adults: cholecalciferol raised 25(OH)D and lowered iPTH but did not change serum calcium, phosphate, iFGF-23, or whole-body BMD.
Double-blind RCT in healthy young adults (33 enrolled, 30 completed) randomized to 600, 4000 or 10,000 IU/day vitamin D3 for 24 weeks assessing serum 25(OH)D, PTH, calcium and genome-wide gene expression in white blood cells.
In osteoporosis patients given denosumab plus vitamin D and calcium supplements, supplementation raised 25(OH)D to sufficiency and denosumab increased BMD and reduced vertebral fracture risk versus placebo irrespective of baseline vitamin D status.
In older adults in a 3-year randomized trial (Ca + vitamin D vs placebo), serum klotho was inversely related to waist circumference in women but Ca+D treatment did not change klotho levels or musculoskeletal outcomes.
In older adults in a 3-year randomized trial (Ca + vitamin D vs placebo), serum klotho was inversely related to waist circumference in women but Ca+D treatment did not change klotho levels or musculoskeletal outcomes.
In older adults in a 3-year randomized trial (Ca + vitamin D vs placebo), serum klotho was inversely related to waist circumference in women but Ca+D treatment did not change klotho levels or musculoskeletal outcomes.
In a randomized trial comparing sodium butyrate and calcium butyrate for MASLD, calcium butyrate did not change liver steatosis overall but significantly reduced fecal calprotectin (marker of gut inflammation); sodium butyrate reduced TMAO.
In a randomized trial comparing sodium butyrate and calcium butyrate for MASLD, calcium butyrate did not change liver steatosis overall but significantly reduced fecal calprotectin (marker of gut inflammation); sodium butyrate reduced TMAO.
In a 6-month double-blind RCT comparing NaF varnish, two toothpastes (one containing bioactive glass/calcium-phosphate) and a metal-containing product, all reduced dentin hypersensitivity and improved oral health–related quality of life; Ca-containing bioactive glass toothpaste (Biomin F) was effective over time.
In a 6-month double-blind RCT comparing NaF varnish, two toothpastes (one containing bioactive glass/calcium-phosphate) and a metal-containing product, all reduced dentin hypersensitivity and improved oral health–related quality of life; Ca-containing bioactive glass toothpaste (Biomin F) was effective over time.
Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in cesarean deliveries: IV calcium gluconate (1 g) did not improve obstetrician-assessed uterine tone but reduced blood loss and need for additional uterotonics.
Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in cesarean deliveries: IV calcium gluconate (1 g) did not improve obstetrician-assessed uterine tone but reduced blood loss and need for additional uterotonics.
Randomized, placebo-controlled trial in cesarean deliveries: IV calcium gluconate (1 g) did not improve obstetrician-assessed uterine tone but reduced blood loss and need for additional uterotonics.
Randomized double-blind trial in 217 adults with AF/AFL found IV calcium chloride pretreatment (90 or 180 mg) prevented diltiazem-induced hypotension, raising SBP at 5–15 min without increasing adverse events.
Pre-bleaching application of a calcium phosphate–based desensitizer markedly reduced bleaching-associated sensitivity during treatment and up to one week, without affecting whitening.
Hydroxyapatite deposition by PJD reduced dentin hypersensitivity similarly to a calcium‑phosphate desensitizer over 12 weeks; non‑inferiority was not statistically demonstrated.
Two large randomized trials (India and Tanzania) compared 500 mg vs 1500 mg daily calcium in pregnancy; 500 mg was noninferior to 1500 mg for preeclampsia overall.
In pregnant women with pre‑existing diabetes, an adapted DASH diet vs standard diet produced no difference in preeclampsia incidence; both groups improved glycated hemoglobin and some oxidative markers improved with DASH; calcium supplements (500 mg/day) were prescribed to women with low intake but not analyzed separately.
Double-blind randomized crossover (29 analysed) in people with type 2 diabetes: 6 weeks of inulin-type fructans (16 g/day) did not change serum calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, or bone turnover markers.
Double-blind randomized crossover (29 analysed) in people with type 2 diabetes: 6 weeks of inulin-type fructans (16 g/day) did not change serum calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, or bone turnover markers.
Triple-blind RCT in 60 patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis: Jasminum-based TiO2 nano-reinforced calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament produced greater and faster reduction in postoperative pain over 96 hours than conventional calcium hydroxide.
Partial pulpotomy using two calcium‑silicate materials (MTA Angelus vs Total Fill BC) showed similar long‑term success; Total Fill BC was associated with higher postoperative pain intensity.
Randomized trial in single-rooted premolars found no difference in postoperative pain between epoxy-resin and calcium silicate sealers or with/without sonic activation; low overall pain.
Randomized single-blind trial comparing two calcium‑silicate dental pulp capping materials (TheraCal LC vs iRoot BP Plus) in pulpitis permanent teeth; both achieved similar 1‑year success but TheraCal LC had shorter procedure time and less early postoperative pain.
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial (n=66) of topical glutamate diacetate (calcium chelator) vs saline in post-COVID chronic olfactory dysfunction: GLD reduced nasal calcium and produced small improvements in olfactory test scores, though changes did not reach clinical significance.
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial (n=66) of topical glutamate diacetate (calcium chelator) vs saline in post-COVID chronic olfactory dysfunction: GLD reduced nasal calcium and produced small improvements in olfactory test scores, though changes did not reach clinical significance.
Double-blind placebo-controlled trial (n=66) of topical glutamate diacetate (calcium chelator) vs saline in post-COVID chronic olfactory dysfunction: GLD reduced nasal calcium and produced small improvements in olfactory test scores, though changes did not reach clinical significance.
Randomized clinical/histological trial in 40 children (80 treated primary molars) comparing ACTIVA BioACTIVE vs MTA for pulpotomy: ACTIVA induced milder vascular changes, stronger fibrotic response, greater fibronectin and osteopontin expression, and more pulp-stone formation at 15–30 days.
Randomized clinical/histological trial in 40 children (80 treated primary molars) comparing ACTIVA BioACTIVE vs MTA for pulpotomy: ACTIVA induced milder vascular changes, stronger fibrotic response, greater fibronectin and osteopontin expression, and more pulp-stone formation at 15–30 days.
Randomized clinical/histological trial in 40 children (80 treated primary molars) comparing ACTIVA BioACTIVE vs MTA for pulpotomy: ACTIVA induced milder vascular changes, stronger fibrotic response, greater fibronectin and osteopontin expression, and more pulp-stone formation at 15–30 days.
In older women with frailty, sequential teriparatide→alendronate reduced vertebral fracture risk in physically frail patients; higher serum calcium was associated with lower rates of stopping treatment.
In older women with frailty, sequential teriparatide→alendronate reduced vertebral fracture risk in physically frail patients; higher serum calcium was associated with lower rates of stopping treatment.
Selective removal to soft dentin (with or without calcium silicate) had higher 5-year tooth vitality success than selective removal to firm dentin; calcium silicate improved dentin bridge formation in deeper cavities.
In children needing indirect pulp therapy, calcium hydroxide performed similarly to other agents for clinical and radiographic success at 12 months, with moderate dentin bridge formation.
Combining Er:YAG laser with a calcium-silicate material (Biodentine) improved dentin bridge formation and reduced postoperative sensitivity compared with other approaches.
In a split-mouth randomized trial in children, WMTA mixed with 2.25% NaOCl gel improved short‑term odontoblastic integrity but showed less complete dentin bridge formation and more early pulp calcification compared with WMTA mixed with distilled water.
In 7–9-year-old children with pulp exposures, Biodentine and MTA showed 100% clinical and radiographic success at 6 and 12 months and similar dentin bridge formation.
Combining Er:YAG laser with a calcium-silicate material (Biodentine) improved dentin bridge formation and reduced postoperative sensitivity compared with other approaches.
Combining Er:YAG laser with a calcium-silicate material (Biodentine) improved dentin bridge formation and reduced postoperative sensitivity compared with other approaches.
Adding rhBMP-2 to a biphasic calcium phosphate graft markedly increased new bone formation and accelerated graft replacement in extraction sockets.
Adding rhBMP-2 to a biphasic calcium phosphate graft markedly increased new bone formation and accelerated graft replacement in extraction sockets.
Adding rhBMP-2 to a biphasic calcium phosphate graft markedly increased new bone formation and accelerated graft replacement in extraction sockets.
76 primary molar perforations repaired with MTA or premixed bioceramic; premixed bioceramic showed a trend to better sealing and superior clinical/radiographic performance at 6 and 12 months.
Split-mouth RCT: two-step high-concentration ammonium fluoride + nano-CaF2 (contains calcium fluoride) produced superior remineralization and higher lesion regression vs single-step ammonium fluoride varnish over 12 months.
Split-mouth RCT: two-step high-concentration ammonium fluoride + nano-CaF2 (contains calcium fluoride) produced superior remineralization and higher lesion regression vs single-step ammonium fluoride varnish over 12 months.
Split-mouth RCT: two-step high-concentration ammonium fluoride + nano-CaF2 (contains calcium fluoride) produced superior remineralization and higher lesion regression vs single-step ammonium fluoride varnish over 12 months.
An 8-week education program based on Pender’s model increased pregnant women's calcium-rich food consumption and improved related knowledge and self-efficacy.
An 8-week education program based on Pender’s model increased pregnant women's calcium-rich food consumption and improved related knowledge and self-efficacy.
An 8-week education program based on Pender’s model increased pregnant women's calcium-rich food consumption and improved related knowledge and self-efficacy.
Use of an advanced hemodialysis system in elderly CKD patients improved inflammatory markers, renal function metrics, and calcium–phosphorus homeostasis compared with standard therapy.
Use of an advanced hemodialysis system in elderly CKD patients improved inflammatory markers, renal function metrics, and calcium–phosphorus homeostasis compared with standard therapy.
Use of an advanced hemodialysis system in elderly CKD patients improved inflammatory markers, renal function metrics, and calcium–phosphorus homeostasis compared with standard therapy.
Randomized comparison of acemannan vs calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping in primary molars (6-month outcomes): similar clinical/radiographic success but acemannan showed better histology.
Partial pulpotomy in immature permanent molars using Biodentine, MTA, or calcium hydroxide had high overall success (87%); Biodentine and MTA showed higher (but not statistically significant) success than calcium hydroxide; root lengths increased at 6 months.
Multicenter randomized trial of vitamin D3 in PCOS; dietary calcium citrate (2×200 mg/day) was provided to participants with low intake — calcium alone for 12 weeks produced minimal changes but yielded partial ovarian‑morphology improvement in a subset.
Multicenter randomized trial of vitamin D3 in PCOS; dietary calcium citrate (2×200 mg/day) was provided to participants with low intake — calcium alone for 12 weeks produced minimal changes but yielded partial ovarian‑morphology improvement in a subset.
120 premenopausal women with osteoporosis did 16 weeks of HIIT, vitamin D, both, or control; bone density, vitamin D, and bone markers were measured.
120 premenopausal women with osteoporosis did 16 weeks of HIIT, vitamin D, both, or control; bone density, vitamin D, and bone markers were measured.
120 premenopausal women with osteoporosis did 16 weeks of HIIT, vitamin D, both, or control; bone density, vitamin D, and bone markers were measured.
Triple-blind randomized trial comparing PRG Barrier Coat, Embrace varnish (xylitol‑coated calcium/phosphate), and Duraphat varnish for dentin hypersensitivity and tubule occlusion.
Triple-blind randomized trial comparing PRG Barrier Coat, Embrace varnish (xylitol‑coated calcium/phosphate), and Duraphat varnish for dentin hypersensitivity and tubule occlusion.
Triple-blind randomized trial comparing PRG Barrier Coat, Embrace varnish (xylitol‑coated calcium/phosphate), and Duraphat varnish for dentin hypersensitivity and tubule occlusion.
Randomized trial (n=108) comparing direct pulp capping with MTA alone versus PRF placed before MTA; clinical and CBCT radiographic outcomes at 6 and 12 months.
Randomized trial in children comparing three cavity liners (calcium hydroxide, MTA, Portland cement) after selective caries removal; all liners performed similarly over 12 months.
Randomized trial (n=108) comparing direct pulp capping with MTA alone versus PRF placed before MTA; clinical and CBCT radiographic outcomes at 6 and 12 months.
Multicenter randomized pilot trial (n=105) testing IV calcium and magnesium correction vs placebo in acute ICH to assess safety, serum level correction, hematoma expansion, and 30‑day outcome.
Multicenter randomized pilot trial (n=105) testing IV calcium and magnesium correction vs placebo in acute ICH to assess safety, serum level correction, hematoma expansion, and 30‑day outcome.
Multicenter randomized pilot trial (n=105) testing IV calcium and magnesium correction vs placebo in acute ICH to assess safety, serum level correction, hematoma expansion, and 30‑day outcome.
RCT (n=70 allocated, 68 completed) of tailored progressive dietary advice plus new complete dentures vs standard care in edentulous elders, assessing nutritional status (MNA) and nutrient intake at 3 months.
Adding 50 g/day Kashk (high‑protein, calcium‑enriched probiotic yogurt) to a low‑energy diet for 8 weeks improved lipids and reduced body weight and waist in overweight/obese women.
RCT (n=70 allocated, 68 completed) of tailored progressive dietary advice plus new complete dentures vs standard care in edentulous elders, assessing nutritional status (MNA) and nutrient intake at 3 months.
In vitamin D–insufficient adults with type 2 diabetes, 8 weeks of calcium plus vitamin D reduced BMI, hip circumference, and systolic blood pressure versus placebo.
Twelve weeks of a nutrient-dense drink (contains 250 mg calcium/serving) increased energy and micronutrient intake and improved body weight and some muscle mass in older outpatients at risk of malnutrition.
In this cohort, pregnant women frequently did not meet recommended micronutrient intakes, including calcium, across trimesters.
Crossover RCT: eating two calcium-fortified cereal bars daily for 3 weeks significantly increased women's dietary calcium intake (~+360 mg/day) without increasing energy intake or body weight.
Oral nutritional supplements plus dietary counseling increased energy and micronutrient intakes (including calcium), and improved appetite versus counseling alone in picky-eating children over 90 days.
Adding walnuts to the diet increased intake of calcium and several fats and raised calories when intake was not calorie-controlled.
An 8-week protein-rich home meal service increased protein and calcium intake and improved sit-to-stand performance in older adults compared with control.
Twelve weeks of a nutrient-dense drink (contains 250 mg calcium/serving) increased energy and micronutrient intake and improved body weight and some muscle mass in older outpatients at risk of malnutrition.
Dietary recalls in 12-month-old infants showed generally low nutrient intakes and inadequacy for multiple micronutrients including calcium, with protein intake slightly higher in the intervention arm.
Post-hoc analysis of an RCT comparing fasting + plant-based diet vs guideline diet in RA patients; both groups had dietary calcium below recommendations, with the guideline (DGE) group having higher calcium intake than the PBD group.
Twelve weeks of a nutrient-dense drink (contains 250 mg calcium/serving) increased energy and micronutrient intake and improved body weight and some muscle mass in older outpatients at risk of malnutrition.
An 8-week online program improved older adults' calcium intake, knowledge, and confidence about bone-health behaviors.
In this small pilot secondary analysis, patients who reduced sodium intake ≥25% had larger decreases in dietary calcium intake but no adverse changes in overall nutritional status.
Compared diets of 20 HPP patients and 20 matched controls and related calcium/phosphorus intake to symptom frequency.
Nutrition counseling (medical nutrition therapy) led people living with HIV to increase intake of calcium, vitamin D and other nutrients and to increase exercise over the intervention period.
An 8-week protein-rich home meal service increased protein and calcium intake and improved sit-to-stand performance in older adults compared with control.
Adding walnuts to the diet increased intake of calcium and several fats and raised calories when intake was not calorie-controlled.
One-year RCT in habitual snackers comparing daily almonds vs biscuits: diet quality improved with almonds but body weight did not change.
12-week randomized trial in Chinese adults at risk of malnutrition: daily oral nutrition supplement increased weight, anthropometric measures, and multiple nutrient intakes.
Randomized study in obese vitamin‑D‑deficient women: combined high‑dose cholecalciferol plus calcium with a weight‑loss diet produced larger decreases in weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat, glycemia, PTH and lipids vs controls.
Twelve weeks of a nutrient-dense drink (contains 250 mg calcium/serving) increased energy and micronutrient intake and improved body weight and some muscle mass in older outpatients at risk of malnutrition.
Among overweight adults on a 24-week calorie-restricted diet, high-dairy (higher calcium) intake did not increase fecal fat excretion or accelerate weight/fat loss versus low-dairy.
Twelve weeks of a nutrient-dense drink (contains 250 mg calcium/serving) increased energy and micronutrient intake and improved body weight and some muscle mass in older outpatients at risk of malnutrition.
In regenerative endodontic treatment of traumatized immature teeth, both calcium hydroxide (CH) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHD) dressings reduced bacterial loads; greater reductions were associated with successful clinical outcomes and presence of E. faecalis after treatment associated with failure.
In regenerative endodontic treatment of traumatized immature teeth, both calcium hydroxide (CH) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHD) dressings reduced bacterial loads; greater reductions were associated with successful clinical outcomes and presence of E. faecalis after treatment associated with failure.
In regenerative endodontic treatment of traumatized immature teeth, both calcium hydroxide (CH) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHD) dressings reduced bacterial loads; greater reductions were associated with successful clinical outcomes and presence of E. faecalis after treatment associated with failure.
After 4 weeks indwelling, stents with Hydroplus coating (Percuflex) accumulated more calcium and magnesium and caused worse urinary symptoms compared with Percushield (Tria) and pHreeCoat (InLay Optima) coated stents.
After 4 weeks indwelling, stents with Hydroplus coating (Percuflex) accumulated more calcium and magnesium and caused worse urinary symptoms compared with Percushield (Tria) and pHreeCoat (InLay Optima) coated stents.
After 4 weeks indwelling, stents with Hydroplus coating (Percuflex) accumulated more calcium and magnesium and caused worse urinary symptoms compared with Percushield (Tria) and pHreeCoat (InLay Optima) coated stents.
β-TCP coated bovine deproteinized bone performed similarly to Bio-Oss® for alveolar ridge preservation over 6 months; changes in ridge width and height did not differ significantly between materials.
β-TCP coated bovine deproteinized bone performed similarly to Bio-Oss® for alveolar ridge preservation over 6 months; changes in ridge width and height did not differ significantly between materials.
β-TCP coated bovine deproteinized bone performed similarly to Bio-Oss® for alveolar ridge preservation over 6 months; changes in ridge width and height did not differ significantly between materials.
Intensive applications of three remineralizing agents in preschool children reduced S. mutans counts and plaque; CPP-ACPF (which contains calcium phosphate) produced the largest reduction at 3 months.
Intensive applications of three remineralizing agents in preschool children reduced S. mutans counts and plaque; CPP-ACPF (which contains calcium phosphate) produced the largest reduction at 3 months.
Randomized trial in children comparing a zinc hydroxyapatite toothpaste vs a calcium sodium phosphosilicate toothpaste; both reduced dental sensitivity and improved periodontal indices over 6 months.
Postmenopausal women receiving Caltrate D (a calcium/vitamin D product) plus exercise had greater lumbar and femoral neck BMD, higher serum calcium and quality-of-life scores, and lower serum phosphorus, ALP and PMOP recurrence versus Caltrate D alone.
Nutrition education and dietary intervention increased dietary calcium intake and improved lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD versus control over 6 months.
Postmenopausal women receiving Caltrate D (a calcium/vitamin D product) plus exercise had greater lumbar and femoral neck BMD, higher serum calcium and quality-of-life scores, and lower serum phosphorus, ALP and PMOP recurrence versus Caltrate D alone.
In Chinese postmenopausal women, daily fortified milk (1200 mg calcium + vitamin D + FOS-inulin) for 52 weeks increased 25(OH)D, suppressed bone turnover markers and preserved femoral neck BMD compared with regular milk.
Randomized multicenter trial comparing ALN+eldecalcitol versus ALN+vitamin D+calcium found both increased BMD; ALN+eldecalcitol produced significantly greater femoral neck BMD gain and larger reductions in bone turnover markers.
Randomized trial in people ≥80 years with osteopenia comparing calcium+alfacalcidol ± alendronate over 18 months; assessed BMD, fractures, falls and biomarkers.
In kidney transplant recipients all given calcium and vitamin D, addition of pamidronate did not change bone mineral density over 6 months compared with control; calcium + vitamin D may have mitigated early bone loss.
Cross-sectional analysis found no significant association between CT-detected intraarticular calcium crystal deposits and knee pain or MRI-detected joint inflammation in people with overweight and knee OA.
Cross-sectional analysis found no significant association between CT-detected intraarticular calcium crystal deposits and knee pain or MRI-detected joint inflammation in people with overweight and knee OA.
An mHealth app versus face-to-face counseling was tested in pregnant women to improve intake of folic acid, iron, calcium, and vitamin D; more women improved supplement use with the app, notably vitamin D, but the control group had greater calcium adequacy and biochemical calcium did not improve.
An mHealth app versus face-to-face counseling was tested in pregnant women to improve intake of folic acid, iron, calcium, and vitamin D; more women improved supplement use with the app, notably vitamin D, but the control group had greater calcium adequacy and biochemical calcium did not improve.
An mHealth app versus face-to-face counseling was tested in pregnant women to improve intake of folic acid, iron, calcium, and vitamin D; more women improved supplement use with the app, notably vitamin D, but the control group had greater calcium adequacy and biochemical calcium did not improve.
Double-blind randomized trial in women with uterine atony compared calcium gluconate alone versus calcium gluconate plus ergometrine maleate; the combination reduced postpartum blood loss, shortened labor stages and hemostasis time, and improved hemoglobin, RBC count and several coagulation and inflammatory markers.
Double-blind randomized trial in women with uterine atony compared calcium gluconate alone versus calcium gluconate plus ergometrine maleate; the combination reduced postpartum blood loss, shortened labor stages and hemostasis time, and improved hemoglobin, RBC count and several coagulation and inflammatory markers.
Double-blind randomized trial in women with uterine atony compared calcium gluconate alone versus calcium gluconate plus ergometrine maleate; the combination reduced postpartum blood loss, shortened labor stages and hemostasis time, and improved hemoglobin, RBC count and several coagulation and inflammatory markers.
Randomized single-blind clinical trial in patients needing endodontic retreatment compared tricalcium silicate-based dressing versus calcium hydroxide dressing; both reduced inflammatory mediators and markers of bone resorption, with calcium hydroxide showing greater percentage reductions in several mediators.
Randomized clinical study testing calcium hydroxide (with or without ibuprofen or ciprofloxacin) on RANKL and OPG levels in periapical lesions.
Randomized single-blind clinical trial in patients needing endodontic retreatment compared tricalcium silicate-based dressing versus calcium hydroxide dressing; both reduced inflammatory mediators and markers of bone resorption, with calcium hydroxide showing greater percentage reductions in several mediators.
Randomized single-blind clinical trial in patients needing endodontic retreatment compared tricalcium silicate-based dressing versus calcium hydroxide dressing; both reduced inflammatory mediators and markers of bone resorption, with calcium hydroxide showing greater percentage reductions in several mediators.
Sarcopenic older adults received combined exercise plus nutritional support (included BCAA and daily Caltrate: 600 mg calcium + 800 IU vitamin D3); after 12 weeks inflammatory cytokines decreased and muscle strength/mass improved.
A multicentre RCT found that implantation of an aragonite (calcium carbonate) scaffold produced superior clinical (KOOS) and MRI defect-fill outcomes and lower failure rates versus debridement/microfracture at 48 months, with comparable results in females and males.
A multicentre RCT found that implantation of an aragonite (calcium carbonate) scaffold produced superior clinical (KOOS) and MRI defect-fill outcomes and lower failure rates versus debridement/microfracture at 48 months, with comparable results in females and males.
A multicentre RCT found that implantation of an aragonite (calcium carbonate) scaffold produced superior clinical (KOOS) and MRI defect-fill outcomes and lower failure rates versus debridement/microfracture at 48 months, with comparable results in females and males.
Randomized clinical trial comparing RMGIC versus TheraCal LC (light‑curable tricalcium silicate) for indirect pulp capping in deep caries; both reduced pain over time and maintained pulp vitality, with RMGIC showing a somewhat higher final vitality rate.
Randomized clinical trial comparing RMGIC versus TheraCal LC (light‑curable tricalcium silicate) for indirect pulp capping in deep caries; both reduced pain over time and maintained pulp vitality, with RMGIC showing a somewhat higher final vitality rate.
Randomized clinical study of full pulpotomy in molars using two calcium‑silicate materials (MTA+ vs Well‑Root PT); overall 1‑year clinical/radiographic success was high and similar between materials, and higher TNF‑α and MMP‑9 levels correlated with poorer outcomes.
Randomized clinical study of full pulpotomy in molars using two calcium‑silicate materials (MTA+ vs Well‑Root PT); overall 1‑year clinical/radiographic success was high and similar between materials, and higher TNF‑α and MMP‑9 levels correlated with poorer outcomes.
Randomized clinical study of full pulpotomy in molars using two calcium‑silicate materials (MTA+ vs Well‑Root PT); overall 1‑year clinical/radiographic success was high and similar between materials, and higher TNF‑α and MMP‑9 levels correlated with poorer outcomes.
Intervention (pilot n=12) and RCT (98 randomized, 98 included) evaluated single‑dose denosumab (60 mg) in infertile men: denosumab caused a transient fall in serum calcium with compensatory PTH rise and associated changes in phosphate and bone turnover markers; most changes normalized over months.
In burned critically ill patients, Plasmalyte produced similar base excess to Ringer lactate but led to higher gluconate accumulation and significantly lower ionized calcium levels.
In an 8-week controlled feeding trial, the DASH diet modestly lowered active vitamin D (calcitriol) but did not change PTH or blood ionized calcium.
Intervention (pilot n=12) and RCT (98 randomized, 98 included) evaluated single‑dose denosumab (60 mg) in infertile men: denosumab caused a transient fall in serum calcium with compensatory PTH rise and associated changes in phosphate and bone turnover markers; most changes normalized over months.
In adolescents, milk powder fortified with calcium (300–900 mg/day) plus vitamin D for 1.5 years did not produce greater bone density gains versus control, but altered PTH and IGF-1.
Per-protocol analysis of randomized patients with ND-CKD on extended‑release calcifediol: adding adjunct active vitamin D reduced iPTH further but raised serum calcium, phosphorus, FGF23 and accelerated eGFR decline over the treatment period.
Per-protocol analysis of randomized patients with ND-CKD on extended‑release calcifediol: adding adjunct active vitamin D reduced iPTH further but raised serum calcium, phosphorus, FGF23 and accelerated eGFR decline over the treatment period.
Atorvastatin 20 mg/day modestly reduced corrected serum calcium at 12 weeks in lithium users compared to placebo.
One week of cinacalcet (30 mg/day) lowered blood calcium and PTH but did not significantly change arterial stiffness or heart function in hemodialysis patients.
Extended-hours haemodialysis lowered serum phosphate, produced a small increase in serum calcium, and did not change PTH over 12 months.
In hemodialysis patients with adynamic bone disease, the calcium-based binder (calcium carbonate) was associated with higher blood calcium, greater progression of coronary artery calcification and lower bone mineral density compared with lanthanum carbonate over 12 months.
Ferric citrate was non-inferior to sevelamer at lowering serum phosphorus in hemodialysis patients; corrected serum calcium and intact-PTH changes were similar, while ferric citrate improved iron indices and had more mild GI adverse events.
In Japanese osteoporosis patients receiving teriparatide (with daily calcium/vitamin D), PINP rose rapidly but corrected serum calcium stayed within normal range and calcium-related AEs were rare.
In hemodialysis patients, dialysate calcium 2.5 vs 3.0 mEq/L did not significantly change cardiovascular events or mortality; alfacalcidol produced a short-term rise in serum calcium and a short-term fall in PTH.
Six months of a vitamin D + calcium + leucine‑enriched whey protein drink (up to 2 servings/day) did not impair kidney function or cause vitamin D/calcium toxicity in sarcopenic older adults.
Per-protocol analysis of randomized patients with ND-CKD on extended‑release calcifediol: adding adjunct active vitamin D reduced iPTH further but raised serum calcium, phosphorus, FGF23 and accelerated eGFR decline over the treatment period.
Near-infrared ICG angiography during total thyroidectomy improved parathyroid detection and was associated with lower early postoperative hypocalcemia rates compared with standard surgery.
Randomized trial with >10-year follow-up (analyzed n=151) comparing total thyroidectomy alone vs with prophylactic central compartment lymph node dissection: no differences in oncologic outcomes or rates of permanent hypocalcemia or serum calcium at long-term follow-up.
Randomized trial with >10-year follow-up (analyzed n=151) comparing total thyroidectomy alone vs with prophylactic central compartment lymph node dissection: no differences in oncologic outcomes or rates of permanent hypocalcemia or serum calcium at long-term follow-up.
Parathyroidectomy lowered total cholesterol and, in patients with higher baseline ionized calcium, reduced arterial stiffness (PWV); ambulatory diastolic BP increased.
In overweight middle-aged adults, 6 weeks of melted cheese increased total cholesterol and triglycerides compared to unmelted cheese.
Eating whole cheese lowered total and LDL cholesterol compared to a deconstructed cheese product; men and women responded differently.
In overweight pregnant women, higher calcium intake was associated with higher total cholesterol; legumes intake associated with lower total cholesterol and LDL.
Daily calcium-rich supplement (with or without scFOS) lowered LDL and total cholesterol versus placebo after 24 months in postmenopausal women.
In this randomized double-blind crossover RCT, calcium-caseinate (calcium-containing protein) did not reduce ambulatory blood pressure but did modestly improve endothelial function and lowered total cholesterol compared with control.
Atorvastatin 20 mg/day modestly reduced corrected serum calcium at 12 weeks in lithium users compared to placebo.
Adding 50 g/day Kashk (high‑protein, calcium‑enriched probiotic yogurt) to a low‑energy diet for 8 weeks improved lipids and reduced body weight and waist in overweight/obese women.
Randomized dietary trial comparing isolipidic diets with different fat sources (including milk fat with added calcium) on LDL and other cardiovascular markers.
Daily calcium-rich supplement (with or without scFOS) lowered LDL and total cholesterol versus placebo after 24 months in postmenopausal women.
In dialysis patients, epicardial fat increased more with calcium-based phosphate binders than with sevelamer, and sevelamer reduced LDL cholesterol.
Crossover RCT (64 completers) where 1 L/day of mineral water (bicarbonated vs low-mineral) for 8 weeks reduced LDL and fasting glucose; bicarbonated water increased urine pH and decreased urinary calcium/creatinine ratio.
WHI subsample RCT assessed Ca+D (1,000 mg Ca carbonate + 400 IU vit D3) effects on LDL-C and other cardiovascular risk factors over years; Ca+D alone had minimal LDL change.
Eating whole cheese lowered total and LDL cholesterol compared to a deconstructed cheese product; men and women responded differently.
In advanced pre-dialysis CKD patients, sevelamer reduced serum p-cresyl sulfate and LDL-cholesterol versus calcium carbonate over 24 weeks; indoxyl sulfate did not change.
Randomized trial in calcium oxalate stone formers showing bicarbonate-rich mineral water increased urine volume, magnesium, citrate and urine pH versus plain water over 12 weeks, but did not change urinary oxalate or Tiselius index.
Both potassium citrate and hydrochlorothiazide reduced 24-h urinary calcium; potassium citrate increased urinary citrate more and had similar short-term stone recurrence.
Over 24 weeks, higher dairy intake (~1200 mg calcium/day) versus low dairy changed urinary metabolites linked to energy, protein and gut microbial metabolism in overweight women on calorie restriction.
After stroke only serum calcium showed clear circadian rhythm; naturalistic light was associated with lower PTH at discharge.
Calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA-CMC+) injections produced clinically meaningful, long-lasting jawline contour improvements up to 60 weeks and were generally well tolerated.
Fluoridated toothpaste alone or supplemented with CPP-ACPF (a calcium phosphate product) or fluoride varnish promoted enamel remineralization over 12 months.
Fluoridated toothpaste alone or supplemented with CPP-ACPF (a calcium phosphate product) or fluoride varnish promoted enamel remineralization over 12 months.
In postmenopausal women (all given calcium 1000 mg and vitamin D3 800 IU), strontium ranelate plus alfacalcidol improved BMD, functional tests, and bone markers more than strontium alone or calcium/vitamin D alone.
In a double-blind RCT of 208 older adults, daily whey protein for 18 months increased lean mass but did not change lumbar spine bone mineral density.
Nutrition education and dietary intervention increased dietary calcium intake and improved lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD versus control over 6 months.
In people with HIV, ART type and vitamin D status associate with bone mineral density; higher serum calcium was associated with lower lumbar spine BMD.
Motivational interviewing increased dairy intake; in female adolescents who consumed ≥4 dairy servings/day for 12 months, total hip BMD increased more than controls, whereas males showed no DXA bone benefits.
Randomized multicenter trial comparing ALN+eldecalcitol versus ALN+vitamin D+calcium found both increased BMD; ALN+eldecalcitol produced significantly greater femoral neck BMD gain and larger reductions in bone turnover markers.
In kidney transplant recipients all given calcium and vitamin D, addition of pamidronate did not change bone mineral density over 6 months compared with control; calcium + vitamin D may have mitigated early bone loss.
Two-year RCT of dried beancurd (contains isoflavones, calcium, protein) vs rice cake showing improved lumbar spine BMD in postmenopausal women.
Daily vitamin D3 plus calcium reduced the amount of bone loss over 48 weeks after starting antiretroviral therapy compared with placebo.
Pilot randomized clinical study comparing intracanal calcium hydroxide paste alone vs with adjunctive Nd:YAG photobiomodulation; PBMT increased perfusion and showed greater lesion shrinkage and hard-tissue development.
Pilot randomized clinical study comparing intracanal calcium hydroxide paste alone vs with adjunctive Nd:YAG photobiomodulation; PBMT increased perfusion and showed greater lesion shrinkage and hard-tissue development.
Pilot randomized clinical study comparing intracanal calcium hydroxide paste alone vs with adjunctive Nd:YAG photobiomodulation; PBMT increased perfusion and showed greater lesion shrinkage and hard-tissue development.
12-week RCT of diets with varying animal/plant protein proportions; dietary calcium intake correlated positively with diet climate impact and with markers of bone turnover.
12-week RCT of diets with varying animal/plant protein proportions; dietary calcium intake correlated positively with diet climate impact and with markers of bone turnover.
Large factorial RCT testing cocoa extract and a multivitamin (which included 220 mg calcium/day); cocoa extract had no effect on fractures, while daily MVM showed a small borderline increase in fracture risk.
Large factorial RCT testing cocoa extract and a multivitamin (which included 220 mg calcium/day); cocoa extract had no effect on fractures, while daily MVM showed a small borderline increase in fracture risk.
Large factorial RCT testing cocoa extract and a multivitamin (which included 220 mg calcium/day); cocoa extract had no effect on fractures, while daily MVM showed a small borderline increase in fracture risk.
Five-year follow-up of RCT comparing calcium silicate-based sealer (calcium-containing) obturation to conventional technique: both had similar long-term clinical and radiographic success.
Adding zoledronic acid to calcium + calcitriol in elderly patients improved bone density, altered bone markers, and increased clinical efficacy with fewer adverse reactions.
Adding zoledronic acid to calcium + calcitriol in elderly patients improved bone density, altered bone markers, and increased clinical efficacy with fewer adverse reactions.
Denosumab reduced bone erosion and increased BMD; patients received calcium ≥600 mg/day and vitamin D and some denosumab regimens showed mild decreases in albumin‑adjusted serum calcium within normal range.
In hemodialysis patients with osteoporosis, initial elemental calcium plus calcitriol mitigated early denosumab-induced drops in serum calcium, and both denosumab and alendronate increased lumbar spine BMD at 12 months.
6-month pilot RCT in osteopenic breast cancer survivors found no added bone or performance benefit from adding home exercise to calcium + vitamin D supplements.
Adding collagen peptides to calcium + vitamin D for 12 months increased trabecular bone mass and vBMD at the tibia, prevented spine aBMD decline, and reduced bone turnover versus calcium + vitamin D alone.
Overweight elderly participants all received 1000 mg elemental calcium/day plus either low or high vitamin D for 1 year; serum 25OHD rose more with high-dose vitamin D but there was little additional benefit on BMD or bone markers overall.
In women with anorexia nervosa, a 4-week protein‑fortified dairy product slightly raised IGF‑I and produced a small increase in serum calcium; no change in bone turnover markers.
Adding zoledronic acid to calcium + calcitriol in elderly patients improved bone density, altered bone markers, and increased clinical efficacy with fewer adverse reactions.
Different dialysis modalities combined with low-calcium dialysate improved mineral metabolism markers, reduced inflammation, and lowered vascular calcification rates, with HD+HP showing the largest effects.
Different dialysis modalities combined with low-calcium dialysate improved mineral metabolism markers, reduced inflammation, and lowered vascular calcification rates, with HD+HP showing the largest effects.
Different dialysis modalities combined with low-calcium dialysate improved mineral metabolism markers, reduced inflammation, and lowered vascular calcification rates, with HD+HP showing the largest effects.
Over 5 years, parathyroidectomy for mild PHPT normalized calcium/PTH and increased bone mineral density compared with observation.
In hospitalized diabetic foot patients, lower blood calcium and albumin and higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were associated with worse 6-month outcomes (minor/major amputation or death).
Chitosan nasal gel modestly improved olfactory discrimination/identification and significantly reduced calcium levels in nasal mucus compared with saline, though total TDI improvement did not reach clinical significance.
Chitosan nasal gel modestly improved olfactory discrimination/identification and significantly reduced calcium levels in nasal mucus compared with saline, though total TDI improvement did not reach clinical significance.
Chitosan nasal gel modestly improved olfactory discrimination/identification and significantly reduced calcium levels in nasal mucus compared with saline, though total TDI improvement did not reach clinical significance.
Randomized controlled trial testing intranasal 1% sodium phytate vs saline in post-COVID olfactory dysfunction; sodium phytate reduced nasal mucus calcium and produced significant olfactory improvement compared with saline.
In immature permanent teeth with complicated crown fractures, iRoot BP Plus had similar clinical success to calcium hydroxide over 3 years; root development was preserved.
Double-blind RCT comparing Biodentine® versus calcium hydroxide for indirect pulp capping; both promoted dentin bridge formation, with Biodentine showing greater dentin increase at 9 months.
Double-blind RCT comparing Biodentine® versus calcium hydroxide for indirect pulp capping; both promoted dentin bridge formation, with Biodentine showing greater dentin increase at 9 months.
24‑week double-blind RCT of calcium maltobionate tablets vs placebo in Japanese women; calcium maltobionate mitigated declines and in some sites increased bone density and reduced a bone resorption marker, especially in post‑menopausal women.
24‑week double-blind RCT of calcium maltobionate tablets vs placebo in Japanese women; calcium maltobionate mitigated declines and in some sites increased bone density and reduced a bone resorption marker, especially in post‑menopausal women.
24‑week double-blind RCT of calcium maltobionate tablets vs placebo in Japanese women; calcium maltobionate mitigated declines and in some sites increased bone density and reduced a bone resorption marker, especially in post‑menopausal women.
Adding a biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft to enamel matrix derivative did not improve periodontal healing versus enamel matrix alone over 3 years.
Single-center randomized trial (68 per arm) comparing percutaneous ethanol ablation (PEA) to parathyroidectomy (PTx) for solitary parathyroid adenoma; both treatments substantially reduced PTH, serum-adjusted calcium and adenoma size with similar efficacy at 6 months.
Single-center randomized trial (68 per arm) comparing percutaneous ethanol ablation (PEA) to parathyroidectomy (PTx) for solitary parathyroid adenoma; both treatments substantially reduced PTH, serum-adjusted calcium and adenoma size with similar efficacy at 6 months.
Two randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trials testing intraprocedural injections of 5% CaCl2 vs saline into atrial ganglionated plexi to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF); results varied by surgery type—worse POAF with CaCl2 in mitral valve surgery and no benefit in aortic valve surgery.
Two randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trials testing intraprocedural injections of 5% CaCl2 vs saline into atrial ganglionated plexi to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF); results varied by surgery type—worse POAF with CaCl2 in mitral valve surgery and no benefit in aortic valve surgery.
Two randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trials testing intraprocedural injections of 5% CaCl2 vs saline into atrial ganglionated plexi to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF); results varied by surgery type—worse POAF with CaCl2 in mitral valve surgery and no benefit in aortic valve surgery.
An imaging method helped surgeons identify and preserve parathyroid glands, resulting in higher postoperative PTH and calcium and fewer cases of low parathyroid function.
An imaging method helped surgeons identify and preserve parathyroid glands, resulting in higher postoperative PTH and calcium and fewer cases of low parathyroid function.
An imaging method helped surgeons identify and preserve parathyroid glands, resulting in higher postoperative PTH and calcium and fewer cases of low parathyroid function.
Taking 1000 mg calcium 60 min before prolonged load carriage kept blood calcium higher, lowered PTH, and reduced markers of bone breakdown versus no supplement.
In a randomized crossover study of healthy women, strenuous load-carriage exercise lowered ionized calcium, raised PTH, increased fractional calcium absorption, and produced a more positive calcium balance.
Taking 1000 mg calcium 60 min before prolonged load carriage kept blood calcium higher, lowered PTH, and reduced markers of bone breakdown versus no supplement.
Pregnant women in an individualized high-dairy-protein diet plus walking program had higher dietary calcium and protein intakes which was associated with reduced bone resorption and preserved bone formation during pregnancy and postpartum.
Five days of low energy availability increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation in women but not in men.
In children needing indirect pulp therapy, calcium hydroxide performed similarly to other agents for clinical and radiographic success at 12 months, with moderate dentin bridge formation.
Higher coronary artery calcium scores identified individuals without diabetes who had substantially higher risks of cardiovascular events, heart failure, CKD, and death, suggesting CAC can target semaglutide allocation.
Higher coronary artery calcium scores identified individuals without diabetes who had substantially higher risks of cardiovascular events, heart failure, CKD, and death, suggesting CAC can target semaglutide allocation.
Higher coronary artery calcium scores identified individuals without diabetes who had substantially higher risks of cardiovascular events, heart failure, CKD, and death, suggesting CAC can target semaglutide allocation.
Large prospective cohort showing calcium channel blocker (CCB) use was associated with higher long-term all-cause and CVD mortality; associations were attenuated in patients receiving B-vitamin treatment.
Higher coronary artery calcium scores identified individuals without diabetes who had substantially higher risks of cardiovascular events, heart failure, CKD, and death, suggesting CAC can target semaglutide allocation.
Long-term follow-up of postmenopausal women randomized to calcium plus vitamin D showed reduced cancer mortality but a small increase in cardiovascular mortality, with no effect on all-cause mortality.
Intradialytic exercise for 6 months improved 12-month survival and led to increases in serum calcium, physical function, and nutritional markers.
Post-hoc analysis of a large hemodialysis RCT: low-dose oral alfacalcidol did not significantly change cardiovascular events or mortality and ALP did not modify effects.
78 patients were randomized and 58 completed 12 months; Algisyl (injectable calcium alginate hydrogel) plus standard therapy improved exercise capacity and symptoms at 12 months but was associated with higher mortality in the treated group.
78 adults with IBS-D followed a low-FODMAP or mNICE diet for 4 weeks; fewer people in the mNICE group met the calcium dietary reference intake after the diet.
In celiac patients on a gluten-free diet, adding a 3-week low-FODMAP restriction did not worsen micronutrient adequacy; calcium intake remained below RDA in both groups.
Baseline cross-sectional analysis of 6646 adults with metabolic syndrome found many had suboptimal nutrient intakes, including calcium.
Oral nutritional supplements plus dietary counseling increased energy and micronutrient intakes (including calcium), and improved appetite versus counseling alone in picky-eating children over 90 days.
A prenatal meal-replacement program increased micronutrient intake and reduced inadequate intakes in pregnant women with overweight/obesity.
Dietary recalls in 12-month-old infants showed generally low nutrient intakes and inadequacy for multiple micronutrients including calcium, with protein intake slightly higher in the intervention arm.
Dietary recalls in 12-month-old infants showed generally low nutrient intakes and inadequacy for multiple micronutrients including calcium, with protein intake slightly higher in the intervention arm.
In a CT-imaged cohort, people with diabetes had more calcified coronary plaque and higher heart attack risk over ~9 years.
In a CT-imaged cohort, people with diabetes had more calcified coronary plaque and higher heart attack risk over ~9 years.
In a CT-imaged cohort, people with diabetes had more calcified coronary plaque and higher heart attack risk over ~9 years.
In older men doing home-based resistance exercise, obesity/metabolic risk reduced anabolic response; a higher-quality multi-ingredient supplement (which included calcium) produced better lean-mass, strength and bone marker outcomes than a lower-quality supplement.
In older men doing home-based resistance exercise, obesity/metabolic risk reduced anabolic response; a higher-quality multi-ingredient supplement (which included calcium) produced better lean-mass, strength and bone marker outcomes than a lower-quality supplement.
In facial injection biopsies, poly-L-lactic acid stimulated regenerative extracellular-matrix pathways, whereas calcium hydroxylapatite induced stronger pro-inflammatory gene responses.
In facial injection biopsies, poly-L-lactic acid stimulated regenerative extracellular-matrix pathways, whereas calcium hydroxylapatite induced stronger pro-inflammatory gene responses.
Personalized nutritional guidance during pregnancy increased maternal nutrient levels (including calcium) and was associated with better pregnancy and neonatal outcomes versus routine guidance.
Personalized nutritional guidance during pregnancy increased maternal nutrient levels (including calcium) and was associated with better pregnancy and neonatal outcomes versus routine guidance.
Personalized nutritional guidance during pregnancy increased maternal nutrient levels (including calcium) and was associated with better pregnancy and neonatal outcomes versus routine guidance.
In nondiabetic kidney stone formers, empagliflozin significantly improved urine supersaturation measures linked to stone risk: it reduced CaP supersaturation in calcium stone formers and reduced uric-acid supersaturation in UA stone formers.
In nondiabetic kidney stone formers, empagliflozin significantly improved urine supersaturation measures linked to stone risk: it reduced CaP supersaturation in calcium stone formers and reduced uric-acid supersaturation in UA stone formers.
In nondiabetic kidney stone formers, empagliflozin significantly improved urine supersaturation measures linked to stone risk: it reduced CaP supersaturation in calcium stone formers and reduced uric-acid supersaturation in UA stone formers.
In a split-mouth randomized trial in children, WMTA mixed with 2.25% NaOCl gel improved short‑term odontoblastic integrity but showed less complete dentin bridge formation and more early pulp calcification compared with WMTA mixed with distilled water.
In a split-mouth randomized trial in children, WMTA mixed with 2.25% NaOCl gel improved short‑term odontoblastic integrity but showed less complete dentin bridge formation and more early pulp calcification compared with WMTA mixed with distilled water.
Acute calcium supplementation modestly attenuated the diurnal fall in blood pressure and increased some measures of blood coagulability.
Daily low-fat milk fortified with 1000 mg calcium + 800 IU vitamin D3, alone or with exercise, did not improve blood pressure or blood lipids over 18 months in middle-aged and older men.
Sub-study of a randomized trial in women with prior pre-eclampsia and low dietary calcium intake: 500 mg/day calcium vs placebo for up to 12 weeks pre-pregnancy; calcium modestly lowered systolic and mean arterial pressure at 12 weeks.
In vitamin D–insufficient adults with type 2 diabetes, 8 weeks of calcium plus vitamin D reduced BMI, hip circumference, and systolic blood pressure versus placebo.
In a repeated-measures cohort, higher ambient temperature lowered blood pressure mainly via a direct effect; urinary calcium contributed a very small indirect (mediated) increase in BP per 5°C rise.
In a repeated-measures cohort, higher ambient temperature lowered blood pressure mainly via a direct effect; urinary calcium contributed a very small indirect (mediated) increase in BP per 5°C rise.
Sub-study of a randomized trial in women with prior pre-eclampsia and low dietary calcium intake: 500 mg/day calcium vs placebo for up to 12 weeks pre-pregnancy; calcium modestly lowered systolic and mean arterial pressure at 12 weeks.
Daily low-fat milk fortified with 1000 mg calcium + 800 IU vitamin D3, alone or with exercise, did not improve blood pressure or blood lipids over 18 months in middle-aged and older men.
Acute calcium supplementation modestly attenuated the diurnal fall in blood pressure and increased some measures of blood coagulability.
In premenopausal women, urinary isoflavone excretion modified the relationship between serum calcium and blood pressure — isoflavone exposure tended to normalize systolic BP responses to varying calcium levels and reduced diastolic BP modestly.
In 97 CKD patients with hyperkalemia, both calcium and sodium polystyrene resins lowered potassium; calcium resin had fewer side effects.
Selective removal to soft dentin (with or without calcium silicate) had higher 5-year tooth vitality success than selective removal to firm dentin; calcium silicate improved dentin bridge formation in deeper cavities.
In immature permanent teeth with complicated crown fractures, iRoot BP Plus had similar clinical success to calcium hydroxide over 3 years; root development was preserved.
In children with deep caries, pulpotomy using three bioceramic calcium silicate cements showed high clinical and radiographic success over 24 months with no significant differences between materials.
In children with deep caries, pulpotomy using three bioceramic calcium silicate cements showed high clinical and radiographic success over 24 months with no significant differences between materials.
In bariatric surgery patients ~9–10 months post‑op, calcium citrate produced greater calcium bioavailability than calcium carbonate: higher serum AUC and Cmax, greater urinary calcium excretion, and larger PTH suppression.
In bariatric surgery patients ~9–10 months post‑op, calcium citrate produced greater calcium bioavailability than calcium carbonate: higher serum AUC and Cmax, greater urinary calcium excretion, and larger PTH suppression.
In bariatric surgery patients ~9–10 months post‑op, calcium citrate produced greater calcium bioavailability than calcium carbonate: higher serum AUC and Cmax, greater urinary calcium excretion, and larger PTH suppression.
Extended-release niacin slightly lowered serum phosphate over 3 years but did not change calcium or other mineral markers.
In a controlled crossover trial, potassium supplementation lowered FGF23 and fractional calcium excretion and increased plasma phosphate/TmP-GFR; sodium supplementation also lowered FGF23 but increased urinary (and fractional) calcium excretion.
Randomized controlled trial showing that advising and achieving adequate dietary calcium intake (1,000–1,200 mg/day) in hypoparathyroidism patients non-adherent to supplements corrected hypocalcemia in most patients (87.5% reached target Ca) without short-term safety issues.
In 56 completers, a 12-week dairy-based high-protein breakfast increased calcium intake and BMC but did not change body weight or fat mass versus a low-protein breakfast.
In women doing a 4-month exercise program, adding a protein- and micronutrient-fortified milk (contains calcium) did not improve the primary stair-climb power but produced small gains in lean mass and reductions in fat.
In 56 completers, a 12-week dairy-based high-protein breakfast increased calcium intake and BMC but did not change body weight or fat mass versus a low-protein breakfast.
In 56 completers, a 12-week dairy-based high-protein breakfast increased calcium intake and BMC but did not change body weight or fat mass versus a low-protein breakfast.
Early higher enteral mineral intake did not improve growth or bone density at term age; higher calcium intake was associated with lower bone mineral content in regression analysis.
Planned secondary analysis of a calcium/vitamin D trial in 2,303 postmenopausal women found no association of standardized 25(OH)D up to 60 ng/mL with ≥1 fall, but s25D ≥60 ng/mL was linked to higher odds of ≥2 falls.
Planned secondary analysis of a calcium/vitamin D trial in 2,303 postmenopausal women found no association of standardized 25(OH)D up to 60 ng/mL with ≥1 fall, but s25D ≥60 ng/mL was linked to higher odds of ≥2 falls.
In 307 infertile men randomized to high-dose cholecalciferol or placebo, supplementation raised total 25OHD but did not change free 25OHD%; baseline higher free25OHD% associated with better metabolic markers and lower PTH.
In 307 infertile men randomized to high-dose cholecalciferol or placebo, supplementation raised total 25OHD but did not change free 25OHD%; baseline higher free25OHD% associated with better metabolic markers and lower PTH.
In 307 infertile men randomized to high-dose cholecalciferol or placebo, supplementation raised total 25OHD but did not change free 25OHD%; baseline higher free25OHD% associated with better metabolic markers and lower PTH.
Randomized double-blind trial in 217 adults with AF/AFL found IV calcium chloride pretreatment (90 or 180 mg) prevented diltiazem-induced hypotension, raising SBP at 5–15 min without increasing adverse events.
Randomized double-blind trial in 217 adults with AF/AFL found IV calcium chloride pretreatment (90 or 180 mg) prevented diltiazem-induced hypotension, raising SBP at 5–15 min without increasing adverse events.
In 110 children with bronchial asthma, adding vitamin D to inhaled fluticasone improved symptoms, lung function, immune markers and increased serum 25‑OH‑D and blood calcium and phosphorus compared with fluticasone alone.
In 110 children with bronchial asthma, adding vitamin D to inhaled fluticasone improved symptoms, lung function, immune markers and increased serum 25‑OH‑D and blood calcium and phosphorus compared with fluticasone alone.
In 110 children with bronchial asthma, adding vitamin D to inhaled fluticasone improved symptoms, lung function, immune markers and increased serum 25‑OH‑D and blood calcium and phosphorus compared with fluticasone alone.
In 60 postmenopausal women with CKD stage 5, raloxifene increased lumbar spine BMD (~+2%) but did not differ from placebo in reducing intact PTH.
Large randomized trial measuring vitamin D, calcium and iPTH; vitamin D raised 25(OH)D while calcium stayed stable and iPTH decreased.
In dialysis patients, non-calcium phosphate binders reduced serum phosphorus and markedly lowered FGF-23 over 1 year; iPTH fell initially then returned near baseline.
Single IV doses of the calcimimetic SHR6508 in healthy adults produced dose-dependent reductions in intact PTH and serum-corrected calcium with an acceptable safety profile in 22 completers.
Oral paricalcitol reduced intact PTH in children with CKD (stages 3–5) with an acceptable safety profile, though some hypercalcemia occurred in stage 5 patients.
4-week study of patiromer in hyperkalemic patients showing no change in serum calcium but reductions in urine phosphate and decreases in intact PTH and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
Etelcalcetide given thrice-weekly reduced parathyroid hormone and maintained corrected serum calcium in hemodialysis patients.
In 90 adults with type 2 diabetes, 12 weeks of daily yogurt fortified with 1000 IU vitamin D3 ± 500 mg calcium modestly improved vitamin D status and produced a modest decrease in intact PTH in the vitamin D+calcium group, especially in participants with baseline vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency; osteocalcin did not change.
In non-dialysis CKD-MBD patients, Ronghuang granule improved symptoms and markers of calcium/phosphorus metabolism compared with control.
Switching elderly hemodialysis patients to lower dialysate calcium (1.25 mmol/L) lowered serum calcium and Ca×P, raised iPTH, and improved vascular calcification indices over 12 months.
Single IV doses of the calcimimetic SHR6508 in healthy adults produced dose-dependent reductions in intact PTH and serum-corrected calcium with an acceptable safety profile in 22 completers.
24-week RCT in chronic hemodialysis patients: lanthanum reduced FGF23 and showed a trend to lower hepcidin, whereas calcium carbonate did not produce those reductions.
Single IV doses of the calcimimetic SHR6508 in healthy adults produced dose-dependent reductions in intact PTH and serum-corrected calcium with an acceptable safety profile in 22 completers.
Healthy men given 200 g/day fructose for two weeks had higher serum uric acid, a small drop in ionized calcium with higher PTH, lower urine pH, higher urinary oxalate and lower urine magnesium—changes that raise kidney-stone risk.
Randomized clinical trial with 4‑year follow-up found similar medium/long‑term success for single‑cone obturation with a calcium silicate‑based sealer versus warm vertical compaction with a ZOE sealer.
Randomized clinical trial with 4‑year follow-up found similar medium/long‑term success for single‑cone obturation with a calcium silicate‑based sealer versus warm vertical compaction with a ZOE sealer.
Randomized clinical trial with 4‑year follow-up found similar medium/long‑term success for single‑cone obturation with a calcium silicate‑based sealer versus warm vertical compaction with a ZOE sealer.
Randomized trial in mothers of preterm infants found reflexology produced a non‑significant trend toward increased breast milk volume and small nonsignificant increases in total protein and calcium; calcium changes were not statistically significant between groups.
Randomized trial in mothers of preterm infants found reflexology produced a non‑significant trend toward increased breast milk volume and small nonsignificant increases in total protein and calcium; calcium changes were not statistically significant between groups.
In this pilot RCT, synbiotic supplementation in lactating mothers prevented declines in breast milk minerals including calcium and was associated with slight improvements in infant weight-for-age Z-score.
Randomized trial in mothers of preterm infants found reflexology produced a non‑significant trend toward increased breast milk volume and small nonsignificant increases in total protein and calcium; calcium changes were not statistically significant between groups.
Randomized study comparing sevelamer to calcium carbonate in T2DM with DKD found sevelamer reduced circulating and intracellular AGEs and increased antioxidant markers; calcium carbonate did not lower AGEs overall.
Population-based 10-year longitudinal study in non-diabetic adults assessing supplement intakes (including calcium) and changes in HbA1c; no significant association found for calcium supplementation and HbA1c change.
Daily vitamin D plus 500 mg calcium for 150 days lowered fasting insulin and insulin resistance and raised HDL cholesterol in infertile men.
24-week randomized multicenter trial: telmisartan+rosuvastatin preserved beta-cell function, lowered fasting glucose and reduced new-onset diabetes risk versus amlodipine+rosuvastatin, without significant HOMA-IR difference.
Vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS given combined calcium+D+K for 8 weeks had improved insulin sensitivity markers and lower triglycerides/VLDL versus placebo.
In hyperinsulinemic adults, a 6-week high-dairy diet (increasing dietary calcium) did not change blood pressure or arterial stiffness but was associated with increases in body fat, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.
In Brazilian adolescent mothers, maternal calcium+vitamin D during pregnancy did not affect postpartum hip geometry trajectories over one year.
In Brazilian adolescent mothers, maternal calcium+vitamin D during pregnancy did not affect postpartum hip geometry trajectories over one year.
An education and counseling program increased osteoporosis knowledge, self-efficacy, weekly exercise and daily calcium intake in at-risk women.
Injections for nasolabial folds showed PLLA (not CaHA) upregulated adipocyte-regeneration genes, suggesting a unique adipocyte-mediated regenerative signature absent with calcium hydroxylapatite.
40 patients had tooth-extraction sockets filled with a calcium-phosphate bone substitute (ErhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP) showing faster early bone healing and similar safety to controls.
40 patients had tooth-extraction sockets filled with a calcium-phosphate bone substitute (ErhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP) showing faster early bone healing and similar safety to controls.
40 patients had tooth-extraction sockets filled with a calcium-phosphate bone substitute (ErhBMP-2/BioCaP/β-TCP) showing faster early bone healing and similar safety to controls.
88 patients after vertebroplasty received salmon calcitonin plus baseline calcium carbonate + vitamin D3; study reported reduced pain and improved bone metabolism and function vs calcium+D3 alone.
88 patients after vertebroplasty received salmon calcitonin plus baseline calcium carbonate + vitamin D3; study reported reduced pain and improved bone metabolism and function vs calcium+D3 alone.
88 patients after vertebroplasty received salmon calcitonin plus baseline calcium carbonate + vitamin D3; study reported reduced pain and improved bone metabolism and function vs calcium+D3 alone.
26 participants in a 10-week resistance training study; a multi-ingredient supplement (including calcium citrate) increased type II muscle fiber size more than collagen, with similar satellite cell content.
26 participants in a 10-week resistance training study; a multi-ingredient supplement (including calcium citrate) increased type II muscle fiber size more than collagen, with similar satellite cell content.
26 participants in a 10-week resistance training study; a multi-ingredient supplement (including calcium citrate) increased type II muscle fiber size more than collagen, with similar satellite cell content.
36 enrolled (31 completed) patients received regenerative endodontic treatment with Biodentine or MTA; both materials showed similar healing of lesions and recovery of tooth sensibility at 18 months.
36 enrolled (31 completed) patients received regenerative endodontic treatment with Biodentine or MTA; both materials showed similar healing of lesions and recovery of tooth sensibility at 18 months.
36 enrolled (31 completed) patients received regenerative endodontic treatment with Biodentine or MTA; both materials showed similar healing of lesions and recovery of tooth sensibility at 18 months.
180 thyroid cancer patients randomized to mitoxantrone tracer, nanocarbon tracer, or no tracer; mitoxantrone tracer improved surgical field clarity and reduced collateral parathyroid/recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, with higher early postoperative serum calcium and PTH.
180 thyroid cancer patients randomized to mitoxantrone tracer, nanocarbon tracer, or no tracer; mitoxantrone tracer improved surgical field clarity and reduced collateral parathyroid/recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, with higher early postoperative serum calcium and PTH.
Teeth from 24 volunteer patients were obturated with hydraulic calcium-silicate sealers under different canal dryness/technique protocols; partial drying before single-cone obturation produced more intracanal voids and interfacial gaps.
Teeth from 24 volunteer patients were obturated with hydraulic calcium-silicate sealers under different canal dryness/technique protocols; partial drying before single-cone obturation produced more intracanal voids and interfacial gaps.
Teeth from 24 volunteer patients were obturated with hydraulic calcium-silicate sealers under different canal dryness/technique protocols; partial drying before single-cone obturation produced more intracanal voids and interfacial gaps.
Randomized trial in patients with bone defects: porous hydroxyapatite/collagen implant produced superior radiographic bone regeneration versus porous β-TCP by 18–24 weeks, with more (non-serious) adverse events.
Randomized trial in single-rooted premolars found no difference in postoperative pain between epoxy-resin and calcium silicate sealers or with/without sonic activation; low overall pain.
Randomized trial in single-rooted premolars found no difference in postoperative pain between epoxy-resin and calcium silicate sealers or with/without sonic activation; low overall pain.
Randomized trial (66 per arm) showed near-infrared autofluorescence did not reduce operating time, change number of glands identified/resected, or alter cure/complication rates versus standard surgery.
Randomized trial (66 per arm) showed near-infrared autofluorescence did not reduce operating time, change number of glands identified/resected, or alter cure/complication rates versus standard surgery.
Randomized trial (66 per arm) showed near-infrared autofluorescence did not reduce operating time, change number of glands identified/resected, or alter cure/complication rates versus standard surgery.
Single-center randomized trial found mFOLFOX6 with cetuximab yielded similar R0 resection, pCR, and downstaging rates as mFOLFOX6 with radiotherapy; adverse events comparable.
Single-center randomized trial found mFOLFOX6 with cetuximab yielded similar R0 resection, pCR, and downstaging rates as mFOLFOX6 with radiotherapy; adverse events comparable.
Single-center randomized trial found mFOLFOX6 with cetuximab yielded similar R0 resection, pCR, and downstaging rates as mFOLFOX6 with radiotherapy; adverse events comparable.
Randomized double-blind trial found higher pulp survival after total caries removal (TCR) versus selective removal (SCR) at 6 and 12 months; SCR associated with higher failure odds.
Randomized double-blind trial found higher pulp survival after total caries removal (TCR) versus selective removal (SCR) at 6 and 12 months; SCR associated with higher failure odds.
Randomized double-blind trial found higher pulp survival after total caries removal (TCR) versus selective removal (SCR) at 6 and 12 months; SCR associated with higher failure odds.
Randomized study (NBO + EVT vs EVT alone) showed NBO reduced serum BBB and brain-injury biomarkers and lowered intracranial contrast extravasation; 7-day occludin predicted 90-day poor outcome.
Randomized study (NBO + EVT vs EVT alone) showed NBO reduced serum BBB and brain-injury biomarkers and lowered intracranial contrast extravasation; 7-day occludin predicted 90-day poor outcome.
Randomized study (NBO + EVT vs EVT alone) showed NBO reduced serum BBB and brain-injury biomarkers and lowered intracranial contrast extravasation; 7-day occludin predicted 90-day poor outcome.
Compared calcium ascorbate (CA) vs ascorbic acid (AA) in crossover trials: 250 mg showed no differences; 500 mg CA altered vitamin C kinetics and increased neutrophil phagocytosis and certain NK cells.
Compared calcium ascorbate (CA) vs ascorbic acid (AA) in crossover trials: 250 mg showed no differences; 500 mg CA altered vitamin C kinetics and increased neutrophil phagocytosis and certain NK cells.
Compared calcium ascorbate (CA) vs ascorbic acid (AA) in crossover trials: 250 mg showed no differences; 500 mg CA altered vitamin C kinetics and increased neutrophil phagocytosis and certain NK cells.
In 97 CKD patients with hyperkalemia, both calcium and sodium polystyrene resins lowered potassium; calcium resin had fewer side effects.
In 58 hemodialysis patients with hyperkalemia, 3 weeks of calcium‑polystyrene sulfonate reduced serum potassium and phosphorus without causing volume overload or electrolyte imbalance.
In children with reversible pulpitis, three bioactive cements performed similarly; the novel portland cement (fluoride-releasing) showed 100% success at 1 year.
In children with reversible pulpitis, three bioactive cements performed similarly; the novel portland cement (fluoride-releasing) showed 100% success at 1 year.
TransCon PTH restored physiological PTH effects: maintained normal serum calcium while enabling most participants to stop active vitamin D and therapeutic calcium by week 52.
TransCon PTH restored physiological PTH effects: maintained normal serum calcium while enabling most participants to stop active vitamin D and therapeutic calcium by week 52.
TransCon PTH restored physiological PTH effects: maintained normal serum calcium while enabling most participants to stop active vitamin D and therapeutic calcium by week 52.
Six months of a vitamin D + calcium + leucine‑enriched whey protein drink (up to 2 servings/day) did not impair kidney function or cause vitamin D/calcium toxicity in sarcopenic older adults.
Denosumab reduced bone erosion and increased BMD; patients received calcium ≥600 mg/day and vitamin D and some denosumab regimens showed mild decreases in albumin‑adjusted serum calcium within normal range.
Overweight elderly participants all received 1000 mg elemental calcium/day plus either low or high vitamin D for 1 year; serum 25OHD rose more with high-dose vitamin D but there was little additional benefit on BMD or bone markers overall.
Randomized double‑blind trial in 160 perimenopausal women comparing placebo, soy isoflavone, calcium, and soy+calcium; soy, calcium, and the combination attenuated BMD loss, with the combination producing greater improvements than either alone.
In edentulous women given dentures, a daily multi-nutrient supplement (containing 150 mg calcium per serving) led to modest within-group improvements and a significant between-group increase in bone mineral density, but most between-group nutritional outcomes were not different.
Early higher enteral mineral intake did not improve growth or bone density at term age; higher calcium intake was associated with lower bone mineral content in regression analysis.
After PKP surgery, patients given calcium plus calcitriol showed improved short-term pain and function and increased BMD versus preoperative; adding calcitonin and exercise improved longer-term outcomes.
In osteoporosis patients given denosumab plus vitamin D and calcium supplements, supplementation raised 25(OH)D to sufficiency and denosumab increased BMD and reduced vertebral fracture risk versus placebo irrespective of baseline vitamin D status.
Compared three intracanal medicaments (including calcium hydroxide) in infected root canals; glycyrrhizin and Ledermix reduced bacteria more than calcium hydroxide.
Compared three intracanal medicaments (including calcium hydroxide) in infected root canals; glycyrrhizin and Ledermix reduced bacteria more than calcium hydroxide.
Characterized pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of intravenous calcium formulations in parturients, defining dose ratio and early serum ionized calcium time-course.
Characterized pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of intravenous calcium formulations in parturients, defining dose ratio and early serum ionized calcium time-course.
In healthy trained men, short-course risedronate reduced post-exercise increases in blood calcium and markers of bone resorption but did not reduce exercise-related nausea/vomiting.
In healthy trained men, short-course risedronate reduced post-exercise increases in blood calcium and markers of bone resorption but did not reduce exercise-related nausea/vomiting.
In healthy trained men, short-course risedronate reduced post-exercise increases in blood calcium and markers of bone resorption but did not reduce exercise-related nausea/vomiting.
Titrating calcium carbonate in hemodialysis patients achieved and maintained lower serum phosphate over 26 weeks without increased adverse events.
In hypoparathyroid patients, rhPTH(1-84) reduced serum phosphate and calcium–phosphate product and allowed large reductions in active vitamin D dosing while maintaining serum calcium.
In CKD patients, paricalcitol (VDR activator) produced a small rise in serum calcium and phosphate but did not change insulin resistance indices over 12 weeks.
In CKD patients, paricalcitol improved endothelial function but raised phosphate and slightly increased calcium.
7-day randomized crossover trial in hemodialysis patients: therapeutic diet rapidly improved mineral markers (lower phosphate/PTH/FGF23) and increased serum calcium.
In vitamin D–sufficient Indian children with low dietary calcium, vitamin D–calcium supplementation paradoxically raised PTH without changing other bone biochemistry.
Analysis of TPTD-treated patients (with all participants receiving daily calcium 610 mg + vitamin D 400 IU) showing that phosphate handling is linked to lumbar BMD response to teriparatide.
Extended-hours haemodialysis lowered serum phosphate, produced a small increase in serum calcium, and did not change PTH over 12 months.
Single doses of 1000 mg calcium from milk or calcium carbonate acutely suppressed bone resorption (CTX-1) and lowered PTH in postmenopausal women, regardless of visceral fat.
40 patients with peri-implant mucositis received debridement ± a spermidine + calcium chloride gel; clinical parameters improved in both groups and the test group had higher disease resolution (non-significant), with fewer bleeding sites.
40 patients with peri-implant mucositis received debridement ± a spermidine + calcium chloride gel; clinical parameters improved in both groups and the test group had higher disease resolution (non-significant), with fewer bleeding sites.
40 patients with peri-implant mucositis received debridement ± a spermidine + calcium chloride gel; clinical parameters improved in both groups and the test group had higher disease resolution (non-significant), with fewer bleeding sites.
192 IVF patients randomized to cabergoline ± IV calcium gluconate; the calcium group had fewer OHSS events but differences were not statistically significant.
192 IVF patients randomized to cabergoline ± IV calcium gluconate; the calcium group had fewer OHSS events but differences were not statistically significant.
In overweight middle-aged adults, 6 weeks of melted cheese increased total cholesterol and triglycerides compared to unmelted cheese.
A 20-week randomized double-blind trial in older men: twice-daily multi-ingredient supplement (whey protein, creatine, 400 mg calcium, vitamin D, n-3 PUFA) increased lean mass and strength and improved some metabolic markers compared with control.
Six weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in gestational diabetes improved fasting glucose, insulin-related markers and some lipid markers versus placebo.
Secondary analysis of a multi‑center SCI trial found multiple race-associated differences in serological markers across the first year, including consistently higher serum calcium in Black versus White participants.
Vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS given combined calcium+D+K for 8 weeks had improved insulin sensitivity markers and lower triglycerides/VLDL versus placebo.
Adding 50 g/day Kashk (high‑protein, calcium‑enriched probiotic yogurt) to a low‑energy diet for 8 weeks improved lipids and reduced body weight and waist in overweight/obese women.
Injectable calcium hydroxylapatite filler improved nasolabial fold appearance similarly to Restylane, with common injection-site swelling and pain.
Injectable calcium hydroxylapatite filler improved nasolabial fold appearance similarly to Restylane, with common injection-site swelling and pain.
Injectable calcium hydroxylapatite filler improved nasolabial fold appearance similarly to Restylane, with common injection-site swelling and pain.
CPP‑ACP (a calcium‑phosphate complex) and fluoride varnish both reduced lesion depth over 6 months; infiltrating resin gave faster area/volume reductions and greater hardness recovery in vitro but cost more.
CPP‑ACP (a calcium‑phosphate complex) and fluoride varnish both reduced lesion depth over 6 months; infiltrating resin gave faster area/volume reductions and greater hardness recovery in vitro but cost more.
CPP‑ACP (a calcium‑phosphate complex) and fluoride varnish both reduced lesion depth over 6 months; infiltrating resin gave faster area/volume reductions and greater hardness recovery in vitro but cost more.
Randomized double-blind trial in older vitamin D–deficient women: large single oral cholecalciferol boluses produced dose-dependent rises in total and free vitamin D metabolites with minimal effects on calcium and physical function.
Randomized double-blind trial in older vitamin D–deficient women: large single oral cholecalciferol boluses produced dose-dependent rises in total and free vitamin D metabolites with minimal effects on calcium and physical function.
Randomized double-blind trial in older vitamin D–deficient women: large single oral cholecalciferol boluses produced dose-dependent rises in total and free vitamin D metabolites with minimal effects on calcium and physical function.
In 36 patients receiving two-visit root canal treatment, calcium hydroxide intracanal paste produced postoperative pain outcomes similar to double antibiotic paste over 48 hours.
One-visit RCT with final 2% CHX rinse produced similar postoperative pain and radiographic healing to two-visit treatment with calcium hydroxide dressing.
Local intra-canal calcium hydroxide reduced post‑root‑canal preparation pain but was less effective than triple‑antibiotic paste.
Compared two calcium-silicate sealers and one epoxy-resin sealer after single-visit root canal treatment; postoperative pain and analgesic use were similar across sealers.
Randomized trial in adults comparing MTA vs calcium hydroxide pulp capping: at 36 months MTA had higher pulp survival than calcium hydroxide.
Randomized education intervention in hemodialysis patients: teaching food processing methods improved serum calcium control and stabilized PTH over 1 year.
Vitamin D supplementation for 3 months reduced body size measures and produced significant changes in calcium-related labs.
Randomized education intervention in hemodialysis patients: teaching food processing methods improved serum calcium control and stabilized PTH over 1 year.
Randomized double-blind trial in women >60: yogurt fortified with vitamin D3 (400 IU) and additional calcium increased 25OHD and decreased PTH and bone resorption markers over 12 weeks.
Randomized education intervention in hemodialysis patients: teaching food processing methods improved serum calcium control and stabilized PTH over 1 year.
Randomized in vivo comparison in adolescents: probiotics, triple antibiotic paste, and calcium hydroxide all reduced intracanal bacteria; probiotics performed better than calcium hydroxide and similar to TAP.
Randomized in vivo comparison in adolescents: probiotics, triple antibiotic paste, and calcium hydroxide all reduced intracanal bacteria; probiotics performed better than calcium hydroxide and similar to TAP.
Randomized controlled trial in children comparing MTA and Biodentine (calcium-silicate cements) for pulpotomy in primary molars; MMP-2 and -9 were higher in irreversible pulpitis and both materials showed similar clinical success at 18 months.
Randomized controlled trial in children comparing MTA and Biodentine (calcium-silicate cements) for pulpotomy in primary molars; MMP-2 and -9 were higher in irreversible pulpitis and both materials showed similar clinical success at 18 months.
Randomized controlled trial in children comparing MTA and Biodentine (calcium-silicate cements) for pulpotomy in primary molars; MMP-2 and -9 were higher in irreversible pulpitis and both materials showed similar clinical success at 18 months.
Double-blind RCT found that mixing CaHA with HA for supraperiosteal forehead filling produced better 180-day aesthetic improvement and fewer irregularities/nodules than CaHA alone.
Double-blind RCT found that mixing CaHA with HA for supraperiosteal forehead filling produced better 180-day aesthetic improvement and fewer irregularities/nodules than CaHA alone.
Double-blind RCT found that mixing CaHA with HA for supraperiosteal forehead filling produced better 180-day aesthetic improvement and fewer irregularities/nodules than CaHA alone.
35-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 64 healthy college students comparing 400 mg/day calcium supplement vs placebo with identical controlled diet: no significant differences in serum/urine metabolites, calcium-related hormones, or biochemical indicators.
In older hemodialysis patients, 24 weeks of resistance training (traditional or cluster-set) improved bone density and bone-related biomarkers; cluster-set RT showed more responders on several markers including calcium.
In older hemodialysis patients, 24 weeks of resistance training (traditional or cluster-set) improved bone density and bone-related biomarkers; cluster-set RT showed more responders on several markers including calcium.
In older hemodialysis patients, 24 weeks of resistance training (traditional or cluster-set) improved bone density and bone-related biomarkers; cluster-set RT showed more responders on several markers including calcium.
Secondary analysis of couples seeking infertility care found higher preconception 25(OH)D (vitamin D) status associated with higher live birth probability; calcium biomarker did not show similar associations.
Secondary analysis of couples seeking infertility care found higher preconception 25(OH)D (vitamin D) status associated with higher live birth probability; calcium biomarker did not show similar associations.
Secondary analysis of couples seeking infertility care found higher preconception 25(OH)D (vitamin D) status associated with higher live birth probability; calcium biomarker did not show similar associations.
Randomized trial comparing segmented citrate infusion (prefilter + low-rate venous port infusion) versus conventional prefiler-only citrate during CRRT: segmented approach reduced venous-port clotting and significantly extended extracorporeal circuit lifespan while maintaining safe systemic ionized calcium.
Randomized trial comparing segmented citrate infusion (prefilter + low-rate venous port infusion) versus conventional prefiler-only citrate during CRRT: segmented approach reduced venous-port clotting and significantly extended extracorporeal circuit lifespan while maintaining safe systemic ionized calcium.
Randomized trial comparing segmented citrate infusion (prefilter + low-rate venous port infusion) versus conventional prefiler-only citrate during CRRT: segmented approach reduced venous-port clotting and significantly extended extracorporeal circuit lifespan while maintaining safe systemic ionized calcium.
Sub-analysis of an RCT in older Japanese women found that lower baseline serum calcium was associated with greater likelihood of treatment discontinuation in the teriparatide→alendronate group; cognitive impairment (lower MMSE) predicted discontinuation in the alendronate group.
Sub-analysis of an RCT in older Japanese women found that lower baseline serum calcium was associated with greater likelihood of treatment discontinuation in the teriparatide→alendronate group; cognitive impairment (lower MMSE) predicted discontinuation in the alendronate group.
Daily milk for 12 months improved children's forearm (and calcaneus) bone measures compared to control.
Daily milk for 12 months improved children's forearm (and calcaneus) bone measures compared to control.
Daily milk for 12 months improved children's forearm (and calcaneus) bone measures compared to control.
In overweight middle-aged adults, 6 weeks of melted cheese increased total cholesterol and triglycerides compared to unmelted cheese.
Behavioral trial found calcium-supplementation adherence was highest when morning-types used morning plans.
Behavioral trial found calcium-supplementation adherence was highest when morning-types used morning plans.
Eltrombopag formulations were bioequivalent; administering with a high-fat, low-calcium meal reduced systemic exposure by ~40%.
Eltrombopag formulations were bioequivalent; administering with a high-fat, low-calcium meal reduced systemic exposure by ~40%.
Increasing dairy (milk, yoghurt, cheese) to recommended levels in aged-care residents did not worsen serum lipid profiles at 12 months.
Increasing dairy (milk, yoghurt, cheese) to recommended levels in aged-care residents did not worsen serum lipid profiles at 12 months.
Small double-blind RCT in heart failure patients testing high-dose vitamin D3 vs placebo; vitamin D levels rose markedly and some hormonal (PTH), BNP and QOL measures improved.
In vitamin D–deficient community adults, vitamin D with or without calcium showed no clear clinical benefit over placebo at 6 months, though combined vitamin D+calcium reduced PTH and increased urine Ca/Cr in adherent subjects.
Large randomized trial measuring vitamin D, calcium and iPTH; vitamin D raised 25(OH)D while calcium stayed stable and iPTH decreased.
In patients at high bleeding risk, regional anticoagulation using calcium‑free dialysate with calcium reinjection (CFD) resulted in fewer premature dialysis terminations and less filter coagulation than heparin‑coated membranes.
In patients at high bleeding risk, regional anticoagulation using calcium‑free dialysate with calcium reinjection (CFD) resulted in fewer premature dialysis terminations and less filter coagulation than heparin‑coated membranes.
Secondary analysis of a multi‑center SCI trial found multiple race-associated differences in serological markers across the first year, including consistently higher serum calcium in Black versus White participants.
In children needing indirect pulp capping, TheraCal LC (a resin‑modified calcium silicate material) produced more tertiary dentin than MTA and calcium hydroxide (Dycal) over 6 months.
In children needing indirect pulp capping, TheraCal LC (a resin‑modified calcium silicate material) produced more tertiary dentin than MTA and calcium hydroxide (Dycal) over 6 months.
Randomized clinical trial (N=96) comparing endoscopic vs focused single-gland parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism; endoscopic approach achieved faster intraoperative PTH decline, higher early success rate and higher postoperative calcium levels, with better cosmetic satisfaction.
Randomized clinical trial (N=96) comparing endoscopic vs focused single-gland parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism; endoscopic approach achieved faster intraoperative PTH decline, higher early success rate and higher postoperative calcium levels, with better cosmetic satisfaction.
Randomized clinical trial (N=96) comparing endoscopic vs focused single-gland parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism; endoscopic approach achieved faster intraoperative PTH decline, higher early success rate and higher postoperative calcium levels, with better cosmetic satisfaction.
Preoperative calcitriol given for 1 week before thyroidectomy did not change postoperative serum calcium or hypocalcemia incidence versus placebo; one case of Grade 3 hypercalcemia occurred.
A perioperative multimodal nutrition protocol improved postoperative labs and recovery: higher albumin and electrolyte levels, fewer electrolyte disorders, and shorter hospital stay.
Double-blind RCT in 582 high-risk preschool children comparing 5% NaF varnish alone vs NaF with TCP vs NaF with CPP-ACP applied quarterly for 24 months; varnishes containing calcium/phosphate additives showed no superior efficacy to standard NaF varnish.
Double-blind RCT in 582 high-risk preschool children comparing 5% NaF varnish alone vs NaF with TCP vs NaF with CPP-ACP applied quarterly for 24 months; varnishes containing calcium/phosphate additives showed no superior efficacy to standard NaF varnish.
Double-blind RCT in 582 high-risk preschool children comparing 5% NaF varnish alone vs NaF with TCP vs NaF with CPP-ACP applied quarterly for 24 months; varnishes containing calcium/phosphate additives showed no superior efficacy to standard NaF varnish.
Multicenter randomized phase 3 trial (57 patients imaged first-line) comparing first-line F18‑choline PET/CT vs Tc99m‑MIBI SPECT/CT for localization in PHPT: FCH PET/CT guided more successful minimally invasive parathyroidectomies leading to normocalcemia at 1 month.
Multicenter randomized phase 3 trial (57 patients imaged first-line) comparing first-line F18‑choline PET/CT vs Tc99m‑MIBI SPECT/CT for localization in PHPT: FCH PET/CT guided more successful minimally invasive parathyroidectomies leading to normocalcemia at 1 month.
In elderly patients with heart failure and arrhythmia, adding dbcAMP-Ca to metoprolol improved clinical efficacy and multiple objective cardiac function measures compared with metoprolol alone.
In elderly patients with heart failure and arrhythmia, adding dbcAMP-Ca to metoprolol improved clinical efficacy and multiple objective cardiac function measures compared with metoprolol alone.
In elderly patients with heart failure and arrhythmia, adding dbcAMP-Ca to metoprolol improved clinical efficacy and multiple objective cardiac function measures compared with metoprolol alone.
Among adolescents with obesity in a 6-month program, overall BMC and BMD rose but many had low dietary calcium intake and some experienced declines in bone measures.
Among adolescents with obesity in a 6-month program, overall BMC and BMD rose but many had low dietary calcium intake and some experienced declines in bone measures.
Among adolescents with obesity in a 6-month program, overall BMC and BMD rose but many had low dietary calcium intake and some experienced declines in bone measures.
Calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA-CMC+) injections produced clinically meaningful, long-lasting jawline contour improvements up to 60 weeks and were generally well tolerated.
Calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA-CMC+) injections produced clinically meaningful, long-lasting jawline contour improvements up to 60 weeks and were generally well tolerated.
As the comparator arm, adolescents receiving 500 mg calcium plus low‑dose vitamin D showed smaller improvements in depression scores than those receiving high‑dose vitamin D.
As the comparator arm, adolescents receiving 500 mg calcium plus low‑dose vitamin D showed smaller improvements in depression scores than those receiving high‑dose vitamin D.
In retreatment root canal patients, calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine gel, or their mixture produced similar postoperative pain and flare-up rates over one week.
In root canal treatment of necrotic single-rooted teeth, calcium hydroxide paste produced similar post-operative pain and flare-up rates compared with propolis paste.
In retreatment root canal patients, calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine gel, or their mixture produced similar postoperative pain and flare-up rates over one week.
Children whose mothers took 1500 mg/day calcium in pregnancy had lower systolic blood pressure and altered growth patterns in female offspring but not in males.
Children whose mothers took 1500 mg/day calcium in pregnancy had lower systolic blood pressure and altered growth patterns in female offspring but not in males.
Children whose mothers took 1500 mg/day calcium in pregnancy had lower systolic blood pressure and altered growth patterns in female offspring but not in males.
Sockets filled with platelet-rich fibrin activated with calcium chloride (APRF) showed greater radiographic bone density over time than standard PRF.
Sockets filled with platelet-rich fibrin activated with calcium chloride (APRF) showed greater radiographic bone density over time than standard PRF.
In older men with low‑normal/low testosterone and mobility problems, the combination of testosterone, progressive resistance training and supplements (vitamin D, calcium, protein) improved lower‑limb strength, quality of life and HRV versus control.
In older men with low‑normal/low testosterone and mobility problems, the combination of testosterone, progressive resistance training and supplements (vitamin D, calcium, protein) improved lower‑limb strength, quality of life and HRV versus control.
In older men with low‑normal/low testosterone and mobility problems, the combination of testosterone, progressive resistance training and supplements (vitamin D, calcium, protein) improved lower‑limb strength, quality of life and HRV versus control.
An intrapatient randomized trial found a biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (BCPµm) was noninferior and statistically superior to autograft for CT‑assessed posterolateral fusion at 1 year.
An intrapatient randomized trial found a biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (BCPµm) was noninferior and statistically superior to autograft for CT‑assessed posterolateral fusion at 1 year.
An intrapatient randomized trial found a biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (BCPµm) was noninferior and statistically superior to autograft for CT‑assessed posterolateral fusion at 1 year.
In vivo, weekly nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) application after interproximal reduction led to enamel properties (Ca:P ratio, microhardness, surface roughness) closest to untouched enamel, outperforming monthly NaF varnish and controls.
In vivo, weekly nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) application after interproximal reduction led to enamel properties (Ca:P ratio, microhardness, surface roughness) closest to untouched enamel, outperforming monthly NaF varnish and controls.
Prospective randomized trial comparing biphasic calcium phosphate graft vs deproteinized bovine bone for sinus augmentation (56 patients, 60 sinuses); both materials showed similar biocompatibility and osteoconductivity at 6 months.
In root canal retreatment, calcium hydroxide had similar antibacterial effects to nano-forms, but nano-calcium hydroxide (and nano-silver) reduced postoperative pain at 48–72 hours.
Twelve weeks of vitamin D, K and calcium co-supplementation improved left carotid thickness and several metabolic markers in overweight diabetics with CHD.
12-week randomized trial in Chinese adults at risk of malnutrition: daily oral nutrition supplement increased weight, anthropometric measures, and multiple nutrient intakes.
In children (6–9 y) with MIH, single applications of SDF resulted in fewer new caries and higher caries-arrest rates over 12 months than CPP-ACPFV; both prevented enamel breakdown and improved sensitivity.
In children (6–9 y) with MIH, single applications of SDF resulted in fewer new caries and higher caries-arrest rates over 12 months than CPP-ACPFV; both prevented enamel breakdown and improved sensitivity.
In children (6–9 y) with MIH, single applications of SDF resulted in fewer new caries and higher caries-arrest rates over 12 months than CPP-ACPFV; both prevented enamel breakdown and improved sensitivity.
100 male type 2 diabetic patients assigned to aerobic or resistance training for 6 months; both exercise types increased serum calcium and handgrip strength and decreased PTH.
Sarcopenic older adults received combined exercise plus nutritional support (included BCAA and daily Caltrate: 600 mg calcium + 800 IU vitamin D3); after 12 weeks inflammatory cytokines decreased and muscle strength/mass improved.
Daily 1200 IU vitamin D prevented wintertime vitamin D deficiency but did not change hand grip strength or major hormone levels in young male conscripts.
In a randomized crossover study of healthy women, strenuous load-carriage exercise lowered ionized calcium, raised PTH, increased fractional calcium absorption, and produced a more positive calcium balance.
Two long-term dietary patterns affected several serum minerals over 24 months; serum calcium showed no significant change while other minerals (selenium, manganese, magnesium) increased and serum zinc decreased.
Infants fed an amino-acid formula maintained normal blood phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium after 16 weeks, including those on acid-suppressive drugs.
Two long-term dietary patterns affected several serum minerals over 24 months; serum calcium showed no significant change while other minerals (selenium, manganese, magnesium) increased and serum zinc decreased.
Two long-term dietary patterns affected several serum minerals over 24 months; serum calcium showed no significant change while other minerals (selenium, manganese, magnesium) increased and serum zinc decreased.
Randomized single-blind trial comparing two calcium‑silicate dental pulp capping materials (TheraCal LC vs iRoot BP Plus) in pulpitis permanent teeth; both achieved similar 1‑year success but TheraCal LC had shorter procedure time and less early postoperative pain.
Randomized single-blind trial comparing two calcium‑silicate dental pulp capping materials (TheraCal LC vs iRoot BP Plus) in pulpitis permanent teeth; both achieved similar 1‑year success but TheraCal LC had shorter procedure time and less early postoperative pain.
Pilot randomized controlled trial testing a multi‑mineral/vitamin supplement (SiderAL® Med, which includes algal calcium among other minerals) plus rehabilitation vs rehabilitation alone in post‑stroke patients; supplement group showed greater improvements in fatigue, motor and cognitive outcomes over 3 months.
Pilot randomized controlled trial testing a multi‑mineral/vitamin supplement (SiderAL® Med, which includes algal calcium among other minerals) plus rehabilitation vs rehabilitation alone in post‑stroke patients; supplement group showed greater improvements in fatigue, motor and cognitive outcomes over 3 months.
Pilot randomized controlled trial testing a multi‑mineral/vitamin supplement (SiderAL® Med, which includes algal calcium among other minerals) plus rehabilitation vs rehabilitation alone in post‑stroke patients; supplement group showed greater improvements in fatigue, motor and cognitive outcomes over 3 months.
Randomized workplace nutrition intervention providing oral nutrition supplements (multi‑vitamin/mineral formula including minerals) plus education vs education alone in female workers; intervention improved biochemical micronutrient markers including serum zinc, iron, and total serum calcium and reduced micronutrient deficiency prevalence.
Randomized workplace nutrition intervention providing oral nutrition supplements (multi‑vitamin/mineral formula including minerals) plus education vs education alone in female workers; intervention improved biochemical micronutrient markers including serum zinc, iron, and total serum calcium and reduced micronutrient deficiency prevalence.
Randomized workplace nutrition intervention providing oral nutrition supplements (multi‑vitamin/mineral formula including minerals) plus education vs education alone in female workers; intervention improved biochemical micronutrient markers including serum zinc, iron, and total serum calcium and reduced micronutrient deficiency prevalence.
Feedback of high future fracture risk led to increased preventive behaviors including calcium use and reduced femoral neck bone loss over 10 years in premenopausal women.
Eldecalcitol increased lumbar and hip bone mineral density more than alfacalcidol in osteoporotic patients not receiving vitamin D or calcium supplements.
Randomized double‑blind trial in postmenopausal women testing home meal replacements fortified with eggshell (natural calcium carbonate) and vitamin D vs control diet; fortified diet attenuated femoral‑neck BMD loss over 6 months compared with control.
SNF472 given during hemodialysis modestly decreased hip and femoral-neck BMD over 1 year; the 600 mg dose showed a slightly greater BMD loss than placebo.
12-month randomized trial in 30 kidney transplant recipients with hypercalcemia: subtotal parathyroidectomy normalized serum calcium in all patients and produced larger iPTH reductions and a significant increase in femoral neck BMD compared with cinacalcet.
Randomized double‑blind trial in postmenopausal women testing home meal replacements fortified with eggshell (natural calcium carbonate) and vitamin D vs control diet; fortified diet attenuated femoral‑neck BMD loss over 6 months compared with control.
Randomized double‑blind trial in postmenopausal women testing home meal replacements fortified with eggshell (natural calcium carbonate) and vitamin D vs control diet; fortified diet attenuated femoral‑neck BMD loss over 6 months compared with control.
Seventy-five primary mandibular second molars in children (age 4–8) randomized to three obturation materials (Endoflas, Metapex, calcium hydroxide–ZnO mixture); all showed similar high clinical success at 6 months.
In 88 patients, 10 mg/kg IV calcium chloride given with neostigmine accelerated neuromuscular recovery and shortened time to extubation versus placebo.
In 88 patients, 10 mg/kg IV calcium chloride given with neostigmine accelerated neuromuscular recovery and shortened time to extubation versus placebo.
In 88 patients, 10 mg/kg IV calcium chloride given with neostigmine accelerated neuromuscular recovery and shortened time to extubation versus placebo.
In an 8-week randomized, examiner-blind trial, all three dentifrices (test SnF2, positive control containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate, and negative control) produced significant within-group improvements in dentinal hypersensitivity and OHRQoL, but between-group differences were not statistically significant due to a strong placebo/center effect.
In an 8-week randomized, examiner-blind trial, all three dentifrices (test SnF2, positive control containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate, and negative control) produced significant within-group improvements in dentinal hypersensitivity and OHRQoL, but between-group differences were not statistically significant due to a strong placebo/center effect.
Double-blind RCT in adults with dentine hypersensitivity showing the calcium-silicate/sodium-phosphate toothpaste reduced sensitivity versus control over 14–29 days.
In an 8-week randomized, examiner-blind trial, all three dentifrices (test SnF2, positive control containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate, and negative control) produced significant within-group improvements in dentinal hypersensitivity and OHRQoL, but between-group differences were not statistically significant due to a strong placebo/center effect.
In children with infected primary molars, both calcium-enriched mixture cement pulpotomy and pulpectomy gave high success rates with no clear difference.
In children with infected primary molars, both calcium-enriched mixture cement pulpotomy and pulpectomy gave high success rates with no clear difference.
Long-term follow-up of postmenopausal women randomized to calcium plus vitamin D showed reduced cancer mortality but a small increase in cardiovascular mortality, with no effect on all-cause mortality.
Long-term follow-up of postmenopausal women randomized to calcium plus vitamin D showed reduced cancer mortality but a small increase in cardiovascular mortality, with no effect on all-cause mortality.
Adding somatostatin enema to standard care shortened symptom recovery and decreased inflammation; blood calcium rose after treatment.
Phase 1 randomized, double-blind bioequivalence study of a denosumab biosimilar vs reference denosumab in healthy subjects; PK was bioequivalent and common adverse reactions included reductions in blood calcium and phosphate.
Randomized trial in women with diminished ovarian reserve testing oocyte activation with a calcium ionophore; small numerical increases in fertilization and pregnancy rates were observed but were not statistically different between groups.
In CICU patients receiving RCA-CRRT, using commercially available calcium-containing dialysate produced similar rates of metabolic complications, citrate accumulation, premature termination, and filter thrombus compared with calcium-free solutions.
In CICU patients receiving RCA-CRRT, using commercially available calcium-containing dialysate produced similar rates of metabolic complications, citrate accumulation, premature termination, and filter thrombus compared with calcium-free solutions.
In CICU patients receiving RCA-CRRT, using commercially available calcium-containing dialysate produced similar rates of metabolic complications, citrate accumulation, premature termination, and filter thrombus compared with calcium-free solutions.
In thyroidectomy patients, carbon nanoparticle use improved parathyroid preservation and early parathyroid function compared with controls/ICGT.
In thyroidectomy patients, carbon nanoparticle use improved parathyroid preservation and early parathyroid function compared with controls/ICGT.
In thyroidectomy patients, carbon nanoparticle use improved parathyroid preservation and early parathyroid function compared with controls/ICGT.
In healthy older adults, higher serum phosphate (but not calcium) was linked to greater fracture risk in men; no association between serum calcium and fractures.
Adding a calcium-containing compound (CSPS) to a fluoride toothpaste did not change enamel remineralization compared with fluoride alone.
24-week RCT testing vitamin D and/or calcium in people with prediabetes; vitamin D+calcium improved PSQI vs baseline and calcium alone improved sleep in prespecified subgroups.
24-week RCT testing vitamin D and/or calcium in people with prediabetes; vitamin D+calcium improved PSQI vs baseline and calcium alone improved sleep in prespecified subgroups.
Randomized study comparing calcium‑phosphate (CP) coated vs titanium plasma spray (TPS) short hip stems; CP coating was associated with greater and more prolonged early implant migration.
Randomized study comparing calcium‑phosphate (CP) coated vs titanium plasma spray (TPS) short hip stems; CP coating was associated with greater and more prolonged early implant migration.
Randomized study comparing calcium‑phosphate (CP) coated vs titanium plasma spray (TPS) short hip stems; CP coating was associated with greater and more prolonged early implant migration.
Randomized trial in children comparing a zinc hydroxyapatite toothpaste vs a calcium sodium phosphosilicate toothpaste; both reduced dental sensitivity and improved periodontal indices over 6 months.
Randomized trial in children comparing a zinc hydroxyapatite toothpaste vs a calcium sodium phosphosilicate toothpaste; both reduced dental sensitivity and improved periodontal indices over 6 months.
One-year randomized trial of milk+vitamin D vs calcium carbonate+vitamin D vs standard care in children/youth with T1DM; calcium (milk or pharmacological) improved bone mass and geometry, especially in girls.
One-year randomized trial of milk+vitamin D vs calcium carbonate+vitamin D vs standard care in children/youth with T1DM; calcium (milk or pharmacological) improved bone mass and geometry, especially in girls.
One-year randomized trial of milk+vitamin D vs calcium carbonate+vitamin D vs standard care in children/youth with T1DM; calcium (milk or pharmacological) improved bone mass and geometry, especially in girls.
In edentulous older patients, 12 months of daily oral calcium (1000 mg elemental) plus vitamin D (500 IU) did not significantly reduce mandibular residual ridge resorption or change bone mineral density compared with no supplementation.
In edentulous older patients, 12 months of daily oral calcium (1000 mg elemental) plus vitamin D (500 IU) did not significantly reduce mandibular residual ridge resorption or change bone mineral density compared with no supplementation.
In hemodialysis patients with adynamic bone disease, the calcium-based binder (calcium carbonate) was associated with higher blood calcium, greater progression of coronary artery calcification and lower bone mineral density compared with lanthanum carbonate over 12 months.
In edentulous older patients, 12 months of daily oral calcium (1000 mg elemental) plus vitamin D (500 IU) did not significantly reduce mandibular residual ridge resorption or change bone mineral density compared with no supplementation.
In sinus augmentation, biphasic calcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP 70/30) produced similar new bone formation, residual graft amount, and gene expression changes compared with deproteinized bovine bone mineral after ~6+ months.
In sinus augmentation, biphasic calcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP 70/30) produced similar new bone formation, residual graft amount, and gene expression changes compared with deproteinized bovine bone mineral after ~6+ months.
In sinus augmentation, biphasic calcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP 70/30) produced similar new bone formation, residual graft amount, and gene expression changes compared with deproteinized bovine bone mineral after ~6+ months.
Clinical comparison of Biodentine and MTA for pulpotomy in primary molars showed high success rates and no significant difference between agents up to 12 months.
Pulpotomy using a premixed calcium-silicate cement (Endocem) had high one-year success similar to ProRoot MTA; overall pulpotomy success ~94% with no significant difference between materials.
Pulpotomy using a premixed calcium-silicate cement (Endocem) had high one-year success similar to ProRoot MTA; overall pulpotomy success ~94% with no significant difference between materials.
Two large randomized trials (India and Tanzania) compared 500 mg vs 1500 mg daily calcium in pregnancy; 500 mg was noninferior to 1500 mg for preeclampsia overall.
Healthy adults drank high- vs low-sodium/bicarbonate mineral water for 28 days; blood pressure did not differ, aldosterone fell (more with high-bicarbonate/sodium water), and urinary calcium excretion decreased in the high-bicarbonate/sodium group.
In pregnant patients with hypertensive disorders, adding low-dose aspirin to labetalol + vitamin E + calcium improved clinical efficacy, lowered blood pressure and 24-h urine protein, and increased microRNA-126 and PLGF versus without aspirin.
In hyperinsulinemic adults, a 6-week high-dairy diet (increasing dietary calcium) did not change blood pressure or arterial stiffness but was associated with increases in body fat, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.
Healthy adults drank high- vs low-sodium/bicarbonate mineral water for 28 days; blood pressure did not differ, aldosterone fell (more with high-bicarbonate/sodium water), and urinary calcium excretion decreased in the high-bicarbonate/sodium group.
Healthy adults drank high- vs low-sodium/bicarbonate mineral water for 28 days; blood pressure did not differ, aldosterone fell (more with high-bicarbonate/sodium water), and urinary calcium excretion decreased in the high-bicarbonate/sodium group.
Measured serum/urine calcium, vitamin D, PTH and bone markers in osteoporotic women and analysed correlations with metabolic/cardiovascular risk markers.
A controlled crossover feeding study found K-gluconate supplementation lowered urinary calcium excretion and increased urinary pH versus control, but did not produce significant differences in net calcium retention or % absorption.
A 3-month dietary intervention in postmenopausal women increasing vegetables/herbs/fruit reduced urinary calcium excretion and lowered bone turnover markers in the group consuming phytochemical-rich selections, especially in osteopenic women.
12-week randomized dietary supplement trial in adults with abdominal obesity; whey protein increased urinary calcium but did not change bone turnover markers or BMD.
Intranasal EDTA plus olfactory training improved sense of smell more than training alone and reduced nasal calcium levels.
Randomized controlled trial testing intranasal 1% sodium phytate vs saline in post-COVID olfactory dysfunction; sodium phytate reduced nasal mucus calcium and produced significant olfactory improvement compared with saline.
In sarcopenic older adults, early supervised resistance training with nutritional support (including calcium) led to an earlier increase in lower‑leg muscle mass but did not improve physical function.
12-week randomized trial in Chinese adults at risk of malnutrition: daily oral nutrition supplement increased weight, anthropometric measures, and multiple nutrient intakes.
Crossover RCT: eating two calcium-fortified cereal bars daily for 3 weeks significantly increased women's dietary calcium intake (~+360 mg/day) without increasing energy intake or body weight.
One-year RCT in habitual snackers comparing daily almonds vs biscuits: diet quality improved with almonds but body weight did not change.
A behavioral nutrition program increased children's dietary calcium intake for up to 12 months but did not change bone mineral accrual; higher calcium intake was associated with smaller BMI increases at some timepoints.
Cluster-randomized evaluation of an integrated nutrition package (including free calcium tablets) vs standard care showing improved supplement use, diet diversity and breastfeeding.
Dietary analysis of IF 5:2 showing decreased energy on study and that intake of several micronutrients, including calcium, was lower than recommended guidelines.
Four-week randomized diet trial in women showing the Paleolithic diet led to greater short-term weight and fat loss and reduced dietary calcium intake compared to guidelines-based diet.
Post-hoc analysis of an RCT comparing fasting + plant-based diet vs guideline diet in RA patients; both groups had dietary calcium below recommendations, with the guideline (DGE) group having higher calcium intake than the PBD group.
Switching from low- to high-dairy intake for 6 weeks lowered both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in overweight middle-aged adults; effect appeared dependent on increased calcium intake.
In this cohort, pregnant women frequently did not meet recommended micronutrient intakes, including calcium, across trimesters.
Randomized in vivo study: using CPP-ACP during orthodontic treatment altered archwire surface and reduced nickel content compared to routine hygiene.
Randomized in vivo study: using CPP-ACP during orthodontic treatment altered archwire surface and reduced nickel content compared to routine hygiene.
Two 0.5-g calcium dobesilate capsule formulations were bioequivalent in 48 healthy volunteers under fasting and fed conditions with no serious adverse events.
Two 0.5-g calcium dobesilate capsule formulations were bioequivalent in 48 healthy volunteers under fasting and fed conditions with no serious adverse events.
Bioequivalence crossover in healthy volunteers: sodium levofolinate is bioequivalent to calcium levofolinate and sodium folinate; all well tolerated.
Multicenter randomized intrapatient trial (n=100 treated, efficacy n=87) comparing a β-TCP–rich biphasic calcium phosphate putty to autograft for posterolateral spinal fusion; fusion rates were similar and noninferiority was demonstrated at 1 year.
Randomized clinical trial in teeth with reversible pulpitis: calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement performed comparably to MTA and better than calcium hydroxide for maintaining pulp vitality up to 18 months.
Randomized clinical trial in teeth with reversible pulpitis: calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement performed comparably to MTA and better than calcium hydroxide for maintaining pulp vitality up to 18 months.
In preterm infants on parenteral nutrition, continuous calcium infusion reduced biochemical markers of metabolic bone disease and lowered its incidence versus intermittent bolus infusion.
In preterm infants on parenteral nutrition, continuous calcium infusion reduced biochemical markers of metabolic bone disease and lowered its incidence versus intermittent bolus infusion.
In preterm infants on parenteral nutrition, continuous calcium infusion reduced biochemical markers of metabolic bone disease and lowered its incidence versus intermittent bolus infusion.
Randomized comparative study of denosumab vs zoledronic acid in pediatric OI: denosumab increased BMD but caused frequent rebound hypercalcemia (31%), including hypercalcemic crises.
Randomized comparative study of denosumab vs zoledronic acid in pediatric OI: denosumab increased BMD but caused frequent rebound hypercalcemia (31%), including hypercalcemic crises.
Randomized comparative study of denosumab vs zoledronic acid in pediatric OI: denosumab increased BMD but caused frequent rebound hypercalcemia (31%), including hypercalcemic crises.
Sarcopenic older adults received combined exercise plus nutritional support (included BCAA and daily Caltrate: 600 mg calcium + 800 IU vitamin D3); after 12 weeks inflammatory cytokines decreased and muscle strength/mass improved.
Randomized phase IIa comparing β‑TCP bone graft substitute (calcium phosphate) with or without autologous BMC in proximal humerus fractures; no difference in radiologic healing or function; treatment well tolerated.
Randomized phase IIa comparing β‑TCP bone graft substitute (calcium phosphate) with or without autologous BMC in proximal humerus fractures; no difference in radiologic healing or function; treatment well tolerated.
Randomized trial in adults comparing MTA vs calcium hydroxide pulp capping: at 36 months MTA had higher pulp survival than calcium hydroxide.
Large retrospective cohort of peritoneal dialysis patients found 12.4% developed new cardiac valve calcification; higher calcium-phosphate product (Ca×P) was an independent risk factor among others.
Large retrospective cohort of peritoneal dialysis patients found 12.4% developed new cardiac valve calcification; higher calcium-phosphate product (Ca×P) was an independent risk factor among others.
Large retrospective cohort of peritoneal dialysis patients found 12.4% developed new cardiac valve calcification; higher calcium-phosphate product (Ca×P) was an independent risk factor among others.
In dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, IV etelcalcetide over 1 year reduced PTH and lowered blood calcium and phosphate; hypocalcemia occurred in some patients.
Six days of sodium phosphate in trained cyclists slightly increased submaximal work (lactate threshold) and raised serum phosphate but did not change serum calcium or overall VO2max; some individuals (responders) showed larger aerobic improvements.
Split-mouth RCT found application of a calcium phosphate-containing desensitizer did not significantly reduce postoperative sensitivity after composite restorations.
In edentulous women given dentures, a daily multi-nutrient supplement (containing 150 mg calcium per serving) led to modest within-group improvements and a significant between-group increase in bone mineral density, but most between-group nutritional outcomes were not different.
Double-blind RCT testing 1 g IV calcium chloride after cord clamping in intrapartum cesarean deliveries: no significant reduction in blood loss in the primary analysis, but planned subgroup excluding nonatonic bleeding showed ≈350 mL less blood loss with calcium.
Double-blind RCT testing 1 g IV calcium chloride after cord clamping in intrapartum cesarean deliveries: no significant reduction in blood loss in the primary analysis, but planned subgroup excluding nonatonic bleeding showed ≈350 mL less blood loss with calcium.
Double-blind RCT testing 1 g IV calcium chloride after cord clamping in intrapartum cesarean deliveries: no significant reduction in blood loss in the primary analysis, but planned subgroup excluding nonatonic bleeding showed ≈350 mL less blood loss with calcium.
Pilot randomized clinical trial of a buccal plate repositioning technique using silica calcium phosphate nanocomposite graft showing mean horizontal ridge gain (~4.30 mm) comparable to other graft materials and allowing successful implant placement.
Pilot randomized clinical trial of a buccal plate repositioning technique using silica calcium phosphate nanocomposite graft showing mean horizontal ridge gain (~4.30 mm) comparable to other graft materials and allowing successful implant placement.
Randomized controlled trial showing that advising and achieving adequate dietary calcium intake (1,000–1,200 mg/day) in hypoparathyroidism patients non-adherent to supplements corrected hypocalcemia in most patients (87.5% reached target Ca) without short-term safety issues.
Randomized controlled trial showing that advising and achieving adequate dietary calcium intake (1,000–1,200 mg/day) in hypoparathyroidism patients non-adherent to supplements corrected hypocalcemia in most patients (87.5% reached target Ca) without short-term safety issues.
Randomized clinical trial in preschool children comparing NaF varnish alone versus NaF+TCP and NaF+CPP-ACP; no consistent advantage of calcium/phosphate-containing varnishes over conventional NaF in reducing S. mutans or L. fermentum counts over 24 months.
Randomized clinical trial in preschool children comparing NaF varnish alone versus NaF+TCP and NaF+CPP-ACP; no consistent advantage of calcium/phosphate-containing varnishes over conventional NaF in reducing S. mutans or L. fermentum counts over 24 months.
In patients with liver failure receiving continuous KRT, regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) prolonged filter lifespan but increased the risk of hypocalcemia.
In patients with liver failure receiving continuous KRT, regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) prolonged filter lifespan but increased the risk of hypocalcemia.
A perioperative multimodal nutrition protocol improved postoperative labs and recovery: higher albumin and electrolyte levels, fewer electrolyte disorders, and shorter hospital stay.
Adults with traumatic hemorrhagic shock receiving prehospital plasma had higher rates of hypocalcemia on admission; hypocalcemia predicted lower survival and greater need for massive transfusion.
A multimodal nutrition protocol around knee replacement reduced albumin transfusions, electrolyte disorders including low calcium on day 1, and shortened hospital stay.
In the EVOLVE trial, initiation of cinacalcet was frequently followed by hypocalcemia (often asymptomatic) which usually resolved without intervention within 14 days.
In patients with liver failure receiving continuous KRT, regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) prolonged filter lifespan but increased the risk of hypocalcemia.
In hyperinsulinemic adults, a 6-week high-dairy diet (increasing dietary calcium) did not change blood pressure or arterial stiffness but was associated with increases in body fat, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.
Socket preservation trial: rhBMP-2 incorporated calcium phosphate material produced more new bone and faster material degradation than β-TCP or natural healing at 6 weeks.
Socket preservation trial: rhBMP-2 incorporated calcium phosphate material produced more new bone and faster material degradation than β-TCP or natural healing at 6 weeks.
Socket preservation trial: rhBMP-2 incorporated calcium phosphate material produced more new bone and faster material degradation than β-TCP or natural healing at 6 weeks.
Children at high caries risk received NaF varnishes (with or without calcium-containing additives); all varnishes reduced lesion signal (remineralized), with CPP-ACP combination giving the largest mean reduction.
Children at high caries risk received NaF varnishes (with or without calcium-containing additives); all varnishes reduced lesion signal (remineralized), with CPP-ACP combination giving the largest mean reduction.
Sinus graft RCT comparing bovine, porcine, and biphasic calcium phosphate substitutes: bovine and porcine graft volumes remained stable while synthetic BCP showed marked resorption.
Intranasal EDTA plus olfactory training improved sense of smell more than training alone and reduced nasal calcium levels.
Hydroxyapatite deposition by PJD reduced dentin hypersensitivity similarly to a calcium‑phosphate desensitizer over 12 weeks; non‑inferiority was not statistically demonstrated.
Hydroxyapatite deposition by PJD reduced dentin hypersensitivity similarly to a calcium‑phosphate desensitizer over 12 weeks; non‑inferiority was not statistically demonstrated.
Self‑administered intranasal etripamil converted ~60% of adjudicated PSVT episodes to sinus rhythm within 30 minutes (median 15.5 min); repeated use was generally safe with mostly mild local AEs.
Self‑administered intranasal etripamil converted ~60% of adjudicated PSVT episodes to sinus rhythm within 30 minutes (median 15.5 min); repeated use was generally safe with mostly mild local AEs.
Self‑administered intranasal etripamil converted ~60% of adjudicated PSVT episodes to sinus rhythm within 30 minutes (median 15.5 min); repeated use was generally safe with mostly mild local AEs.
Ferric citrate was non-inferior to sevelamer at lowering serum phosphorus in hemodialysis patients; corrected serum calcium and intact-PTH changes were similar, while ferric citrate improved iron indices and had more mild GI adverse events.
Overweight elderly participants all received 1000 mg elemental calcium/day plus either low or high vitamin D for 1 year; serum 25OHD rose more with high-dose vitamin D but there was little additional benefit on BMD or bone markers overall.
Randomized single-blind RCT in 40 older women testing daily yogurt fortified with vitamin D3 (200 IU per pot twice daily) and calcium (400 mg per pot twice daily) for 3 months versus control yogurt; measured gait variability, cognition, grip strength and serum 25OHD.
After 12 weeks of androgen deprivation therapy, patients showed early bone loss: small rise in serum calcium, increased bone resorption markers, and large decreases in stable calcium isotope ratios indicating net negative bone mineral balance.
Personalized vitamin D3 loading followed by 2000 IU/day raised 25(OH)D to sufficiency in CRC patients; no cases of hypervitaminosis D or hypercalcemia occurred, though transient hypercalciuria was observed in some patients after loading dose.
After 12 weeks of androgen deprivation therapy, patients showed early bone loss: small rise in serum calcium, increased bone resorption markers, and large decreases in stable calcium isotope ratios indicating net negative bone mineral balance.
After 12 weeks of androgen deprivation therapy, patients showed early bone loss: small rise in serum calcium, increased bone resorption markers, and large decreases in stable calcium isotope ratios indicating net negative bone mineral balance.
After 12 weeks of androgen deprivation therapy, patients showed early bone loss: small rise in serum calcium, increased bone resorption markers, and large decreases in stable calcium isotope ratios indicating net negative bone mineral balance.
After weight loss, adding protein supplements (one arm included whey plus calcium) did not improve weight maintenance compared with control, although protein supplements increased diet-induced thermogenesis and resting energy expenditure.
In 1,277 patients after lumbar fusion, a nomogram including serum calcium predicted surgical site infection risk; lower serum calcium was independently associated with higher SSI risk.
In 1,277 patients after lumbar fusion, a nomogram including serum calcium predicted surgical site infection risk; lower serum calcium was independently associated with higher SSI risk.
Retrospective MIMIC-IV analysis produced a nomogram to predict 30-day sepsis in ICU TBI patients; lower serum calcium was an independent predictor of higher sepsis risk.
Retrospective MIMIC-IV analysis produced a nomogram to predict 30-day sepsis in ICU TBI patients; lower serum calcium was an independent predictor of higher sepsis risk.
In 781 adult ED cardiac arrest cases, giving calcium during ED care was associated with lower chance of surviving to hospital admission.
In 781 adult ED cardiac arrest cases, giving calcium during ED care was associated with lower chance of surviving to hospital admission.
In 781 adult ED cardiac arrest cases, giving calcium during ED care was associated with lower chance of surviving to hospital admission.
Randomized study in children comparing MTA versus IRM as pulpal floor base after pulpectomy found similar overall success rates but faster lesion healing with MTA.
In children needing pulpectomy, an iodoform paste showed non-inferior 24‑month success versus a calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste.
Adding rh-FGF-2 to a β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold improved periodontal regeneration versus β-TCP alone in adults.
Randomized double-blind trial comparing root canal obturation with MTA vs gutta-percha, each with/without bone graft, in true combined endo-perio lesions; MTA+bone graft showed the best radiographic and clinical healing at 6 and 12 months.
Both normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen improved cognitive scores and brain oxygenation after mild TBI; HBOT produced greater improvements at 30 days.
Both normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen improved cognitive scores and brain oxygenation after mild TBI; HBOT produced greater improvements at 30 days.
Both normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen improved cognitive scores and brain oxygenation after mild TBI; HBOT produced greater improvements at 30 days.
Both normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen improved cognitive scores and brain oxygenation after mild TBI; HBOT produced greater improvements at 30 days.
Upacicalcet significantly lowered serum iPTH and related bone/metabolic markers versus placebo with uncommon symptomatic hypocalcemia or GI adverse events.
Upacicalcet significantly lowered serum iPTH and related bone/metabolic markers versus placebo with uncommon symptomatic hypocalcemia or GI adverse events.
Upacicalcet significantly lowered serum iPTH and related bone/metabolic markers versus placebo with uncommon symptomatic hypocalcemia or GI adverse events.
Upacicalcet significantly lowered serum iPTH and related bone/metabolic markers versus placebo with uncommon symptomatic hypocalcemia or GI adverse events.
Intravenous calcimimetic etelcalcetide in haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism reduced PTH and lowered serum calcium, phosphorus and FGF23 versus placebo.
Upacicalcet significantly lowered serum iPTH and related bone/metabolic markers versus placebo with uncommon symptomatic hypocalcemia or GI adverse events.
Both drugs improved uterine blood flow measures and endometrial thickness; Sildenafil produced larger increases in endometrial thickness and greater RI reduction than Nifedipine.
Both drugs improved uterine blood flow measures and endometrial thickness; Sildenafil produced larger increases in endometrial thickness and greater RI reduction than Nifedipine.
Both drugs improved uterine blood flow measures and endometrial thickness; Sildenafil produced larger increases in endometrial thickness and greater RI reduction than Nifedipine.
Pulpotomy with either MTA or calcium-enriched mixture had very high clinical success (~≥98%) at 2 and 5 years; radiographic advantage for MTA at 2 years but similar at 5 years.
Premixed calcium silicate cements (Endocem MTA Premixed, Well-Root PT) were non-inferior to ProRoot MTA for pulpotomy in primary molars; high success rates across materials.
Premixed calcium silicate cements (Endocem MTA Premixed, Well-Root PT) were non-inferior to ProRoot MTA for pulpotomy in primary molars; high success rates across materials.
1000 IU/day vitamin D3 for one month increased 25(OH)D and lowered PTH but did not improve measured physical performance.
Chinese postmenopausal women given 25,000 IU or 50,000 IU cholecalciferol every 4 weeks largely maintained vitamin D sufficiency without causing hyperparathyroidism or toxicity.
Oral calcidiol (25‑OH vitamin D) quickly raised serum 25(OH)D above 30 ng/ml without altering serum calcium or other mineral metabolism markers over 3 months.
In recurrent calcium stone formers with vitamin D deficiency, two vitamin D repletion protocols raised serum 25(OH)D, lowered PTH, and increased 24‑h urinary calcium without changing stone supersaturation.
Daily vitamin D3 (600, 1000, 2000 IU) in deficient children increased vitamin D levels and substantially reduced secondary hyperparathyroidism; 2000 IU was most effective and no hypercalcaemia occurred.
Older adults given calcifediol or vitamin D3 had faster and larger increases in blood vitamin D without causing high blood calcium.
Both potassium citrate and hydrochlorothiazide reduced 24-h urinary calcium; potassium citrate increased urinary citrate more and had similar short-term stone recurrence.
In recurrent calcium stone formers with vitamin D deficiency, two vitamin D repletion protocols raised serum 25(OH)D, lowered PTH, and increased 24‑h urinary calcium without changing stone supersaturation.
After non-surgical periodontal therapy, CSPS (calcium sodium phosphosilicate) and arginine dentifrices reduced patient‑reported root sensitivity within 2–4 weeks and effects persisted to 8 weeks.
Partial pulpotomy in mature molars had high success across capping agents; calcium hydroxide performed similarly to other materials, while Emdogain showed less post‑operative pain and lower anti‑inflammatory intake.
Partial pulpotomy in mature molars had high success across capping agents; calcium hydroxide performed similarly to other materials, while Emdogain showed less post‑operative pain and lower anti‑inflammatory intake.
In pregnant women with pre‑existing diabetes, an adapted DASH diet vs standard diet produced no difference in preeclampsia incidence; both groups improved glycated hemoglobin and some oxidative markers improved with DASH; calcium supplements (500 mg/day) were prescribed to women with low intake but not analyzed separately.
In pregnant women with pre‑existing diabetes, an adapted DASH diet vs standard diet produced no difference in preeclampsia incidence; both groups improved glycated hemoglobin and some oxidative markers improved with DASH; calcium supplements (500 mg/day) were prescribed to women with low intake but not analyzed separately.
Partial pulpotomy using two calcium‑silicate materials (MTA Angelus vs Total Fill BC) showed similar long‑term success; Total Fill BC was associated with higher postoperative pain intensity.
In 34 healthy adults, a liposomal multivitamin altered how some minerals and vitamins appeared in blood; serum calcium rose at 2 h after the liposomal MVM and some calcium PK markers (Tmax, absorption rate) differed; no side effects reported.
rhPTH(1-84) at 25 or 50 μg/d allowed a subset of hypoparathyroidism patients to reduce calcium and calcitriol supplements and was generally tolerated.
Cluster‑randomized trial providing additional high‑calcium/high‑protein dairy to aged‑care residents reduced hip and other non‑vertebral fractures and was cost‑saving.
Cluster‑randomized trial providing additional high‑calcium/high‑protein dairy to aged‑care residents reduced hip and other non‑vertebral fractures and was cost‑saving.
Cluster‑randomized trial providing additional high‑calcium/high‑protein dairy to aged‑care residents reduced hip and other non‑vertebral fractures and was cost‑saving.
Two-year randomized trial of exercise (with calcium + vitamin D supplementation) in postmenopausal women; high-impact training improved femoral neck T-scores more than fast walking.
Switching from low- to high-dairy intake for 6 weeks lowered both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in overweight middle-aged adults; effect appeared dependent on increased calcium intake.
Switching from low- to high-dairy intake for 6 weeks lowered both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in overweight middle-aged adults; effect appeared dependent on increased calcium intake.
Oral nutritional supplements plus dietary counseling increased energy and micronutrient intakes (including calcium), and improved appetite versus counseling alone in picky-eating children over 90 days.
Daily consumption of a dairy product enriched with calcium, vitamin D and other bone‑supporting nutrients for 24 weeks improved bone mass and bone turnover markers and mitigated BMD loss in menopausal women at risk of osteoporosis.
Enhanced exercise and combined calcium plus vitamin D helped maintain or improve muscle strength in postmenopausal women at high osteoporosis risk.
Small randomized study: adding Greek yogurt (source of protein and calcium) to exercise increased bone formation markers versus placebo.
Small randomized study in postmenopausal osteopenic women: adding bioactive collagen peptides to calcium+vitamin D lowered bone turnover markers over 3 months compared with calcium+vitamin D alone.
Postmenopausal osteoporotic women received zoledronate; experimental groups received calcitriol plus calcium carbonate while controls received calcium carbonate alone—bone turnover markers fell and BMD rose, with greater marker declines and lumbar spine BMD increase when calcitriol was added.
A 3-month dietary intervention in postmenopausal women increasing vegetables/herbs/fruit reduced urinary calcium excretion and lowered bone turnover markers in the group consuming phytochemical-rich selections, especially in osteopenic women.
Genetic variants in VDR and DBP were associated with baseline vitamin D status and bone turnover markers, and genotype (combined GRS) modified the response of 25OHD to calcium plus vitamin D supplementation during training.
24-month randomized interventional study: pre-load vitamin D plus ongoing vitamin D, calcium, protein supplementation and exercise after bariatric surgery attenuated increases in bone turnover markers and reduced loss of aBMD and lean mass versus no intervention.
Randomized double-blind multicenter trial found the HCA-containing supplement (FagolitosPlus®) given before and after ESWL improved stone fragmentation in patients with calcium-containing renal stones compared with placebo.
Randomized double-blind multicenter trial found the HCA-containing supplement (FagolitosPlus®) given before and after ESWL improved stone fragmentation in patients with calcium-containing renal stones compared with placebo.
Randomized double-blind multicenter trial found the HCA-containing supplement (FagolitosPlus®) given before and after ESWL improved stone fragmentation in patients with calcium-containing renal stones compared with placebo.
Prospective randomized trial in immature nonvital teeth found regenerative endodontic procedures using nonsetting calcium hydroxide or modified triple antibiotic paste had similar high success and survival rates at 36 months.
Prospective randomized trial in immature nonvital teeth found regenerative endodontic procedures using nonsetting calcium hydroxide or modified triple antibiotic paste had similar high success and survival rates at 36 months.
Prospective randomized trial in immature nonvital teeth found regenerative endodontic procedures using nonsetting calcium hydroxide or modified triple antibiotic paste had similar high success and survival rates at 36 months.
Split-mouth RCT in children comparing TheraCal (releases calcium) vs MTA for primary tooth pulpotomy: both materials showed very high and similar 12-month success rates.
Large prospective cohort showing calcium channel blocker (CCB) use was associated with higher long-term all-cause and CVD mortality; associations were attenuated in patients receiving B-vitamin treatment.
Secondary analysis of a large RCT in hemodialysis patients showed cinacalcet markedly reduced FGF23; patients with ≥30% FGF23 reduction had lower rates of cardiovascular death and events.
7-day randomized crossover trial in hemodialysis patients: therapeutic diet rapidly improved mineral markers (lower phosphate/PTH/FGF23) and increased serum calcium.
Preoperative scopolamine butylbromide reduced postoperative cognitive dysfunction cases and lowered related blood markers.
In adolescents with low calcium intake, daily supplementation with 600 mg calcium + 200 IU vitamin D during pregnancy led to greater reductions in postpartum total and central fat mass over one year.
In adolescents with low calcium intake, daily supplementation with 600 mg calcium + 200 IU vitamin D during pregnancy led to greater reductions in postpartum total and central fat mass over one year.
In adolescents with low calcium intake, daily supplementation with 600 mg calcium + 200 IU vitamin D during pregnancy led to greater reductions in postpartum total and central fat mass over one year.
Giving 60 g/day formula milk (rich in calcium and vitamin D) to 4–6 y children for 12 months increased forearm bone mass and caused short-term biomarker changes.
Giving 60 g/day formula milk (rich in calcium and vitamin D) to 4–6 y children for 12 months increased forearm bone mass and caused short-term biomarker changes.
Giving 60 g/day formula milk (rich in calcium and vitamin D) to 4–6 y children for 12 months increased forearm bone mass and caused short-term biomarker changes.
Giving 60 g/day formula milk (rich in calcium and vitamin D) to 4–6 y children for 12 months increased forearm bone mass and caused short-term biomarker changes.
Compared a self-assembling peptide and a xylitol-coated calcium phosphate varnish for white spot lesions in 3–5 y children; only the peptide showed statistically significant lesion reduction.
Compared a self-assembling peptide and a xylitol-coated calcium phosphate varnish for white spot lesions in 3–5 y children; only the peptide showed statistically significant lesion reduction.
Compared a self-assembling peptide and a xylitol-coated calcium phosphate varnish for white spot lesions in 3–5 y children; only the peptide showed statistically significant lesion reduction.
Compared a self-assembling peptide and a xylitol-coated calcium phosphate varnish for white spot lesions in 3–5 y children; only the peptide showed statistically significant lesion reduction.
In 4–5‑year‑old children, a calcium‑containing mineral toothpaste reduced white‑spot lesion laser‑fluorescence and showed remineralization similar to fluoride toothpaste over 1 month.
In 4–5‑year‑old children, a calcium‑containing mineral toothpaste reduced white‑spot lesion laser‑fluorescence and showed remineralization similar to fluoride toothpaste over 1 month.
In 4–5‑year‑old children, a calcium‑containing mineral toothpaste reduced white‑spot lesion laser‑fluorescence and showed remineralization similar to fluoride toothpaste over 1 month.
In 4–5‑year‑old children, a calcium‑containing mineral toothpaste reduced white‑spot lesion laser‑fluorescence and showed remineralization similar to fluoride toothpaste over 1 month.
Randomized human trial comparing injectable biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) to bovine bone graft showed similar amounts of new bone and similar immunohistochemical markers at 6 months.
Randomized human trial comparing injectable biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) to bovine bone graft showed similar amounts of new bone and similar immunohistochemical markers at 6 months.
Randomized human trial comparing injectable biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) to bovine bone graft showed similar amounts of new bone and similar immunohistochemical markers at 6 months.
Motivational interviewing increased dairy (calcium) intake in adolescents; in females consuming ≥4 servings/day for 12 months, total hip bone density increased, but no effect seen in males.
Motivational interviewing increased dairy (calcium) intake in adolescents; in females consuming ≥4 servings/day for 12 months, total hip bone density increased, but no effect seen in males.
Motivational interviewing increased dairy (calcium) intake in adolescents; in females consuming ≥4 servings/day for 12 months, total hip bone density increased, but no effect seen in males.
Motivational interviewing increased dairy intake; in female adolescents who consumed ≥4 dairy servings/day for 12 months, total hip BMD increased more than controls, whereas males showed no DXA bone benefits.
Single 1000 mg calcium dose from milk or calcium carbonate acutely reduced bone resorption (CTX-1) and lowered PTH in postmenopausal women regardless of visceral fat.
In primary molars, calcium hydroxide had high short-term clinical and radiographic success (similar to MTA), with no statistically significant differences between groups.
In primary molars, calcium hydroxide had high short-term clinical and radiographic success (similar to MTA), with no statistically significant differences between groups.
Both groups receiving calcium + vitamin D (with fluoride) improved forearm BMD and wrist pain; adding laser acupuncture produced larger improvements.
Both groups receiving calcium + vitamin D (with fluoride) improved forearm BMD and wrist pain; adding laser acupuncture produced larger improvements.
In pregnant patients with hypertensive disorders, adding low-dose aspirin to labetalol + vitamin E + calcium improved clinical efficacy, lowered blood pressure and 24-h urine protein, and increased microRNA-126 and PLGF versus without aspirin.
In pregnant patients with hypertensive disorders, adding low-dose aspirin to labetalol + vitamin E + calcium improved clinical efficacy, lowered blood pressure and 24-h urine protein, and increased microRNA-126 and PLGF versus without aspirin.
Intradialytic exercise for 6 months improved 12-month survival and led to increases in serum calcium, physical function, and nutritional markers.
Oral calcium polystyrene sulfonate lowered serum potassium over 7 days; higher dose (30 g/day) had greater effect and was well tolerated.
Oral calcium polystyrene sulfonate lowered serum potassium over 7 days; higher dose (30 g/day) had greater effect and was well tolerated.
Calcium alginate and oxidized regenerated cellulose produced similar times to hemostasis, but more hemostatic products were used with ORC, favoring calcium alginate for practical use.
Calcium alginate and oxidized regenerated cellulose produced similar times to hemostasis, but more hemostatic products were used with ORC, favoring calcium alginate for practical use.
Modified thoracic breast approach thyroidectomy showed similar overall efficacy with fewer adverse effects and had higher serum calcium and PTH levels on postoperative day 1 compared with open surgery; levels equalized by day 5.
Modified thoracic breast approach thyroidectomy showed similar overall efficacy with fewer adverse effects and had higher serum calcium and PTH levels on postoperative day 1 compared with open surgery; levels equalized by day 5.
Topical intranasal DTPA significantly reduced nasal mucus calcium and improved smell scores in patients with post-COVID-19 anosmia.
Topical intranasal DTPA significantly reduced nasal mucus calcium and improved smell scores in patients with post-COVID-19 anosmia.
Randomized double-blind trial in 150 postmenopausal women testing placebo, calcium+vitamin D, and calcium+vitamin D+genistein for 12 weeks; vitamin D rose in all groups and adding genistein produced no additional changes in vitamin D, calcium metabolism, or bone remodeling markers.
Daily vitamin D3 plus calcium reduced the amount of bone loss over 48 weeks after starting antiretroviral therapy compared with placebo.
Small randomized study in postmenopausal women showing 12 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise increased PTH and vitamin D and altered ECG P-R interval; calcium changes not reported as significant.
Extended-release calcifediol normalized 25-hydroxyvitamin D and progressively reduced PTH with minimal effect on serum calcium in CKD patients.
Structured sunlight exposure increased 25(OH)D levels and led to increases in calcium and albumin in elderly nursing-home residents.
Weekly ergocalciferol in hemodialysis patients increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels without changing serum calcium or parathyroid hormone.
Randomized double-blind trial in 150 postmenopausal women testing placebo, calcium+vitamin D, and calcium+vitamin D+genistein for 12 weeks; vitamin D rose in all groups and adding genistein produced no additional changes in vitamin D, calcium metabolism, or bone remodeling markers.
Longitudinal study of 467 pregnant Gambian women showing small increases in peripheral bone density and marked biochemical changes between early second and third trimesters despite low habitual calcium intake.
12-week randomized dietary supplement trial in adults with abdominal obesity; whey protein increased urinary calcium but did not change bone turnover markers or BMD.
Prospective randomized study in postmenopausal women given calcium + vitamin D with or without genistein; vitamin D increases associated with reductions in bone turnover markers, and genistein added no consistent additional benefit.
Two-by-two factorial RCT in vitamin D–deficient young males testing cholecalciferol and/or elemental calcium supplementation vs placebo on handgrip strength and serum testosterone over 6 months (228 randomized, 180 completed).
Randomized controlled trial (3 groups, n=15 each) in oncology surgery patients comparing conventional care, calcium caseinate supplementation, and whey protein isolate (WPI) perioperatively; WPI group maintained handgrip strength and showed favorable body-composition changes.
Randomized controlled trial (3 groups, n=15 each) in oncology surgery patients comparing conventional care, calcium caseinate supplementation, and whey protein isolate (WPI) perioperatively; WPI group maintained handgrip strength and showed favorable body-composition changes.
Randomized controlled trial (3 groups, n=15 each) in oncology surgery patients comparing conventional care, calcium caseinate supplementation, and whey protein isolate (WPI) perioperatively; WPI group maintained handgrip strength and showed favorable body-composition changes.
Extended-release niacin slightly lowered serum phosphate over 3 years but did not change calcium or other mineral markers.
One month of lipid‑based micronutrient supplementation improved anthropometry and energy intake but did not change plasma vitamin D or calcium levels.
Randomized double-blind trial in women >60: yogurt fortified with vitamin D3 (400 IU) and additional calcium increased 25OHD and decreased PTH and bone resorption markers over 12 weeks.
Randomized double-blind trial (vitamin D + 500 mg calcium vs placebo) in infertile men: vitamin D+calcium raised vitamin D levels greatly but did not change serum AMH or semen-related AMH outcomes.
Randomized double-blind trial (vitamin D + 500 mg calcium vs placebo) in infertile men: vitamin D+calcium raised vitamin D levels greatly but did not change serum AMH or semen-related AMH outcomes.
Randomized double-blind trial (vitamin D + 500 mg calcium vs placebo) in infertile men: vitamin D+calcium raised vitamin D levels greatly but did not change serum AMH or semen-related AMH outcomes.
Post-hoc analysis of an RCT comparing fasting + plant-based diet vs guideline diet in RA patients; both groups had dietary calcium below recommendations, with the guideline (DGE) group having higher calcium intake than the PBD group.
Large pediatric study showing lower vitamin D in children with fractures and that supplementation with vitamin D (2000 IU/day) + calcium (600 mg/day) raised vitamin D levels and was associated with improved callus formation; low vitamin D associated with higher fracture risk.
Large pediatric study showing lower vitamin D in children with fractures and that supplementation with vitamin D (2000 IU/day) + calcium (600 mg/day) raised vitamin D levels and was associated with improved callus formation; low vitamin D associated with higher fracture risk.
Large pediatric study showing lower vitamin D in children with fractures and that supplementation with vitamin D (2000 IU/day) + calcium (600 mg/day) raised vitamin D levels and was associated with improved callus formation; low vitamin D associated with higher fracture risk.
Large pediatric study showing lower vitamin D in children with fractures and that supplementation with vitamin D (2000 IU/day) + calcium (600 mg/day) raised vitamin D levels and was associated with improved callus formation; low vitamin D associated with higher fracture risk.
Local intra-canal calcium hydroxide reduced post‑root‑canal preparation pain but was less effective than triple‑antibiotic paste.
Mouthwash containing calcium hydroxide reduced symptoms and signs of oral lichen planus but was less effective than clobetasol; no side effects reported in the mouthwash group.
In 97 CKD patients with hyperkalemia, both calcium and sodium polystyrene resins lowered potassium; calcium resin had fewer side effects.
Randomized trial comparing enamel matrix derivative (EMD) alone versus EMD plus biphasic calcium phosphate graft; both improved clinical and radiographic measures at 12 months with no significant difference between groups.
In NAFLD patients on a weight-loss program, adding calcium to calcitriol produced greater improvements in some metabolic and liver biochemical parameters versus calcitriol alone.
Pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia received vitamin D3 plus 1000 mg/day calcium for 12 weeks and showed improved glycaemic markers, HDL, and glutathione versus placebo.
In 60 women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and modestly lowered fasting glucose.
In women with GDM, higher-dose vitamin D plus calcium (1000 IU D + 1000 mg Ca daily) for 6 weeks improved glucose, insulin and lipid measures and increased antioxidant marker compared with lower-dose.
Double‑blind placebo‑controlled trial in middle‑aged healthy adults: calcium fructoborate for 30 days reduced several lipids and inflammatory markers vs placebo.
Bioequivalence crossover in healthy volunteers: sodium levofolinate is bioequivalent to calcium levofolinate and sodium folinate; all well tolerated.
Double‑blind RCT in 9–11‑year‑olds: calcium supplementation (± soluble corn fibre) produced short‑term increases in bone indices at 6 months but no sustained between‑group differences at 12 months.
Double‑blind RCT in 9–11‑year‑olds: calcium supplementation (± soluble corn fibre) produced short‑term increases in bone indices at 6 months but no sustained between‑group differences at 12 months.
Children with clinical rickets who received vitamin D and calcium showed increased linear growth but remained at higher risk of death and severe pneumonia readmission.
In 100 severe sepsis patients, adding Xuebijing to CVVH was associated with higher post-treatment serum Ca2+ and better clinical outcomes versus CVVH alone.
Secondary analysis of RCT data finds calcium (1200 mg/day) reduced colorectal adenoma recurrence risk among participants with the DBP2 isoform but not among others.
Secondary analysis of RCT data finds calcium (1200 mg/day) reduced colorectal adenoma recurrence risk among participants with the DBP2 isoform but not among others.
Extended-follow-up of WHI randomized trial in Black women found daily calcium (1000 mg as calcium carbonate) plus vitamin D (400 IU) did not reduce total mortality, total cancer incidence, or CVD events compared with placebo.
Extended-follow-up of WHI randomized trial in Black women found daily calcium (1000 mg as calcium carbonate) plus vitamin D (400 IU) did not reduce total mortality, total cancer incidence, or CVD events compared with placebo.
Post-hoc analysis of a large hemodialysis RCT: low-dose oral alfacalcidol did not significantly change cardiovascular events or mortality and ALP did not modify effects.
Extended-follow-up of WHI randomized trial in Black women found daily calcium (1000 mg as calcium carbonate) plus vitamin D (400 IU) did not reduce total mortality, total cancer incidence, or CVD events compared with placebo.
Giving calcium + vitamin D before and after thyroid surgery reduced early low-calcium symptoms and low calcium levels compared with starting supplements only after surgery.
Giving calcium + vitamin D before and after thyroid surgery reduced early low-calcium symptoms and low calcium levels compared with starting supplements only after surgery.
Giving calcium + vitamin D before and after thyroid surgery reduced early low-calcium symptoms and low calcium levels compared with starting supplements only after surgery.
A calcium-carbonate (aragonite) osteochondral implant improved knee function and reduced failures compared with microfracture/debridement.
A calcium-carbonate (aragonite) osteochondral implant improved knee function and reduced failures compared with microfracture/debridement.
A calcium-carbonate (aragonite) osteochondral implant improved knee function and reduced failures compared with microfracture/debridement.
Nine weeks of ACC supplementation increased maximal lower-body strength (back squat) compared with placebo; no significant change in bench press.
High-dose caffeine (8 mg/kg) increased maximal strength in bench press, deadlift, and squat and raised plasma Ca2+ compared with placebo or lower dose.
Nine weeks of ACC supplementation increased maximal lower-body strength (back squat) compared with placebo; no significant change in bench press.
In this randomized double-blind crossover RCT, calcium-caseinate (calcium-containing protein) did not reduce ambulatory blood pressure but did modestly improve endothelial function and lowered total cholesterol compared with control.
Oral cancer patients randomized to professional nutritional support (including individualized micronutrient supplements such as calcium tablets when indicated) lost less weight and had more stable lab values including calcium compared with standard care.
In CRRT with regional citrate anticoagulation, using a calcium-containing replacement solution gave similar filter lifespan and clinical outcomes but greatly reduced continuous calcium infusion needs.
In CRRT with regional citrate anticoagulation, using a calcium-containing replacement solution gave similar filter lifespan and clinical outcomes but greatly reduced continuous calcium infusion needs.
In CRRT with regional citrate anticoagulation, using a calcium-containing replacement solution gave similar filter lifespan and clinical outcomes but greatly reduced continuous calcium infusion needs.
2x2 factorial RCT (n=243) testing vitamin D (1600 IU/day) ± calcium (500 mg/day) for 24 weeks in prediabetes; vitamin D + calcium improved insulin secretion and β-cell function in vitamin D–insufficient individuals.
2x2 factorial RCT (n=243) testing vitamin D (1600 IU/day) ± calcium (500 mg/day) for 24 weeks in prediabetes; vitamin D + calcium improved insulin secretion and β-cell function in vitamin D–insufficient individuals.
Eight-week family web-based program (Family Nutriathlon) increased short-term dairy intake in children and parents but did not change fruit/vegetable intake or BMI vs general nutrition guidance.
Eight-week family web-based program (Family Nutriathlon) increased short-term dairy intake in children and parents but did not change fruit/vegetable intake or BMI vs general nutrition guidance.
Eight-week family web-based program (Family Nutriathlon) increased short-term dairy intake in children and parents but did not change fruit/vegetable intake or BMI vs general nutrition guidance.
Retrospective study (n=238) developing a nomogram predicting post-parathyroidectomy hypocalcemia using preoperative PTH, serum Ca, and ALP; internally validated with high AUC.
Retrospective study (n=238) developing a nomogram predicting post-parathyroidectomy hypocalcemia using preoperative PTH, serum Ca, and ALP; internally validated with high AUC.
Two-year RCT in premenopausal women found soy isoflavones reduced fibroglandular breast tissue and percent density; serum calcium modified some treatment effects.
Two-year RCT in premenopausal women found soy isoflavones reduced fibroglandular breast tissue and percent density; serum calcium modified some treatment effects.
Two-year RCT in premenopausal women found soy isoflavones reduced fibroglandular breast tissue and percent density; serum calcium modified some treatment effects.
RCT comparing MTA versus calcium hydroxide for pulp capping in deep caries (100 teeth in 73 patients) found no significant difference in pulp vitality through 24 months; both materials clinically acceptable.
Randomized trial in overweight women showed both weight-loss diets increased urine volume and reduced relative supersaturation of calcium oxalate over 12 weeks.
Randomized trial in overweight women showed both weight-loss diets increased urine volume and reduced relative supersaturation of calcium oxalate over 12 weeks.
In calcium stone formers, one week of tolvaptan increased urine volume, lowered urine osmolality and reduced urinary supersaturation of calcium-containing stones.
Randomized trial on post-orthodontic white spot lesions found BiominF (bioactive glass) produced greater lesion area reduction than Novamin and CPP-ACP (a calcium phosphate product).
Randomized trial on post-orthodontic white spot lesions found BiominF (bioactive glass) produced greater lesion area reduction than Novamin and CPP-ACP (a calcium phosphate product).
Adding platelet-rich products to beta-tricalcium phosphate graft did not increase new bone formation after sinus-floor augmentation.
Randomized trial in 45 patients (180 implants) comparing sinus floor elevation with different graft materials or no graft, assessing implant stability, success, and endo-sinus bone volume over 2 years.
Randomized clinical trial comparing SRSD vs SRFD for deep caries; use of calcium silicate-based material (CS) did not alter overall SRSD treatment success, and SRSD preserved pulp vitality better than SRFD at 2 years.
Randomized clinical trial comparing SRSD vs SRFD for deep caries; use of calcium silicate-based material (CS) did not alter overall SRSD treatment success, and SRSD preserved pulp vitality better than SRFD at 2 years.
Randomized clinical trial comparing SRSD vs SRFD for deep caries; use of calcium silicate-based material (CS) did not alter overall SRSD treatment success, and SRSD preserved pulp vitality better than SRFD at 2 years.
Randomized trial of preoperative calcitriol (0.25 µg/day for 1 week) in parathyroidectomy patients; calcitriol increased post-op calcium at 48 h and reduced symptomatic hypocalcemia and hospital stay.
Randomized trial of preoperative calcitriol (0.25 µg/day for 1 week) in parathyroidectomy patients; calcitriol increased post-op calcium at 48 h and reduced symptomatic hypocalcemia and hospital stay.
A single preoperative dose of dexamethasone reduced rates of postoperative hypocalcemia and voice dysfunction after total thyroidectomy.
Randomized trial of preoperative calcitriol (0.25 µg/day for 1 week) in parathyroidectomy patients; calcitriol increased post-op calcium at 48 h and reduced symptomatic hypocalcemia and hospital stay.
Randomized trial comparing three calcium silicate-based cements for pulpotomy; all caused measurable tooth discoloration, with MTA producing the highest rate of discoloration at 6 and 12 months.
Randomized trial comparing three calcium silicate-based cements for pulpotomy; all caused measurable tooth discoloration, with MTA producing the highest rate of discoloration at 6 and 12 months.
8-week randomized trial in vitamin D–deficient overweight/obese women with PCOS tested calcium, vitamin D, both, or placebo; co-supplementation improved some insulin and triglyceride measures.
High-dose caffeine (8 mg/kg) increased maximal strength in bench press, deadlift, and squat and raised plasma Ca2+ compared with placebo or lower dose.
High-dose caffeine (8 mg/kg) increased maximal strength in bench press, deadlift, and squat and raised plasma Ca2+ compared with placebo or lower dose.
High-dose caffeine (8 mg/kg) increased maximal strength in bench press, deadlift, and squat and raised plasma Ca2+ compared with placebo or lower dose.
High-dose caffeine (8 mg/kg) increased maximal strength in bench press, deadlift, and squat and raised plasma Ca2+ compared with placebo or lower dose.
Topical experimental gel containing calcium gluconate (plus other agents) applied before bleaching did not reduce risk or intensity of tooth sensitivity and did not affect whitening.
Topical experimental gel containing calcium gluconate (plus other agents) applied before bleaching did not reduce risk or intensity of tooth sensitivity and did not affect whitening.
Adding calcium to bleaching gel reduced transient tooth sensitivity; bleaching remained effective.
Topical experimental gel containing calcium gluconate (plus other agents) applied before bleaching did not reduce risk or intensity of tooth sensitivity and did not affect whitening.
One month of lipid‑based micronutrient supplementation improved anthropometry and energy intake but did not change plasma vitamin D or calcium levels.
One month of lipid‑based micronutrient supplementation improved anthropometry and energy intake but did not change plasma vitamin D or calcium levels.
Pre-planned sub-study of a randomized trial in OHCA patients with PEA: intravenous calcium chloride (5 mmol) given during resuscitation was associated with lower rates of ROSC and lower 30‑day survival compared with placebo, suggesting possible harm.
Pre-planned sub-study of a randomized trial in OHCA patients with PEA: intravenous calcium chloride (5 mmol) given during resuscitation was associated with lower rates of ROSC and lower 30‑day survival compared with placebo, suggesting possible harm.
In adults with out‑of‑hospital cardiac arrest, IV/IO calcium did not improve sustained return of spontaneous circulation and outcomes were numerically worse versus saline.
In hospitalized diabetic foot patients, lower blood calcium and albumin and higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were associated with worse 6-month outcomes (minor/major amputation or death).
Personalized vitamin D3 loading followed by 2000 IU/day raised 25(OH)D to sufficiency in CRC patients; no cases of hypervitaminosis D or hypercalcemia occurred, though transient hypercalciuria was observed in some patients after loading dose.
Retrospective single-center study of 401 hemodialysis patients developing a nomogram for hyperkalemia risk; lower serum calcium was independently associated with higher hyperkalemia risk.
Retrospective single-center study of 401 hemodialysis patients developing a nomogram for hyperkalemia risk; lower serum calcium was independently associated with higher hyperkalemia risk.
Prospective cohort comparing etelcalcetide-treated hemodialysis patients (n=71) to historical controls (n=132); etelcalcetide substantially lowered PTH and improved calcium/phosphate control and clinical outcomes (fewer fractures, parathyroidectomies, lower CV mortality proportion).
Prospective cohort comparing etelcalcetide-treated hemodialysis patients (n=71) to historical controls (n=132); etelcalcetide substantially lowered PTH and improved calcium/phosphate control and clinical outcomes (fewer fractures, parathyroidectomies, lower CV mortality proportion).
Prospective cohort comparing etelcalcetide-treated hemodialysis patients (n=71) to historical controls (n=132); etelcalcetide substantially lowered PTH and improved calcium/phosphate control and clinical outcomes (fewer fractures, parathyroidectomies, lower CV mortality proportion).
Single-center, single-blind RCT of Montage calcium phosphate bone putty vs wire cerclage alone after sternotomy (n=33 vs n=27): enhanced closure improved early physical recovery, quality of life, reduced incisional pain, improved respiratory recovery and shortened hospital stay.
Single-center, single-blind RCT of Montage calcium phosphate bone putty vs wire cerclage alone after sternotomy (n=33 vs n=27): enhanced closure improved early physical recovery, quality of life, reduced incisional pain, improved respiratory recovery and shortened hospital stay.
Single-center, single-blind RCT of Montage calcium phosphate bone putty vs wire cerclage alone after sternotomy (n=33 vs n=27): enhanced closure improved early physical recovery, quality of life, reduced incisional pain, improved respiratory recovery and shortened hospital stay.
Phase 3 randomized double-blind multicenter trial (84 randomized; 79 completed) of TransCon PTH vs placebo in chronic hypoparathyroidism: TransCon PTH maintained normocalcemia while enabling independence from active vitamin D and therapeutic calcium and improved patient-reported outcomes and urine calcium.
Phase 3 randomized double-blind multicenter trial (84 randomized; 79 completed) of TransCon PTH vs placebo in chronic hypoparathyroidism: TransCon PTH maintained normocalcemia while enabling independence from active vitamin D and therapeutic calcium and improved patient-reported outcomes and urine calcium.
Phase 3 randomized double-blind multicenter trial (84 randomized; 79 completed) of TransCon PTH vs placebo in chronic hypoparathyroidism: TransCon PTH maintained normocalcemia while enabling independence from active vitamin D and therapeutic calcium and improved patient-reported outcomes and urine calcium.
Model development/validation and retrospective cohort analysis showing patients on citrate-CVVH often have net negative calcium balance despite normal ionized calcium.
Model development/validation and retrospective cohort analysis showing patients on citrate-CVVH often have net negative calcium balance despite normal ionized calcium.
Model development/validation and retrospective cohort analysis showing patients on citrate-CVVH often have net negative calcium balance despite normal ionized calcium.
Model development/validation and retrospective cohort analysis showing patients on citrate-CVVH often have net negative calcium balance despite normal ionized calcium.
Randomized open study: single 120,000 IU oral vitamin D3 bolus in elderly increased multiple vitamin D metabolites without causing hypercalcemia.
Randomized open study: single 120,000 IU oral vitamin D3 bolus in elderly increased multiple vitamin D metabolites without causing hypercalcemia.
Randomized open study: single 120,000 IU oral vitamin D3 bolus in elderly increased multiple vitamin D metabolites without causing hypercalcemia.
In 373 older adults randomized to 400, 4,000, or 10,000 IU/day vitamin D, higher doses raised urine calcium excretion and caused rare mild transient hypercalcemia, while serum calcium and safety events were otherwise similar.
Randomized double-blind trial in postmenopausal women: high-dose vitamin D raised 25(OH)D and slightly increased calcium absorption but produced no changes in BMD, muscle function, or falls.
Denosumab reduced bone erosion and increased BMD; patients received calcium ≥600 mg/day and vitamin D and some denosumab regimens showed mild decreases in albumin‑adjusted serum calcium within normal range.
Randomized study in lactose-intolerant adults found milk fortified with inulin and vitamin D3 (and milk minerals) increased BMD at 6 weeks in the supplemented group, while other measures (calcium absorption, GI symptoms) showed non-significant changes.
Three-month randomized trial testing probiotic adjunct (Probio-M8) plus standard therapy (calcium + calcitriol) vs placebo plus standard therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis; probiotic co-administration improved biochemical markers of bone metabolism but not BMD at 3 months.
6-month pilot RCT in osteopenic breast cancer survivors found no added bone or performance benefit from adding home exercise to calcium + vitamin D supplements.
Three-month randomized trial testing probiotic adjunct (Probio-M8) plus standard therapy (calcium + calcitriol) vs placebo plus standard therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis; probiotic co-administration improved biochemical markers of bone metabolism but not BMD at 3 months.
Three-month randomized trial testing probiotic adjunct (Probio-M8) plus standard therapy (calcium + calcitriol) vs placebo plus standard therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis; probiotic co-administration improved biochemical markers of bone metabolism but not BMD at 3 months.
Three-month randomized trial testing probiotic adjunct (Probio-M8) plus standard therapy (calcium + calcitriol) vs placebo plus standard therapy in postmenopausal osteoporosis; probiotic co-administration improved biochemical markers of bone metabolism but not BMD at 3 months.
Randomized trial comparing particulate vs collagenated soft-block biphasic calcium phosphate for guided bone regeneration around implants; block group showed larger early contour gains but 1-year soft-tissue dimensional outcomes were similar between groups.
Randomized trial comparing particulate vs collagenated soft-block biphasic calcium phosphate for guided bone regeneration around implants; block group showed larger early contour gains but 1-year soft-tissue dimensional outcomes were similar between groups.
Randomized trial comparing particulate vs collagenated soft-block biphasic calcium phosphate for guided bone regeneration around implants; block group showed larger early contour gains but 1-year soft-tissue dimensional outcomes were similar between groups.
Randomized single-blind three-arm trial comparing f‑TCP-containing toothpaste (Clinpro), CPP-ACP varnish (MI Varnish), and home care for white spot lesion remineralization; both active agents outperformed control over 8 weeks.
Randomized single-blind three-arm trial comparing f‑TCP-containing toothpaste (Clinpro), CPP-ACP varnish (MI Varnish), and home care for white spot lesion remineralization; both active agents outperformed control over 8 weeks.
Randomized single-blind three-arm trial comparing f‑TCP-containing toothpaste (Clinpro), CPP-ACP varnish (MI Varnish), and home care for white spot lesion remineralization; both active agents outperformed control over 8 weeks.
Randomized single-blind three-arm trial comparing f‑TCP-containing toothpaste (Clinpro), CPP-ACP varnish (MI Varnish), and home care for white spot lesion remineralization; both active agents outperformed control over 8 weeks.
Switching dialysis acid from acetate to citrate lowered pre-dialysis ionic calcium and increased PTH, reduced hypotension, and increased lean mass index over 16 weeks.
Switching dialysis acid from acetate to citrate lowered pre-dialysis ionic calcium and increased PTH, reduced hypotension, and increased lean mass index over 16 weeks.
Switching dialysis acid from acetate to citrate lowered pre-dialysis ionic calcium and increased PTH, reduced hypotension, and increased lean mass index over 16 weeks.
In patients referred for AF ablation, there was no significant difference in AF inducibility between (R)- and (S)-propafenone; both active enantiomers increased atrial flutter versus placebo.
In patients referred for AF ablation, there was no significant difference in AF inducibility between (R)- and (S)-propafenone; both active enantiomers increased atrial flutter versus placebo.
One-visit RCT with final 2% CHX rinse produced similar postoperative pain and radiographic healing to two-visit treatment with calcium hydroxide dressing.
Atorvastatin 20 mg/day modestly reduced corrected serum calcium at 12 weeks in lithium users compared to placebo.
A 4-month RCT sending weekly SMS to caregivers increased some infant nutrient intakes; infants in the SMS feeding-practices group had higher protein, calcium, zinc and grain intake at 4–6 months.
A 4-month RCT sending weekly SMS to caregivers increased some infant nutrient intakes; infants in the SMS feeding-practices group had higher protein, calcium, zinc and grain intake at 4–6 months.
A 4-month RCT sending weekly SMS to caregivers increased some infant nutrient intakes; infants in the SMS feeding-practices group had higher protein, calcium, zinc and grain intake at 4–6 months.
Double-blind RCT testing personalized Mg supplementation to optimize Ca:Mg intake ratio (~2.3) showing increased circulating medium-chain fatty acids (C7:0, C8:0) and microbiome changes.
Double-blind RCT testing personalized Mg supplementation to optimize Ca:Mg intake ratio (~2.3) showing increased circulating medium-chain fatty acids (C7:0, C8:0) and microbiome changes.
Double-blind RCT testing personalized Mg supplementation to optimize Ca:Mg intake ratio (~2.3) showing increased circulating medium-chain fatty acids (C7:0, C8:0) and microbiome changes.
In dialysis patients ferric citrate achieved similar phosphorus control and produced similar changes in serum calcium and PTH compared with sevelamer and/or calcium acetate over 52 weeks.
In hemodialysis patients, dialysate calcium 2.5 vs 3.0 mEq/L did not significantly change cardiovascular events or mortality; alfacalcidol produced a short-term rise in serum calcium and a short-term fall in PTH.
In hemodialysis patients, dialysate calcium 2.5 vs 3.0 mEq/L did not significantly change cardiovascular events or mortality; alfacalcidol produced a short-term rise in serum calcium and a short-term fall in PTH.
Among hemodialysis patients at risk of vascular calcification, treatment with calcium carbonate did not delay or accelerate coronary artery calcification progression compared with a non-calcium binder (lanthanum) over 2 years.
Randomized trial testing a smartphone app to improve adherence to prescribed supplements (including calcium/vitamin D) after bariatric surgery: the app did not improve objective pharmacy-based adherence or biochemical deficiency rates at 1 year.
Randomized trial testing a smartphone app to improve adherence to prescribed supplements (including calcium/vitamin D) after bariatric surgery: the app did not improve objective pharmacy-based adherence or biochemical deficiency rates at 1 year.
Split-mouth RCT in orthodontic patients: a calcium fluoride nanoparticle-containing primer reduced tooth demineralization scores over 6 months and lowered S. mutans at 1 month but did not change white-spot lesion incidence after appliance removal.
Split-mouth RCT in orthodontic patients: a calcium fluoride nanoparticle-containing primer reduced tooth demineralization scores over 6 months and lowered S. mutans at 1 month but did not change white-spot lesion incidence after appliance removal.
Split-mouth RCT in orthodontic patients: a calcium fluoride nanoparticle-containing primer reduced tooth demineralization scores over 6 months and lowered S. mutans at 1 month but did not change white-spot lesion incidence after appliance removal.
12-week randomized trial in Chinese adults at risk of malnutrition: daily oral nutrition supplement increased weight, anthropometric measures, and multiple nutrient intakes.
Post-hoc analysis of a large hemodialysis RCT: low-dose oral alfacalcidol did not significantly change cardiovascular events or mortality and ALP did not modify effects.
Randomized pilot study: 3-month phytate (calcium–magnesium InsP6) supplementation reduced urinary calcium excretion and serum bone resorption marker compared with no treatment.
Randomized pilot study: 3-month phytate (calcium–magnesium InsP6) supplementation reduced urinary calcium excretion and serum bone resorption marker compared with no treatment.
24-week randomized multicenter trial: telmisartan+rosuvastatin preserved beta-cell function, lowered fasting glucose and reduced new-onset diabetes risk versus amlodipine+rosuvastatin, without significant HOMA-IR difference.
In 104 overweight, vitamin D–deficient women with PCOS, 8 weeks of calcium plus vitamin D improved several inflammation and oxidative-stress biomarkers compared with placebo.
Crossover RCT (64 completers) where 1 L/day of mineral water (bicarbonated vs low-mineral) for 8 weeks reduced LDL and fasting glucose; bicarbonated water increased urine pH and decreased urinary calcium/creatinine ratio.
24-week randomized multicenter trial: telmisartan+rosuvastatin preserved beta-cell function, lowered fasting glucose and reduced new-onset diabetes risk versus amlodipine+rosuvastatin, without significant HOMA-IR difference.
24-week randomized multicenter trial: telmisartan+rosuvastatin preserved beta-cell function, lowered fasting glucose and reduced new-onset diabetes risk versus amlodipine+rosuvastatin, without significant HOMA-IR difference.
Post-hoc cohort analysis: dietary magnesium and potassium intake were associated with fewer OA symptoms, better quality of life, and greater muscle strength; dietary calcium showed no significant associations with OA outcomes.
Post-hoc cohort analysis: dietary magnesium and potassium intake were associated with fewer OA symptoms, better quality of life, and greater muscle strength; dietary calcium showed no significant associations with OA outcomes.
Post-hoc cohort analysis: dietary magnesium and potassium intake were associated with fewer OA symptoms, better quality of life, and greater muscle strength; dietary calcium showed no significant associations with OA outcomes.
Intravenous calcium gluconate given after spinal anaesthesia in cesarean patients had small effects on maternal hemodynamics and improved some neonatal blood-gas measures but did not significantly prevent hypotension.
Intravenous calcium gluconate given after spinal anaesthesia in cesarean patients had small effects on maternal hemodynamics and improved some neonatal blood-gas measures but did not significantly prevent hypotension.
Intravenous calcium gluconate given after spinal anaesthesia in cesarean patients had small effects on maternal hemodynamics and improved some neonatal blood-gas measures but did not significantly prevent hypotension.
In haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, etelcalcetide treatment reduced FGF23; when hypocalcaemia was corrected with oral calcium (vs active vitamin D), greater suppression of FGF23 and of calciprotein particles was observed at 12 weeks.
In advanced pre-dialysis CKD patients, sevelamer reduced serum p-cresyl sulfate and LDL-cholesterol versus calcium carbonate over 24 weeks; indoxyl sulfate did not change.
In a controlled crossover trial, potassium supplementation lowered FGF23 and fractional calcium excretion and increased plasma phosphate/TmP-GFR; sodium supplementation also lowered FGF23 but increased urinary (and fractional) calcium excretion.
Intranasal sodium gluconate (a calcium-chelating agent) reduced nasal calcium and was associated with improved sense of smell one month after treatment in post‑COVID patients.
Oral cancer patients randomized to professional nutritional support (including individualized micronutrient supplements such as calcium tablets when indicated) lost less weight and had more stable lab values including calcium compared with standard care.
A 3-month post-discharge individualized nutritional program (including vitamin D3/calcium supplement among other components) did not improve 1- or 4-year survival versus usual care despite earlier short-term functional benefits.
Giving intravenous calcium during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest reduced 1-year survival and favorable neurological outcomes compared with placebo.
Giving intravenous calcium during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest reduced 1-year survival and favorable neurological outcomes compared with placebo.
Giving intravenous calcium during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest reduced 1-year survival and favorable neurological outcomes compared with placebo.
In menopausal women, presence or progression of coronary artery calcium was associated with greater bone mineral density loss; menopausal hormone therapy (o-CEE or t-E2) reduced progression of bone loss.
In menopausal women, presence or progression of coronary artery calcium was associated with greater bone mineral density loss; menopausal hormone therapy (o-CEE or t-E2) reduced progression of bone loss.
Using near-infrared autofluorescence during thyroidectomy modestly lowered early postoperative hypoparathyroidism rates but differences were not statistically significant in this small trial.
Using near-infrared autofluorescence during thyroidectomy modestly lowered early postoperative hypoparathyroidism rates but differences were not statistically significant in this small trial.
Using near-infrared autofluorescence during thyroidectomy modestly lowered early postoperative hypoparathyroidism rates but differences were not statistically significant in this small trial.
Daily 1200 IU vitamin D prevented wintertime vitamin D deficiency but did not change hand grip strength or major hormone levels in young male conscripts.
Adding Clostridium butyricum to rosuvastatin in NAFLD patients improved gut microbiota composition and reduced lipids, liver enzymes, fibrosis markers and inflammatory cytokines compared with rosuvastatin alone.
Adding Clostridium butyricum to rosuvastatin in NAFLD patients improved gut microbiota composition and reduced lipids, liver enzymes, fibrosis markers and inflammatory cytokines compared with rosuvastatin alone.
Adding Clostridium butyricum to rosuvastatin in NAFLD patients improved gut microbiota composition and reduced lipids, liver enzymes, fibrosis markers and inflammatory cytokines compared with rosuvastatin alone.
Pulpotomy using calcium-enriched mixture or MTA resulted in better one-year periapical healing than root canal therapy in symptomatic immature permanent molars.
Pulpotomy using calcium-enriched mixture or MTA resulted in better one-year periapical healing than root canal therapy in symptomatic immature permanent molars.
Randomized trial substudy measured maternal and infant calcium and phosphate during pregnancy and after birth; found calcium levels unchanged and small decreases in phosphate with TDF exposure.
Randomized trial substudy measured maternal and infant calcium and phosphate during pregnancy and after birth; found calcium levels unchanged and small decreases in phosphate with TDF exposure.
Randomized trial substudy measured maternal and infant calcium and phosphate during pregnancy and after birth; found calcium levels unchanged and small decreases in phosphate with TDF exposure.
Dental RCT comparing garlic, calcium hydroxide, and their combo as root canal medicaments; garlic outperformed calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis.
Dental RCT comparing garlic, calcium hydroxide, and their combo as root canal medicaments; garlic outperformed calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis.
Dental RCT comparing garlic, calcium hydroxide, and their combo as root canal medicaments; garlic outperformed calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis.
Children with MIH received calcium glycerophosphate, CPP-ACFP, or fluoride toothpaste; lesions improved over time in all groups with no clear between-group differences.
Children with MIH received calcium glycerophosphate, CPP-ACFP, or fluoride toothpaste; lesions improved over time in all groups with no clear between-group differences.
Two-year RCT comparing tricalcium silicate paste to CPP-ACP and SDF-KI for early enamel lesions; TCS and CPP-ACP produced significant remineralization at 24 months.
Randomized trial in children evaluating calcium hydroxide versus MTA for direct pulp capping; MTA after hemorrhage control gave more predictable outcomes and ferric sulfate + calcium hydroxide increased internal resorption risk.
Randomized trial in children evaluating calcium hydroxide versus MTA for direct pulp capping; MTA after hemorrhage control gave more predictable outcomes and ferric sulfate + calcium hydroxide increased internal resorption risk.
Randomized trial in children evaluating calcium hydroxide versus MTA for direct pulp capping; MTA after hemorrhage control gave more predictable outcomes and ferric sulfate + calcium hydroxide increased internal resorption risk.
Randomized trial in calcium oxalate stone formers showing bicarbonate-rich mineral water increased urine volume, magnesium, citrate and urine pH versus plain water over 12 weeks, but did not change urinary oxalate or Tiselius index.
Randomized trial in calcium oxalate stone formers showing bicarbonate-rich mineral water increased urine volume, magnesium, citrate and urine pH versus plain water over 12 weeks, but did not change urinary oxalate or Tiselius index.
Phase I/II randomized placebo‑controlled study of IV upacicalcet (a calcimimetic) in dialysis patients showing dose‑dependent plasma exposure, rapid dose‑dependent decreases in serum intact PTH and subsequent decreases in corrected calcium, and substantial dialysis removal.
Phase I/II randomized placebo‑controlled study of IV upacicalcet (a calcimimetic) in dialysis patients showing dose‑dependent plasma exposure, rapid dose‑dependent decreases in serum intact PTH and subsequent decreases in corrected calcium, and substantial dialysis removal.
Phase I/II randomized placebo‑controlled study of IV upacicalcet (a calcimimetic) in dialysis patients showing dose‑dependent plasma exposure, rapid dose‑dependent decreases in serum intact PTH and subsequent decreases in corrected calcium, and substantial dialysis removal.
Five days of low energy availability increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation in women but not in men.
Pregnant women in an individualized high-dairy-protein diet plus walking program had higher dietary calcium and protein intakes which was associated with reduced bone resorption and preserved bone formation during pregnancy and postpartum.
In men receiving ADT, a 12-month exercise program plus daily protein, vitamin D and calcium supplementation did not produce significant between-group improvements in objective cognitive function compared with usual care.
In men receiving ADT, a 12-month exercise program plus daily protein, vitamin D and calcium supplementation did not produce significant between-group improvements in objective cognitive function compared with usual care.
In men receiving ADT, a 12-month exercise program plus daily protein, vitamin D and calcium supplementation did not produce significant between-group improvements in objective cognitive function compared with usual care.
In haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, etelcalcetide treatment reduced FGF23; when hypocalcaemia was corrected with oral calcium (vs active vitamin D), greater suppression of FGF23 and of calciprotein particles was observed at 12 weeks.
Higher vitamin D doses increased blood vitamin D and were safe with no calcium toxicity; 800 IU/day corrected deficiency by day 14.
In obese adults with vitamin D deficiency, adding high-dose weekly vitamin D to a weight-loss diet raised vitamin D levels and reduced PTH, inflammatory markers, and fat mass.
6-month randomized placebo-controlled trial of combined calcium+vitamin D in vitamin D–deficient adults at risk for type 2 diabetes found no overall improvement in insulin secretion/sensitivity, though a prediabetes subgroup showed improved insulin sensitivity.
A 13-week vitamin D, calcium and leucine-enriched whey protein supplement increased 25(OH)D, suppressed PTH and produced small but positive increases in total-body BMD.
Higher vitamin D doses increased blood vitamin D and were safe with no calcium toxicity; 800 IU/day corrected deficiency by day 14.
Higher vitamin D doses increased blood vitamin D and were safe with no calcium toxicity; 800 IU/day corrected deficiency by day 14.
In primary molar pulpotomies, choice of base material (including calcium hydroxide) did not change clinical or radiographic success rates over 2 years.
In primary endodontic infections, intracanal medications with Ca(OH)2+2% CHX gel or NAC showed broader antimicrobial activity than Ca(OH)2+saline; NAC eliminated several species resistant to Ca(OH)2 regimens.
In primary endodontic infections, intracanal medications with Ca(OH)2+2% CHX gel or NAC showed broader antimicrobial activity than Ca(OH)2+saline; NAC eliminated several species resistant to Ca(OH)2 regimens.
In primary endodontic infections, intracanal medications with Ca(OH)2+2% CHX gel or NAC showed broader antimicrobial activity than Ca(OH)2+saline; NAC eliminated several species resistant to Ca(OH)2 regimens.
In children with hypocalcemic seizures, oral elemental calcium given for 48 h was as effective as intravenous calcium for preventing early seizure recurrence and restoring serum calcium.
In children with hypocalcemic seizures, oral elemental calcium given for 48 h was as effective as intravenous calcium for preventing early seizure recurrence and restoring serum calcium.
In children with hypocalcemic seizures, oral elemental calcium given for 48 h was as effective as intravenous calcium for preventing early seizure recurrence and restoring serum calcium.
Feasibility RCT protocol: a musculoskeletal health package (MHP) including calcium 1000 mg/day + vitamin D is offered to medium/high fracture-risk women undergoing pelvic radiotherapy; primary aim is feasibility, not efficacy.
Randomized trial in septic shock patients comparing 0.9% NaCl, Ringer, and an acetate-sodium-potassium-magnesium-calcium-glucose solution; 0.9% NaCl caused more hyperchloraemia and lower serum Ca2+ early after resuscitation.
In 100 severe sepsis patients, adding Xuebijing to CVVH was associated with higher post-treatment serum Ca2+ and better clinical outcomes versus CVVH alone.
In 100 severe sepsis patients, adding Xuebijing to CVVH was associated with higher post-treatment serum Ca2+ and better clinical outcomes versus CVVH alone.
In patients with lung cancer and bone metastases, adding zoledronic acid to treatment reduced serum calcium, pain, inflammation and improved quality-of-life and immune markers compared with control.
In 77 adults undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, anesthetic technique influenced short-term PTH and ionized calcium: sevoflurane raised PTH at 30 min; TIVA showed higher ionized calcium at 30 min versus sevoflurane.
In 77 adults undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, anesthetic technique influenced short-term PTH and ionized calcium: sevoflurane raised PTH at 30 min; TIVA showed higher ionized calcium at 30 min versus sevoflurane.
Retrospective ICU cohort analysis (n=1295) developed a nomogram predicting sepsis in acute pancreatitis; lower serum calcium was an independent protective factor (higher calcium → lower sepsis risk).
In low-calcium-consuming young adult women, adding ~770 mg/day calcium (from calcium citrate or skim milk) for 45 days reduced serum urate (~14% for calcium citrate, ~17% for skim milk) without affecting PTH or vitamin D.
In low-calcium-consuming young adult women, adding ~770 mg/day calcium (from calcium citrate or skim milk) for 45 days reduced serum urate (~14% for calcium citrate, ~17% for skim milk) without affecting PTH or vitamin D.
In low-calcium-consuming young adult women, adding ~770 mg/day calcium (from calcium citrate or skim milk) for 45 days reduced serum urate (~14% for calcium citrate, ~17% for skim milk) without affecting PTH or vitamin D.
Intranasal NTA reduced nasal mucus calcium and markedly improved sense of smell in COVID-19 patients.
Intranasal NTA reduced nasal mucus calcium and markedly improved sense of smell in COVID-19 patients.
In this cohort, pregnant women frequently did not meet recommended micronutrient intakes, including calcium, across trimesters.
Three weeks of amorphous calcium carbonate produced mixed results: possible attenuation of performance decline and reduced upper-body soreness but no clear reduction in inflammation or muscle damage markers.
Three weeks of amorphous calcium carbonate produced mixed results: possible attenuation of performance decline and reduced upper-body soreness but no clear reduction in inflammation or muscle damage markers.
Three weeks of amorphous calcium carbonate produced mixed results: possible attenuation of performance decline and reduced upper-body soreness but no clear reduction in inflammation or muscle damage markers.
In hypertensive postmenopausal women, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation was associated with an increase in 24-h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure over 8 weeks.
In hypertensive postmenopausal women, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation was associated with an increase in 24-h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure over 8 weeks.
In hypertensive postmenopausal women, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation was associated with an increase in 24-h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure over 8 weeks.
In haemodialysis patients, higher markers of cholesterol absorption were linked to greater risk of cardiovascular death; cholesterol synthesis markers showed the opposite association.
In haemodialysis patients, higher markers of cholesterol absorption were linked to greater risk of cardiovascular death; cholesterol synthesis markers showed the opposite association.
In haemodialysis patients, higher markers of cholesterol absorption were linked to greater risk of cardiovascular death; cholesterol synthesis markers showed the opposite association.
In vitamin D–deficient community adults, vitamin D with or without calcium showed no clear clinical benefit over placebo at 6 months, though combined vitamin D+calcium reduced PTH and increased urine Ca/Cr in adherent subjects.
In retreatment of single-rooted teeth with periapical lesions, single-visit and two-visit approaches (two-visit used calcium hydroxide interappointment dressing) had similar healing outcomes at 24 months.
In retreatment of single-rooted teeth with periapical lesions, single-visit and two-visit approaches (two-visit used calcium hydroxide interappointment dressing) had similar healing outcomes at 24 months.
In chronic postsurgical hypoparathyroidism, calcium citrate was as effective as calcium carbonate at maintaining serum calcium, reduced urinary oxalate excretion, and caused less constipation.
Phase 1 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of TransCon PTH showing dose-dependent increases in serum calcium with maintained urinary calcium excretion and increased renal phosphate excretion.
In chronic postsurgical hypoparathyroidism, calcium citrate was as effective as calcium carbonate at maintaining serum calcium, reduced urinary oxalate excretion, and caused less constipation.
In chronic postsurgical hypoparathyroidism, calcium citrate was as effective as calcium carbonate at maintaining serum calcium, reduced urinary oxalate excretion, and caused less constipation.
Using calcium phosphosilicate (CPS) bone grafts (with or without PRF) after tooth extraction reduced horizontal bone loss and maintained bone density at 6 months.
Using calcium phosphosilicate (CPS) bone grafts (with or without PRF) after tooth extraction reduced horizontal bone loss and maintained bone density at 6 months.
Using calcium phosphosilicate (CPS) bone grafts (with or without PRF) after tooth extraction reduced horizontal bone loss and maintained bone density at 6 months.
Adding systematic diet education and multidisciplinary nursing improved nutrition, lowered serum phosphorus and Ca×P product, and reduced anxiety in DKD patients on alogliptin.
Adding systematic diet education and multidisciplinary nursing improved nutrition, lowered serum phosphorus and Ca×P product, and reduced anxiety in DKD patients on alogliptin.
Randomized study in hemodialysis patients (105 completers) showing that adding rhubarb to medicinal activated carbon reduced serum phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product, and PTH over 8 weeks.
Both CPP-ACP (a calcium‑containing remineralizing agent) and resin infiltration reduced white spot lesion area and improved lesion color over 12 months.
Both CPP-ACP (a calcium‑containing remineralizing agent) and resin infiltration reduced white spot lesion area and improved lesion color over 12 months.
Post hoc analysis of two large phase‑3 trials showing romosozumab increased bone mineral density and reduced vertebral fractures across kidney function categories; hypocalcemia events were rare.
Post hoc analysis of two large phase‑3 trials showing romosozumab increased bone mineral density and reduced vertebral fractures across kidney function categories; hypocalcemia events were rare.
In osteoporosis patients given denosumab plus vitamin D and calcium supplements, supplementation raised 25(OH)D to sufficiency and denosumab increased BMD and reduced vertebral fracture risk versus placebo irrespective of baseline vitamin D status.
Post hoc analysis of two large phase‑3 trials showing romosozumab increased bone mineral density and reduced vertebral fractures across kidney function categories; hypocalcemia events were rare.
Pilot double‑blind RCT (n=40) found 1 g IV calcium chloride at cord clamping raised ionized calcium and was well tolerated; uterine atony occurred less frequently in calcium group (20% vs 50%) though result was not statistically significant.
One week of cinacalcet (30 mg/day) lowered blood calcium and PTH but did not significantly change arterial stiffness or heart function in hemodialysis patients.
In women with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy (which corrects hypercalcemia) reduced premature heart beats and normalized QTc on 24-h ECG.
Pilot double‑blind RCT (n=40) found 1 g IV calcium chloride at cord clamping raised ionized calcium and was well tolerated; uterine atony occurred less frequently in calcium group (20% vs 50%) though result was not statistically significant.
Pilot double‑blind RCT (n=40) found 1 g IV calcium chloride at cord clamping raised ionized calcium and was well tolerated; uterine atony occurred less frequently in calcium group (20% vs 50%) though result was not statistically significant.
A multimodal nutrition protocol around knee replacement reduced albumin transfusions, electrolyte disorders including low calcium on day 1, and shortened hospital stay.
Double-blind RCT testing a cuttlebone-derived aragonite toothpaste versus a commercial tartar-control toothpaste; aragonite reduced supragingival calculus and improved gingival inflammation and patient satisfaction over 9 months.
Double-blind RCT testing a cuttlebone-derived aragonite toothpaste versus a commercial tartar-control toothpaste; aragonite reduced supragingival calculus and improved gingival inflammation and patient satisfaction over 9 months.
Double-blind RCT testing a cuttlebone-derived aragonite toothpaste versus a commercial tartar-control toothpaste; aragonite reduced supragingival calculus and improved gingival inflammation and patient satisfaction over 9 months.
Randomized 3-week crossover in young women showed that daily synbiotic yogurt (inulin + L. rhamnosus GG) increased fractional calcium absorption versus control in a majority of participants using a 42Ca tracer.
Randomized 3-week crossover in young women showed that daily synbiotic yogurt (inulin + L. rhamnosus GG) increased fractional calcium absorption versus control in a majority of participants using a 42Ca tracer.
Randomized 3-week crossover in young women showed that daily synbiotic yogurt (inulin + L. rhamnosus GG) increased fractional calcium absorption versus control in a majority of participants using a 42Ca tracer.
Non-blinded randomized study in chronic renal failure patients comparing high-flux hemodialysis versus conventional hemodiafiltration: high-flux dialysis was associated with greater reductions in inflammatory markers, improved antioxidant indices, better immune cell markers and improved calcium/phosphorus balance.
Non-blinded randomized study in chronic renal failure patients comparing high-flux hemodialysis versus conventional hemodiafiltration: high-flux dialysis was associated with greater reductions in inflammatory markers, improved antioxidant indices, better immune cell markers and improved calcium/phosphorus balance.
Non-blinded randomized study in chronic renal failure patients comparing high-flux hemodialysis versus conventional hemodiafiltration: high-flux dialysis was associated with greater reductions in inflammatory markers, improved antioxidant indices, better immune cell markers and improved calcium/phosphorus balance.
In a 6‑month weight‑loss RCT, calcium + vitamin D supplements or increased low‑fat dairy produced greater improvements in some cardiometabolic markers (blood pressure, lipid fractions, 25(OH)D and PTH) than hypocaloric diet alone.
In a 6‑month weight‑loss RCT, calcium + vitamin D supplements or increased low‑fat dairy produced greater improvements in some cardiometabolic markers (blood pressure, lipid fractions, 25(OH)D and PTH) than hypocaloric diet alone.
In a 6‑month weight‑loss RCT, calcium + vitamin D supplements or increased low‑fat dairy produced greater improvements in some cardiometabolic markers (blood pressure, lipid fractions, 25(OH)D and PTH) than hypocaloric diet alone.
In 22 children with MIH, topical CPP-ACFP and calcium glycerophosphate reduced enamel hypomineralization over 3 months as measured by laser fluorescence.
In 22 children with MIH, topical CPP-ACFP and calcium glycerophosphate reduced enamel hypomineralization over 3 months as measured by laser fluorescence.
Pre-IVF serum Ca and Mg (expressed as Ca/Mg ratio) were analyzed: a higher baseline Ca/Mg ratio was associated with higher biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates and higher (trend) live birth rates.
Pre-IVF serum Ca and Mg (expressed as Ca/Mg ratio) were analyzed: a higher baseline Ca/Mg ratio was associated with higher biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates and higher (trend) live birth rates.
Pre-IVF serum Ca and Mg (expressed as Ca/Mg ratio) were analyzed: a higher baseline Ca/Mg ratio was associated with higher biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates and higher (trend) live birth rates.
Exploratory analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial in CKD stage 3b–4: lanthanum carbonate did not significantly change serum primary (CPP-I) or secondary (CPP-II) calciprotein particle levels over 96 weeks.
Exploratory analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial in CKD stage 3b–4: lanthanum carbonate did not significantly change serum primary (CPP-I) or secondary (CPP-II) calciprotein particle levels over 96 weeks.
Exploratory analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial in CKD stage 3b–4: lanthanum carbonate did not significantly change serum primary (CPP-I) or secondary (CPP-II) calciprotein particle levels over 96 weeks.
Randomized trial in 40 patients comparing soft-block biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP+collagen) versus particulate BCP for peri-implant defects; no significant difference in augmented hard‑tissue horizontal dimension at 6 months.
In dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, evocalcet reduced PTH and FGF23 and, when combined with IV VDRA, improved corrected-calcium target attainment and reduced hypocalcemia incidence.
In dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, evocalcet reduced PTH and FGF23 and, when combined with IV VDRA, improved corrected-calcium target attainment and reduced hypocalcemia incidence.
In dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, evocalcet reduced PTH and FGF23 and, when combined with IV VDRA, improved corrected-calcium target attainment and reduced hypocalcemia incidence.
In-office tooth bleaching patients given desensitizing gels/pastes (including a nanostructured calcium phosphate paste) did not experience meaningful reductions in bleaching sensitivity nor change in color outcome.
In-office tooth bleaching patients given desensitizing gels/pastes (including a nanostructured calcium phosphate paste) did not experience meaningful reductions in bleaching sensitivity nor change in color outcome.
Randomized clinical comparison of two calcium-based dental capping materials (iRoot vs MTA) in pulpotomy; both showed high success and similar effectiveness at 12 months.
Split-mouth randomized trial in 46 children comparing TheraCal vs MTA for direct pulp capping; after 12 months both materials showed high and similar success rates.
Randomized clinical comparison of two calcium-based dental capping materials (iRoot vs MTA) in pulpotomy; both showed high success and similar effectiveness at 12 months.
Randomized clinical comparison of two calcium-based dental capping materials (iRoot vs MTA) in pulpotomy; both showed high success and similar effectiveness at 12 months.
Full pulpotomy using three calcium silicate materials gave high 1-year success and rapid pain relief in symptomatic permanent molars.
Full pulpotomy using three calcium silicate materials gave high 1-year success and rapid pain relief in symptomatic permanent molars.
Full pulpotomy using three calcium silicate materials gave high 1-year success and rapid pain relief in symptomatic permanent molars.
Mirabegron and tamsulosin increased stone expulsion rates compared with analgesic-only, with differences in mean expulsion time among groups.
Mirabegron and tamsulosin increased stone expulsion rates compared with analgesic-only, with differences in mean expulsion time among groups.
Six days of sodium phosphate in trained cyclists slightly increased submaximal work (lactate threshold) and raised serum phosphate but did not change serum calcium or overall VO2max; some individuals (responders) showed larger aerobic improvements.
Six days of sodium phosphate in trained cyclists slightly increased submaximal work (lactate threshold) and raised serum phosphate but did not change serum calcium or overall VO2max; some individuals (responders) showed larger aerobic improvements.
Motivational interviewing increased dairy intake; in female adolescents who consumed ≥4 dairy servings/day for 12 months, total hip BMD increased more than controls, whereas males showed no DXA bone benefits.
In preterm infants, a higher-protein formula with modified fat blend improved weight gain and was safe; some bone-mineral biomarkers (plasma phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, urinary calcium/phosphorus ratio) differed between formulas but remained within normal ranges.
In preterm infants, a higher-protein formula with modified fat blend improved weight gain and was safe; some bone-mineral biomarkers (plasma phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, urinary calcium/phosphorus ratio) differed between formulas but remained within normal ranges.
In preterm infants, a higher-protein formula with modified fat blend improved weight gain and was safe; some bone-mineral biomarkers (plasma phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, urinary calcium/phosphorus ratio) differed between formulas but remained within normal ranges.
Long BPL RYGB led to faster and greater weight loss and better diabetes/dyslipidaemia control; it produced lower serum calcium and hemoglobin and higher PTH compared with standard RYGB, but values remained within normal range.
Long BPL RYGB led to faster and greater weight loss and better diabetes/dyslipidaemia control; it produced lower serum calcium and hemoglobin and higher PTH compared with standard RYGB, but values remained within normal range.
Adding collagen peptides to calcium + vitamin D for 12 months increased trabecular bone mass and vBMD at the tibia, prevented spine aBMD decline, and reduced bone turnover versus calcium + vitamin D alone.
Adding collagen peptides to calcium + vitamin D for 12 months increased trabecular bone mass and vBMD at the tibia, prevented spine aBMD decline, and reduced bone turnover versus calcium + vitamin D alone.
A controlled crossover feeding study found K-gluconate supplementation lowered urinary calcium excretion and increased urinary pH versus control, but did not produce significant differences in net calcium retention or % absorption.
A controlled crossover feeding study found K-gluconate supplementation lowered urinary calcium excretion and increased urinary pH versus control, but did not produce significant differences in net calcium retention or % absorption.
Randomized ICU trial comparing high vs low citrate dose during CVVH and measured calcium/magnesium balance and PTH/vitamin D over 24 h.
Randomized ICU trial comparing high vs low citrate dose during CVVH and measured calcium/magnesium balance and PTH/vitamin D over 24 h.
Randomized ICU trial comparing high vs low citrate dose during CVVH and measured calcium/magnesium balance and PTH/vitamin D over 24 h.
Pregnant women randomized to 1000 vs 2000 IU/day vitamin D: 2000 IU improved maternal 25(OH)D more, but glycemic, lipid and oxidative stress markers were similar; small decreases in maternal serum calcium occurred in both groups.
After parathyroidectomy patients received standard postoperative calcium; auricular plaster plus calcium improved quality of life more than calcium carbonate alone.
Randomized double-blind trial of daily Ca+D vs placebo during 8 weeks of military training measuring bone markers and tibial microarchitecture.
Randomized double-blind trial of daily Ca+D vs placebo during 8 weeks of military training measuring bone markers and tibial microarchitecture.
In patients with lung cancer and bone metastases, adding zoledronic acid to treatment reduced serum calcium, pain, inflammation and improved quality-of-life and immune markers compared with control.
Stentoplasty using resorbable calcium-salt bone fillers in older adults with a single vertebral compression fracture reduced pain and disability and promoted bone formation over 3 years, with slight early loss of restored vertebral height.
In a multicenter randomized trial, a biphasic synthetic bone filler (60% calcium sulfate/40% hydroxyapatite) was noninferior to autologous iliac bone graft for patient-reported physical function and pain at 26 weeks, with lower early postoperative pain and less intraoperative blood loss.
In a randomized feasibility trial, using coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring to guide statin recommendations reclassified many patients and led to fewer statin recommendations but higher physician acceptance and greater patient adherence compared with PCE-based guidance.
In a randomized feasibility trial, using coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring to guide statin recommendations reclassified many patients and led to fewer statin recommendations but higher physician acceptance and greater patient adherence compared with PCE-based guidance.
In a randomized feasibility trial, using coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring to guide statin recommendations reclassified many patients and led to fewer statin recommendations but higher physician acceptance and greater patient adherence compared with PCE-based guidance.
Tricalcium silicate pulpotomy in primary molars showed high long-term success, slightly higher than formocresol but not statistically significant.
In adults with carious pulp exposures, full pulpotomy with calcium‑containing biomaterials (MTA/CEM) produced similar 2‑year clinical/radiographic success to root canal therapy.
In adults with carious pulp exposures, full pulpotomy with calcium‑containing biomaterials (MTA/CEM) produced similar 2‑year clinical/radiographic success to root canal therapy.
Pilot RCT suggests antenatal installation of ion-exchange water softeners (reduced household calcium hardness) may lower infant eczema incidence at 6 months but study was small and not powered for efficacy.
Pilot RCT suggests antenatal installation of ion-exchange water softeners (reduced household calcium hardness) may lower infant eczema incidence at 6 months but study was small and not powered for efficacy.
In this cohort, maternal dietary calcium intake and pregnancy bone resorption were not associated with offspring whole‑body BMD at age 5 years.
In adults with out‑of‑hospital cardiac arrest, IV/IO calcium did not improve sustained return of spontaneous circulation and outcomes were numerically worse versus saline.
In adults with out‑of‑hospital cardiac arrest, IV/IO calcium did not improve sustained return of spontaneous circulation and outcomes were numerically worse versus saline.
In children with MIH defects, remineralization agents (including calcium‑ and phosphate‑containing pastes) increased remineralization rates over 24 months with no significant differences between agents overall.
Injection of calcium hydroxylapatite filler safely improved jawline contour compared with no treatment.
Injection of calcium hydroxylapatite filler safely improved jawline contour compared with no treatment.
Etelcalcetide given thrice-weekly reduced parathyroid hormone and maintained corrected serum calcium in hemodialysis patients.
Intensive neurorehabilitation improved mood and function in poststroke patients; vitamin D supplementation showed additional biochemical and some clinical changes.
Intensive neurorehabilitation improved mood and function in poststroke patients; vitamin D supplementation showed additional biochemical and some clinical changes.
Single doses of 1000 mg calcium from milk or calcium carbonate acutely suppressed bone resorption (CTX-1) and lowered PTH in postmenopausal women, regardless of visceral fat.
Giving calcium plus vitamin D routinely after total thyroid removal reduced symptomatic low calcium but did not change long-term parathyroid failure compared with giving supplements only when symptoms occurred.
Giving calcium plus vitamin D routinely after total thyroid removal reduced symptomatic low calcium but did not change long-term parathyroid failure compared with giving supplements only when symptoms occurred.
Using carbon nanoparticles in endoscopic thyroid surgery reduced accidental removal of parathyroids and sped recovery of parathyroid hormone; serum calcium was slightly higher but not significantly different.
Giving calcium plus vitamin D routinely after total thyroid removal reduced symptomatic low calcium but did not change long-term parathyroid failure compared with giving supplements only when symptoms occurred.
Giving calcitriol before total thyroid removal did not reduce how often low calcium occurred but shortened how long low calcium lasted.
Giving calcitriol before total thyroid removal did not reduce how often low calcium occurred but shortened how long low calcium lasted.
In root canal retreatment, calcium hydroxide had similar antibacterial effects to nano-forms, but nano-calcium hydroxide (and nano-silver) reduced postoperative pain at 48–72 hours.
In patients with diabetic kidney disease, gemigliptin did not change coronary calcium scores but reduced bone alkaline phosphatase and some urine kidney-injury biomarkers.
In patients with diabetic kidney disease, gemigliptin did not change coronary calcium scores but reduced bone alkaline phosphatase and some urine kidney-injury biomarkers.
In patients with diabetic kidney disease, gemigliptin did not change coronary calcium scores but reduced bone alkaline phosphatase and some urine kidney-injury biomarkers.
Among people with RRMS, the Wahls diet increased the proportion not getting enough calcium from food; supplements did not fully correct this shortfall.
Among people with RRMS, the Wahls diet increased the proportion not getting enough calcium from food; supplements did not fully correct this shortfall.
In adolescents with braces, MI Varnish (CPP‑ACP, a calcium‑phosphate product) and ProSeal sealant provided similar, minimal protection against new white spot lesions over 12 months.
In adolescents with braces, MI Varnish (CPP‑ACP, a calcium‑phosphate product) and ProSeal sealant provided similar, minimal protection against new white spot lesions over 12 months.
In advanced pre-dialysis CKD patients, sevelamer reduced serum p-cresyl sulfate and LDL-cholesterol versus calcium carbonate over 24 weeks; indoxyl sulfate did not change.
In advanced pre-dialysis CKD patients, sevelamer reduced serum p-cresyl sulfate and LDL-cholesterol versus calcium carbonate over 24 weeks; indoxyl sulfate did not change.
In adults with dentin hypersensitivity, an ionomeric sealant reduced pain more than placebo and calcium‑phosphate/fluoride varnish at 4 weeks; the calcium‑phosphate/fluoride varnish did not differ from placebo.
Providing additional dairy (increasing calcium and protein intake) to aged‑care residents reduced falls and fractures: fewer overall fractures, hip fractures, and falls over two years.
Providing additional dairy (increasing calcium and protein intake) to aged‑care residents reduced falls and fractures: fewer overall fractures, hip fractures, and falls over two years.
Providing additional dairy (increasing calcium and protein intake) to aged‑care residents reduced falls and fractures: fewer overall fractures, hip fractures, and falls over two years.
Partial pulpotomy in immature permanent molars using Biodentine, MTA, or calcium hydroxide had high overall success (87%); Biodentine and MTA showed higher (but not statistically significant) success than calcium hydroxide; root lengths increased at 6 months.
Partial pulpotomy in immature permanent molars using Biodentine, MTA, or calcium hydroxide had high overall success (87%); Biodentine and MTA showed higher (but not statistically significant) success than calcium hydroxide; root lengths increased at 6 months.
Randomized, double-blind trial in high-caries-risk children comparing quarterly application of two fluoride + calcium phosphate varnishes vs placebo over 12 months; varnishes did not change most salivary biomarkers.
Randomized, double-blind trial in high-caries-risk children comparing quarterly application of two fluoride + calcium phosphate varnishes vs placebo over 12 months; varnishes did not change most salivary biomarkers.
Randomized, double-blind trial in high-caries-risk children comparing quarterly application of two fluoride + calcium phosphate varnishes vs placebo over 12 months; varnishes did not change most salivary biomarkers.
In women with GDM, higher-dose vitamin D plus calcium (1000 IU D + 1000 mg Ca daily) for 6 weeks improved glucose, insulin and lipid measures and increased antioxidant marker compared with lower-dose.
Daily vitamin D plus 500 mg calcium for 150 days lowered fasting insulin and insulin resistance and raised HDL cholesterol in infertile men.
Daily calcium-rich supplement (with or without scFOS) lowered LDL and total cholesterol versus placebo after 24 months in postmenopausal women.
Daily vitamin D plus 500 mg calcium for 150 days lowered fasting insulin and insulin resistance and raised HDL cholesterol in infertile men.
In NAFLD patients on a weight-loss program, adding calcium to calcitriol produced greater improvements in some metabolic and liver biochemical parameters versus calcitriol alone.
Pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia received vitamin D3 plus 1000 mg/day calcium for 12 weeks and showed improved glycaemic markers, HDL, and glutathione versus placebo.
Adding 3–4 servings/day of dairy to a Mediterranean diet for 8 weeks modestly improved blood pressure and some lipid markers in people at CVD risk.
Twelve weeks of vitamin D, K and calcium co-supplementation improved left carotid thickness and several metabolic markers in overweight diabetics with CHD.
High-calcium milk powder (450 mg elemental Ca twice daily plus vitamin D) reduced lumbar spine bone loss in postmenopausal women over 24 months and reduced height loss.
In the WHI randomized trial, daily calcium (1000 mg) plus vitamin D (400 IU) was associated with a reduced risk of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) over extended follow-up, with the effect strongest in the postintervention period.
In the WHI randomized trial, daily calcium (1000 mg) plus vitamin D (400 IU) was associated with a reduced risk of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) over extended follow-up, with the effect strongest in the postintervention period.
A single preoperative dose of dexamethasone reduced rates of postoperative hypocalcemia and voice dysfunction after total thyroidectomy.
A single preoperative dose of dexamethasone reduced rates of postoperative hypocalcemia and voice dysfunction after total thyroidectomy.
A single preoperative dose of dexamethasone reduced rates of postoperative hypocalcemia and voice dysfunction after total thyroidectomy.
A randomized, triple-blind trial found that the calcium-containing BioMin F toothpaste (FCPS) reduced tooth sensitivity, with large sustained benefit at six weeks.
A randomized, triple-blind trial found that the calcium-containing BioMin F toothpaste (FCPS) reduced tooth sensitivity, with large sustained benefit at six weeks.
In Indonesian schoolchildren, dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes were widely inadequate, VDR promoter SNPs were not associated with height-for-age, and protein intake (not calcium) was positively associated with height-for-age z-score.
In Indonesian schoolchildren, dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes were widely inadequate, VDR promoter SNPs were not associated with height-for-age, and protein intake (not calcium) was positively associated with height-for-age z-score.
In Indonesian schoolchildren, dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes were widely inadequate, VDR promoter SNPs were not associated with height-for-age, and protein intake (not calcium) was positively associated with height-for-age z-score.
Longitudinal cohort nested in a prenatal nutrition trial: prenatal supplements had limited overall effects on child growth biomarkers; plasma calcium at 9 years showed inverse associations with adiposity measures.
Longitudinal cohort nested in a prenatal nutrition trial: prenatal supplements had limited overall effects on child growth biomarkers; plasma calcium at 9 years showed inverse associations with adiposity measures.
Longitudinal cohort nested in a prenatal nutrition trial: prenatal supplements had limited overall effects on child growth biomarkers; plasma calcium at 9 years showed inverse associations with adiposity measures.
In screen-detected type 2 diabetes, intensified multifactorial treatment lowered hs-CRP more than routine care over 6 years; adiponectin unchanged.
In adults with type 2 diabetes, daily vitamin D–fortified yogurt increased adiponectin; adding extra calcium (Ca+D yogurt) produced significant increases in SIRT1 and SIRT6 compared with baseline and versus plain yogurt.
In adults with type 2 diabetes, daily vitamin D–fortified yogurt increased adiponectin; adding extra calcium (Ca+D yogurt) produced significant increases in SIRT1 and SIRT6 compared with baseline and versus plain yogurt.
In adults with type 2 diabetes, daily vitamin D–fortified yogurt increased adiponectin; adding extra calcium (Ca+D yogurt) produced significant increases in SIRT1 and SIRT6 compared with baseline and versus plain yogurt.
24-month randomized interventional study: pre-load vitamin D plus ongoing vitamin D, calcium, protein supplementation and exercise after bariatric surgery attenuated increases in bone turnover markers and reduced loss of aBMD and lean mass versus no intervention.
In a randomized, double‑blind, three‑way crossover acute trial, Ca-caseinate (a calcium‑rich casein form) reduced postprandial triacylglycerol compared with whey, and showed a trend to lower central SBP; whey lowered peripheral SBP and improved some vascular measures.
35-day randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 64 healthy college students comparing 400 mg/day calcium supplement vs placebo with identical controlled diet: no significant differences in serum/urine metabolites, calcium-related hormones, or biochemical indicators.
A once-daily PTH prodrug (TransCon PTH) allowed most patients to stop active vitamin D and markedly reduce or stop calcium supplements while keeping blood calcium normal and improving quality of life.
A once-daily PTH prodrug (TransCon PTH) allowed most patients to stop active vitamin D and markedly reduce or stop calcium supplements while keeping blood calcium normal and improving quality of life.
A once-daily PTH prodrug (TransCon PTH) allowed most patients to stop active vitamin D and markedly reduce or stop calcium supplements while keeping blood calcium normal and improving quality of life.
Daily vitamin D3 (600, 1000, 2000 IU) in deficient children increased vitamin D levels and substantially reduced secondary hyperparathyroidism; 2000 IU was most effective and no hypercalcaemia occurred.
Using lower‑calcium dialysate (1.25 mmol/L) accelerated progression of coronary artery calcification over 12 months compared with standard (1.5 mmol/L) dialysate.
Cross-sectional CT-based study of AVC and CAC in 14,073 men aged 60–74 investigating associations with cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers including serum calcium and phosphate.
Cross-sectional CT-based study of AVC and CAC in 14,073 men aged 60–74 investigating associations with cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers including serum calcium and phosphate.
Cross-sectional CT-based study of AVC and CAC in 14,073 men aged 60–74 investigating associations with cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers including serum calcium and phosphate.
Randomized pharmacodynamic study comparing three cholecalciferol dosing schedules in vitamin D–deficient healthy adults, assessing vitamin D metabolites, regulators of calcium/phosphate homeostasis and bone turnover markers over 12 weeks.
Randomized pharmacodynamic study comparing three cholecalciferol dosing schedules in vitamin D–deficient healthy adults, assessing vitamin D metabolites, regulators of calcium/phosphate homeostasis and bone turnover markers over 12 weeks.
Randomized pharmacodynamic study comparing three cholecalciferol dosing schedules in vitamin D–deficient healthy adults, assessing vitamin D metabolites, regulators of calcium/phosphate homeostasis and bone turnover markers over 12 weeks.
Randomized pharmacodynamic study comparing three cholecalciferol dosing schedules in vitamin D–deficient healthy adults, assessing vitamin D metabolites, regulators of calcium/phosphate homeostasis and bone turnover markers over 12 weeks.
High-flux hemodialysis (HFHD) reduced FGF-23 and inflammatory markers and increased 1,25-(OH)2VitD3 compared with low-flux dialysis in ESRD patients.
In dialysis patients, non-calcium phosphate binders reduced serum phosphorus and markedly lowered FGF-23 over 1 year; iPTH fell initially then returned near baseline.
Randomized clinical trial in xerostomic patients comparing CPP-ACP + 5% fluoride varnish vs 5% fluoride varnish alone for root caries over 12 months.
Randomized clinical trial in xerostomic patients comparing CPP-ACP + 5% fluoride varnish vs 5% fluoride varnish alone for root caries over 12 months.
Randomized clinical trial in xerostomic patients comparing CPP-ACP + 5% fluoride varnish vs 5% fluoride varnish alone for root caries over 12 months.
Oral calcium carbonate produced modest changes in serum calcification propensity correlated with rises in serum calcium; some regulators (pyrophosphate, fetuin-A) showed correlations with serum calcium, but between-group differences were limited.
In a healthy pregnant cohort with generally adequate intake, calcium intake was not associated with maternal blood pressure during pregnancy or at 5-year follow-up.
Randomized double-blind trial: IV calcium chloride raised ionized calcium but did not prevent oxytocin-associated blood pressure drop and had no effect on uterine tone, vasopressor use, or blood loss at the doses tested.
In a healthy pregnant cohort with generally adequate intake, calcium intake was not associated with maternal blood pressure during pregnancy or at 5-year follow-up.
In a healthy pregnant cohort with generally adequate intake, calcium intake was not associated with maternal blood pressure during pregnancy or at 5-year follow-up.
Intravenous calcium infusion was as effective as oral cabergoline in preventing OHSS in high-risk IVF patients, with similar pregnancy outcomes.
Intravenous calcium infusion was as effective as oral cabergoline in preventing OHSS in high-risk IVF patients, with similar pregnancy outcomes.
Using an in situ hardening biphasic calcium phosphate graft produced equivalent sinus floor height gain and implant stability to xenograft at 180 days.
Using an in situ hardening biphasic calcium phosphate graft produced equivalent sinus floor height gain and implant stability to xenograft at 180 days.
An anti-inflammatory mouthwash containing calcium hydroxide reduced oral lichen planus signs and symptoms, but tacrolimus ointment produced greater improvement at 3 months.
An anti-inflammatory mouthwash containing calcium hydroxide reduced oral lichen planus signs and symptoms, but tacrolimus ointment produced greater improvement at 3 months.
An anti-inflammatory mouthwash containing calcium hydroxide reduced oral lichen planus signs and symptoms, but tacrolimus ointment produced greater improvement at 3 months.
Near-infrared ICG angiography during total thyroidectomy improved parathyroid detection and was associated with lower early postoperative hypocalcemia rates compared with standard surgery.
One-stage implantation of vancomycin-loaded calcium phosphate cement after debridement promoted filling of lesions, bone defect healing/osteogenesis in some patients, and reduced recurrence of chronic osteomyelitis over one year.
One-stage implantation of vancomycin-loaded calcium phosphate cement after debridement promoted filling of lesions, bone defect healing/osteogenesis in some patients, and reduced recurrence of chronic osteomyelitis over one year.
Twelve weeks of 4000 IU/day vitamin D3 increased serum 25(OH)D, raised serum and seminal calcium, and significantly improved total and progressive sperm motility in men with asthenozoospermia.
Twelve weeks of 4000 IU/day vitamin D3 increased serum 25(OH)D, raised serum and seminal calcium, and significantly improved total and progressive sperm motility in men with asthenozoospermia.
Randomized double-blind trial comparing root canal obturation with MTA vs gutta-percha, each with/without bone graft, in true combined endo-perio lesions; MTA+bone graft showed the best radiographic and clinical healing at 6 and 12 months.
Randomized double-blind trial comparing root canal obturation with MTA vs gutta-percha, each with/without bone graft, in true combined endo-perio lesions; MTA+bone graft showed the best radiographic and clinical healing at 6 and 12 months.
Phase 1 randomized, double-blind bioequivalence study of a denosumab biosimilar vs reference denosumab in healthy subjects; PK was bioequivalent and common adverse reactions included reductions in blood calcium and phosphate.
In older women with low muscle mass, exercise improved strength and physical performance; calcium-HMB provided a small improvement in usual gait speed only.
In older women with low muscle mass, exercise improved strength and physical performance; calcium-HMB provided a small improvement in usual gait speed only.
In older women with low muscle mass, exercise improved strength and physical performance; calcium-HMB provided a small improvement in usual gait speed only.
In adults with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D with or without added calcium increased resting metabolic rate; vitamin D plus calcium reduced iPTH, TSH and anti-TPO antibodies.
In adults with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D with or without added calcium increased resting metabolic rate; vitamin D plus calcium reduced iPTH, TSH and anti-TPO antibodies.
In adults with type 2 diabetes, vitamin D with or without added calcium increased resting metabolic rate; vitamin D plus calcium reduced iPTH, TSH and anti-TPO antibodies.
Preoperative calcitriol given for 1 week before thyroidectomy did not change postoperative serum calcium or hypocalcemia incidence versus placebo; one case of Grade 3 hypercalcemia occurred.
Preoperative calcitriol given for 1 week before thyroidectomy did not change postoperative serum calcium or hypocalcemia incidence versus placebo; one case of Grade 3 hypercalcemia occurred.
In patients after non-surgical periodontal therapy, a dentifrice containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) produced immediate and sustained relief of dentine hypersensitivity up to 8 weeks; arginine gave shorter benefit (~2 weeks).
In patients after non-surgical periodontal therapy, a dentifrice containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) produced immediate and sustained relief of dentine hypersensitivity up to 8 weeks; arginine gave shorter benefit (~2 weeks).
In patients after non-surgical periodontal therapy, a dentifrice containing calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS) produced immediate and sustained relief of dentine hypersensitivity up to 8 weeks; arginine gave shorter benefit (~2 weeks).
In patients with ureteral stents, potassium citrate markedly reduced calcium oxalate and uric acid components of stent encrustation compared with pre-stent stone composition; no effect on calcium phosphate.
In patients with ureteral stents, potassium citrate markedly reduced calcium oxalate and uric acid components of stent encrustation compared with pre-stent stone composition; no effect on calcium phosphate.
In patients with ureteral stents, potassium citrate markedly reduced calcium oxalate and uric acid components of stent encrustation compared with pre-stent stone composition; no effect on calcium phosphate.
Vitamin D plus calcium for 48 weeks increased lumbar spine BMD and improved bone biomarkers; higher vitamin D dose produced larger z-score gains.
Randomized open-label trial in Thai youth on TDF/FTC PrEP: vitamin D (200 IU) plus calcium (600 mg) supplementation twice daily led to greater lumbar spine BMD gains at 6 months versus no supplementation.
Vitamin D plus calcium for 48 weeks increased lumbar spine BMD and improved bone biomarkers; higher vitamin D dose produced larger z-score gains.
Vitamin D plus calcium for 48 weeks increased lumbar spine BMD and improved bone biomarkers; higher vitamin D dose produced larger z-score gains.
Ten‑year follow-up found no overall persistent effects of childhood probiotics/calcium on adolescent height or weight, though L. casei with regular calcium was associated with reduced BMIZ in females.
Ten‑year follow-up found no overall persistent effects of childhood probiotics/calcium on adolescent height or weight, though L. casei with regular calcium was associated with reduced BMIZ in females.
Stentoplasty using resorbable calcium-salt bone fillers in older adults with a single vertebral compression fracture reduced pain and disability and promoted bone formation over 3 years, with slight early loss of restored vertebral height.
Stentoplasty using resorbable calcium-salt bone fillers in older adults with a single vertebral compression fracture reduced pain and disability and promoted bone formation over 3 years, with slight early loss of restored vertebral height.
Cross-sectional study of adults undergoing DXA found taking calcium tablets associated with substantially lower odds of low bone mineral density and was included as an input in an ANN osteoporosis risk model.
A cluster-randomized program to intensify antenatal nutrition services increased receipt and consumption of calcium supplements and modestly improved related maternal nutrition behaviors compared with standard care.
A cluster-randomized program to intensify antenatal nutrition services increased receipt and consumption of calcium supplements and modestly improved related maternal nutrition behaviors compared with standard care.
A cluster-randomized program to intensify antenatal nutrition services increased receipt and consumption of calcium supplements and modestly improved related maternal nutrition behaviors compared with standard care.
Retrospective study developed a nomogram to predict primary aldosteronism in hypertensive patients; serum calcium‑phosphorus product was one included predictor in the model.
Before in-office bleaching, applying nano-hydroxyapatite (a calcium-containing material) or neutral sodium fluoride reduced tooth sensitivity compared with placebo or CPP-ACP without affecting whitening.
Multicenter randomized trial comparing rhPDGF-BB combined with beta-tricalcium phosphate–collagen matrix (a calcium phosphate graft substitute) versus autograft for ankle/hindfoot fusion; demonstrated noninferiority.
In hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia, lanthanum versus calcium carbonate showed no difference in the composite cardiovascular outcome, but lanthanum was associated with higher cardiovascular death and more secondary hyperparathyroidism.
In hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia, lanthanum versus calcium carbonate showed no difference in the composite cardiovascular outcome, but lanthanum was associated with higher cardiovascular death and more secondary hyperparathyroidism.
In hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia, lanthanum versus calcium carbonate showed no difference in the composite cardiovascular outcome, but lanthanum was associated with higher cardiovascular death and more secondary hyperparathyroidism.
In 60-day bed-rest, resistive exercise increased markers of bone formation but did not significantly prevent rises in sclerostin or DKK1 compared with control.
Phase I randomized crossover study in healthy volunteers showed concomitant calcium acetate markedly reduced roxadustat exposure (AUC and Cmax); separating dosing by ≥1 hour attenuated the effect.
Phase I randomized crossover study in healthy volunteers showed concomitant calcium acetate markedly reduced roxadustat exposure (AUC and Cmax); separating dosing by ≥1 hour attenuated the effect.
Phase I randomized crossover study in healthy volunteers showed concomitant calcium acetate markedly reduced roxadustat exposure (AUC and Cmax); separating dosing by ≥1 hour attenuated the effect.
Double-blind study (12 caffeine, 12 placebo) found high acute caffeine intake increased renal calcium clearance markedly over 6 hours.
Double-blind study (12 caffeine, 12 placebo) found high acute caffeine intake increased renal calcium clearance markedly over 6 hours.
Both potassium citrate and hydrochlorothiazide reduced 24-h urinary calcium; potassium citrate increased urinary citrate more and had similar short-term stone recurrence.
Two types of suture anchors (one containing hydroxyapatite/calcium materials) showed similar bone integration and clinical outcomes at 2 years.
Two types of suture anchors (one containing hydroxyapatite/calcium materials) showed similar bone integration and clinical outcomes at 2 years.
Exercise plus a multinutrient supplement (including calcium) modestly improved leg strength and mobility; per-protocol preserved femoral neck BMD and increased lean mass.
Exercise plus a multinutrient supplement (including calcium) modestly improved leg strength and mobility; per-protocol preserved femoral neck BMD and increased lean mass.
Exercise plus a multinutrient supplement (including calcium) modestly improved leg strength and mobility; per-protocol preserved femoral neck BMD and increased lean mass.
In sarcopenic older adults, early supervised resistance training with nutritional support (including calcium) led to an earlier increase in lower‑leg muscle mass but did not improve physical function.
Randomized children/adolescents to three vitamin D regimens; regimens with loading doses raised 25(OH)D and had small, variable effects on serum calcium and PTH.
Eldecalcitol increased lumbar and hip bone mineral density more than alfacalcidol in osteoporotic patients not receiving vitamin D or calcium supplements.
SNF472 given during hemodialysis modestly decreased hip and femoral-neck BMD over 1 year; the 600 mg dose showed a slightly greater BMD loss than placebo.
Among patients after parathyroidectomy (randomized to cholecalciferol + calcium or calcium alone), higher baseline 24-h urinary calcium (>10 mmol/d) was associated with greater bone mineral density gains, notably at the total hip.
SNF472 given during hemodialysis modestly decreased hip and femoral-neck BMD over 1 year; the 600 mg dose showed a slightly greater BMD loss than placebo.
Asfotase alfa exposure increased with dose, showed dose-proportional activity across 0.5–3.0 mg/kg, a terminal half-life ~3.7–5.5 days, and marked accumulation with thrice-weekly dosing.
Asfotase alfa exposure increased with dose, showed dose-proportional activity across 0.5–3.0 mg/kg, a terminal half-life ~3.7–5.5 days, and marked accumulation with thrice-weekly dosing.
Asfotase alfa exposure increased with dose, showed dose-proportional activity across 0.5–3.0 mg/kg, a terminal half-life ~3.7–5.5 days, and marked accumulation with thrice-weekly dosing.
Co-supplementation of Ca-HMB and AAKG during a 12-day training camp prevented the decline in countermovement jump performance seen in the placebo group, without changing muscle damage markers.
Co-supplementation of Ca-HMB and AAKG during a 12-day training camp prevented the decline in countermovement jump performance seen in the placebo group, without changing muscle damage markers.
Co-supplementation of Ca-HMB and AAKG during a 12-day training camp prevented the decline in countermovement jump performance seen in the placebo group, without changing muscle damage markers.
A 90-day Aquamin (multi-mineral, ~800 mg Ca/day) intervention reduced colonic proliferation marker Ki67 (~20%) and increased differentiation markers (p21 ~99%, CK20 ~7%), with larger proteomic changes than calcium alone.
A 90-day Aquamin (multi-mineral, ~800 mg Ca/day) intervention reduced colonic proliferation marker Ki67 (~20%) and increased differentiation markers (p21 ~99%, CK20 ~7%), with larger proteomic changes than calcium alone.
A 90-day Aquamin (multi-mineral, ~800 mg Ca/day) intervention reduced colonic proliferation marker Ki67 (~20%) and increased differentiation markers (p21 ~99%, CK20 ~7%), with larger proteomic changes than calcium alone.
Longitudinal study of 467 pregnant Gambian women showing small increases in peripheral bone density and marked biochemical changes between early second and third trimesters despite low habitual calcium intake.
Randomized double-blind trial in surgical patients showing that adding calcium gluconate to neostigmine shortened early neuromuscular recovery and reduced early PORC incidence.
Randomized double-blind trial in surgical patients showing that adding calcium gluconate to neostigmine shortened early neuromuscular recovery and reduced early PORC incidence.
Randomized double-blind trial in surgical patients showing that adding calcium gluconate to neostigmine shortened early neuromuscular recovery and reduced early PORC incidence.
Randomized trial targeting parents to increase children's dietary calcium; children increased total calcium and dairy calcium intake at 8, 34, and 52 weeks while parental intake did not change.
Randomized trial targeting parents to increase children's dietary calcium; children increased total calcium and dairy calcium intake at 8, 34, and 52 weeks while parental intake did not change.
Randomized trial targeting parents to increase children's dietary calcium; children increased total calcium and dairy calcium intake at 8, 34, and 52 weeks while parental intake did not change.
Open-label randomized trial in haemodialysis patients comparing cinacalcet plus standard care vs standard care alone; no significant reduction in vascular calcification progression and more hypocalcaemia with cinacalcet.
Open-label randomized trial in haemodialysis patients comparing cinacalcet plus standard care vs standard care alone; no significant reduction in vascular calcification progression and more hypocalcaemia with cinacalcet.
Open-label randomized trial in haemodialysis patients comparing cinacalcet plus standard care vs standard care alone; no significant reduction in vascular calcification progression and more hypocalcaemia with cinacalcet.
Vitamin D (with calcium carbonate) given daily for 12 months modestly increased lower-leg strength in postmenopausal women with HIV but did not change muscle mass.
Double-blind RCT: a multi-ingredient supplement (included 300 mg calcium citrate) plus resistance training increased lean body mass and some upper-body muscle size measures more than an isonitrogenous placebo.
Double-blind RCT: a multi-ingredient supplement (included 300 mg calcium citrate) plus resistance training increased lean body mass and some upper-body muscle size measures more than an isonitrogenous placebo.
Double-blind RCT: a multi-ingredient supplement (included 300 mg calcium citrate) plus resistance training increased lean body mass and some upper-body muscle size measures more than an isonitrogenous placebo.
Vitamin D (with calcium carbonate) given daily for 12 months modestly increased lower-leg strength in postmenopausal women with HIV but did not change muscle mass.
Lower baseline PRO-C2 (a marker of type II collagen formation) identifies patients with faster radiographic knee OA progression and higher odds of progression.
Lower baseline PRO-C2 (a marker of type II collagen formation) identifies patients with faster radiographic knee OA progression and higher odds of progression.
An 8-week protein-rich home meal service increased protein and calcium intake and improved sit-to-stand performance in older adults compared with control.
44 children with early caries received either MI Varnish (CPP-ACP-F) or Duraphat; MI Varnish produced greater remineralization over follow-up.
44 children with early caries received either MI Varnish (CPP-ACP-F) or Duraphat; MI Varnish produced greater remineralization over follow-up.
Observational analysis of 1,996 adults ≥50 found that relationship continuity with the DXA-ordering PCP was associated with higher daily calcium intake and greater likelihood of vitamin D supplementation at 52 weeks.
Observational analysis of 1,996 adults ≥50 found that relationship continuity with the DXA-ordering PCP was associated with higher daily calcium intake and greater likelihood of vitamin D supplementation at 52 weeks.
82 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy were randomized to pre+post vs post-only calcium and calcitriol; preoperative supplementation did not reduce postoperative hypocalcemia or other outcomes.
82 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy were randomized to pre+post vs post-only calcium and calcitriol; preoperative supplementation did not reduce postoperative hypocalcemia or other outcomes.
82 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy were randomized to pre+post vs post-only calcium and calcitriol; preoperative supplementation did not reduce postoperative hypocalcemia or other outcomes.
Measured serum/urine calcium, vitamin D, PTH and bone markers in osteoporotic women and analysed correlations with metabolic/cardiovascular risk markers.
Randomized PK study (75 randomized, 73 completed) comparing daily, weekly and bi-weekly high-dose cholecalciferol regimens in vitamin D–deficient healthy adults; daily dosing gave higher 25(OH)D exposure without safety signals.
Overweight people with low dietary calcium were randomized to energy reduction and/or calcium (400 mg + 125 IU vitamin D3 daily) for 2 years; calcium increased serum calcium and 25(OH)D3 but alone produced limited glycemic benefits, while energy reduction plus calcium produced the greatest improvements in fasting glucose and peripheral insulin sensitivity.
Single-blind randomized trial in inpatient alcohol withdrawal: oral calcium carbonate (800 mg + vitamin D 5 µg daily) for 14 days reduced withdrawal severity faster and lowered craving versus control.
Single-blind randomized trial in inpatient alcohol withdrawal: oral calcium carbonate (800 mg + vitamin D 5 µg daily) for 14 days reduced withdrawal severity faster and lowered craving versus control.
Premenopausal Indian women taking a multi-micronutrient, protein-rich supplement containing calcium had improved bone turnover markers and some micronutrient status after 6 months.
Premenopausal Indian women taking a multi-micronutrient, protein-rich supplement containing calcium had improved bone turnover markers and some micronutrient status after 6 months.
Premenopausal Indian women taking a multi-micronutrient, protein-rich supplement containing calcium had improved bone turnover markers and some micronutrient status after 6 months.
Randomized trial injecting calcium chloride into atrial ganglionated plexi during CABG significantly reduced postoperative atrial fibrillation and related arrhythmic events.
Randomized trial injecting calcium chloride into atrial ganglionated plexi during CABG significantly reduced postoperative atrial fibrillation and related arrhythmic events.
Randomized trial injecting calcium chloride into atrial ganglionated plexi during CABG significantly reduced postoperative atrial fibrillation and related arrhythmic events.
All tested toothpastes reduced tooth sensitivity versus baseline; no formula was superior.
A calcium-phosphate-containing desensitizer (Teethmate) and a self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond 2) both significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity over 6 months and were similarly effective, both outperforming placebo.
76 primary molar perforations repaired with MTA or premixed bioceramic; premixed bioceramic showed a trend to better sealing and superior clinical/radiographic performance at 6 and 12 months.
Randomized, double-blind trial in children comparing Dycal (calcium hydroxide), Biodentine (bioactive tricalcium silicate), and TheraCal LC (resin-based tricalcium silicate); all materials had high clinical/radiographic success at 24 months but the resin-containing TheraCal LC showed worse histological pulp outcomes.
Randomized, double-blind trial in children comparing Dycal (calcium hydroxide), Biodentine (bioactive tricalcium silicate), and TheraCal LC (resin-based tricalcium silicate); all materials had high clinical/radiographic success at 24 months but the resin-containing TheraCal LC showed worse histological pulp outcomes.
Randomized, double-blind trial in children comparing Dycal (calcium hydroxide), Biodentine (bioactive tricalcium silicate), and TheraCal LC (resin-based tricalcium silicate); all materials had high clinical/radiographic success at 24 months but the resin-containing TheraCal LC showed worse histological pulp outcomes.
Randomized, double-blind trial in children comparing Dycal (calcium hydroxide), Biodentine (bioactive tricalcium silicate), and TheraCal LC (resin-based tricalcium silicate); all materials had high clinical/radiographic success at 24 months but the resin-containing TheraCal LC showed worse histological pulp outcomes.
Small randomized trial in children comparing traditional indirect pulp treatment with calcium hydroxide versus minimal excavation plus lesion sterilization/tissue repair (TAP); both approaches were effective clinically, radiographically, and microbiologically over follow-up.
Small randomized trial in children comparing traditional indirect pulp treatment with calcium hydroxide versus minimal excavation plus lesion sterilization/tissue repair (TAP); both approaches were effective clinically, radiographically, and microbiologically over follow-up.
Randomized clinical study in previously treated teeth with periapical lesions comparing intracanal Ca(OH)2 alone or with ibuprofen or ciprofloxacin: all Ca(OH)2-based pastes significantly lowered periapical PGE2; Ca(OH)2 + ciprofloxacin produced the largest PGE2 reduction vs Ca(OH)2 alone; no differences in postoperative pain among groups.
Mouthwash containing calcium hydroxide reduced symptoms and signs of oral lichen planus but was less effective than clobetasol; no side effects reported in the mouthwash group.
Mouthwash containing calcium hydroxide reduced symptoms and signs of oral lichen planus but was less effective than clobetasol; no side effects reported in the mouthwash group.
In women with GDM, higher-dose vitamin D plus calcium (1000 IU D + 1000 mg Ca daily) for 6 weeks improved glucose, insulin and lipid measures and increased antioxidant marker compared with lower-dose.
Phase 1 randomized, double-blind bioequivalence study of a denosumab biosimilar vs reference denosumab in healthy subjects; PK was bioequivalent and common adverse reactions included reductions in blood calcium and phosphate.
Sub-study of a randomized trial in women with prior pre-eclampsia and low dietary calcium intake: 500 mg/day calcium vs placebo for up to 12 weeks pre-pregnancy; calcium modestly lowered systolic and mean arterial pressure at 12 weeks.
Older adults received calcium plus two doses of vitamin D; vitamin D forms correlated with some BMD changes but free/bioavailable forms were not clearly superior to total 25(OH)D.
Older adults received calcium plus two doses of vitamin D; vitamin D forms correlated with some BMD changes but free/bioavailable forms were not clearly superior to total 25(OH)D.
Daily supplemental calcium (1,200 mg/day), with or without vitamin D, did not change circulating gut‑permeability biomarkers over 1 to 3–5 years in patients with colorectal adenoma.
In this randomized substudy of women at high risk of preeclampsia, preconception and early‑pregnancy low‑dose calcium (500 mg/day until 20 weeks) produced small, non‑significant differences in maternal weight change at 8, 20, and 32 weeks compared with placebo.
In this randomized substudy of women at high risk of preeclampsia, preconception and early‑pregnancy low‑dose calcium (500 mg/day until 20 weeks) produced small, non‑significant differences in maternal weight change at 8, 20, and 32 weeks compared with placebo.
In this randomized substudy of women at high risk of preeclampsia, preconception and early‑pregnancy low‑dose calcium (500 mg/day until 20 weeks) produced small, non‑significant differences in maternal weight change at 8, 20, and 32 weeks compared with placebo.
Randomized prospective trial in 61 women testing combinations/sequences of subcision, microfocused ultrasound, and calcium hydroxylapatite injections for buttock/thigh skin irregularities; triple-modality combos gave greater improvement.
Randomized prospective trial in 61 women testing combinations/sequences of subcision, microfocused ultrasound, and calcium hydroxylapatite injections for buttock/thigh skin irregularities; triple-modality combos gave greater improvement.
Post-hoc analysis of CSPPT: hypertensive Chinese males with higher baseline albumin-corrected serum calcium had higher first stroke risk, and folic acid supplementation halved that excess risk.
Post-hoc analysis of CSPPT: hypertensive Chinese males with higher baseline albumin-corrected serum calcium had higher first stroke risk, and folic acid supplementation halved that excess risk.
Feasibility RCT found fortified milk with calcium+vitamin D was acceptable, well adhered to, and safe in pregnant women with periodontitis.
Feasibility RCT found fortified milk with calcium+vitamin D was acceptable, well adhered to, and safe in pregnant women with periodontitis.
Feasibility RCT found fortified milk with calcium+vitamin D was acceptable, well adhered to, and safe in pregnant women with periodontitis.
Dietary modelling using national survey data showed adding one serving of common milk products would substantially reduce population nutrient inadequacy, including calcium.
Dietary modelling using national survey data showed adding one serving of common milk products would substantially reduce population nutrient inadequacy, including calcium.
Dietary modelling using national survey data showed adding one serving of common milk products would substantially reduce population nutrient inadequacy, including calcium.
Large randomized trial of daily calcium (1,000 mg) + vitamin D (400 IU) vs placebo in postmenopausal women; calcium/vitamin D did not change risks of major outcomes.
Large randomized trial of daily calcium (1,000 mg) + vitamin D (400 IU) vs placebo in postmenopausal women; calcium/vitamin D did not change risks of major outcomes.
Large randomized trial of daily calcium (1,000 mg) + vitamin D (400 IU) vs placebo in postmenopausal women; calcium/vitamin D did not change risks of major outcomes.
Pediatric randomized trial comparing sucroferric oxyhydroxide to a calcium-based phosphate binder (calcium acetate); calcium acetate was associated with more sustained hypercalcemia.
Pediatric randomized trial comparing sucroferric oxyhydroxide to a calcium-based phosphate binder (calcium acetate); calcium acetate was associated with more sustained hypercalcemia.
Pediatric randomized trial comparing sucroferric oxyhydroxide to a calcium-based phosphate binder (calcium acetate); calcium acetate was associated with more sustained hypercalcemia.
Twelve weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in women with PCOS reduced hirsutism and some inflammation/oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity.
In 60 women with gestational diabetes, 6 weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D reduced inflammation and oxidative stress markers and modestly lowered fasting glucose.
Randomized clinical trial comparing a tricalcium silicate (calcium-containing) sealer to a resin-based sealer for root canal obturation; no difference in patient-reported postobturation pain.
Randomized clinical trial comparing a tricalcium silicate (calcium-containing) sealer to a resin-based sealer for root canal obturation; no difference in patient-reported postobturation pain.
Surgical study comparing radioguided vs classical parathyroidectomy in SHPT patients found improved post-op bone mineral density and better L4 T-score in the radioguided group.
3-year randomized double-blind trial of MK‑7 added to calcium (800 mg/day) and vitamin D3 in postmenopausal osteopenic women: MK‑7 increased osteocalcin carboxylation but did not alter bone turnover, BMD, or microarchitecture versus placebo.
3-year randomized double-blind trial of MK‑7 added to calcium (800 mg/day) and vitamin D3 in postmenopausal osteopenic women: MK‑7 increased osteocalcin carboxylation but did not alter bone turnover, BMD, or microarchitecture versus placebo.
In people starting continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, higher calcium concentration in dialysis fluid increased markers associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition over 12 months but did not change short-term clinical complication rates.
In people starting continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, higher calcium concentration in dialysis fluid increased markers associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition over 12 months but did not change short-term clinical complication rates.
In people starting continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, higher calcium concentration in dialysis fluid increased markers associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition over 12 months but did not change short-term clinical complication rates.
Nutrition counseling (medical nutrition therapy) led people living with HIV to increase intake of calcium, vitamin D and other nutrients and to increase exercise over the intervention period.
Nutrition counseling (medical nutrition therapy) led people living with HIV to increase intake of calcium, vitamin D and other nutrients and to increase exercise over the intervention period.
In a large randomized trial of daily calcium (1200 mg) and/or vitamin D, calcium alone did not change basal cell carcinoma risk and showed suggestive to significant reductions in squamous cell carcinoma risk (especially when combined with vitamin D).
In a large randomized trial of daily calcium (1200 mg) and/or vitamin D, calcium alone did not change basal cell carcinoma risk and showed suggestive to significant reductions in squamous cell carcinoma risk (especially when combined with vitamin D).
In a large randomized trial of daily calcium (1200 mg) and/or vitamin D, calcium alone did not change basal cell carcinoma risk and showed suggestive to significant reductions in squamous cell carcinoma risk (especially when combined with vitamin D).
In rural Ethiopia, antenatal calcium taken with iron–folic acid was acceptable and most women achieved high adherence (~80%); regimens with fewer daily doses reduced total calcium consumed but did not increase adherence.
In rural Ethiopia, antenatal calcium taken with iron–folic acid was acceptable and most women achieved high adherence (~80%); regimens with fewer daily doses reduced total calcium consumed but did not increase adherence.
In rural Ethiopia, antenatal calcium taken with iron–folic acid was acceptable and most women achieved high adherence (~80%); regimens with fewer daily doses reduced total calcium consumed but did not increase adherence.
In patients undergoing tooth extraction and socket grafting, a PLGA‑coated β‑tricalcium phosphate graft produced less new mineralized tissue at 20 weeks than freeze‑dried bone allograft, though implant placement and short‑term implant outcomes were comparable.
In patients undergoing tooth extraction and socket grafting, a PLGA‑coated β‑tricalcium phosphate graft produced less new mineralized tissue at 20 weeks than freeze‑dried bone allograft, though implant placement and short‑term implant outcomes were comparable.
Double-blind RCT of a multivitamin/mineral vs placebo in older adults on certain medications; MVMS increased folate and vitamin C status but did not significantly change serum calcium.
Double-blind RCT of a multivitamin/mineral vs placebo in older adults on certain medications; MVMS increased folate and vitamin C status but did not significantly change serum calcium.
Randomized controlled trial in term neonates undergoing phototherapy; covering the head reduced the decline in serum ionic calcium at 48 hours compared with no head cover.
Randomized controlled trial in term neonates undergoing phototherapy; covering the head reduced the decline in serum ionic calcium at 48 hours compared with no head cover.
Randomized trial comparing biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) vs deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) for sinus lift: new bone formation similar at 6 months; BCP left less residual graft material.
Randomized trial comparing biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) vs deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) for sinus lift: new bone formation similar at 6 months; BCP left less residual graft material.
Randomized trial comparing biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) vs deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) for sinus lift: new bone formation similar at 6 months; BCP left less residual graft material.
Randomized trial of 60 implants comparing synthetic PLA vs collagen membranes with biphasic calcium phosphate graft: similar facial bone thickness loss at 6 months and all implants osseointegrated.
In children receiving stem cell transplants, adding a supersaturated calcium‑phosphate oral rinse gave slightly fewer and less severe mouth ulcers but was less well tolerated than toothbrushing; differences were not statistically significant.
In children receiving stem cell transplants, adding a supersaturated calcium‑phosphate oral rinse gave slightly fewer and less severe mouth ulcers but was less well tolerated than toothbrushing; differences were not statistically significant.
In children receiving stem cell transplants, adding a supersaturated calcium‑phosphate oral rinse gave slightly fewer and less severe mouth ulcers but was less well tolerated than toothbrushing; differences were not statistically significant.
Placebo-controlled trial: supplemental calcium (1,200 mg/day) and vitamin D (1,000 IU/day) reduced a biomarker ratio (COX-2/15-HPGD) linked to colorectal inflammation and carcinogenesis.
Placebo-controlled trial: supplemental calcium (1,200 mg/day) and vitamin D (1,000 IU/day) reduced a biomarker ratio (COX-2/15-HPGD) linked to colorectal inflammation and carcinogenesis.
Tested a new tricalcium silicate dental cement vs standard MTA in children's primary molar pulpotomies; both showed high success but the new cement avoided tooth discoloration.
Large double‑blind RCT in preschool children comparing AgNO3 + NaF varnish with vs without functionalized tricalcium phosphate (fTCP); adding fTCP improved caries‑arrest outcomes at 24 months.
Large double‑blind RCT in preschool children comparing AgNO3 + NaF varnish with vs without functionalized tricalcium phosphate (fTCP); adding fTCP improved caries‑arrest outcomes at 24 months.
An 8-week intensive lifestyle program in children with abdominal obesity increased diet quality and improved some micronutrient intakes including calcium and vitamin D, and reduced BMI-SDS.
In this nested case–control study within JUPITER, HDL inflammatory index (HII) showed a nonlinear relationship with incident CVD and mortality; HII 0.5–1.0 had lowest risk and HII 0–0.5 was associated with higher risk; rosuvastatin produced a small decrease in HII over 12 months.
In this nested case–control study within JUPITER, HDL inflammatory index (HII) showed a nonlinear relationship with incident CVD and mortality; HII 0.5–1.0 had lowest risk and HII 0–0.5 was associated with higher risk; rosuvastatin produced a small decrease in HII over 12 months.
In this nested case–control study within JUPITER, HDL inflammatory index (HII) showed a nonlinear relationship with incident CVD and mortality; HII 0.5–1.0 had lowest risk and HII 0–0.5 was associated with higher risk; rosuvastatin produced a small decrease in HII over 12 months.
In 30 patients (32 sockets) grafted with biphasic calcium phosphate, sites covered by a PEG synthetic membrane lost less labial and coronal bone percentage than sites covered by porcine collagen membrane at 22 weeks.
In 30 patients (32 sockets) grafted with biphasic calcium phosphate, sites covered by a PEG synthetic membrane lost less labial and coronal bone percentage than sites covered by porcine collagen membrane at 22 weeks.
In 30 patients (32 sockets) grafted with biphasic calcium phosphate, sites covered by a PEG synthetic membrane lost less labial and coronal bone percentage than sites covered by porcine collagen membrane at 22 weeks.
Using 3D-printed planning and models with percutaneous reduction, cannulated screws and calcium sulfate cement grafting reduced operative time, blood loss and fluoroscopy use and produced better radiological and functional outcomes versus conventional technique.
Using 3D-printed planning and models with percutaneous reduction, cannulated screws and calcium sulfate cement grafting reduced operative time, blood loss and fluoroscopy use and produced better radiological and functional outcomes versus conventional technique.
Using 3D-printed planning and models with percutaneous reduction, cannulated screws and calcium sulfate cement grafting reduced operative time, blood loss and fluoroscopy use and produced better radiological and functional outcomes versus conventional technique.
In this 6-week double-blind randomized pilot (60 patients), adjunctive raloxifene improved verbal memory; isradipine (an L-type calcium channel blocker) improved verbal memory and some attention measures versus placebo, with no effect on processing speed or executive function.
In this 6-week double-blind randomized pilot (60 patients), adjunctive raloxifene improved verbal memory; isradipine (an L-type calcium channel blocker) improved verbal memory and some attention measures versus placebo, with no effect on processing speed or executive function.
In this 6-week double-blind randomized pilot (60 patients), adjunctive raloxifene improved verbal memory; isradipine (an L-type calcium channel blocker) improved verbal memory and some attention measures versus placebo, with no effect on processing speed or executive function.
In this halted phase 2 open-label trial (30 patients), the CRAC channel inhibitor Auxora showed acceptable safety and suggested efficacy signals in severe COVID-19: shorter median time to recovery and fewer patients reaching the composite of death or invasive mechanical ventilation versus standard of care.
In this halted phase 2 open-label trial (30 patients), the CRAC channel inhibitor Auxora showed acceptable safety and suggested efficacy signals in severe COVID-19: shorter median time to recovery and fewer patients reaching the composite of death or invasive mechanical ventilation versus standard of care.
In this halted phase 2 open-label trial (30 patients), the CRAC channel inhibitor Auxora showed acceptable safety and suggested efficacy signals in severe COVID-19: shorter median time to recovery and fewer patients reaching the composite of death or invasive mechanical ventilation versus standard of care.
12-month randomized double-blind trial in older adults: calcium HMB + vitamin D3 improved functional performance, with modest and time-limited gains in lean mass and leg strength, mainly in non-exercising participants.
12-month randomized double-blind trial in older adults: calcium HMB + vitamin D3 improved functional performance, with modest and time-limited gains in lean mass and leg strength, mainly in non-exercising participants.
12-month randomized double-blind trial in older adults: calcium HMB + vitamin D3 improved functional performance, with modest and time-limited gains in lean mass and leg strength, mainly in non-exercising participants.
Randomized double-blind study in ambulatory surgery patients: 200 mL carbohydrate drink 2 h pre-op had similar gastric emptying to water, reduced hunger, and no aspiration events.
Randomized double-blind study in ambulatory surgery patients: 200 mL carbohydrate drink 2 h pre-op had similar gastric emptying to water, reduced hunger, and no aspiration events.
Randomized double-blind study in ambulatory surgery patients: 200 mL carbohydrate drink 2 h pre-op had similar gastric emptying to water, reduced hunger, and no aspiration events.
Randomized trial in dental patients: calcium hydroxide mixed with dexamethasone and triple antibiotic paste both reduced postoperative endodontic pain compared with placebo.
Postmenopausal osteoporotic women received zoledronate; experimental groups received calcitriol plus calcium carbonate while controls received calcium carbonate alone—bone turnover markers fell and BMD rose, with greater marker declines and lumbar spine BMD increase when calcitriol was added.
Large multicenter randomized trial found vitamin D plus calcium supplementation (when vitamin D low) reduced BPPV recurrence rates over one year.
In sarcopenic older adults, early supervised resistance training with nutritional support (including calcium) led to an earlier increase in lower‑leg muscle mass but did not improve physical function.
In pediatric ESRD patients, substituting some hemodialysis sessions with online hemodiafiltration improved biochemical markers including calcium/phosphorus/PTH and reduced inflammation over follow-up.
Whey protein versus carbohydrate supplementation during 9 weeks of military training did not affect serum calcium, vitamin D response to training, or bone turnover markers; vitamin D rose across training (likely sun exposure).
In pediatric ESRD patients, substituting some hemodialysis sessions with online hemodiafiltration improved biochemical markers including calcium/phosphorus/PTH and reduced inflammation over follow-up.
Whey protein versus carbohydrate supplementation during 9 weeks of military training did not affect serum calcium, vitamin D response to training, or bone turnover markers; vitamin D rose across training (likely sun exposure).
Whey protein versus carbohydrate supplementation during 9 weeks of military training did not affect serum calcium, vitamin D response to training, or bone turnover markers; vitamin D rose across training (likely sun exposure).
Daily consumption of a dairy product enriched with calcium, vitamin D and other bone‑supporting nutrients for 24 weeks improved bone mass and bone turnover markers and mitigated BMD loss in menopausal women at risk of osteoporosis.
Enhanced exercise and combined calcium plus vitamin D helped maintain or improve muscle strength in postmenopausal women at high osteoporosis risk.
Small randomized study: adding Greek yogurt (source of protein and calcium) to exercise increased bone formation markers versus placebo.
Daily consumption of a dairy product enriched with calcium, vitamin D and other bone‑supporting nutrients for 24 weeks improved bone mass and bone turnover markers and mitigated BMD loss in menopausal women at risk of osteoporosis.
Small randomized study in postmenopausal osteopenic women: adding bioactive collagen peptides to calcium+vitamin D lowered bone turnover markers over 3 months compared with calcium+vitamin D alone.
A 3-month dietary intervention in postmenopausal women increasing vegetables/herbs/fruit reduced urinary calcium excretion and lowered bone turnover markers in the group consuming phytochemical-rich selections, especially in osteopenic women.
Postmenopausal osteoporotic women received zoledronate; experimental groups received calcitriol plus calcium carbonate while controls received calcium carbonate alone—bone turnover markers fell and BMD rose, with greater marker declines and lumbar spine BMD increase when calcitriol was added.
Single-visit endodontic retreatment caused less postoperative pain than two-visit treatments using calcium hydroxide or chlorhexidine.
Adding calcium dobesilate to alprostadil improved neuropathy scores and overall effectiveness over 2 weeks.
In root canal treatment of necrotic single-rooted teeth, calcium hydroxide paste produced similar post-operative pain and flare-up rates compared with propolis paste.
Daily low-fat milk fortified with 1000 mg calcium + 800 IU vitamin D3, alone or with exercise, did not improve blood pressure or blood lipids over 18 months in middle-aged and older men.
A 24‑week RCT of fortified milk (providing ~1008 mg Ca/day) plus exercise improved vitamin B‑12 and 25(OH)D levels and reduced bone turnover markers versus control.
A 24‑week RCT of fortified milk (providing ~1008 mg Ca/day) plus exercise improved vitamin B‑12 and 25(OH)D levels and reduced bone turnover markers versus control.
In postmenopausal women receiving bisphosphonates (with daily calcium and vitamin D), bone turnover markers fell and an early positive bone balance developed, changes that were associated with later increases in spine and hip BMD.
Compared CAC scoring vs SCORE model for CVD screening; CAC classified fewer individuals as increased risk and indicated less preventive treatment.
Compared CAC scoring vs SCORE model for CVD screening; CAC classified fewer individuals as increased risk and indicated less preventive treatment.
Topical 5% sodium fluoride varnish with functionalized tri-calcium phosphate (fTCP) applied at baseline and 8 weeks reversed more white spot lesions vs placebo at 16 weeks.
Topical 5% sodium fluoride varnish with functionalized tri-calcium phosphate (fTCP) applied at baseline and 8 weeks reversed more white spot lesions vs placebo at 16 weeks.
Twelve weeks of a leucine-enriched protein supplement (also containing 300 mg calcium and 800 IU vitamin D twice daily) increased lean body mass measures versus isocaloric placebo in adults ≥50, especially ages 50–64.
Twelve weeks of a leucine-enriched protein supplement (also containing 300 mg calcium and 800 IU vitamin D twice daily) increased lean body mass measures versus isocaloric placebo in adults ≥50, especially ages 50–64.
In Chinese postmenopausal women, daily fortified milk (1200 mg calcium + vitamin D + FOS-inulin) for 52 weeks increased 25(OH)D, suppressed bone turnover markers and preserved femoral neck BMD compared with regular milk.
Twelve weeks of a leucine-enriched protein supplement (also containing 300 mg calcium and 800 IU vitamin D twice daily) increased lean body mass measures versus isocaloric placebo in adults ≥50, especially ages 50–64.
Low‑dose resveratrol (75 mg twice daily) increased lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD versus placebo; the BMD benefit was larger in women who regularly took calcium (and/or vitamin D).
Low‑dose resveratrol (75 mg twice daily) increased lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD versus placebo; the BMD benefit was larger in women who regularly took calcium (and/or vitamin D).
Low‑dose resveratrol (75 mg twice daily) increased lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD versus placebo; the BMD benefit was larger in women who regularly took calcium (and/or vitamin D).
Healthy men given 200 g/day fructose for two weeks had higher serum uric acid, a small drop in ionized calcium with higher PTH, lower urine pH, higher urinary oxalate and lower urine magnesium—changes that raise kidney-stone risk.
In a controlled crossover trial, potassium supplementation lowered FGF23 and fractional calcium excretion and increased plasma phosphate/TmP-GFR; sodium supplementation also lowered FGF23 but increased urinary (and fractional) calcium excretion.
Oral composition containing L-methionine (acidifier) and phytin (crystallization inhibitor) lowered urinary pH and markedly reduced ureteral stent encrustation versus placebo.
Oral composition containing L-methionine (acidifier) and phytin (crystallization inhibitor) lowered urinary pH and markedly reduced ureteral stent encrustation versus placebo.
Oral composition containing L-methionine (acidifier) and phytin (crystallization inhibitor) lowered urinary pH and markedly reduced ureteral stent encrustation versus placebo.
Compared diets of 20 HPP patients and 20 matched controls and related calcium/phosphorus intake to symptom frequency.
Compared diets of 20 HPP patients and 20 matched controls and related calcium/phosphorus intake to symptom frequency.
Double-blind RCT in adults with dentine hypersensitivity showing the calcium-silicate/sodium-phosphate toothpaste reduced sensitivity versus control over 14–29 days.
Double-blind RCT in adults with dentine hypersensitivity showing the calcium-silicate/sodium-phosphate toothpaste reduced sensitivity versus control over 14–29 days.
Randomized trial in people ≥80 years with osteopenia comparing calcium+alfacalcidol ± alendronate over 18 months; assessed BMD, fractures, falls and biomarkers.
Randomized trial in people ≥80 years with osteopenia comparing calcium+alfacalcidol ± alendronate over 18 months; assessed BMD, fractures, falls and biomarkers.
Retrospective single-center study of ICU patients on citrate CVVH identifying factors that influence total/ionized calcium ratio (a marker of citrate accumulation).
Retrospective single-center study of ICU patients on citrate CVVH identifying factors that influence total/ionized calcium ratio (a marker of citrate accumulation).
Retrospective single-center study of ICU patients on citrate CVVH identifying factors that influence total/ionized calcium ratio (a marker of citrate accumulation).
Randomized PK study (75 randomized, 73 completed) comparing daily, weekly and bi-weekly high-dose cholecalciferol regimens in vitamin D–deficient healthy adults; daily dosing gave higher 25(OH)D exposure without safety signals.
Randomized PK study (75 randomized, 73 completed) comparing daily, weekly and bi-weekly high-dose cholecalciferol regimens in vitamin D–deficient healthy adults; daily dosing gave higher 25(OH)D exposure without safety signals.
In women doing a 4-month exercise program, adding a protein- and micronutrient-fortified milk (contains calcium) did not improve the primary stair-climb power but produced small gains in lean mass and reductions in fat.
In women doing a 4-month exercise program, adding a protein- and micronutrient-fortified milk (contains calcium) did not improve the primary stair-climb power but produced small gains in lean mass and reductions in fat.
In 60 patients with irreversible pulpitis, calcium hydroxide mixed with lidocaine reduced postoperative spontaneous pain compared with calcium hydroxide mixed with saline during the first 4 days.
Randomized trial (5 groups) testing violet LED with/without peroxide gels for tooth whitening; LED+HP gave largest color change, LED alone least; tooth sensitivity varied by protocol; enamel Ca/P ratio did not decrease after treatments.
Randomized trial (5 groups) testing violet LED with/without peroxide gels for tooth whitening; LED+HP gave largest color change, LED alone least; tooth sensitivity varied by protocol; enamel Ca/P ratio did not decrease after treatments.
Adults with traumatic hemorrhagic shock receiving prehospital plasma had higher rates of hypocalcemia on admission; hypocalcemia predicted lower survival and greater need for massive transfusion.
Adults with traumatic hemorrhagic shock receiving prehospital plasma had higher rates of hypocalcemia on admission; hypocalcemia predicted lower survival and greater need for massive transfusion.
Randomized trial in 92 children comparing fluoride varnishes with/without calcium-containing agents; all groups reduced cariogenic bacteria at 1 month, and varnish with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) showed greater and longer reductions up to 3 months.
Randomized trial in 92 children comparing fluoride varnishes with/without calcium-containing agents; all groups reduced cariogenic bacteria at 1 month, and varnish with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) showed greater and longer reductions up to 3 months.
Prospective randomized trial of partial pulpotomy in immature permanent teeth comparing iRoot BP Plus vs calcium hydroxide; 99 teeth analyzed and both materials had similar survival and root development, but the calcific bridge was thinner with iRoot BP Plus.
Prospective randomized trial of partial pulpotomy in immature permanent teeth comparing iRoot BP Plus vs calcium hydroxide; 99 teeth analyzed and both materials had similar survival and root development, but the calcific bridge was thinner with iRoot BP Plus.
Experimental marketplace study testing how sugar taxes and front‑of‑pack labels changed nutrient density of snack purchases.
Experimental marketplace study testing how sugar taxes and front‑of‑pack labels changed nutrient density of snack purchases.
Experimental marketplace study testing how sugar taxes and front‑of‑pack labels changed nutrient density of snack purchases.
Single‑dose, randomized two‑period crossover in healthy adults comparing pharmacokinetics of calcium glucoheptonate versus calcium carbonate.
Single‑dose, randomized two‑period crossover in healthy adults comparing pharmacokinetics of calcium glucoheptonate versus calcium carbonate.
Single‑dose, randomized two‑period crossover in healthy adults comparing pharmacokinetics of calcium glucoheptonate versus calcium carbonate.
Randomized trial testing personalized magnesium supplementation to lower dietary Ca:Mg ratio; in adults >65 with high Ca:Mg ratio, lowering the ratio improved cognition and altered APOE methylation.
Randomized trial testing personalized magnesium supplementation to lower dietary Ca:Mg ratio; in adults >65 with high Ca:Mg ratio, lowering the ratio improved cognition and altered APOE methylation.
Randomized trial testing personalized magnesium supplementation to lower dietary Ca:Mg ratio; in adults >65 with high Ca:Mg ratio, lowering the ratio improved cognition and altered APOE methylation.
In severely obese adults over 12 weeks, a traditional Brazilian diet increased spine and hip BMD and lowered PTH, while extra virgin olive oil supplementation increased serum calcium.
In overweight/obese adults licogliflozin increased loose stools and bowel movements; reducing meal carbohydrate reduced stool effects, and calcium carbonate 1 g did not alter the stool changes.
In overweight/obese adults licogliflozin increased loose stools and bowel movements; reducing meal carbohydrate reduced stool effects, and calcium carbonate 1 g did not alter the stool changes.
In overweight/obese adults licogliflozin increased loose stools and bowel movements; reducing meal carbohydrate reduced stool effects, and calcium carbonate 1 g did not alter the stool changes.
Phase 1 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of TransCon PTH showing dose-dependent increases in serum calcium with maintained urinary calcium excretion and increased renal phosphate excretion.
Phase 1 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of TransCon PTH showing dose-dependent increases in serum calcium with maintained urinary calcium excretion and increased renal phosphate excretion.
Small randomized study in postmenopausal women showing 12 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise increased PTH and vitamin D and altered ECG P-R interval; calcium changes not reported as significant.
100 adults ≥50 y in a randomized cross-over trial: monthly vitamin D alone produced higher compliance than daily vitamin D+calcium, with similar changes in 25(OH)D.
Small randomized study in postmenopausal osteopenic women: adding bioactive collagen peptides to calcium+vitamin D lowered bone turnover markers over 3 months compared with calcium+vitamin D alone.
Adding IV calcium gluconate to morphine rapidly and substantially reduced abdominal pain from lead poisoning versus morphine alone.
Adding IV calcium gluconate to morphine rapidly and substantially reduced abdominal pain from lead poisoning versus morphine alone.
Six months of a vitamin D + calcium + leucine‑enriched whey protein drink (up to 2 servings/day) did not impair kidney function or cause vitamin D/calcium toxicity in sarcopenic older adults.
In colorectal adenoma patients, 1.0 or 2.0 g/day calcium for 4 months did not change circulating inflammation or oxidative stress biomarkers.
Randomized trial in severe acute pancreatitis where combination therapy improved clinical outcomes and raised serum calcium compared with conventional care.
Large group-randomized after-school intervention (calcium-rich snacks, physical activity, education) in 6–9 year olds that produced modest improvements in bone-related behaviors and small improvements in bone stiffness for some groups.
Large group-randomized after-school intervention (calcium-rich snacks, physical activity, education) in 6–9 year olds that produced modest improvements in bone-related behaviors and small improvements in bone stiffness for some groups.
Large group-randomized after-school intervention (calcium-rich snacks, physical activity, education) in 6–9 year olds that produced modest improvements in bone-related behaviors and small improvements in bone stiffness for some groups.
Multicenter randomized intrapatient trial (n=100 treated, efficacy n=87) comparing a β-TCP–rich biphasic calcium phosphate putty to autograft for posterolateral spinal fusion; fusion rates were similar and noninferiority was demonstrated at 1 year.
Multicenter randomized intrapatient trial (n=100 treated, efficacy n=87) comparing a β-TCP–rich biphasic calcium phosphate putty to autograft for posterolateral spinal fusion; fusion rates were similar and noninferiority was demonstrated at 1 year.
A 6-week social media plus text-message program modestly improved calcium knowledge and produced small, non-significant increases in calcium intake, with greater engagement when texts were added.
A 6-week social media plus text-message program modestly improved calcium knowledge and produced small, non-significant increases in calcium intake, with greater engagement when texts were added.
A 6-week social media plus text-message program modestly improved calcium knowledge and produced small, non-significant increases in calcium intake, with greater engagement when texts were added.
Intracanal calcium hydroxide combined with ciprofloxacin reduced intracanal bacterial load more than calcium hydroxide alone or with ibuprofen after 7 days.
Intracanal calcium hydroxide combined with ciprofloxacin reduced intracanal bacterial load more than calcium hydroxide alone or with ibuprofen after 7 days.
In severely obese adults over 12 weeks, a traditional Brazilian diet increased spine and hip BMD and lowered PTH, while extra virgin olive oil supplementation increased serum calcium.
In burned critically ill patients, Plasmalyte produced similar base excess to Ringer lactate but led to higher gluconate accumulation and significantly lower ionized calcium levels.
In burned critically ill patients, Plasmalyte produced similar base excess to Ringer lactate but led to higher gluconate accumulation and significantly lower ionized calcium levels.
Multicentre RCT found no evidence that rosuvastatin prevented aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity by primary KIM-1 outcome, though some secondary NGAL measures suggested possible benefit; overall inconclusive.
Multicentre RCT found no evidence that rosuvastatin prevented aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity by primary KIM-1 outcome, though some secondary NGAL measures suggested possible benefit; overall inconclusive.
Multicentre RCT found no evidence that rosuvastatin prevented aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity by primary KIM-1 outcome, though some secondary NGAL measures suggested possible benefit; overall inconclusive.
Prospective randomized trial comparing biphasic calcium phosphate graft vs deproteinized bovine bone for sinus augmentation (56 patients, 60 sinuses); both materials showed similar biocompatibility and osteoconductivity at 6 months.
Low-dose vitamin K2 reduced femoral neck bone loss in postmenopausal women; adding calcium + vitamin D3 provided no extra benefit.
Low-dose vitamin K2 reduced femoral neck bone loss in postmenopausal women; adding calcium + vitamin D3 provided no extra benefit.
Low-dose vitamin K2 reduced femoral neck bone loss in postmenopausal women; adding calcium + vitamin D3 provided no extra benefit.
Higher circulating ApoCIII-Lp(a) (with OxPL) identifies patients with mild-moderate aortic stenosis who progress faster and have higher rates of valve replacement or cardiac death.
Higher circulating ApoCIII-Lp(a) (with OxPL) identifies patients with mild-moderate aortic stenosis who progress faster and have higher rates of valve replacement or cardiac death.
Low early postoperative PTH reliably predicts later hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy and identifies patients needing higher calcium supplementation.
Low early postoperative PTH reliably predicts later hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy and identifies patients needing higher calcium supplementation.
In root canal treatment of necrotic single-rooted teeth, calcium hydroxide paste produced similar post-operative pain and flare-up rates compared with propolis paste.
In healthy men, concomitant oral calcium reduced molidustat exposure (notably Cmax) but did not alter the erythropoietin (EPO) pharmacodynamic response.
In healthy men, concomitant oral calcium reduced molidustat exposure (notably Cmax) but did not alter the erythropoietin (EPO) pharmacodynamic response.
In healthy men, concomitant oral calcium reduced molidustat exposure (notably Cmax) but did not alter the erythropoietin (EPO) pharmacodynamic response.
Large human study included a clinical cohort where calcium plus vitamin D was used as a comparator; denosumab treatment reduced DPP4 and improved GLP-1 and glycemic control compared with calcium plus vitamin D in observational cohort analysis.
Large human study included a clinical cohort where calcium plus vitamin D was used as a comparator; denosumab treatment reduced DPP4 and improved GLP-1 and glycemic control compared with calcium plus vitamin D in observational cohort analysis.
Large human study included a clinical cohort where calcium plus vitamin D was used as a comparator; denosumab treatment reduced DPP4 and improved GLP-1 and glycemic control compared with calcium plus vitamin D in observational cohort analysis.
A synthetic, partially resorbable calcium-phosphate–containing bone substitute performed similarly to Bio-Oss® in preserving post-extraction alveolar ridge dimensions and promoted greater osteoid formation and resorption/replacement by new bone.
A synthetic, partially resorbable calcium-phosphate–containing bone substitute performed similarly to Bio-Oss® in preserving post-extraction alveolar ridge dimensions and promoted greater osteoid formation and resorption/replacement by new bone.
A synthetic, partially resorbable calcium-phosphate–containing bone substitute performed similarly to Bio-Oss® in preserving post-extraction alveolar ridge dimensions and promoted greater osteoid formation and resorption/replacement by new bone.
Vitamin D with or without calcium modestly reduced postpartum depression scores; no change in estradiol or inflammatory markers between groups.
Vitamin D with or without calcium modestly reduced postpartum depression scores; no change in estradiol or inflammatory markers between groups.
Vitamin D with or without calcium modestly reduced postpartum depression scores; no change in estradiol or inflammatory markers between groups.
Adding somatostatin enema to standard care shortened symptom recovery and decreased inflammation; blood calcium rose after treatment.
Tricalcium silicate pulpotomy in primary molars showed high long-term success, slightly higher than formocresol but not statistically significant.
Tricalcium silicate pulpotomy in primary molars showed high long-term success, slightly higher than formocresol but not statistically significant.
Using a silicate-substituted calcium phosphate bone substitute produced similar knee stability, function, and complication rates as autologous bone graft at ~3 years.
Using a silicate-substituted calcium phosphate bone substitute produced similar knee stability, function, and complication rates as autologous bone graft at ~3 years.
Using a silicate-substituted calcium phosphate bone substitute produced similar knee stability, function, and complication rates as autologous bone graft at ~3 years.
In CKD patients, paricalcitol lowered PTH substantially and increased circulating FGF23 over 12 weeks.
A single 300,000 IU dose (stoss) raised vitamin D to similar week-4 levels as weekly dosing, with lower levels by week-12; no calcium or PTH abnormalities at week-4.
A single 300,000 IU dose (stoss) raised vitamin D to similar week-4 levels as weekly dosing, with lower levels by week-12; no calcium or PTH abnormalities at week-4.
A single 300,000 IU dose (stoss) raised vitamin D to similar week-4 levels as weekly dosing, with lower levels by week-12; no calcium or PTH abnormalities at week-4.
A machine-learning model that included coronary artery calcium improved long-term prediction of MI and cardiac death compared with standard risk scores and CAC alone.
A machine-learning model that included coronary artery calcium improved long-term prediction of MI and cardiac death compared with standard risk scores and CAC alone.
Randomized single-blind RCT in 40 older women testing daily yogurt fortified with vitamin D3 (200 IU per pot twice daily) and calcium (400 mg per pot twice daily) for 3 months versus control yogurt; measured gait variability, cognition, grip strength and serum 25OHD.
Randomized single-blind RCT in 40 older women testing daily yogurt fortified with vitamin D3 (200 IU per pot twice daily) and calcium (400 mg per pot twice daily) for 3 months versus control yogurt; measured gait variability, cognition, grip strength and serum 25OHD.
Randomized single-blind RCT in 40 older women testing daily yogurt fortified with vitamin D3 (200 IU per pot twice daily) and calcium (400 mg per pot twice daily) for 3 months versus control yogurt; measured gait variability, cognition, grip strength and serum 25OHD.
Double-blind RCT in healthy young adults (33 enrolled, 30 completed) randomized to 600, 4000 or 10,000 IU/day vitamin D3 for 24 weeks assessing serum 25(OH)D, PTH, calcium and genome-wide gene expression in white blood cells.
90-day randomized trial in 30 healthy adults comparing Aquamin (multi-mineral product delivering 800 mg calcium/day) vs calcium alone vs placebo; collected colon biopsies and stool pre/post to assess microbiota and metabolomics.
90-day randomized trial in 30 healthy adults comparing Aquamin (multi-mineral product delivering 800 mg calcium/day) vs calcium alone vs placebo; collected colon biopsies and stool pre/post to assess microbiota and metabolomics.
90-day randomized trial in 30 healthy adults comparing Aquamin (multi-mineral product delivering 800 mg calcium/day) vs calcium alone vs placebo; collected colon biopsies and stool pre/post to assess microbiota and metabolomics.
Randomized dietary trial comparing isolipidic diets with different fat sources (including milk fat with added calcium) on LDL and other cardiovascular markers.
Randomized dietary trial comparing isolipidic diets with different fat sources (including milk fat with added calcium) on LDL and other cardiovascular markers.
Randomized clinical study testing calcium hydroxide (with or without ibuprofen or ciprofloxacin) on RANKL and OPG levels in periapical lesions.
In a multicenter randomized trial, a biphasic synthetic bone filler (60% calcium sulfate/40% hydroxyapatite) was noninferior to autologous iliac bone graft for patient-reported physical function and pain at 26 weeks, with lower early postoperative pain and less intraoperative blood loss.
Compared two thyroid surgery techniques; LSJ shortened operation time and reduced intraoperative blood loss; postoperative calcium and parathyroid hormone changes were similar between groups.
In a multicenter randomized trial, a biphasic synthetic bone filler (60% calcium sulfate/40% hydroxyapatite) was noninferior to autologous iliac bone graft for patient-reported physical function and pain at 26 weeks, with lower early postoperative pain and less intraoperative blood loss.
In liver surgery patients, Plasmalyte-148 led to lower ionized calcium, lower clotting times, less blood loss and fewer postoperative hemoglobin drops compared with Hartmann's solution.
Oral calcium carbonate produced modest changes in serum calcification propensity correlated with rises in serum calcium; some regulators (pyrophosphate, fetuin-A) showed correlations with serum calcium, but between-group differences were limited.
In a double-blind randomized trial, the combination of CPP-ACPF paste (a calcium/phosphate/flouride complex) plus photobiomodulation produced the largest and durable reductions in dentin hypersensitivity and improved patient-reported oral quality of life at one month.
In a double-blind randomized trial, the combination of CPP-ACPF paste (a calcium/phosphate/flouride complex) plus photobiomodulation produced the largest and durable reductions in dentin hypersensitivity and improved patient-reported oral quality of life at one month.
In a double-blind randomized trial, the combination of CPP-ACPF paste (a calcium/phosphate/flouride complex) plus photobiomodulation produced the largest and durable reductions in dentin hypersensitivity and improved patient-reported oral quality of life at one month.
In 373 older adults randomized to 400, 4,000, or 10,000 IU/day vitamin D, higher doses raised urine calcium excretion and caused rare mild transient hypercalcemia, while serum calcium and safety events were otherwise similar.
In postmenopausal women receiving bisphosphonates (with daily calcium and vitamin D), bone turnover markers fell and an early positive bone balance developed, changes that were associated with later increases in spine and hip BMD.
In postmenopausal women receiving bisphosphonates (with daily calcium and vitamin D), bone turnover markers fell and an early positive bone balance developed, changes that were associated with later increases in spine and hip BMD.
In 127 high‑caries‑risk preschool children, CPP‑ACP dentifrice reduced salivary Streptococcus mutans; CPP‑ACP produced the largest reduction over 6 months compared with fluoride alone or sequential use.
In 127 high‑caries‑risk preschool children, CPP‑ACP dentifrice reduced salivary Streptococcus mutans; CPP‑ACP produced the largest reduction over 6 months compared with fluoride alone or sequential use.
Using near-infrared autofluorescence to identify parathyroid glands during total thyroidectomy reduced early postoperative hypocalcemia and improved parathyroid preservation.
Using near-infrared autofluorescence to identify parathyroid glands during total thyroidectomy reduced early postoperative hypocalcemia and improved parathyroid preservation.
Using near-infrared autofluorescence to identify parathyroid glands during total thyroidectomy reduced early postoperative hypocalcemia and improved parathyroid preservation.
Three months of atorvastatin (20 mg/day) in recurrent calcium-stone formers did not change 24-h urinary metabolites or urinary markers of oxidative stress and tubular injury.
Three months of atorvastatin (20 mg/day) in recurrent calcium-stone formers did not change 24-h urinary metabolites or urinary markers of oxidative stress and tubular injury.
Three months of atorvastatin (20 mg/day) in recurrent calcium-stone formers did not change 24-h urinary metabolites or urinary markers of oxidative stress and tubular injury.
Small randomized supplementation trial showing baseline DNA methylation patterns predict how much 25(OH)D rises after vitamin D3.
Small randomized supplementation trial showing baseline DNA methylation patterns predict how much 25(OH)D rises after vitamin D3.
Randomized trial in severe acute pancreatitis where combination therapy improved clinical outcomes and raised serum calcium compared with conventional care.
Small randomized study: adding Greek yogurt (source of protein and calcium) to exercise increased bone formation markers versus placebo.
In 100 women having hysteroscopy, manual infusion reduced infused and collected fluid volumes versus pump infusion; small postoperative decreases in serum calcium occurred in both groups and second postoperative pain was higher with manual infusion.
In 100 women having hysteroscopy, manual infusion reduced infused and collected fluid volumes versus pump infusion; small postoperative decreases in serum calcium occurred in both groups and second postoperative pain was higher with manual infusion.
In 100 women having hysteroscopy, manual infusion reduced infused and collected fluid volumes versus pump infusion; small postoperative decreases in serum calcium occurred in both groups and second postoperative pain was higher with manual infusion.
Randomized trial in 60 children comparing three fluoride varnishes (one containing CPP‑ACP, a calcium‑phosphate carrier); no significant differences between varnish types and no effect of prior oral prophylaxis on S. mutans counts.
Daily CPP-ACP (Tooth Mousse) reduced Streptococcus mutans counts in plaque of high-caries preschool children over 15 days, but reduction was not significantly greater than placebo plus health education.
Randomized trial in 60 children comparing three fluoride varnishes (one containing CPP‑ACP, a calcium‑phosphate carrier); no significant differences between varnish types and no effect of prior oral prophylaxis on S. mutans counts.
Randomized double‑blind trial in 160 perimenopausal women comparing placebo, soy isoflavone, calcium, and soy+calcium; soy, calcium, and the combination attenuated BMD loss, with the combination producing greater improvements than either alone.
Randomized double‑blind trial in 160 perimenopausal women comparing placebo, soy isoflavone, calcium, and soy+calcium; soy, calcium, and the combination attenuated BMD loss, with the combination producing greater improvements than either alone.
Two-year RCT of dried beancurd (contains isoflavones, calcium, protein) vs rice cake showing improved lumbar spine BMD in postmenopausal women.
Two-year RCT of dried beancurd (contains isoflavones, calcium, protein) vs rice cake showing improved lumbar spine BMD in postmenopausal women.
Randomized multicenter study comparing preventive, reactive, and predictive strategies to manage transient hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy.
Randomized multicenter study comparing preventive, reactive, and predictive strategies to manage transient hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy.
Randomized multicenter study comparing preventive, reactive, and predictive strategies to manage transient hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy.
Small randomized open-label trial comparing Ayurvedic formulation plus vitamin D3 and calcium vs vitamin D3 and calcium alone in osteopenia; found improved BMD and biomarkers with add-on therapy.
Small randomized open-label trial comparing Ayurvedic formulation plus vitamin D3 and calcium vs vitamin D3 and calcium alone in osteopenia; found improved BMD and biomarkers with add-on therapy.
Small randomized open-label trial comparing Ayurvedic formulation plus vitamin D3 and calcium vs vitamin D3 and calcium alone in osteopenia; found improved BMD and biomarkers with add-on therapy.
Higher total calcium intake (around 1200–1600 mg/day) was associated with lower risk of certain colorectal precancerous lesions and distal colorectal cancer; effects were strongest when Ca:Mg ratio was 1.7–2.5.
Higher total calcium intake (around 1200–1600 mg/day) was associated with lower risk of certain colorectal precancerous lesions and distal colorectal cancer; effects were strongest when Ca:Mg ratio was 1.7–2.5.
Higher total calcium intake (around 1200–1600 mg/day) was associated with lower risk of certain colorectal precancerous lesions and distal colorectal cancer; effects were strongest when Ca:Mg ratio was 1.7–2.5.
In premenopausal women, urinary isoflavone excretion modified the relationship between serum calcium and blood pressure — isoflavone exposure tended to normalize systolic BP responses to varying calcium levels and reduced diastolic BP modestly.
Infants fed an amino-acid formula maintained normal blood phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium after 16 weeks, including those on acid-suppressive drugs.
Infants fed an amino-acid formula maintained normal blood phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium after 16 weeks, including those on acid-suppressive drugs.
In adherent premenopausal women, soy isoflavone exposure decreased whole-body bone mineral density only when serum calcium was low; hip and spine BMD were unaffected.
In adherent premenopausal women, soy isoflavone exposure decreased whole-body bone mineral density only when serum calcium was low; hip and spine BMD were unaffected.
In adherent premenopausal women, soy isoflavone exposure decreased whole-body bone mineral density only when serum calcium was low; hip and spine BMD were unaffected.
In adolescents, milk powder fortified with calcium (300–900 mg/day) plus vitamin D for 1.5 years did not produce greater bone density gains versus control, but altered PTH and IGF-1.
An ACP-containing adhesive reduced enamel demineralization during 6 months of orthodontic treatment.
Restorations with calcium silicate cement (Biodentine) were associated with more plaque and greater gingival inflammation vs glass‑ionomer over 6 months.
Restorations with calcium silicate cement (Biodentine) were associated with more plaque and greater gingival inflammation vs glass‑ionomer over 6 months.
Restorations with calcium silicate cement (Biodentine) were associated with more plaque and greater gingival inflammation vs glass‑ionomer over 6 months.
Cross-sectional study showing long-term environmental cadmium exposure alters urinary mineral balance, including increased urinary calcium.
PTH therapy let most patients reduce or stop oral calcium while keeping blood calcium normal.
A limeade-based supplement (containing potassium and citrate) for 6 months increased urinary pH, citrate and potassium excretion, reduced urinary calcium and oxalate, improved antioxidant status and lowered urinary supersaturation in recurrent stone patients.
One year of 1.2 g/day elemental calcium lowered total and undercarboxylated osteocalcin but did not change HbA1c or body composition.
One year of 1.2 g/day elemental calcium lowered total and undercarboxylated osteocalcin but did not change HbA1c or body composition.
One year of 1.2 g/day elemental calcium lowered total and undercarboxylated osteocalcin but did not change HbA1c or body composition.
A 13-week vitamin D, calcium and leucine-enriched whey protein supplement increased 25(OH)D, suppressed PTH and produced small but positive increases in total-body BMD.
Extended-hours haemodialysis lowered serum phosphate, produced a small increase in serum calcium, and did not change PTH over 12 months.
Hydrogen-peroxide bleaching reduced enamel calcium and phosphorus versus baseline and increased tooth sensitivity (in‑office technique produced the least sensitivity).
Hydrogen-peroxide bleaching reduced enamel calcium and phosphorus versus baseline and increased tooth sensitivity (in‑office technique produced the least sensitivity).
Hydrogen-peroxide bleaching reduced enamel calcium and phosphorus versus baseline and increased tooth sensitivity (in‑office technique produced the least sensitivity).
Randomized double‑blind trial in 24 patients: adding CPP‑ACP reduced tooth sensitivity at day 3 and did not impair bleaching efficacy.
Adding calcium to bleaching gel reduced transient tooth sensitivity; bleaching remained effective.
Cooking rice with slaked lime substantially increased rice calcium content in a dose-dependent way and fortified rice was acceptable to participants, especially when served with other foods.
Cooking rice with slaked lime substantially increased rice calcium content in a dose-dependent way and fortified rice was acceptable to participants, especially when served with other foods.
In this randomized double-blind trial, calcium phosphate-coated and uncoated SLA dental implants had comparable 1-year survival and marginal bone stability with no complications.
In this randomized double-blind trial, calcium phosphate-coated and uncoated SLA dental implants had comparable 1-year survival and marginal bone stability with no complications.
In this randomized double-blind trial, calcium phosphate-coated and uncoated SLA dental implants had comparable 1-year survival and marginal bone stability with no complications.
Three crossover PK studies in healthy subjects showed lusutrombopag exposure was not meaningfully affected by coadministration of calcium carbonate and only slightly decreased with food.
Three crossover PK studies in healthy subjects showed lusutrombopag exposure was not meaningfully affected by coadministration of calcium carbonate and only slightly decreased with food.
Three crossover PK studies in healthy subjects showed lusutrombopag exposure was not meaningfully affected by coadministration of calcium carbonate and only slightly decreased with food.
Toothpaste containing 5% fluorocalcium phosphosilicate reduced dentine hypersensitivity more than arginine-calcium carbonate toothpaste or placebo over one month.
Toothpaste containing 5% fluorocalcium phosphosilicate reduced dentine hypersensitivity more than arginine-calcium carbonate toothpaste or placebo over one month.
Application of a potassium oxalate strip plus brushing reduced tooth sensitivity more than brushing with arginine calcium carbonate toothpaste over 4 weeks.
Application of a potassium oxalate strip plus brushing reduced tooth sensitivity more than brushing with arginine calcium carbonate toothpaste over 4 weeks.
Application of a potassium oxalate strip plus brushing reduced tooth sensitivity more than brushing with arginine calcium carbonate toothpaste over 4 weeks.
In postmenopausal women, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation appeared to mitigate the increased stroke risk caused by conjugated equine estrogen.
In postmenopausal women, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation appeared to mitigate the increased stroke risk caused by conjugated equine estrogen.
In postmenopausal women, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation appeared to mitigate the increased stroke risk caused by conjugated equine estrogen.
Large Mendelian randomisation study (primary UK Biobank analysis) testing causal effects of maternal circulating calcium (and 25[OH]D) on offspring birth weight, triangulated with instrumental-variable analyses from RCTs.
Large Mendelian randomisation study (primary UK Biobank analysis) testing causal effects of maternal circulating calcium (and 25[OH]D) on offspring birth weight, triangulated with instrumental-variable analyses from RCTs.
Large Mendelian randomisation study (primary UK Biobank analysis) testing causal effects of maternal circulating calcium (and 25[OH]D) on offspring birth weight, triangulated with instrumental-variable analyses from RCTs.
Multicenter randomized trial comparing rhPDGF-BB combined with beta-tricalcium phosphate–collagen matrix (a calcium phosphate graft substitute) versus autograft for ankle/hindfoot fusion; demonstrated noninferiority.
Multicenter randomized trial comparing rhPDGF-BB combined with beta-tricalcium phosphate–collagen matrix (a calcium phosphate graft substitute) versus autograft for ankle/hindfoot fusion; demonstrated noninferiority.
Randomized trial in children comparing three cavity liners (calcium hydroxide, MTA, Portland cement) after selective caries removal; all liners performed similarly over 12 months.
Randomized trial in children comparing three cavity liners (calcium hydroxide, MTA, Portland cement) after selective caries removal; all liners performed similarly over 12 months.
Crossover RCT (64 completers) where 1 L/day of mineral water (bicarbonated vs low-mineral) for 8 weeks reduced LDL and fasting glucose; bicarbonated water increased urine pH and decreased urinary calcium/creatinine ratio.
Children with early caries using fluoride toothpaste, CPP-ACP crème (contains calcium), or both showed mineral gain in lesions over 6 months; no group was superior and combination provided no added benefit.
Children with early caries using fluoride toothpaste, CPP-ACP crème (contains calcium), or both showed mineral gain in lesions over 6 months; no group was superior and combination provided no added benefit.
Children with early caries using fluoride toothpaste, CPP-ACP crème (contains calcium), or both showed mineral gain in lesions over 6 months; no group was superior and combination provided no added benefit.
In early postmenopausal overweight/obese women on hypocaloric diets, calcium + vitamin D supplements better preserved BMD while increased low-fat dairy produced larger fat loss and better preservation of lean mass compared with diet alone.
In early postmenopausal overweight/obese women on hypocaloric diets, calcium + vitamin D supplements better preserved BMD while increased low-fat dairy produced larger fat loss and better preservation of lean mass compared with diet alone.
In early postmenopausal overweight/obese women on hypocaloric diets, calcium + vitamin D supplements better preserved BMD while increased low-fat dairy produced larger fat loss and better preservation of lean mass compared with diet alone.
In early postmenopausal overweight/obese women on hypocaloric diets, calcium + vitamin D supplements better preserved BMD while increased low-fat dairy produced larger fat loss and better preservation of lean mass compared with diet alone.
198 patients with deep caries received partial caries removal and were randomized to calcium hydroxide, RMGIC, or no liner; high success rates with no difference between groups.
In children needing pulpotomy, MTA gave best outcomes; calcium hydroxide mixed with PEG was better than calcium hydroxide with saline but both were inferior to MTA at 12 months.
In children needing pulpotomy, MTA gave best outcomes; calcium hydroxide mixed with PEG was better than calcium hydroxide with saline but both were inferior to MTA at 12 months.
In children needing pulpotomy, MTA gave best outcomes; calcium hydroxide mixed with PEG was better than calcium hydroxide with saline but both were inferior to MTA at 12 months.
Five-year RCT comparing short (5×5 mm) calcium‑incorporated implants versus longer implants in augmented bone: similar failure rates, fewer mandibular graft complications and slightly less peri-implant bone loss with short implants.
Five-year RCT comparing short (5×5 mm) calcium‑incorporated implants versus longer implants in augmented bone: similar failure rates, fewer mandibular graft complications and slightly less peri-implant bone loss with short implants.
Five-year RCT comparing short (5×5 mm) calcium‑incorporated implants versus longer implants in augmented bone: similar failure rates, fewer mandibular graft complications and slightly less peri-implant bone loss with short implants.
Randomized trial in permanent molars with pulp exposure: direct pulp capping with MTA had higher success and less postoperative pain than calcium hydroxide at 1 year.
Randomized trial in permanent molars with pulp exposure: direct pulp capping with MTA had higher success and less postoperative pain than calcium hydroxide at 1 year.
Eldecalcitol increased lumbar and hip bone mineral density more than alfacalcidol in osteoporotic patients not receiving vitamin D or calcium supplements.
Switching elderly hemodialysis patients to lower dialysate calcium (1.25 mmol/L) lowered serum calcium and Ca×P, raised iPTH, and improved vascular calcification indices over 12 months.
A toothpaste containing small-particle calcium sodium phosphosilicate reduced dentin sensitivity over 8 weeks, similar to an arginine toothpaste.
A toothpaste containing small-particle calcium sodium phosphosilicate reduced dentin sensitivity over 8 weeks, similar to an arginine toothpaste.
All toothpastes reduced dentin sensitivity; 5% CSPS improved tactile threshold at Week 4 versus an abrasivity-matched 0% formulation, but between-treatment differences were small and inconsistent.
A toothpaste containing small-particle calcium sodium phosphosilicate reduced dentin sensitivity over 8 weeks, similar to an arginine toothpaste.
Daily supplemental calcium (1200 mg) modestly increased rectal mucosal expression of tight-junction proteins and MUC12 after one year, with stronger effects in participants with lower baseline vitamin D.
Daily supplemental calcium (1200 mg) modestly increased rectal mucosal expression of tight-junction proteins and MUC12 after one year, with stronger effects in participants with lower baseline vitamin D.
Daily supplemental calcium (1200 mg) modestly increased rectal mucosal expression of tight-junction proteins and MUC12 after one year, with stronger effects in participants with lower baseline vitamin D.
Adding hemoperfusion (especially HA330-RHA) to hemodialysis reduced pruritus and inflammation and lowered PTH compared with hemodialysis alone.
In healthy older men, 12 months of calcium (1000 mg/day) plus vitamin D3 fortified milk did not improve quality of life or depressive symptoms versus control.
In healthy older men, 12 months of calcium (1000 mg/day) plus vitamin D3 fortified milk did not improve quality of life or depressive symptoms versus control.
In 23 children/teens with cystic fibrosis, calcitriol reduced airway IL-17A and improved serum calcium/PTH/phosphorus; low-dose cholecalciferol reduced airway IL-23.
In 23 children/teens with cystic fibrosis, calcitriol reduced airway IL-17A and improved serum calcium/PTH/phosphorus; low-dose cholecalciferol reduced airway IL-23.
In 23 children/teens with cystic fibrosis, calcitriol reduced airway IL-17A and improved serum calcium/PTH/phosphorus; low-dose cholecalciferol reduced airway IL-23.
Single-dose randomized PK study in healthy adults found the 100,000 IU soft capsule form produced higher 25(OH)D exposure (AUC, Cmax) than ampoule; PTH fell and serum calcium remained stable.
Single-dose randomized PK study in healthy adults found the 100,000 IU soft capsule form produced higher 25(OH)D exposure (AUC, Cmax) than ampoule; PTH fell and serum calcium remained stable.
Single-dose randomized PK study in healthy adults found the 100,000 IU soft capsule form produced higher 25(OH)D exposure (AUC, Cmax) than ampoule; PTH fell and serum calcium remained stable.
Genetic variants in VDR and DBP were associated with baseline vitamin D status and bone turnover markers, and genotype (combined GRS) modified the response of 25OHD to calcium plus vitamin D supplementation during training.
Ca + D reduced some bone turnover markers, increased 25OHD, and showed a season-specific greater increase in bone strength index (summer only); little other effect on bone tissue.
Ca + D reduced some bone turnover markers, increased 25OHD, and showed a season-specific greater increase in bone strength index (summer only); little other effect on bone tissue.
Ca + D reduced some bone turnover markers, increased 25OHD, and showed a season-specific greater increase in bone strength index (summer only); little other effect on bone tissue.
Pooled clinical trials show etelcalcetide lowers PTH but commonly reduces blood calcium and can prolong QT; adverse effects are generally manageable with monitoring.
Pooled clinical trials show etelcalcetide lowers PTH but commonly reduces blood calcium and can prolong QT; adverse effects are generally manageable with monitoring.
Pooled clinical trials show etelcalcetide lowers PTH but commonly reduces blood calcium and can prolong QT; adverse effects are generally manageable with monitoring.
A surgical technique preserving superior parathyroid blood supply reduced early postoperative hypocalcemia and low parathyroid hormone compared with conventional surgery.
Teriparatide given after thyroidectomy reduced low calcium events, shortened hospital stay, and decreased need for postdischarge calcium pills.
A surgical technique preserving superior parathyroid blood supply reduced early postoperative hypocalcemia and low parathyroid hormone compared with conventional surgery.
Parathyroidectomy lowered total cholesterol and, in patients with higher baseline ionized calcium, reduced arterial stiffness (PWV); ambulatory diastolic BP increased.
Parathyroidectomy lowered total cholesterol and, in patients with higher baseline ionized calcium, reduced arterial stiffness (PWV); ambulatory diastolic BP increased.
In dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, IV etelcalcetide over 1 year reduced PTH and lowered blood calcium and phosphate; hypocalcemia occurred in some patients.
Daily vitamin D3 (600, 1000, 2000 IU) in deficient children increased vitamin D levels and substantially reduced secondary hyperparathyroidism; 2000 IU was most effective and no hypercalcaemia occurred.
In children with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet, 3 months of oligofructose-enriched inulin increased some bone formation markers and limited some markers of bone resorption versus placebo.
In children with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet, 3 months of oligofructose-enriched inulin increased some bone formation markers and limited some markers of bone resorption versus placebo.
In children with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet, 3 months of oligofructose-enriched inulin increased some bone formation markers and limited some markers of bone resorption versus placebo.
In children receiving pulpotomy, using calcium hydroxide paste produced clinical and radiographic success rates similar to zinc oxide–eugenol over 12 months.
Posttreatment observational follow-up found no association between prior calcium supplementation and risk of recurrent colorectal adenomas at ~4.6 years.
Posttreatment observational follow-up found no association between prior calcium supplementation and risk of recurrent colorectal adenomas at ~4.6 years.
Longitudinal study in hemodialysis patients identified distinct FGF23 patterns; low serum calcium was associated with a low-stable FGF23 trajectory which linked to lower mortality.
Longitudinal study in hemodialysis patients identified distinct FGF23 patterns; low serum calcium was associated with a low-stable FGF23 trajectory which linked to lower mortality.
A perioperative multimodal nutrition protocol improved postoperative labs and recovery: higher albumin and electrolyte levels, fewer electrolyte disorders, and shorter hospital stay.
In a split‑mouth RCT in children, an amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)–containing sealant showed slightly higher 12‑month retention and lower caries scores versus a fluoride‑releasing sealant, without a significant difference.
In a split‑mouth RCT in children, an amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)–containing sealant showed slightly higher 12‑month retention and lower caries scores versus a fluoride‑releasing sealant, without a significant difference.
In primary molars, calcium hydroxide as an indirect pulp‑capping material had high clinical and radiographic success (~94.4%) at 12 months, similar to other materials.
Randomized comparison in children of two root canal filling pastes (iodoform-based vs Calen®/ZO [calcium hydroxide/ZnO]); both had high clinical/radiographic success at 12 months.
Randomized comparison in children of two root canal filling pastes (iodoform-based vs Calen®/ZO [calcium hydroxide/ZnO]); both had high clinical/radiographic success at 12 months.
Subgroup analysis of an RCT (450 randomized, 418 with follow-up) found 500 mg/day calcium reduced spinal and femoral neck bone loss over 2 years in women with lower physical activity but not in those with higher activity.
Subgroup analysis of an RCT (450 randomized, 418 with follow-up) found 500 mg/day calcium reduced spinal and femoral neck bone loss over 2 years in women with lower physical activity but not in those with higher activity.
Subgroup analysis of an RCT (450 randomized, 418 with follow-up) found 500 mg/day calcium reduced spinal and femoral neck bone loss over 2 years in women with lower physical activity but not in those with higher activity.
Randomized study in postmenopausal women: one arm received 1000 mg calcium + 800 IU vitamin D (n=102) vs placebo (n=49) for 12 weeks; overall vitamin D levels at baseline and 12 weeks were similar between groups, and the Bat VDR haplotype was associated with lower baseline vitamin D and higher nonresponse.
Randomized study in postmenopausal women: one arm received 1000 mg calcium + 800 IU vitamin D (n=102) vs placebo (n=49) for 12 weeks; overall vitamin D levels at baseline and 12 weeks were similar between groups, and the Bat VDR haplotype was associated with lower baseline vitamin D and higher nonresponse.
Multicenter randomized trial in patients with dentin hypersensitivity showed that an 8% arginine + calcium carbonate prophylaxis/toothpaste produced greater and sustained reduction in sensitivity over 24 weeks versus control.
Multicenter randomized trial in patients with dentin hypersensitivity showed that an 8% arginine + calcium carbonate prophylaxis/toothpaste produced greater and sustained reduction in sensitivity over 24 weeks versus control.
Partial pulpotomy with either ProRoot MTA or Biodentine successfully preserved teeth in children/adolescents; Biodentine caused much less grey discoloration.
Partial pulpotomy with either ProRoot MTA or Biodentine successfully preserved teeth in children/adolescents; Biodentine caused much less grey discoloration.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, higher postprandial glucose was associated with progression of coronary calcification, while higher fetuin-A was associated with less progression; serum calcium and related markers showed no association.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, higher postprandial glucose was associated with progression of coronary calcification, while higher fetuin-A was associated with less progression; serum calcium and related markers showed no association.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, higher postprandial glucose was associated with progression of coronary calcification, while higher fetuin-A was associated with less progression; serum calcium and related markers showed no association.
Supplementing pregnant women with 1000 mg Ca/day improved postpartum bone recovery at 12 months compared with placebo.
Supplementing pregnant women with 1000 mg Ca/day improved postpartum bone recovery at 12 months compared with placebo.
Supplementing pregnant women with 1000 mg Ca/day improved postpartum bone recovery at 12 months compared with placebo.
Daily calcium plus vitamin D supplementation did not affect incidence of atrial fibrillation in postmenopausal women over ~4.5 years.
Daily calcium plus vitamin D supplementation did not affect incidence of atrial fibrillation in postmenopausal women over ~4.5 years.
Daily 500 mg calcium from before pregnancy until 20 weeks did not significantly reduce recurrent pre-eclampsia overall, though highly compliant women showed fewer cases.
Daily 500 mg calcium from before pregnancy until 20 weeks did not significantly reduce recurrent pre-eclampsia overall, though highly compliant women showed fewer cases.
Daily 500 mg calcium from before pregnancy until 20 weeks did not significantly reduce recurrent pre-eclampsia overall, though highly compliant women showed fewer cases.
In people with HIV, ART type and vitamin D status associate with bone mineral density; higher serum calcium was associated with lower lumbar spine BMD.
In hemodialysis patients with osteoporosis, initial elemental calcium plus calcitriol mitigated early denosumab-induced drops in serum calcium, and both denosumab and alendronate increased lumbar spine BMD at 12 months.
In hemodialysis patients with osteoporosis, initial elemental calcium plus calcitriol mitigated early denosumab-induced drops in serum calcium, and both denosumab and alendronate increased lumbar spine BMD at 12 months.
Recruits with a dietary pattern high in calcium, potassium and protein had higher tibia bone mineral content and strength measures.
Recruits with a dietary pattern high in calcium, potassium and protein had higher tibia bone mineral content and strength measures.
Recruits with a dietary pattern high in calcium, potassium and protein had higher tibia bone mineral content and strength measures.
In non-dialysis CKD-MBD patients, Ronghuang granule improved symptoms and markers of calcium/phosphorus metabolism compared with control.
In children needing pulpotomy, Biodentine (a calcium-silicate cement) and formocresol showed similarly high clinical and radiographic success over 12 months.
In children needing pulpotomy, Biodentine (a calcium-silicate cement) and formocresol showed similarly high clinical and radiographic success over 12 months.
Randomized trial (N=302) using calcium-enriched mixture cement across four vital pulp therapies showed favorable and comparable clinical and radiographic outcomes at 1 year.
In children needing pulpotomy, Biodentine (a calcium-silicate cement) and formocresol showed similarly high clinical and radiographic success over 12 months.
Using a calcium phosphate-hybridized tendon graft reduced femoral bone tunnel enlargement at 1 year and had similar clinical outcomes to conventional grafts over 2 years.
Using a calcium phosphate-hybridized tendon graft reduced femoral bone tunnel enlargement at 1 year and had similar clinical outcomes to conventional grafts over 2 years.
Use of biphasic calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (BCS/HA) for socket preservation reduced bone and width loss and showed more vital bone vs bovine xenograft.
Use of biphasic calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (BCS/HA) for socket preservation reduced bone and width loss and showed more vital bone vs bovine xenograft.
Use of biphasic calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (BCS/HA) for socket preservation reduced bone and width loss and showed more vital bone vs bovine xenograft.
Oral activated charcoal delayed hyperphosphatemia and reduced serum phosphate; calcium carbonate treatment was associated with larger increases in coronary artery calcification compared with lanthanum carbonate or charcoal.
Oral activated charcoal delayed hyperphosphatemia and reduced serum phosphate; calcium carbonate treatment was associated with larger increases in coronary artery calcification compared with lanthanum carbonate or charcoal.
Oral activated charcoal delayed hyperphosphatemia and reduced serum phosphate; calcium carbonate treatment was associated with larger increases in coronary artery calcification compared with lanthanum carbonate or charcoal.
Genetic variants in VDR and DBP were associated with baseline vitamin D status and bone turnover markers, and genotype (combined GRS) modified the response of 25OHD to calcium plus vitamin D supplementation during training.
Small randomized trial comparing calcium-phosphate-coated bovine bone vs standard bovine bone for sinus augmentation found no significant differences in new bone formation or radiographic outcomes.
Small randomized trial comparing calcium-phosphate-coated bovine bone vs standard bovine bone for sinus augmentation found no significant differences in new bone formation or radiographic outcomes.
Small randomized trial comparing calcium-phosphate-coated bovine bone vs standard bovine bone for sinus augmentation found no significant differences in new bone formation or radiographic outcomes.
Forty adults with low vitamin D were randomized to daily or monthly cholecalciferol; vitamin D levels rose and serum calcium increased modestly, with decreased PTH and reduced bone turnover on longer monthly treatment.
Measured serum/urine calcium, vitamin D, PTH and bone markers in osteoporotic women and analysed correlations with metabolic/cardiovascular risk markers.
Forty adults with low vitamin D were randomized to daily or monthly cholecalciferol; vitamin D levels rose and serum calcium increased modestly, with decreased PTH and reduced bone turnover on longer monthly treatment.
In PHPT patients unable to undergo surgery, cinacalcet markedly lowered serum calcium and PTH and normalized calcium in most treated subjects.
In 104 colorectal adenoma patients, calcium supplementation (1,200 mg/day) was associated with increased markers of differentiation but also with modestly increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis-related ratios in rectal crypts.
In 104 colorectal adenoma patients, calcium supplementation (1,200 mg/day) was associated with increased markers of differentiation but also with modestly increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis-related ratios in rectal crypts.
In 104 colorectal adenoma patients, calcium supplementation (1,200 mg/day) was associated with increased markers of differentiation but also with modestly increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis-related ratios in rectal crypts.
Adding a biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft to enamel matrix derivative did not improve periodontal healing versus enamel matrix alone over 3 years.
Protocol for a large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (n=416 planned) testing HCTZ dose-response to prevent recurrence of calcium-containing kidney stones; no outcome data reported yet.
Protocol for a large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (n=416 planned) testing HCTZ dose-response to prevent recurrence of calcium-containing kidney stones; no outcome data reported yet.
Protocol for a large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (n=416 planned) testing HCTZ dose-response to prevent recurrence of calcium-containing kidney stones; no outcome data reported yet.
Prospective randomized trial comparing biphasic calcium phosphate graft vs deproteinized bovine bone for sinus augmentation (56 patients, 60 sinuses); both materials showed similar biocompatibility and osteoconductivity at 6 months.
Double-blind randomized trial (n=70) testing NovaMin® (calcium sodium phosphosilicate) paste and Nd:YAG laser for cervical dentin hypersensitivity; all groups showed pain reduction from baseline and treatments were equally effective.
Randomized trial comparing bovine bone vs synthetic β-tricalcium phosphate grafts for horizontal bone augmentation found no significant differences in bone loss, complications, or patient-reported outcomes at 3 years.
Double-blind RCT comparing bovine bone + membrane vs pure β-tricalcium phosphate (a calcium phosphate) + membrane for horizontal augmentation: no major differences, with a small (0.24 mm) less peri-implant radiographic bone loss favoring the β-TCP group.
Multicenter randomized pilot trial: titanium implants with a calcium-incorporated surface showed similar implant/prosthesis survival, complications, and marginal bone level changes compared with control RBM surfaces at 3 years.
Randomized trial comparing bovine bone vs synthetic β-tricalcium phosphate grafts for horizontal bone augmentation found no significant differences in bone loss, complications, or patient-reported outcomes at 3 years.
Randomized trial comparing bovine bone vs synthetic β-tricalcium phosphate grafts for horizontal bone augmentation found no significant differences in bone loss, complications, or patient-reported outcomes at 3 years.
In a 1-year randomized trial, vitamin D with or without calcium (1200 mg) tended to increase MSH2 relative to proliferation and TGFβ1 and decrease TGFα/TGFβ1 in normal colorectal mucosa, but changes were not statistically significant.
In a 1-year randomized trial, vitamin D with or without calcium (1200 mg) tended to increase MSH2 relative to proliferation and TGFβ1 and decrease TGFα/TGFβ1 in normal colorectal mucosa, but changes were not statistically significant.
In a 1-year randomized trial, vitamin D with or without calcium (1200 mg) tended to increase MSH2 relative to proliferation and TGFβ1 and decrease TGFα/TGFβ1 in normal colorectal mucosa, but changes were not statistically significant.
In 100 DKD patients randomized to calcium dobesilate for 3 months, albuminuria and urinary protein decreased and inflammatory and endothelial-dysfunction markers improved, while GFR was unchanged.
In 100 DKD patients randomized to calcium dobesilate for 3 months, albuminuria and urinary protein decreased and inflammatory and endothelial-dysfunction markers improved, while GFR was unchanged.
In 100 DKD patients randomized to calcium dobesilate for 3 months, albuminuria and urinary protein decreased and inflammatory and endothelial-dysfunction markers improved, while GFR was unchanged.
Maternal supplementation with 1500 mg Ca/day in pregnancy led to higher IGF1 in boys but lower IGF1 in girls at age ~7.5 years.
Maternal supplementation with 1500 mg Ca/day in pregnancy led to higher IGF1 in boys but lower IGF1 in girls at age ~7.5 years.
In root canal treatment, calcium hydroxide with or without 2% chlorhexidine both led to large radiographic reduction of apical radiolucency at 3 months; combination showed numerically greater but not statistically significant healing.
Healthy men given 200 g/day fructose for two weeks had higher serum uric acid, a small drop in ionized calcium with higher PTH, lower urine pH, higher urinary oxalate and lower urine magnesium—changes that raise kidney-stone risk.
A Mediterranean diet supplemented with dairy (to meet calcium needs) improved processing speed and multiple mood measures versus a low-fat control in older adults at cardiovascular risk.
A Mediterranean diet supplemented with dairy (to meet calcium needs) improved processing speed and multiple mood measures versus a low-fat control in older adults at cardiovascular risk.
A Mediterranean diet supplemented with dairy (to meet calcium needs) improved processing speed and multiple mood measures versus a low-fat control in older adults at cardiovascular risk.
Randomized double-blind trial in obese hypertensive adults: 3 months of Spirulina (2 g/day) decreased serum iron but did not markedly change serum calcium or magnesium.
In hemodialysis patients, L-carnitine supplementation increased plasma calcium and phosphate but did not change PTH or FGF23 over one year.
In hemodialysis patients, L-carnitine supplementation increased plasma calcium and phosphate but did not change PTH or FGF23 over one year.
Three‑month randomized, placebo‑controlled pilot in children with celiac disease: prebiotic (Synergy 1) increased vitamin D and E levels but did not change serum mineral concentrations overall.
12‑week double‑blind RCT in CKD 3–4 patients: daily 8000 IU cholecalciferol raised 25(OH)D, increased 1,25(OH)D and mitigated further rises in PTH versus placebo, without hypercalcaemia.
Three‑month randomized, placebo‑controlled pilot in children with celiac disease: prebiotic (Synergy 1) increased vitamin D and E levels but did not change serum mineral concentrations overall.
26‑week randomized, double‑blind trial of two PPIs vs placebo in postmenopausal women found no clinically meaningful effects on calcium absorption, BMD, or mineral levels despite increases in bone‑turnover markers.
26‑week randomized, double‑blind trial of two PPIs vs placebo in postmenopausal women found no clinically meaningful effects on calcium absorption, BMD, or mineral levels despite increases in bone‑turnover markers.
26‑week randomized, double‑blind trial of two PPIs vs placebo in postmenopausal women found no clinically meaningful effects on calcium absorption, BMD, or mineral levels despite increases in bone‑turnover markers.
Randomized placebo‑controlled trial: weekly high‑dose vitamin D3 for 2 months increased 25(OH)D and serum calcium/phosphorus, lowered PTH, homocysteine, body weight and BMI in overweight reproductive‑age women.
Randomized single-blinded study where both arms received vitamin D plus 800 mg calcium; adding B vitamins produced larger reductions in plasma TMAO and lowered homocysteine compared with vitamin D (with calcium) alone.
Crossover RCT: eating two calcium-fortified cereal bars daily for 3 weeks significantly increased women's dietary calcium intake (~+360 mg/day) without increasing energy intake or body weight.
Randomized placebo‑controlled trial: weekly high‑dose vitamin D3 for 2 months increased 25(OH)D and serum calcium/phosphorus, lowered PTH, homocysteine, body weight and BMI in overweight reproductive‑age women.
Randomized placebo‑controlled trial: weekly high‑dose vitamin D3 for 2 months increased 25(OH)D and serum calcium/phosphorus, lowered PTH, homocysteine, body weight and BMI in overweight reproductive‑age women.
Randomized study in obese vitamin‑D‑deficient women: combined high‑dose cholecalciferol plus calcium with a weight‑loss diet produced larger decreases in weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat, glycemia, PTH and lipids vs controls.
Randomized study in obese vitamin‑D‑deficient women: combined high‑dose cholecalciferol plus calcium with a weight‑loss diet produced larger decreases in weight, BMI, waist circumference, body fat, glycemia, PTH and lipids vs controls.
Randomized trial in 54 patients comparing tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) granules versus allogenous bone chip for bone grafting in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy; bone union and clinical scores were similar between groups.
Randomized trial in 54 patients comparing tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) granules versus allogenous bone chip for bone grafting in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy; bone union and clinical scores were similar between groups.
Randomized trial in 54 patients comparing tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) granules versus allogenous bone chip for bone grafting in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy; bone union and clinical scores were similar between groups.
Randomized placebo-controlled 16-week trial in vitamin D-deficient overweight/obese adults: cholecalciferol raised 25(OH)D and lowered iPTH but did not change serum calcium, phosphate, iFGF-23, or whole-body BMD.
12‑week double‑blind RCT in CKD 3–4 patients: daily 8000 IU cholecalciferol raised 25(OH)D, increased 1,25(OH)D and mitigated further rises in PTH versus placebo, without hypercalcaemia.
12-month randomized trial in 30 kidney transplant recipients with hypercalcemia: subtotal parathyroidectomy normalized serum calcium in all patients and produced larger iPTH reductions and a significant increase in femoral neck BMD compared with cinacalcet.
Extended-release calcifediol normalized 25-hydroxyvitamin D and progressively reduced PTH with minimal effect on serum calcium in CKD patients.
Randomized placebo-controlled 16-week trial in vitamin D-deficient overweight/obese adults: cholecalciferol raised 25(OH)D and lowered iPTH but did not change serum calcium, phosphate, iFGF-23, or whole-body BMD.
Randomized, double-blind two-period cross-over PK/PD study in 54 healthy pre-menopausal women comparing biosimilar RGB-10 and reference teriparatide; pharmacokinetics and serum-calcium responses were highly similar and bioequivalence criteria met.
Randomized, double-blind two-period cross-over PK/PD study in 54 healthy pre-menopausal women comparing biosimilar RGB-10 and reference teriparatide; pharmacokinetics and serum-calcium responses were highly similar and bioequivalence criteria met.
Preoperative high-dose vitamin D vs placebo in thyroidectomy patients: overall no significant reduction in postoperative hypocalcaemia, but benefit seen in a subgroup after stratification by day-1 PTH.
Preoperative high-dose vitamin D vs placebo in thyroidectomy patients: overall no significant reduction in postoperative hypocalcaemia, but benefit seen in a subgroup after stratification by day-1 PTH.
4-week study of patiromer in hyperkalemic patients showing no change in serum calcium but reductions in urine phosphate and decreases in intact PTH and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
4-week study of patiromer in hyperkalemic patients showing no change in serum calcium but reductions in urine phosphate and decreases in intact PTH and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
Randomized dose-finding trial in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism showing dose-dependent decreases in iPTH and associated decreases in calcium/phosphate parameters for active arms.
Randomized dose-finding trial in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism showing dose-dependent decreases in iPTH and associated decreases in calcium/phosphate parameters for active arms.
Small randomized study of calcium alginate dressing vs petrolatum gauze after great-toe nail surgery: dressing reduced bleeding, pain duration, and shortened wound healing time.
Small randomized study of calcium alginate dressing vs petrolatum gauze after great-toe nail surgery: dressing reduced bleeding, pain duration, and shortened wound healing time.
Small randomized study of calcium alginate dressing vs petrolatum gauze after great-toe nail surgery: dressing reduced bleeding, pain duration, and shortened wound healing time.
Adding 3–4 servings/day of dairy to a Mediterranean diet for 8 weeks modestly improved blood pressure and some lipid markers in people at CVD risk.
Adding 3–4 servings/day of dairy to a Mediterranean diet for 8 weeks modestly improved blood pressure and some lipid markers in people at CVD risk.
In head-and-neck radiotherapy patients, adding CPP-ACP (a calcium phosphate–containing crème) to fluoride significantly reduced coronal surface caries progression.
In head-and-neck radiotherapy patients, adding CPP-ACP (a calcium phosphate–containing crème) to fluoride significantly reduced coronal surface caries progression.
An 8-week intensive lifestyle program in children with abdominal obesity increased diet quality and improved some micronutrient intakes including calcium and vitamin D, and reduced BMI-SDS.
An 8-week intensive lifestyle program in children with abdominal obesity increased diet quality and improved some micronutrient intakes including calcium and vitamin D, and reduced BMI-SDS.
Split-mouth trial in children comparing 5% sodium hypochlorite vs saline as haemostatic agents during calcium hydroxide pulpotomies found no significant difference in 12-month clinical/radiographic success.
Randomized trial in septic shock patients comparing 0.9% NaCl, Ringer, and an acetate-sodium-potassium-magnesium-calcium-glucose solution; 0.9% NaCl caused more hyperchloraemia and lower serum Ca2+ early after resuscitation.
18-month randomized double-blind trial of three calcium/vitamin-fortified dairy products found improvement in lumbar spine bone measures and changes in bone resorption markers, with no differences between products.
18-month randomized double-blind trial of three calcium/vitamin-fortified dairy products found improvement in lumbar spine bone measures and changes in bone resorption markers, with no differences between products.
In obese adults with vitamin D deficiency, adding high-dose weekly vitamin D to a weight-loss diet raised vitamin D levels and reduced PTH, inflammatory markers, and fat mass.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, 500 mg/day resveratrol for 6 months modestly improved whole-body bone density and content and altered phosphorus and vitamin D markers compared to placebo.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, 500 mg/day resveratrol for 6 months modestly improved whole-body bone density and content and altered phosphorus and vitamin D markers compared to placebo.
In thyroidectomy patients, use of the LigaSure Small Jaw reduced operative time and intraoperative bleeding and was associated with less symptomatic hypocalcemia and smaller postoperative decreases in total and ionized calcium compared to conventional clamp-and-tie.
Randomized trial in adults: percutaneous fixation with calcium sulfate cement (CSC) had shorter operation time and fewer wound-healing complications than minimally invasive sinus tarsi plate fixation; overall functional scores were similar.
In thyroidectomy patients, use of the LigaSure Small Jaw reduced operative time and intraoperative bleeding and was associated with less symptomatic hypocalcemia and smaller postoperative decreases in total and ionized calcium compared to conventional clamp-and-tie.
In thyroidectomy patients, use of the LigaSure Small Jaw reduced operative time and intraoperative bleeding and was associated with less symptomatic hypocalcemia and smaller postoperative decreases in total and ionized calcium compared to conventional clamp-and-tie.
In teeth with reversible pulpitis, indirect pulp capping with either calcium silicate cement (Biodentine™) or glass ionomer (Fuji IX™) showed similar clinical success and restoration integrity at 2 years (overall IPC success 72%).
In teeth with reversible pulpitis, indirect pulp capping with either calcium silicate cement (Biodentine™) or glass ionomer (Fuji IX™) showed similar clinical success and restoration integrity at 2 years (overall IPC success 72%).
A limeade-based supplement (containing potassium and citrate) for 6 months increased urinary pH, citrate and potassium excretion, reduced urinary calcium and oxalate, improved antioxidant status and lowered urinary supersaturation in recurrent stone patients.
A limeade-based supplement (containing potassium and citrate) for 6 months increased urinary pH, citrate and potassium excretion, reduced urinary calcium and oxalate, improved antioxidant status and lowered urinary supersaturation in recurrent stone patients.
Among children with ADHD treated with a broad-spectrum micronutrient formula, pre-treatment serum calcium levels did not meaningfully predict clinical response; overall, serum nutrient levels had limited value as predictors.
Among children with ADHD treated with a broad-spectrum micronutrient formula, pre-treatment serum calcium levels did not meaningfully predict clinical response; overall, serum nutrient levels had limited value as predictors.
Adding calcium dobesilate to alprostadil improved neuropathy scores and overall effectiveness over 2 weeks.
Adding calcium dobesilate to alprostadil improved neuropathy scores and overall effectiveness over 2 weeks.
In adults with dentine hypersensitivity, a 5% CSPS (calcium-containing) toothpaste reduced sensitivity within 1 week and provided continued benefit over 11 weeks, with similar efficacy to an 8% arginine/calcium carbonate paste.
First-in-human double-blind randomized study (20 healthy volunteers, 8 haemodialysis patients) found IV SNF472 was well tolerated and markedly reduced hydroxyapatite crystallization potential in HD patients.
Measured how commercial infant products and fortified staple foods contributed to nutrient intakes in infants; found many children had low calcium intakes despite fortification.
Measured how commercial infant products and fortified staple foods contributed to nutrient intakes in infants; found many children had low calcium intakes despite fortification.
Measured how commercial infant products and fortified staple foods contributed to nutrient intakes in infants; found many children had low calcium intakes despite fortification.
78 patients were randomized and 58 completed 12 months; Algisyl (injectable calcium alginate hydrogel) plus standard therapy improved exercise capacity and symptoms at 12 months but was associated with higher mortality in the treated group.
Randomized double‑blind trial in 24 patients: adding CPP‑ACP reduced tooth sensitivity at day 3 and did not impair bleaching efficacy.
In 58 hemodialysis patients with hyperkalemia, 3 weeks of calcium‑polystyrene sulfonate reduced serum potassium and phosphorus without causing volume overload or electrolyte imbalance.
In 58 hemodialysis patients with hyperkalemia, 3 weeks of calcium‑polystyrene sulfonate reduced serum potassium and phosphorus without causing volume overload or electrolyte imbalance.
Randomized clinical trial of intracanal medications in infected single-rooted teeth comparing triple antibiotic solution vs calcium hydroxide in 2% chlorhexidine over 1 week.
Randomized clinical trial of intracanal medications in infected single-rooted teeth comparing triple antibiotic solution vs calcium hydroxide in 2% chlorhexidine over 1 week.
In post-RYGB patients given 1200 mg elemental calcium daily, calcium citrate and calcium carbonate produced similar small changes in PTH, but citrate produced larger reductions in bone turnover markers.
In post-RYGB patients given 1200 mg elemental calcium daily, calcium citrate and calcium carbonate produced similar small changes in PTH, but citrate produced larger reductions in bone turnover markers.
In young men undergoing resistance training, supplementation with α‑HICA, HMB‑FA, or HMB‑Ca produced no added benefit to muscle thickness or performance versus placebo.
In young men undergoing resistance training, supplementation with α‑HICA, HMB‑FA, or HMB‑Ca produced no added benefit to muscle thickness or performance versus placebo.
In young men undergoing resistance training, supplementation with α‑HICA, HMB‑FA, or HMB‑Ca produced no added benefit to muscle thickness or performance versus placebo.
Adding walnuts to the diet increased intake of calcium and several fats and raised calories when intake was not calorie-controlled.
In 80 patients with dentinal hypersensitivity, topical 8% arginine–calcium carbonate toothpaste reduced sensitivity; combining the toothpaste with iontophoresis produced greater and faster reduction over 4 weeks.
In 80 patients with dentinal hypersensitivity, topical 8% arginine–calcium carbonate toothpaste reduced sensitivity; combining the toothpaste with iontophoresis produced greater and faster reduction over 4 weeks.
Exercise training after CRT increased exercise capacity, reduced sympathetic nerve activity, improved vascular conductance, and altered skeletal muscle Ca2+-handling gene expression.
PEEK cages filled with calcium sulphate/DBM performed similarly to autograft for cervical fusion, with less blood loss and fewer donor-site complications.
In patients needing ACDF, empty PEEK cages and PEEK cages filled with β-tricalcium phosphate showed similar fusion and clinical outcomes at 24 months.
Intracanal calcium hydroxide increased VIP secretion in periapical lesions after treatment in re-treated root canals.
In fasted women, 800 mg elemental calcium as calcium citrate significantly reduced non-heme iron absorption compared with calcium chloride; effect varied by calcium salt.
In women with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy (which corrects hypercalcemia) reduced premature heart beats and normalized QTc on 24-h ECG.
Compared two oral rehydration salts in children with neurally mediated syncope; electrolytes including serum calcium showed no meaningful change and clinical efficacy was similar between salts.
Compared two oral rehydration salts in children with neurally mediated syncope; electrolytes including serum calcium showed no meaningful change and clinical efficacy was similar between salts.
Older men took a multi-ingredient supplement (which included 400 mg Ca per dose) or control for 7 weeks; exercise increased type I muscle fiber satellite cells but the supplement did not change that response.
Older men took a multi-ingredient supplement (which included 400 mg Ca per dose) or control for 7 weeks; exercise increased type I muscle fiber satellite cells but the supplement did not change that response.
In hemodialysis patients after angioplasty, a calcium-alginate hemostatic sheet increased early hemostasis rates and was safe.
As adjuncts to scaling/root planing, locally delivered rosuvastatin or metformin gels improved pocket depth, attachment level, and bone fill versus placebo; rosuvastatin showed the greatest benefit.
As adjuncts to scaling/root planing, locally delivered rosuvastatin or metformin gels improved pocket depth, attachment level, and bone fill versus placebo; rosuvastatin showed the greatest benefit.
As adjuncts to scaling/root planing, locally delivered rosuvastatin or metformin gels improved pocket depth, attachment level, and bone fill versus placebo; rosuvastatin showed the greatest benefit.
Adding rh-FGF-2 to a β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold improved periodontal regeneration versus β-TCP alone in adults.
In 25 children with paired molars, partial pulpotomy with mineral trioxide aggregate and formocresol pulpotomy had similar clinical and radiographic success at 24 months (no significant differences).
Post-hoc analysis of a 24-week caloric-restriction trial found that baseline Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio predicted greater weight and fat loss (high P/B or 0-Prevotella lost ~4 kg more than low P/B); no weight-loss differences were seen between the two diets that differed in dairy (calcium) content.
Post-hoc analysis of a 24-week caloric-restriction trial found that baseline Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio predicted greater weight and fat loss (high P/B or 0-Prevotella lost ~4 kg more than low P/B); no weight-loss differences were seen between the two diets that differed in dairy (calcium) content.
Post-hoc analysis of a 24-week caloric-restriction trial found that baseline Prevotella/Bacteroides ratio predicted greater weight and fat loss (high P/B or 0-Prevotella lost ~4 kg more than low P/B); no weight-loss differences were seen between the two diets that differed in dairy (calcium) content.
On a hypocaloric diet, fortified yogurt (contains calcium among other ingredients) led to greater improvements in body composition and metabolic markers than plain yogurt over 10 weeks.
On a hypocaloric diet, fortified yogurt (contains calcium among other ingredients) led to greater improvements in body composition and metabolic markers than plain yogurt over 10 weeks.
On a hypocaloric diet, fortified yogurt (contains calcium among other ingredients) led to greater improvements in body composition and metabolic markers than plain yogurt over 10 weeks.
Adding nicotinamide to calcium-based phosphate binders lowered serum phosphorus and improved lipid parameters in pediatric hemodialysis patients.
Randomized study in hemodialysis patients (105 completers) showing that adding rhubarb to medicinal activated carbon reduced serum phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product, and PTH over 8 weeks.
Extended-release niacin slightly lowered serum phosphate over 3 years but did not change calcium or other mineral markers.
Silicated calcium phosphate graft (a calcium-containing material) produced similar spinal fusion rates and clinical improvement to BMP-2 over 24 months.
Silicated calcium phosphate graft (a calcium-containing material) produced similar spinal fusion rates and clinical improvement to BMP-2 over 24 months.
Silicated calcium phosphate graft (a calcium-containing material) produced similar spinal fusion rates and clinical improvement to BMP-2 over 24 months.
Vitamin D supplementation for 3 months reduced body size measures and produced significant changes in calcium-related labs.
Ten-year follow-up found most calcific deposits resolved and symptoms/function improved regardless of original ultrasound treatment.
Ten-year follow-up found most calcific deposits resolved and symptoms/function improved regardless of original ultrasound treatment.
Ten-year follow-up found most calcific deposits resolved and symptoms/function improved regardless of original ultrasound treatment.
Giving calcium-containing gummies before fluoride varnish did not increase plaque fluoride retention or improve adherence in children.
Giving calcium-containing gummies before fluoride varnish did not increase plaque fluoride retention or improve adherence in children.
Giving calcium-containing gummies before fluoride varnish did not increase plaque fluoride retention or improve adherence in children.
Interventions including tailor-made vitamin-D/K salmon and vitamin D+calcium tablets (and calcium supplements in fish groups) produced favorable changes in some bone turnover markers and vitamin D status in postmenopausal women over 12 weeks.
Two years of daily calcium and vitamin D–fortified milk raised vitamin D levels, increased femoral neck BMD, and improved glucose and lipid measures in healthy postmenopausal women.
Two years of daily calcium and vitamin D–fortified milk raised vitamin D levels, increased femoral neck BMD, and improved glucose and lipid measures in healthy postmenopausal women.
Two years of daily calcium and vitamin D–fortified milk raised vitamin D levels, increased femoral neck BMD, and improved glucose and lipid measures in healthy postmenopausal women.
In women with primary dysmenorrhea, 1000 mg calcium alone reduced menstrual pain vs placebo; calcium+vitamin D showed a non-significant pain reduction; no effect on menstrual blood loss.
In a randomized, double‑blind, three‑way crossover acute trial, Ca-caseinate (a calcium‑rich casein form) reduced postprandial triacylglycerol compared with whey, and showed a trend to lower central SBP; whey lowered peripheral SBP and improved some vascular measures.
In a randomized, double‑blind, three‑way crossover acute trial, Ca-caseinate (a calcium‑rich casein form) reduced postprandial triacylglycerol compared with whey, and showed a trend to lower central SBP; whey lowered peripheral SBP and improved some vascular measures.
In an 8-week controlled feeding trial, the DASH diet modestly lowered active vitamin D (calcitriol) but did not change PTH or blood ionized calcium.
At 3 years, short (5×5 mm) calcium‑incorporated implants performed similarly to longer implants in augmented bone but grafted mandibles had more complications and longer implants had slightly greater bone loss.
Multicenter randomized pilot trial: titanium implants with a calcium-incorporated surface showed similar implant/prosthesis survival, complications, and marginal bone level changes compared with control RBM surfaces at 3 years.
At 3 years, short (5×5 mm) calcium‑incorporated implants performed similarly to longer implants in augmented bone but grafted mandibles had more complications and longer implants had slightly greater bone loss.
At 3 years, short (5×5 mm) calcium‑incorporated implants performed similarly to longer implants in augmented bone but grafted mandibles had more complications and longer implants had slightly greater bone loss.
Over 12 months, vitamin D supplementation (given with calcium) substantially increased 25(OH)D compared with calcium alone or control; calcium alone produced smaller increases than vitamin D.
Higher soy isoflavone exposure was associated with a small increase in serum calcium and a decrease in serum chloride in premenopausal women.
Large randomized chemoprevention trial in patients with prior adenoma: calcium (1200 mg/day) and vitamin D (1000 IU/day) showed no effect on SSA/Ps during treatment but higher SSA/P risk emerged 6–10 years after supplementation began.
Large randomized chemoprevention trial in patients with prior adenoma: calcium (1200 mg/day) and vitamin D (1000 IU/day) showed no effect on SSA/Ps during treatment but higher SSA/P risk emerged 6–10 years after supplementation began.
In VLBW infants, mixed-model analysis linked calcium and phosphorus intake to changes in serum/urine Ca–P parameters (e.g., sP, urinary Ca, TrP, ALP) during first 14 days.
In the EVOLVE trial, initiation of cinacalcet was frequently followed by hypocalcemia (often asymptomatic) which usually resolved without intervention within 14 days.
In the EVOLVE trial, initiation of cinacalcet was frequently followed by hypocalcemia (often asymptomatic) which usually resolved without intervention within 14 days.
Pre-bleaching application of a calcium phosphate–based desensitizer markedly reduced bleaching-associated sensitivity during treatment and up to one week, without affecting whitening.
Pre-bleaching application of a calcium phosphate–based desensitizer markedly reduced bleaching-associated sensitivity during treatment and up to one week, without affecting whitening.
Both self-assembling peptide matrix and an arginine+calcium carbonate toothpaste reduced dentin hypersensitivity; the peptide gel gave faster patient-perceived benefit.
Both self-assembling peptide matrix and an arginine+calcium carbonate toothpaste reduced dentin hypersensitivity; the peptide gel gave faster patient-perceived benefit.
Both self-assembling peptide matrix and an arginine+calcium carbonate toothpaste reduced dentin hypersensitivity; the peptide gel gave faster patient-perceived benefit.
In adults with PXE, etidronate reduced CT-measured arterial calcification and lowered subretinal neovascular events versus placebo but did not change femoral PET activity (TBR).
In adults with PXE, etidronate reduced CT-measured arterial calcification and lowered subretinal neovascular events versus placebo but did not change femoral PET activity (TBR).
In adults with PXE, etidronate reduced CT-measured arterial calcification and lowered subretinal neovascular events versus placebo but did not change femoral PET activity (TBR).
62 healthy adults completed 8 weeks of high-phosphorus supplementation with varying calcium doses (0, 500, 1000 mg Ca); calcium co-supplementation was associated with higher faecal acetate/total SCFA and, in men, shifts in gut microbiome; no major changes in faecal genotoxicity.
62 healthy adults completed 8 weeks of high-phosphorus supplementation with varying calcium doses (0, 500, 1000 mg Ca); calcium co-supplementation was associated with higher faecal acetate/total SCFA and, in men, shifts in gut microbiome; no major changes in faecal genotoxicity.
62 healthy adults completed 8 weeks of high-phosphorus supplementation with varying calcium doses (0, 500, 1000 mg Ca); calcium co-supplementation was associated with higher faecal acetate/total SCFA and, in men, shifts in gut microbiome; no major changes in faecal genotoxicity.
In adults with ≥1 well-perfused parathyroid gland by ICG, omitting routine immediate postop calcium/PTH testing and supplementation was non-inferior to standard care—no hypocalcaemia observed.
In adults with ≥1 well-perfused parathyroid gland by ICG, omitting routine immediate postop calcium/PTH testing and supplementation was non-inferior to standard care—no hypocalcaemia observed.
In adults with ≥1 well-perfused parathyroid gland by ICG, omitting routine immediate postop calcium/PTH testing and supplementation was non-inferior to standard care—no hypocalcaemia observed.
Randomized trial (N=302) using calcium-enriched mixture cement across four vital pulp therapies showed favorable and comparable clinical and radiographic outcomes at 1 year.
Randomized trial in children: CPP-ACP remineralised white-spot lesions similarly to fluoride; best remineralisation when CPP-ACP combined with fluoride.
In older adults, adding B-vitamins to vitamin D plus calcium changed methylation at some aging-related CpG sites and was associated with higher odds of accelerated epigenetic aging after 1 year.
In older adults, adding B-vitamins to vitamin D plus calcium changed methylation at some aging-related CpG sites and was associated with higher odds of accelerated epigenetic aging after 1 year.
In older adults, adding B-vitamins to vitamin D plus calcium changed methylation at some aging-related CpG sites and was associated with higher odds of accelerated epigenetic aging after 1 year.
In 62 healthy adults, high phosphorus (1000 mg/day) with differing calcium (0, 500, 1000 mg/day) altered mineral handling: fasting plasma phosphate unchanged, high P without Ca reduced renal calcium excretion and disturbed calcium balance, while calcium supplementation mitigated negative effects; transient FGF23 rise at 4 weeks and modest decreases in some bone turnover markers with Ca supplementation.
In patients with diabetic nephropathy, monthly high-dose vitamin D injections for 6 months reduced urine albumin excretion, improved estimated GFR, and lowered plasma renin compared with placebo.
In patients with diabetic nephropathy, monthly high-dose vitamin D injections for 6 months reduced urine albumin excretion, improved estimated GFR, and lowered plasma renin compared with placebo.
In patients with diabetic nephropathy, monthly high-dose vitamin D injections for 6 months reduced urine albumin excretion, improved estimated GFR, and lowered plasma renin compared with placebo.
After parathyroidectomy patients received standard postoperative calcium; auricular plaster plus calcium improved quality of life more than calcium carbonate alone.
Randomized trial in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients: oral eldecalcitol (ELD) and alfacalcidol (ALF) markedly increased intestinal fractional calcium absorption compared with plain vitamin D3 or control over 4 weeks.
Randomized trial in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients: oral eldecalcitol (ELD) and alfacalcidol (ALF) markedly increased intestinal fractional calcium absorption compared with plain vitamin D3 or control over 4 weeks.
Randomized trial in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients: oral eldecalcitol (ELD) and alfacalcidol (ALF) markedly increased intestinal fractional calcium absorption compared with plain vitamin D3 or control over 4 weeks.
In patients needing ACDF, empty PEEK cages and PEEK cages filled with β-tricalcium phosphate showed similar fusion and clinical outcomes at 24 months.
Thermal mineral water baths (high in calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate) plus usual care improved pain, disability and quality of life in chronic low back pain patients, with effects persisting at follow-up.
Thermal mineral water baths (high in calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate) plus usual care improved pain, disability and quality of life in chronic low back pain patients, with effects persisting at follow-up.
Thermal mineral water baths (high in calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate) plus usual care improved pain, disability and quality of life in chronic low back pain patients, with effects persisting at follow-up.
Six weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in gestational diabetes improved fasting glucose, insulin-related markers and some lipid markers versus placebo.
8-week randomized trial in vitamin D–deficient overweight/obese women with PCOS tested calcium, vitamin D, both, or placebo; co-supplementation improved some insulin and triglyceride measures.
Six weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in gestational diabetes improved fasting glucose, insulin-related markers and some lipid markers versus placebo.
In CKD patients, paricalcitol (VDR activator) produced a small rise in serum calcium and phosphate but did not change insulin resistance indices over 12 weeks.
Nutrition education and dietary intervention increased dietary calcium intake and improved lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD versus control over 6 months.
After DXA, participants increased calcium intake, vitamin D supplementation and exercise over 52 weeks, but a mailed individualized-results letter plus brochure did not improve behaviors versus usual care.
An education and counseling program increased osteoporosis knowledge, self-efficacy, weekly exercise and daily calcium intake in at-risk women.
After DXA, participants increased calcium intake, vitamin D supplementation and exercise over 52 weeks, but a mailed individualized-results letter plus brochure did not improve behaviors versus usual care.
After DXA, participants increased calcium intake, vitamin D supplementation and exercise over 52 weeks, but a mailed individualized-results letter plus brochure did not improve behaviors versus usual care.
In orthodontic patients, daily MI Paste Plus plus quarterly MI Varnish did not significantly reduce white spot lesions over 12 months but increased salivary fluoride levels.
In orthodontic patients, daily MI Paste Plus plus quarterly MI Varnish did not significantly reduce white spot lesions over 12 months but increased salivary fluoride levels.
Daily supplementation with 1000 IU vitamin D plus 500 mg calcium for six months increased serum 25(OH)D in schoolchildren; children with lower baseline levels benefited most.
Feedback of high future fracture risk led to increased preventive behaviors including calcium use and reduced femoral neck bone loss over 10 years in premenopausal women.
Pulpotomy with either MTA or calcium-enriched mixture had very high clinical success (~≥98%) at 2 and 5 years; radiographic advantage for MTA at 2 years but similar at 5 years.
Children with clinical rickets who received vitamin D and calcium showed increased linear growth but remained at higher risk of death and severe pneumonia readmission.
Children with clinical rickets who received vitamin D and calcium showed increased linear growth but remained at higher risk of death and severe pneumonia readmission.
Percutaneous autologous platelet concentrate (activated with calcium gluconate) increased union rate numerically (78% vs 59%) but differences were not statistically significant and time to union was similar.
Percutaneous autologous platelet concentrate (activated with calcium gluconate) increased union rate numerically (78% vs 59%) but differences were not statistically significant and time to union was similar.
In children needing pulpotomy, calcium silicate-based cements (MTA products and Biodentine) achieved high 24-month success rates similar to ferric sulfate.
In children needing pulpotomy, calcium silicate-based cements (MTA products and Biodentine) achieved high 24-month success rates similar to ferric sulfate.
In children needing pulpotomy, calcium silicate-based cements (MTA products and Biodentine) achieved high 24-month success rates similar to ferric sulfate.
Potassium bicarbonate increased urine citrate dose‑dependently; urine citrate change related inversely to a bone formation marker but was not a reliable substitute for net acid excretion when assessing bone turnover and calcium excretion.
Potassium bicarbonate increased urine citrate dose‑dependently; urine citrate change related inversely to a bone formation marker but was not a reliable substitute for net acid excretion when assessing bone turnover and calcium excretion.
Potassium bicarbonate increased urine citrate dose‑dependently; urine citrate change related inversely to a bone formation marker but was not a reliable substitute for net acid excretion when assessing bone turnover and calcium excretion.
Education-based interventions increased bone mineral density testing and guideline-appropriate calcium and vitamin D use in men on ADT compared with usual care.
Education-based interventions increased bone mineral density testing and guideline-appropriate calcium and vitamin D use in men on ADT compared with usual care.
Education-based interventions increased bone mineral density testing and guideline-appropriate calcium and vitamin D use in men on ADT compared with usual care.
Early higher enteral mineral intake did not improve growth or bone density at term age; higher calcium intake was associated with lower bone mineral content in regression analysis.
Using calcium-containing alloplast (β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite) with large particles produced greater ridge width gain than allograft or small particles.
Denosumab treatment improved lumbar spine bone mineral density in patients on home parenteral nutrition over 12 months.
Denosumab treatment improved lumbar spine bone mineral density in patients on home parenteral nutrition over 12 months.
Randomized double-blind trial in adolescents testing MI Paste Plus (CPP‑ACPF with fluoride, calcium and phosphate) vs control paste for 12 months; no additional long‑term benefit of MI Paste Plus was demonstrated.
Randomized double-blind trial in adolescents testing MI Paste Plus (CPP‑ACPF with fluoride, calcium and phosphate) vs control paste for 12 months; no additional long‑term benefit of MI Paste Plus was demonstrated.
Randomized double-blind trial in adolescents testing MI Paste Plus (CPP‑ACPF with fluoride, calcium and phosphate) vs control paste for 12 months; no additional long‑term benefit of MI Paste Plus was demonstrated.
12‑week double‑blind RCT in CKD 3–4 patients: daily 8000 IU cholecalciferol raised 25(OH)D, increased 1,25(OH)D and mitigated further rises in PTH versus placebo, without hypercalcaemia.
Prospective randomized study in postmenopausal women given calcium + vitamin D with or without genistein; vitamin D increases associated with reductions in bone turnover markers, and genistein added no consistent additional benefit.
National cross‑sectional study in Portugal showing very low population 25(OH)D (median 13.8 ng/mL) and associations: low vitamin D linked with higher BMI, glucose and triglycerides; PTH associated with BMI and waist circumference.
National cross‑sectional study in Portugal showing very low population 25(OH)D (median 13.8 ng/mL) and associations: low vitamin D linked with higher BMI, glucose and triglycerides; PTH associated with BMI and waist circumference.
National cross‑sectional study in Portugal showing very low population 25(OH)D (median 13.8 ng/mL) and associations: low vitamin D linked with higher BMI, glucose and triglycerides; PTH associated with BMI and waist circumference.
Randomized trial comparing classic vs harmonic scalpel total thyroidectomy; both groups showed altered calcium and PTH postoperatively and greater subclinical parathyroid impairment after harmonic‑scalpel surgery.
Randomized trial comparing classic vs harmonic scalpel total thyroidectomy; both groups showed altered calcium and PTH postoperatively and greater subclinical parathyroid impairment after harmonic‑scalpel surgery.
In risperidone-treated boys, 9 months of calcium (1250 mg/day) plus vitamin D (400 IU/day) did not increase measured bone mass.
In risperidone-treated boys, 9 months of calcium (1250 mg/day) plus vitamin D (400 IU/day) did not increase measured bone mass.
In risperidone-treated boys, 9 months of calcium (1250 mg/day) plus vitamin D (400 IU/day) did not increase measured bone mass.
In hemodialysis patients with adynamic bone disease, the calcium-based binder (calcium carbonate) was associated with higher blood calcium, greater progression of coronary artery calcification and lower bone mineral density compared with lanthanum carbonate over 12 months.
In children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, vitamin D3 plus calcium raised 25(OH)D levels but did not change bone mineral content/density or relapse rate; hypercalciuria was common in treated patients.
Case-control study of infants <1 year with urinary tract stones versus controls assessing risk factors, VDR polymorphisms and metabolic causes.
Case-control study of infants <1 year with urinary tract stones versus controls assessing risk factors, VDR polymorphisms and metabolic causes.
Case-control study of infants <1 year with urinary tract stones versus controls assessing risk factors, VDR polymorphisms and metabolic causes.
Small double-blind RCT in heart failure patients testing high-dose vitamin D3 vs placebo; vitamin D levels rose markedly and some hormonal (PTH), BNP and QOL measures improved.
Sub-study describing recruitment and retention methods and metrics from the multi-country CAP trial of preconception calcium supplementation; reports screening, recruitment yields, and pregnancy/retention rates.
Sub-study describing recruitment and retention methods and metrics from the multi-country CAP trial of preconception calcium supplementation; reports screening, recruitment yields, and pregnancy/retention rates.
Sub-study describing recruitment and retention methods and metrics from the multi-country CAP trial of preconception calcium supplementation; reports screening, recruitment yields, and pregnancy/retention rates.
Randomized comparison of β-tricalcium phosphate (ChronOS), Bio‑Oss, autogenous bone graft, and combinations for maxillary sinus augmentation in humans; assessed new bone formation and immunohistochemical markers.
Randomized comparison of β-tricalcium phosphate (ChronOS), Bio‑Oss, autogenous bone graft, and combinations for maxillary sinus augmentation in humans; assessed new bone formation and immunohistochemical markers.
Post hoc analysis of the REPLACE randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing whether rhPTH(1-84) added to optimized conventional therapy (including oral calcium and active vitamin D) improves SF-36 health-related quality-of-life domains.
Post hoc analysis of the REPLACE randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing whether rhPTH(1-84) added to optimized conventional therapy (including oral calcium and active vitamin D) improves SF-36 health-related quality-of-life domains.
Post hoc analysis of the REPLACE randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing whether rhPTH(1-84) added to optimized conventional therapy (including oral calcium and active vitamin D) improves SF-36 health-related quality-of-life domains.
Two-by-two factorial RCT in vitamin D–deficient young males testing cholecalciferol and/or elemental calcium supplementation vs placebo on handgrip strength and serum testosterone over 6 months (228 randomized, 180 completed).
Randomized open-label study comparing a yogurt-textured, calcium-supplemented amino-acid formula versus standard liquid amino-acid formula in infants/children with severe cow's milk allergy; assessed symptoms, nutrient intake, anthropometrics over 28 days.
Randomized open-label study comparing a yogurt-textured, calcium-supplemented amino-acid formula versus standard liquid amino-acid formula in infants/children with severe cow's milk allergy; assessed symptoms, nutrient intake, anthropometrics over 28 days.
Mixture containing calcium hydroxide used as root‑filling in children had high success and resorbed at a rate similar to roots.
Mixture containing calcium hydroxide used as root‑filling in children had high success and resorbed at a rate similar to roots.
Mixture containing calcium hydroxide used as root‑filling in children had high success and resorbed at a rate similar to roots.
In children, a Ca3SiO5-based substitute and a Ca(OH)2-based liner produced similarly high clinical and radiographic success after 12 months.
Single supervised application of a PAP-based non‑peroxide gel containing calcium lactate gluconate produced immediate tooth whitening sustained at 24 h with few transient soft‑tissue effects.
Single supervised application of a PAP-based non‑peroxide gel containing calcium lactate gluconate produced immediate tooth whitening sustained at 24 h with few transient soft‑tissue effects.
Single supervised application of a PAP-based non‑peroxide gel containing calcium lactate gluconate produced immediate tooth whitening sustained at 24 h with few transient soft‑tissue effects.
Two-year randomized trial of exercise (with calcium + vitamin D supplementation) in postmenopausal women; high-impact training improved femoral neck T-scores more than fast walking.
Two-year randomized trial of exercise (with calcium + vitamin D supplementation) in postmenopausal women; high-impact training improved femoral neck T-scores more than fast walking.
Cohort of 252 hypertensive patients followed ~13 years: coronary artery calcification (CAC) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) each predict higher cardiovascular event risk, especially when both present.
Cohort of 252 hypertensive patients followed ~13 years: coronary artery calcification (CAC) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) each predict higher cardiovascular event risk, especially when both present.
Cohort of 252 hypertensive patients followed ~13 years: coronary artery calcification (CAC) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) each predict higher cardiovascular event risk, especially when both present.
Randomized trial of 60 implants comparing synthetic PLA vs collagen membranes with biphasic calcium phosphate graft: similar facial bone thickness loss at 6 months and all implants osseointegrated.
Randomized trial of 60 implants comparing synthetic PLA vs collagen membranes with biphasic calcium phosphate graft: similar facial bone thickness loss at 6 months and all implants osseointegrated.
Cluster-randomized evaluation of an integrated nutrition package (including free calcium tablets) vs standard care showing improved supplement use, diet diversity and breastfeeding.
Cluster-randomized evaluation of an integrated nutrition package (including free calcium tablets) vs standard care showing improved supplement use, diet diversity and breastfeeding.
In Chinese postmenopausal women, daily fortified milk (1200 mg calcium + vitamin D + FOS-inulin) for 52 weeks increased 25(OH)D, suppressed bone turnover markers and preserved femoral neck BMD compared with regular milk.
A 3-month post-discharge individualized nutritional program (including vitamin D3/calcium supplement among other components) did not improve 1- or 4-year survival versus usual care despite earlier short-term functional benefits.
A 3-month post-discharge individualized nutritional program (including vitamin D3/calcium supplement among other components) did not improve 1- or 4-year survival versus usual care despite earlier short-term functional benefits.
6-month pilot RCT in osteopenic breast cancer survivors found no added bone or performance benefit from adding home exercise to calcium + vitamin D supplements.
Cluster-randomized trial in pregnant women comparing standard (3×500 mg/day) vs low-dose (2×500 mg/day) antenatal calcium regimens: the simpler lower-dose regimen led to substantially lower calcium intake.
Cluster-randomized trial in pregnant women comparing standard (3×500 mg/day) vs low-dose (2×500 mg/day) antenatal calcium regimens: the simpler lower-dose regimen led to substantially lower calcium intake.
rhPTH(1-84) at 25 or 50 μg/d allowed a subset of hypoparathyroidism patients to reduce calcium and calcitriol supplements and was generally tolerated.
rhPTH(1-84) at 25 or 50 μg/d allowed a subset of hypoparathyroidism patients to reduce calcium and calcitriol supplements and was generally tolerated.
In symptomatic outpatients, coronary artery calcium (CAC) score predicted cardiovascular events reasonably well and most events occurred in patients with measurable CAC.
In symptomatic outpatients, coronary artery calcium (CAC) score predicted cardiovascular events reasonably well and most events occurred in patients with measurable CAC.
Five days of low energy availability increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation in women but not in men.
Adding cilnidipine to RAS blockade reduced urine albumin-creatinine ratio from baseline; cilnidipine showed greater anti-albuminuric effect than amlodipine in patients with diabetes duration ≥10 years.
Adding cilnidipine to RAS blockade reduced urine albumin-creatinine ratio from baseline; cilnidipine showed greater anti-albuminuric effect than amlodipine in patients with diabetes duration ≥10 years.
Applying CPP-ACP paste twice daily after braces did not improve white spot lesions compared with normal fluoride toothpaste over 36 months.
Applying CPP-ACP paste twice daily after braces did not improve white spot lesions compared with normal fluoride toothpaste over 36 months.
In HIV-positive adults receiving vitamin D plus calcium, bioavailable 25(OH)D rose more in black than nonblack participants but bone markers and BMD changes were similar between races at 48 weeks.
In HIV-positive adults receiving vitamin D plus calcium, bioavailable 25(OH)D rose more in black than nonblack participants but bone markers and BMD changes were similar between races at 48 weeks.
Among overweight adults on a 24-week calorie-restricted diet, high-dairy (higher calcium) intake did not increase fecal fat excretion or accelerate weight/fat loss versus low-dairy.
Among overweight adults on a 24-week calorie-restricted diet, high-dairy (higher calcium) intake did not increase fecal fat excretion or accelerate weight/fat loss versus low-dairy.
Adding somatostatin enema to standard care shortened symptom recovery and decreased inflammation; blood calcium rose after treatment.
Partial pulpotomy using calcium-containing materials showed different healing: Biodentine and MTA gave better dentinal bridge formation and clinical outcomes than TheraCal.
Partial pulpotomy using calcium-containing materials showed different healing: Biodentine and MTA gave better dentinal bridge formation and clinical outcomes than TheraCal.
Partial pulpotomy using calcium-containing materials showed different healing: Biodentine and MTA gave better dentinal bridge formation and clinical outcomes than TheraCal.
Giving calcium chloride with neostigmine sped early neuromuscular recovery after surgery.
Giving calcium chloride with neostigmine sped early neuromuscular recovery after surgery.
Giving calcium chloride with neostigmine sped early neuromuscular recovery after surgery.
Calcium phosphate‑hybridized tendon grafts reduced femoral bone tunnel enlargement one year after ACL reconstruction.
Calcium phosphate‑hybridized tendon grafts reduced femoral bone tunnel enlargement one year after ACL reconstruction.
Calcium phosphate‑hybridized tendon grafts reduced femoral bone tunnel enlargement one year after ACL reconstruction.
Adding platelet-rich products to beta-tricalcium phosphate graft did not increase new bone formation after sinus-floor augmentation.
Adding platelet-rich products to beta-tricalcium phosphate graft did not increase new bone formation after sinus-floor augmentation.
A new human milk fortifier (higher protein:energy, includes similar mineral/calcium content) increased weight gain in preterm infants; small changes in blood and urine calcium but no change in bone mineral density.
In children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, vitamin D3 plus calcium raised 25(OH)D levels but did not change bone mineral content/density or relapse rate; hypercalciuria was common in treated patients.
A new human milk fortifier (higher protein:energy, includes similar mineral/calcium content) increased weight gain in preterm infants; small changes in blood and urine calcium but no change in bone mineral density.
In children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, vitamin D3 plus calcium raised 25(OH)D levels but did not change bone mineral content/density or relapse rate; hypercalciuria was common in treated patients.
Short RCT in adults found oral calcium carbonate did not reduce skin-prick-test wheal size or itching compared to placebo.
Short RCT in adults found oral calcium carbonate did not reduce skin-prick-test wheal size or itching compared to placebo.
A 20-week randomized double-blind trial in older men: twice-daily multi-ingredient supplement (whey protein, creatine, 400 mg calcium, vitamin D, n-3 PUFA) increased lean mass and strength and improved some metabolic markers compared with control.
A 20-week randomized double-blind trial in older men: twice-daily multi-ingredient supplement (whey protein, creatine, 400 mg calcium, vitamin D, n-3 PUFA) increased lean mass and strength and improved some metabolic markers compared with control.
Randomized double-blind clinical trial in 48 volunteers comparing two biphasic calcium phosphate biomaterials in dental sockets; biomaterial B1 (HA 60.3% / β-TCP 39.7%) produced the greatest new bone formation at 6 months.
12-week randomized placebo-controlled trial of IL-1 blockade (rilonacept) in CKD patients: inflammation (hsCRP) decreased but there were no significant changes in serum markers of mineral metabolism (calcium, phosphate, vitamin D metabolites, iPTH, FGF23); a small pilot substudy showed a near-significant trend toward improved 400 m walk time.
12-week randomized placebo-controlled trial of IL-1 blockade (rilonacept) in CKD patients: inflammation (hsCRP) decreased but there were no significant changes in serum markers of mineral metabolism (calcium, phosphate, vitamin D metabolites, iPTH, FGF23); a small pilot substudy showed a near-significant trend toward improved 400 m walk time.
A multimodal nutrition protocol around knee replacement reduced albumin transfusions, electrolyte disorders including low calcium on day 1, and shortened hospital stay.
Enhanced exercise and combined calcium plus vitamin D helped maintain or improve muscle strength in postmenopausal women at high osteoporosis risk.
Enhanced exercise and combined calcium plus vitamin D helped maintain or improve muscle strength in postmenopausal women at high osteoporosis risk.
An education and counseling program increased osteoporosis knowledge, self-efficacy, weekly exercise and daily calcium intake in at-risk women.
In an in situ human model, adding 5% CSPS to an SMFP dentifrice did not improve enamel lesion remineralization versus the same fluoride dentifrice without CSPS.
After weight loss, adding protein supplements (one arm included whey plus calcium) did not improve weight maintenance compared with control, although protein supplements increased diet-induced thermogenesis and resting energy expenditure.
After weight loss, adding protein supplements (one arm included whey plus calcium) did not improve weight maintenance compared with control, although protein supplements increased diet-induced thermogenesis and resting energy expenditure.
After tooth bleaching, CPP-ACPF reduced immediate post-operative sensitivity (notably after the first session) vs control; NovaMin showed only short-term reduction and neither agent affected bleaching color change.
Adding a calcium-containing compound (CSPS) to a fluoride toothpaste did not change enamel remineralization compared with fluoride alone.
Daily local application of CPP-ACFP for 4 weeks significantly remineralized initial enamel caries (white spot lesions).
Daily local application of CPP-ACFP for 4 weeks significantly remineralized initial enamel caries (white spot lesions).
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation was associated with a lower risk of developing hematologic malignancies, especially lymphoid types, but did not significantly reduce death from these cancers overall.
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation was associated with a lower risk of developing hematologic malignancies, especially lymphoid types, but did not significantly reduce death from these cancers overall.
Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation was associated with a lower risk of developing hematologic malignancies, especially lymphoid types, but did not significantly reduce death from these cancers overall.
Supplemental calcium (500 or 1000 mg) did not alter absorption of carotenoids from a spinach meal in healthy men.
Supplemental calcium (500 or 1000 mg) did not alter absorption of carotenoids from a spinach meal in healthy men.
Supplemental calcium (500 or 1000 mg) did not alter absorption of carotenoids from a spinach meal in healthy men.
Daily vitamin D3 at 10 or 30 µg did not cause severe high blood calcium in infants; mild hypercalcemia was more common at 6 months than at 12 months.
Daily vitamin D3 at 10 or 30 µg did not cause severe high blood calcium in infants; mild hypercalcemia was more common at 6 months than at 12 months.
Daily vitamin D3 at 10 or 30 µg did not cause severe high blood calcium in infants; mild hypercalcemia was more common at 6 months than at 12 months.
In mature permanent molars with pulp exposure, MTA had higher success than calcium hydroxide over 2 years.
In mature permanent molars with pulp exposure, MTA had higher success than calcium hydroxide over 2 years.
Twelve weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in women with PCOS reduced hirsutism and some inflammation/oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity.
Twelve weeks of magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D co-supplementation in women with PCOS reduced hirsutism and some inflammation/oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant capacity.
In 60 vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS, 8 weeks of vitamin D–K–calcium co-supplementation lowered free testosterone and DHEAS and improved antioxidant capacity versus placebo.
In 104 overweight, vitamin D–deficient women with PCOS, 8 weeks of calcium plus vitamin D improved several inflammation and oxidative-stress biomarkers compared with placebo.
In plasma exchange with citrate anticoagulation, filtered plasma iCa is modestly lower than postfilter iCa and shows modest agreement; neither iCa correlated with bedside clotting time.
In plasma exchange with citrate anticoagulation, filtered plasma iCa is modestly lower than postfilter iCa and shows modest agreement; neither iCa correlated with bedside clotting time.
In plasma exchange with citrate anticoagulation, filtered plasma iCa is modestly lower than postfilter iCa and shows modest agreement; neither iCa correlated with bedside clotting time.
In infected root canals, a 14-day calcium hydroxide dressing markedly lowered endotoxin levels; photodynamic therapy helped reduce bacteria in one-visit treatments but did not affect endotoxins.
In infected root canals, a 14-day calcium hydroxide dressing markedly lowered endotoxin levels; photodynamic therapy helped reduce bacteria in one-visit treatments but did not affect endotoxins.
In infected root canals, a 14-day calcium hydroxide dressing markedly lowered endotoxin levels; photodynamic therapy helped reduce bacteria in one-visit treatments but did not affect endotoxins.
In middle-aged men, dietary calcium intake was not associated with baseline bone mineral density or bone loss over 2 years, though higher calcium intake correlated with slightly lower PTH.
In middle-aged men, dietary calcium intake was not associated with baseline bone mineral density or bone loss over 2 years, though higher calcium intake correlated with slightly lower PTH.
Infants with cow's milk allergy fed an amino acid–based formula for 16 weeks generally had mineral blood values within age-specific reference ranges and median calcium/phosphorus intakes above recommendations.
Infants with cow's milk allergy fed an amino acid–based formula for 16 weeks generally had mineral blood values within age-specific reference ranges and median calcium/phosphorus intakes above recommendations.
CASR genetic variants showed modest associations with baseline mineral metabolism measures and with biochemical response to cinacalcet; some SNPs linked to fracture risk which was attenuated by cinacalcet.
CASR genetic variants showed modest associations with baseline mineral metabolism measures and with biochemical response to cinacalcet; some SNPs linked to fracture risk which was attenuated by cinacalcet.
CASR genetic variants showed modest associations with baseline mineral metabolism measures and with biochemical response to cinacalcet; some SNPs linked to fracture risk which was attenuated by cinacalcet.
In a randomized crossover trial, calcium bioavailability from three mineral waters was equivalent to milk and a calcium supplement in healthy adults.
In a randomized crossover trial, calcium bioavailability from three mineral waters was equivalent to milk and a calcium supplement in healthy adults.
In a randomized crossover trial, calcium bioavailability from three mineral waters was equivalent to milk and a calcium supplement in healthy adults.
In a randomized trial (maternal 1500 mg Ca/day), offspring at 8–12 y showed sex-specific effects: females of supplemented mothers were shorter with smaller bones and lower BMC, while males tended to have greater size and higher fat mass.
In a randomized trial (maternal 1500 mg Ca/day), offspring at 8–12 y showed sex-specific effects: females of supplemented mothers were shorter with smaller bones and lower BMC, while males tended to have greater size and higher fat mass.
In a randomized trial (maternal 1500 mg Ca/day), offspring at 8–12 y showed sex-specific effects: females of supplemented mothers were shorter with smaller bones and lower BMC, while males tended to have greater size and higher fat mass.
RCT comparing MTA versus calcium hydroxide for pulp capping in deep caries (100 teeth in 73 patients) found no significant difference in pulp vitality through 24 months; both materials clinically acceptable.
Injecting calcium hydroxylapatite into the dorsal hands significantly improved hand volume appearance for up to 12 months with mostly minor injection-related side effects.
Injecting calcium hydroxylapatite into the dorsal hands significantly improved hand volume appearance for up to 12 months with mostly minor injection-related side effects.
Eggshell-derived calcium (300 mg/day) increased bone mass over 12 months and was more effective than calcium carbonate in this small postmenopausal cohort.
Titrating calcium carbonate in hemodialysis patients achieved and maintained lower serum phosphate over 26 weeks without increased adverse events.
Using lower‑calcium dialysate (1.25 mmol/L) accelerated progression of coronary artery calcification over 12 months compared with standard (1.5 mmol/L) dialysate.
One week of cinacalcet (30 mg/day) lowered blood calcium and PTH but did not significantly change arterial stiffness or heart function in hemodialysis patients.
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, supplemental elemental calcium (1.0 or 2.0 g/day) did not appreciably change circulating IGF-1, IGFBP-3, or their molar ratio versus placebo.
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, supplemental elemental calcium (1.0 or 2.0 g/day) did not appreciably change circulating IGF-1, IGFBP-3, or their molar ratio versus placebo.
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, supplemental elemental calcium (1.0 or 2.0 g/day) did not appreciably change circulating IGF-1, IGFBP-3, or their molar ratio versus placebo.
Patients with sialolithiasis had lower serum calcium and higher saliva fetuin-A, saliva phosphorus, and saliva total protein compared with controls, suggesting local biochemical differences in stone formers.
Patients with sialolithiasis had lower serum calcium and higher saliva fetuin-A, saliva phosphorus, and saliva total protein compared with controls, suggesting local biochemical differences in stone formers.
Chinese postmenopausal women given 25,000 IU or 50,000 IU cholecalciferol every 4 weeks largely maintained vitamin D sufficiency without causing hyperparathyroidism or toxicity.
Randomized, placebo-controlled vitamin D3 dosing study (placebo, 800, 2000, 4000 IU) in 71 subjects measuring free and total 25(OH)D, calcium absorption via dual isotopes, PTH, and bone turnover markers.
Randomized study in lactose-intolerant adults found milk fortified with inulin and vitamin D3 (and milk minerals) increased BMD at 6 weeks in the supplemented group, while other measures (calcium absorption, GI symptoms) showed non-significant changes.
Soldiers taking HMB calcium (with or without a probiotic) during intense military training showed reduced inflammatory cytokines and the probiotic+CaHMB group had better muscle integrity than CaHMB alone.
Soldiers taking HMB calcium (with or without a probiotic) during intense military training showed reduced inflammatory cytokines and the probiotic+CaHMB group had better muscle integrity than CaHMB alone.
Soldiers taking HMB calcium (with or without a probiotic) during intense military training showed reduced inflammatory cytokines and the probiotic+CaHMB group had better muscle integrity than CaHMB alone.
Vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS given combined calcium+D+K for 8 weeks had improved insulin sensitivity markers and lower triglycerides/VLDL versus placebo.
In maintenance dialysis patients the citrate-containing dialysate plus heparin-grafted membrane regimen was noninferior to regional citrate anticoagulation for preventing clotting; clinically relevant hypocalcaemia occurred only with RCA.
In maintenance dialysis patients the citrate-containing dialysate plus heparin-grafted membrane regimen was noninferior to regional citrate anticoagulation for preventing clotting; clinically relevant hypocalcaemia occurred only with RCA.
Both CSPS-containing dentifrices (a calcium-containing bioactive) produced significant reductions in dentin hypersensitivity over 8 weeks; non-inferiority margin was not formally met but no significant differences between groups were found.
Using a calcium hydroxide liner during stepwise caries removal provided no added short-term benefit for tooth vitality.
Using a calcium hydroxide liner during stepwise caries removal provided no added short-term benefit for tooth vitality.
A single application of sodium citrate nasal spray transiently improved smell sensitivity in some patients, likely via lowering nasal mucus calcium.
A single application of sodium citrate nasal spray transiently improved smell sensitivity in some patients, likely via lowering nasal mucus calcium.
Oral paricalcitol reduced intact PTH in children with CKD (stages 3–5) with an acceptable safety profile, though some hypercalcemia occurred in stage 5 patients.
Adding three extra daily dairy servings to raise calcium intake had no effect on most measures of bone mass or body composition in 8–16-year-olds, except for greater tibial BMC gain.
Adding three extra daily dairy servings to raise calcium intake had no effect on most measures of bone mass or body composition in 8–16-year-olds, except for greater tibial BMC gain.
Adding hemoperfusion (especially HA330-RHA) to hemodialysis reduced pruritus and inflammation and lowered PTH compared with hemodialysis alone.
Adding hemoperfusion (especially HA330-RHA) to hemodialysis reduced pruritus and inflammation and lowered PTH compared with hemodialysis alone.
Placing 1-week intracanal calcium hydroxide (two-visit treatment) did not improve 1-year healing but was associated with more short-term post-treatment pain and analgesic use than single-visit treatment.
Placing 1-week intracanal calcium hydroxide (two-visit treatment) did not improve 1-year healing but was associated with more short-term post-treatment pain and analgesic use than single-visit treatment.
Education and the mobile app increased bone-health knowledge and were associated with changes in some blood markers including calcium.
Preoperative scopolamine butylbromide reduced postoperative cognitive dysfunction cases and lowered related blood markers.
Preoperative scopolamine butylbromide reduced postoperative cognitive dysfunction cases and lowered related blood markers.
Prospective cohort analysis showing that longer periods of adequate dietary calcium intake in early childhood are associated with higher bone mineral density at age 7.
Prospective cohort analysis showing that longer periods of adequate dietary calcium intake in early childhood are associated with higher bone mineral density at age 7.
Large randomized placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 plus calcium (1500 mg/day) vs placebo in older women found a non-significant reduction in all-cancer incidence over 4 years and some increased adverse events.
Large randomized placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 plus calcium (1500 mg/day) vs placebo in older women found a non-significant reduction in all-cancer incidence over 4 years and some increased adverse events.
Large randomized placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D3 plus calcium (1500 mg/day) vs placebo in older women found a non-significant reduction in all-cancer incidence over 4 years and some increased adverse events.
In overweight adolescent girls randomized to increase dairy calcium to ≥1200 mg/day versus maintain ≤600 mg/day, there was no reduction in body fat gain over 12 months.
In overweight adolescent girls randomized to increase dairy calcium to ≥1200 mg/day versus maintain ≤600 mg/day, there was no reduction in body fat gain over 12 months.
In children with infected primary teeth, calcium hydroxide dressings reduced bacterial counts; adding chlorhexidine did not improve results and pure calcium hydroxide had greater complete elimination.
In children with infected primary teeth, calcium hydroxide dressings reduced bacterial counts; adding chlorhexidine did not improve results and pure calcium hydroxide had greater complete elimination.
After partial caries removal and sealing, dentin darkened and hardened in all groups; resin-modified glass ionomer reduced dentinal tubule lumen size more than calcium hydroxide or control.
After partial caries removal and sealing, dentin darkened and hardened in all groups; resin-modified glass ionomer reduced dentinal tubule lumen size more than calcium hydroxide or control.
Randomized trial of early versus later bisphosphonate start after hip fracture; all patients received calcium (1000 mg/day) and vitamin D and no symptomatic hypocalcemia occurred.
Randomized trial of early versus later bisphosphonate start after hip fracture; all patients received calcium (1000 mg/day) and vitamin D and no symptomatic hypocalcemia occurred.
In 106 patients after total thyroidectomy, routine oral calcium greatly reduced early symptomatic low calcium compared with no supplementation.
Taking 1000 mg chewable calcium 30 minutes before a 35-km cycling trial partially reduced the exercise-induced drop in serum ionized calcium and attenuated the rise in PTH but did not prevent increased bone resorption marker levels.
Taking 1000 mg chewable calcium 30 minutes before a 35-km cycling trial partially reduced the exercise-induced drop in serum ionized calcium and attenuated the rise in PTH but did not prevent increased bone resorption marker levels.
Taking 1000 mg chewable calcium 30 minutes before a 35-km cycling trial partially reduced the exercise-induced drop in serum ionized calcium and attenuated the rise in PTH but did not prevent increased bone resorption marker levels.
Randomized trial in patients needing indirect pulp capping showed similar 12-month clinical success for calcium-silicate cement and glass ionomer, though CBCT revealed more healed lesions with the calcium-silicate material.
In children undergoing indirect pulp capping, three materials (including calcium hydroxide) produced high clinical success and led to formation of reparative dentin with increased thickness and radiodensity at 6 months.
In children undergoing indirect pulp capping, three materials (including calcium hydroxide) produced high clinical success and led to formation of reparative dentin with increased thickness and radiodensity at 6 months.
In children undergoing indirect pulp capping, three materials (including calcium hydroxide) produced high clinical success and led to formation of reparative dentin with increased thickness and radiodensity at 6 months.
A behavioral nutrition program increased children's dietary calcium intake for up to 12 months but did not change bone mineral accrual; higher calcium intake was associated with smaller BMI increases at some timepoints.
A behavioral nutrition program increased children's dietary calcium intake for up to 12 months but did not change bone mineral accrual; higher calcium intake was associated with smaller BMI increases at some timepoints.
In adults with dentine hypersensitivity, a 5% CSPS (calcium-containing) toothpaste reduced sensitivity within 1 week and provided continued benefit over 11 weeks, with similar efficacy to an 8% arginine/calcium carbonate paste.
In an in situ human model, adding 5% CSPS to an SMFP dentifrice did not improve enamel lesion remineralization versus the same fluoride dentifrice without CSPS.
In an in situ human model, adding 5% CSPS to an SMFP dentifrice did not improve enamel lesion remineralization versus the same fluoride dentifrice without CSPS.
In 7–9-year-old children with pulp exposures, Biodentine and MTA showed 100% clinical and radiographic success at 6 and 12 months and similar dentin bridge formation.
Large RCT of calcium (1000 mg) plus vitamin D (400 IU) vs placebo: protective effect on fracture risk was seen only in women with lowest genetic predisposition to low BMD.
Large RCT of calcium (1000 mg) plus vitamin D (400 IU) vs placebo: protective effect on fracture risk was seen only in women with lowest genetic predisposition to low BMD.
IV etelcalcetide reduced PTH more often than oral cinacalcet in hemodialysis patients but caused more decreases in blood calcium.
IV etelcalcetide reduced PTH more often than oral cinacalcet in hemodialysis patients but caused more decreases in blood calcium.
IV etelcalcetide reduced PTH more often than oral cinacalcet in hemodialysis patients but caused more decreases in blood calcium.
Intravenous calcimimetic etelcalcetide in haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism reduced PTH and lowered serum calcium, phosphorus and FGF23 versus placebo.
Intravenous calcimimetic etelcalcetide in haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism reduced PTH and lowered serum calcium, phosphorus and FGF23 versus placebo.
Intravenous calcimimetic etelcalcetide in haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism reduced PTH and lowered serum calcium, phosphorus and FGF23 versus placebo.
Small randomized crossover in situ study showing that applying CPP-ACP (a calcium‑containing mousse) preserves fluoride's buffering effect on plaque pH even when teeth are rinsed immediately.
Small randomized crossover in situ study showing that applying CPP-ACP (a calcium‑containing mousse) preserves fluoride's buffering effect on plaque pH even when teeth are rinsed immediately.
Small randomized crossover in situ study showing that applying CPP-ACP (a calcium‑containing mousse) preserves fluoride's buffering effect on plaque pH even when teeth are rinsed immediately.
Randomized clinical trial showing monthly in-office CPP-ACP paste application reduced the incidence of white spot lesions in orthodontic patients versus control.
Randomized controlled trial comparing silicate-substituted calcium phosphate (Si-CaP) graft substitute to autologous bone for tunnel augmentation in revision ACL, showing good integration and comparable outcomes.
Randomized controlled trial comparing silicate-substituted calcium phosphate (Si-CaP) graft substitute to autologous bone for tunnel augmentation in revision ACL, showing good integration and comparable outcomes.
Randomized controlled trial comparing silicate-substituted calcium phosphate (Si-CaP) graft substitute to autologous bone for tunnel augmentation in revision ACL, showing good integration and comparable outcomes.
In 106 patients after total thyroidectomy, routine oral calcium greatly reduced early symptomatic low calcium compared with no supplementation.
In 30 chronic hemodialysis patients using regional citrate anticoagulation, targeting normal ionized calcium produced a larger positive calcium balance than aiming for mild hypocalcemia.
In 30 chronic hemodialysis patients using regional citrate anticoagulation, targeting normal ionized calcium produced a larger positive calcium balance than aiming for mild hypocalcemia.
In 30 chronic hemodialysis patients using regional citrate anticoagulation, targeting normal ionized calcium produced a larger positive calcium balance than aiming for mild hypocalcemia.
Large randomized trials of calcium ± vitamin D showed calcium+vitamin D increased serum 25(OH)D, and a specific SNP (rs11185644) was associated with vitamin D response.
Large randomized trials of calcium ± vitamin D showed calcium+vitamin D increased serum 25(OH)D, and a specific SNP (rs11185644) was associated with vitamin D response.
Large randomized trials of calcium ± vitamin D showed calcium+vitamin D increased serum 25(OH)D, and a specific SNP (rs11185644) was associated with vitamin D response.
Large randomized trial of vitamin D3 and calcium supplements found no overall benefit of calcium on colorectal adenoma recurrence; vitamin D3 effects varied by VDR genotype.
Large randomized trial of vitamin D3 and calcium supplements found no overall benefit of calcium on colorectal adenoma recurrence; vitamin D3 effects varied by VDR genotype.
Randomized single-blind study comparing four toothpastes found the calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSPS/NovaMin) toothpaste produced the best reduction in dentinal hypersensitivity at 2 months.
Randomized trial comparing enamel matrix derivative (EMD) alone versus EMD plus biphasic calcium phosphate graft; both improved clinical and radiographic measures at 12 months with no significant difference between groups.
Randomized trial comparing enamel matrix derivative (EMD) alone versus EMD plus biphasic calcium phosphate graft; both improved clinical and radiographic measures at 12 months with no significant difference between groups.
Randomized study in children comparing MTA versus IRM as pulpal floor base after pulpectomy found similar overall success rates but faster lesion healing with MTA.
Older adults randomized to 4000 IU, 2000 IU or placebo daily: high-dose vitamin D greatly raised blood 25(OH)D, modestly lowered PTH and produced only trivial increases in blood calcium without clinical harms over 1 year.
Older adults randomized to 4000 IU, 2000 IU or placebo daily: high-dose vitamin D greatly raised blood 25(OH)D, modestly lowered PTH and produced only trivial increases in blood calcium without clinical harms over 1 year.
Older adults randomized to 4000 IU, 2000 IU or placebo daily: high-dose vitamin D greatly raised blood 25(OH)D, modestly lowered PTH and produced only trivial increases in blood calcium without clinical harms over 1 year.
Six-month treadmill exercise in obese asthmatics on long-term corticosteroids increased bone mineral density and serum calcium and reduced PTH and inflammatory cytokines compared with controls.
In VLBW infants, mixed-model analysis linked calcium and phosphorus intake to changes in serum/urine Ca–P parameters (e.g., sP, urinary Ca, TrP, ALP) during first 14 days.
In VLBW infants, mixed-model analysis linked calcium and phosphorus intake to changes in serum/urine Ca–P parameters (e.g., sP, urinary Ca, TrP, ALP) during first 14 days.
24-week RCT in chronic hemodialysis patients: lanthanum reduced FGF23 and showed a trend to lower hepcidin, whereas calcium carbonate did not produce those reductions.
12-month randomized prospective study: intermittent oral sodium bicarbonate maintained recommended alkaline reserve and was associated with better vascular parameters compared with controls.
12-month randomized prospective study: intermittent oral sodium bicarbonate maintained recommended alkaline reserve and was associated with better vascular parameters compared with controls.
12-month randomized prospective study: intermittent oral sodium bicarbonate maintained recommended alkaline reserve and was associated with better vascular parameters compared with controls.
In children/adolescents undergoing myeloablative HCT, topical Caphosol (calcium phosphate) rinses did not reduce severe oral mucositis or related pain, opioid use, or infections compared with saline placebo.
In children/adolescents undergoing myeloablative HCT, topical Caphosol (calcium phosphate) rinses did not reduce severe oral mucositis or related pain, opioid use, or infections compared with saline placebo.
In children/adolescents undergoing myeloablative HCT, topical Caphosol (calcium phosphate) rinses did not reduce severe oral mucositis or related pain, opioid use, or infections compared with saline placebo.
Monorhinal intranasal sodium citrate produced a small statistically significant improvement in combined olfactory threshold and identification scores versus saline in post-infectious smell loss, but the effect did not reach clinical significance.
In 21 children over 12 weeks, twice-daily CPP-ACP paste improved the appearance and remineralisation of white spot tooth lesions; added fluoride varnish provided no extra benefit.
In 21 children over 12 weeks, twice-daily CPP-ACP paste improved the appearance and remineralisation of white spot tooth lesions; added fluoride varnish provided no extra benefit.
In 21 children over 12 weeks, twice-daily CPP-ACP paste improved the appearance and remineralisation of white spot tooth lesions; added fluoride varnish provided no extra benefit.
In a prospective cohort of 7,634 Tanzanian pregnant women, higher dietary calcium intake was associated with lower risks of preterm birth, extreme preterm birth, and neonatal mortality.
In a prospective cohort of 7,634 Tanzanian pregnant women, higher dietary calcium intake was associated with lower risks of preterm birth, extreme preterm birth, and neonatal mortality.
In a prospective cohort of 7,634 Tanzanian pregnant women, higher dietary calcium intake was associated with lower risks of preterm birth, extreme preterm birth, and neonatal mortality.
12-month double-blind RCT in postpartum lactating women randomized to low, mid or high calcium milk powder; no significant differences between groups in BMD changes at 12 months.
In postmenopausal women, 2-year milk powder supplementation with 900 mg Ca/day (plus vitamin D 800 IU) better prevented bone loss at the greater trochanter than 600 or 300 mg/day.
Randomized multicenter trial comparing ALN+eldecalcitol versus ALN+vitamin D+calcium found both increased BMD; ALN+eldecalcitol produced significantly greater femoral neck BMD gain and larger reductions in bone turnover markers.
Teriparatide given after thyroidectomy reduced low calcium events, shortened hospital stay, and decreased need for postdischarge calcium pills.
Teriparatide given after thyroidectomy reduced low calcium events, shortened hospital stay, and decreased need for postdischarge calcium pills.
Exercise training after CRT increased exercise capacity, reduced sympathetic nerve activity, improved vascular conductance, and altered skeletal muscle Ca2+-handling gene expression.
Exercise training after CRT increased exercise capacity, reduced sympathetic nerve activity, improved vascular conductance, and altered skeletal muscle Ca2+-handling gene expression.
Earlier menopause (<40 y) was linked to higher fracture risk and this association was not altered by calcium + vitamin D or hormone therapy.
Earlier menopause (<40 y) was linked to higher fracture risk and this association was not altered by calcium + vitamin D or hormone therapy.
Earlier menopause (<40 y) was linked to higher fracture risk and this association was not altered by calcium + vitamin D or hormone therapy.
In this randomized double-blind crossover RCT, calcium-caseinate (calcium-containing protein) did not reduce ambulatory blood pressure but did modestly improve endothelial function and lowered total cholesterol compared with control.
Targeted emailed messages increased dairy-based calcium intake at 1 week in all message conditions; the loss-framed plus self-regulatory-efficacy messages maintained the increase at 4 weeks.
Targeted emailed messages increased dairy-based calcium intake at 1 week in all message conditions; the loss-framed plus self-regulatory-efficacy messages maintained the increase at 4 weeks.
Targeted emailed messages increased dairy-based calcium intake at 1 week in all message conditions; the loss-framed plus self-regulatory-efficacy messages maintained the increase at 4 weeks.
Subcutaneous PTH fragments were rapidly absorbed and caused dose-dependent increases in serum calcium and suppression of endogenous PTH in healthy postmenopausal women.
In dialysis patients with refractory SHPT, total parathyroidectomy alone suppressed PTH more effectively and showed no recurrences over 3 years compared with total parathyroidectomy plus autotransplantation; serum calcium was similar between groups.
Randomized trial in women with diminished ovarian reserve testing oocyte activation with a calcium ionophore; small numerical increases in fertilization and pregnancy rates were observed but were not statistically different between groups.
Applying calcium ionophore after IMSI did not improve fertilization or cleavage and was associated with fewer top-quality embryos among fertilized oocytes.
Applying calcium ionophore after IMSI did not improve fertilization or cleavage and was associated with fewer top-quality embryos among fertilized oocytes.
In hypoparathyroid patients, rhPTH(1-84) reduced serum phosphate and calcium–phosphate product and allowed large reductions in active vitamin D dosing while maintaining serum calcium.
In hypoparathyroid patients, rhPTH(1-84) reduced serum phosphate and calcium–phosphate product and allowed large reductions in active vitamin D dosing while maintaining serum calcium.
In NAFLD patients on a weight-loss program, adding calcium to calcitriol produced greater improvements in some metabolic and liver biochemical parameters versus calcitriol alone.
Measured calciotropic hormones, IGF-1, body composition and bone mass across puberty in adolescents; bone mass rose with Tanner stage while serum calcium did not change.
Measured calciotropic hormones, IGF-1, body composition and bone mass across puberty in adolescents; bone mass rose with Tanner stage while serum calcium did not change.
Chewing gum containing bioavailable calcium (with or without fluoride) improved remineralization of white spot enamel lesions over 3 months compared with control.
Chewing gum containing bioavailable calcium (with or without fluoride) improved remineralization of white spot enamel lesions over 3 months compared with control.
In septic AKI patients on CRRT, many electrolyte disturbances improved after 24 h; hyperphosphatemia predicted higher 28- and 90-day mortality while calcium levels were not associated with mortality.
In septic AKI patients on CRRT, many electrolyte disturbances improved after 24 h; hyperphosphatemia predicted higher 28- and 90-day mortality while calcium levels were not associated with mortality.
In septic AKI patients on CRRT, many electrolyte disturbances improved after 24 h; hyperphosphatemia predicted higher 28- and 90-day mortality while calcium levels were not associated with mortality.
Observational cohort of Zambian infants found that micronutrient adequacy (including calcium) and dietary diversity were positively associated with linear growth to 18 months.
Observational cohort of Zambian infants found that micronutrient adequacy (including calcium) and dietary diversity were positively associated with linear growth to 18 months.
Observational cohort of Zambian infants found that micronutrient adequacy (including calcium) and dietary diversity were positively associated with linear growth to 18 months.
Randomized study in lactose-intolerant adults found milk fortified with inulin and vitamin D3 (and milk minerals) increased BMD at 6 weeks in the supplemented group, while other measures (calcium absorption, GI symptoms) showed non-significant changes.
Randomized single-blinded study where both arms received vitamin D plus 800 mg calcium; adding B vitamins produced larger reductions in plasma TMAO and lowered homocysteine compared with vitamin D (with calcium) alone.
Randomized single-blinded study where both arms received vitamin D plus 800 mg calcium; adding B vitamins produced larger reductions in plasma TMAO and lowered homocysteine compared with vitamin D (with calcium) alone.
8-week randomized trial in vitamin D–deficient overweight/obese women with PCOS tested calcium, vitamin D, both, or placebo; co-supplementation improved some insulin and triglyceride measures.
Small open-label randomized trial in ischemic stroke survivors with low vitamin D found no significant improvement in functional outcome but observed higher survival at 6 months with vitamin D plus calcium versus usual care.
Small open-label randomized trial in ischemic stroke survivors with low vitamin D found no significant improvement in functional outcome but observed higher survival at 6 months with vitamin D plus calcium versus usual care.
A workplace behavioural intervention increased women's calcium intake substantially and increased load-bearing physical activity versus standard care at 4 weeks and 6 months.
A workplace behavioural intervention increased women's calcium intake substantially and increased load-bearing physical activity versus standard care at 4 weeks and 6 months.
In postmenopausal women, a single 1 g oral calcium dose raised serum calcium and attenuated the normal post‑breakfast fall in systolic blood pressure compared with placebo over 6 hours.
In postmenopausal women, a single 1 g oral calcium dose raised serum calcium and attenuated the normal post‑breakfast fall in systolic blood pressure compared with placebo over 6 hours.
Interventions including tailor-made vitamin-D/K salmon and vitamin D+calcium tablets (and calcium supplements in fish groups) produced favorable changes in some bone turnover markers and vitamin D status in postmenopausal women over 12 weeks.
Interventions including tailor-made vitamin-D/K salmon and vitamin D+calcium tablets (and calcium supplements in fish groups) produced favorable changes in some bone turnover markers and vitamin D status in postmenopausal women over 12 weeks.
Single high-dose vitamin D3 raised cathelicidin gene expression and reduced inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, ESR); serum calcium increased within normal range and PTH fell.
Single high-dose vitamin D3 raised cathelicidin gene expression and reduced inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, ESR); serum calcium increased within normal range and PTH fell.
Single high-dose vitamin D3 raised cathelicidin gene expression and reduced inflammatory markers (hs-CRP, ESR); serum calcium increased within normal range and PTH fell.
Large randomized trial found daily 1000 mg calcium + 400 IU vitamin D did not prevent height loss in postmenopausal women.
Large randomized trial found daily 1000 mg calcium + 400 IU vitamin D did not prevent height loss in postmenopausal women.
In post-orthodontic patients, twice-daily fluoride toothpaste improved white spot lesions; adding fluoride varnish or CPP-ACP cream produced additional within-group improvements but no clear superiority over toothpaste alone.
In post-orthodontic patients, twice-daily fluoride toothpaste improved white spot lesions; adding fluoride varnish or CPP-ACP cream produced additional within-group improvements but no clear superiority over toothpaste alone.
Randomized crossover in 24 postmenopausal women showed soy isoflavone supplements increased bone calcium retention by ~3.4–7.6%; mixed natural-ratio isoflavones gave the largest benefit (~+7.6%); no difference by equol‑producer status.
Randomized open-label study comparing calcitriol, calcitriol+calcium carbonate, and calcium carbonate alone in GC-treated nephrotic syndrome patients; calcitriol groups showed less adverse change in bone markers and higher lumbar spine BMD at 24 weeks.
Both NaOCl and CHX irrigation reduced bacterial counts; intracanal calcium hydroxide further reduced number of infected canals but increased bacterial load in the remaining positive cases.
Both NaOCl and CHX irrigation reduced bacterial counts; intracanal calcium hydroxide further reduced number of infected canals but increased bacterial load in the remaining positive cases.
Both NaOCl and CHX irrigation reduced bacterial counts; intracanal calcium hydroxide further reduced number of infected canals but increased bacterial load in the remaining positive cases.
Post-hoc analysis in dialysis patients: sevelamer (calcium-free binder) linked to better survival; cinacalcet improved survival only when combined with sevelamer; vitamin D had no effect.
Post-hoc analysis in dialysis patients: sevelamer (calcium-free binder) linked to better survival; cinacalcet improved survival only when combined with sevelamer; vitamin D had no effect.
Post-hoc analysis in dialysis patients: sevelamer (calcium-free binder) linked to better survival; cinacalcet improved survival only when combined with sevelamer; vitamin D had no effect.
Randomized trial in adults: percutaneous fixation with calcium sulfate cement (CSC) had shorter operation time and fewer wound-healing complications than minimally invasive sinus tarsi plate fixation; overall functional scores were similar.
Randomized trial in adults: percutaneous fixation with calcium sulfate cement (CSC) had shorter operation time and fewer wound-healing complications than minimally invasive sinus tarsi plate fixation; overall functional scores were similar.
RCT (n=50) comparing low vs high dialysate calcium over 12 months: low dialysate calcium lowered pre-dialysis ionised calcium and raised PTH but did not change vascular calcification, PWV, LVMI, or BMD.
RCT (n=50) comparing low vs high dialysate calcium over 12 months: low dialysate calcium lowered pre-dialysis ionised calcium and raised PTH but did not change vascular calcification, PWV, LVMI, or BMD.
In 65 children treated for rickets, 1000 mg and 2000 mg calcium produced faster radiographic healing than 500 mg; 2000 mg gave no added healing vs 1000 mg.
In 65 children treated for rickets, 1000 mg and 2000 mg calcium produced faster radiographic healing than 500 mg; 2000 mg gave no added healing vs 1000 mg.
In 65 children treated for rickets, 1000 mg and 2000 mg calcium produced faster radiographic healing than 500 mg; 2000 mg gave no added healing vs 1000 mg.
In women with primary dysmenorrhea, 1000 mg calcium alone reduced menstrual pain vs placebo; calcium+vitamin D showed a non-significant pain reduction; no effect on menstrual blood loss.
Toothpaste with 5% calcium sodium phosphosilicate reduced dentin hypersensitivity at 4 and 8 weeks versus baseline and showed greater improvements than many controls, though an abrasivity-matched 0% formulation had similar effects.
All toothpastes reduced dentin sensitivity; 5% CSPS improved tactile threshold at Week 4 versus an abrasivity-matched 0% formulation, but between-treatment differences were small and inconsistent.
Toothpaste with 5% calcium sodium phosphosilicate reduced dentin hypersensitivity at 4 and 8 weeks versus baseline and showed greater improvements than many controls, though an abrasivity-matched 0% formulation had similar effects.
In preterm infants, higher vitamin D dose (1000 IU/day) increased serum calcium and vitamin D and improved bone mineralization and growth.
In preterm infants, higher vitamin D dose (1000 IU/day) increased serum calcium and vitamin D and improved bone mineralization and growth.
Daily low-dose ACCS100 (calcium montmorillonite clay) reduced a serum biomarker of aflatoxin exposure at 3 months without safety signal.
Daily low-dose ACCS100 (calcium montmorillonite clay) reduced a serum biomarker of aflatoxin exposure at 3 months without safety signal.
One-off intranasal sodium citrate improved odor identification in patients with post-viral smell loss but not in other causes of hyposmia.
One-off intranasal sodium citrate improved odor identification in patients with post-viral smell loss but not in other causes of hyposmia.
Randomized, double-blind trial examined calcium (1200 mg/day) ± vitamin D; calcium alone produced minimal, non-significant changes in APC/β-catenin and E-cadherin in normal-appearing rectal mucosa.
Randomized, double-blind trial examined calcium (1200 mg/day) ± vitamin D; calcium alone produced minimal, non-significant changes in APC/β-catenin and E-cadherin in normal-appearing rectal mucosa.
Randomized, double-blind trial examined calcium (1200 mg/day) ± vitamin D; calcium alone produced minimal, non-significant changes in APC/β-catenin and E-cadherin in normal-appearing rectal mucosa.
In 653 pregnant women, higher urinary cadmium was associated with small decreases in mean arterial pressure, with this association seen among women with high intake of micronutrients including calcium.
In 653 pregnant women, higher urinary cadmium was associated with small decreases in mean arterial pressure, with this association seen among women with high intake of micronutrients including calcium.
In 90 adults with type 2 diabetes, 12 weeks of daily yogurt fortified with 1000 IU vitamin D3 ± 500 mg calcium modestly improved vitamin D status and produced a modest decrease in intact PTH in the vitamin D+calcium group, especially in participants with baseline vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency; osteocalcin did not change.
600 children used low-fluoride toothpastes; TMP-supplemented low-fluoride paste gave fewer new caries than standard 1100 ppm F, while CaGP-supplemented paste performed similarly to 1100 ppm F.
600 children used low-fluoride toothpastes; TMP-supplemented low-fluoride paste gave fewer new caries than standard 1100 ppm F, while CaGP-supplemented paste performed similarly to 1100 ppm F.
600 children used low-fluoride toothpastes; TMP-supplemented low-fluoride paste gave fewer new caries than standard 1100 ppm F, while CaGP-supplemented paste performed similarly to 1100 ppm F.
65 completers on low-carb or low-fat energy-restricted diets lost similar weight; both groups had small decreases in total body BMD and increases in a bone resorption marker over 12 months.
65 completers on low-carb or low-fat energy-restricted diets lost similar weight; both groups had small decreases in total body BMD and increases in a bone resorption marker over 12 months.
65 completers on low-carb or low-fat energy-restricted diets lost similar weight; both groups had small decreases in total body BMD and increases in a bone resorption marker over 12 months.
Pregnant adolescents given calcium + vitamin D had less postpartum bone loss for certain VDR genotypes compared with placebo.
Pregnant adolescents given calcium + vitamin D had less postpartum bone loss for certain VDR genotypes compared with placebo.
Pregnant adolescents given calcium + vitamin D had less postpartum bone loss for certain VDR genotypes compared with placebo.
Twelve weeks of vitamin D, K and calcium co-supplementation improved left carotid thickness and several metabolic markers in overweight diabetics with CHD.
High-dose vitamin D3 raised total and free 25(OH)D more than D2 and free 25(OH)D changes correlated with iPTH change.
High-dose vitamin D3 raised total and free 25(OH)D more than D2 and free 25(OH)D changes correlated with iPTH change.
High-dose vitamin D3 raised total and free 25(OH)D more than D2 and free 25(OH)D changes correlated with iPTH change.
In CKD patients, paricalcitol improved endothelial function but raised phosphate and slightly increased calcium.
In dialysis patients, epicardial fat increased more with calcium-based phosphate binders than with sevelamer, and sevelamer reduced LDL cholesterol.
In 48-week randomized treatment completers, both calcium carbonate and sevelamer groups showed decreased serum fetuin-A; calcium carbonate produced a larger serum calcium increase and fetuin-A decreases correlated with calcium increase and changes in iPTH and albumin.
In 48-week randomized treatment completers, both calcium carbonate and sevelamer groups showed decreased serum fetuin-A; calcium carbonate produced a larger serum calcium increase and fetuin-A decreases correlated with calcium increase and changes in iPTH and albumin.
Cross-sectional study showing long-term environmental cadmium exposure alters urinary mineral balance, including increased urinary calcium.
Cross-sectional study showing long-term environmental cadmium exposure alters urinary mineral balance, including increased urinary calcium.
In 60 vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS, 8 weeks of vitamin D–K–calcium co-supplementation lowered free testosterone and DHEAS and improved antioxidant capacity versus placebo.
In 60 vitamin D-deficient women with PCOS, 8 weeks of vitamin D–K–calcium co-supplementation lowered free testosterone and DHEAS and improved antioxidant capacity versus placebo.
Randomized trial in patients with bone defects: porous hydroxyapatite/collagen implant produced superior radiographic bone regeneration versus porous β-TCP by 18–24 weeks, with more (non-serious) adverse events.
Protocol for a multicentre randomized trial comparing high- vs low-dose vitamin D in pregnant Middle Eastern women; primary outcomes are maternal 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L at delivery and infant bone mineral content at 1 month.
Protocol for a multicentre randomized trial comparing high- vs low-dose vitamin D in pregnant Middle Eastern women; primary outcomes are maternal 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L at delivery and infant bone mineral content at 1 month.
Randomized clinical trial in children: 3Mixtatin treatment of primary molars with resorption resulted in markedly better clinical and radiographic healing at 24 months vs MTA.
Randomized clinical trial in children: 3Mixtatin treatment of primary molars with resorption resulted in markedly better clinical and radiographic healing at 24 months vs MTA.
Double-blind placebo-controlled phase III trial: cinacalcet increased proportion achieving PTH ≤250 pg/mL and lowered serum calcium and phosphorus; mild hypocalcemia reported.
Double-blind placebo-controlled phase III trial: cinacalcet increased proportion achieving PTH ≤250 pg/mL and lowered serum calcium and phosphorus; mild hypocalcemia reported.
In malnourished older women after hip fracture, daily supplementation with CaHMB + vitamin D + protein sped wound healing, increased early mobility, and improved muscle strength versus standard nutrition.
In malnourished older women after hip fracture, daily supplementation with CaHMB + vitamin D + protein sped wound healing, increased early mobility, and improved muscle strength versus standard nutrition.
In malnourished older women after hip fracture, daily supplementation with CaHMB + vitamin D + protein sped wound healing, increased early mobility, and improved muscle strength versus standard nutrition.
Using a composite calcium-based graft in extraction sockets preserved horizontal ridge width better than natural healing, with similar bone area and less connective tissue at 4 months.
Using a composite calcium-based graft in extraction sockets preserved horizontal ridge width better than natural healing, with similar bone area and less connective tissue at 4 months.
Using a composite calcium-based graft in extraction sockets preserved horizontal ridge width better than natural healing, with similar bone area and less connective tissue at 4 months.
Adding rh-FGF-2 to a β-tricalcium phosphate scaffold improved periodontal regeneration versus β-TCP alone in adults.
Over 24 weeks, higher dairy intake (~1200 mg calcium/day) versus low dairy changed urinary metabolites linked to energy, protein and gut microbial metabolism in overweight women on calorie restriction.
Over 24 weeks, higher dairy intake (~1200 mg calcium/day) versus low dairy changed urinary metabolites linked to energy, protein and gut microbial metabolism in overweight women on calorie restriction.
Switching elderly hemodialysis patients to lower dialysate calcium (1.25 mmol/L) lowered serum calcium and Ca×P, raised iPTH, and improved vascular calcification indices over 12 months.
In ~997 PICC insertions, calcium alginate dressings with hemostatic gauze gave better puncture-site hemostasis and lower one-week maintenance cost than gauze or alginate alone.
In ~997 PICC insertions, calcium alginate dressings with hemostatic gauze gave better puncture-site hemostasis and lower one-week maintenance cost than gauze or alginate alone.
Apoaequorin supplement (regulates intracellular calcium) improved verbal learning and delayed recall versus placebo over 90 days.
Apoaequorin supplement (regulates intracellular calcium) improved verbal learning and delayed recall versus placebo over 90 days.
Chicory inulin (oligofructose-enriched) for 2 months raised serum calcium and improved glucose and some liver enzyme measures in female T2DM patients.
Chicory inulin (oligofructose-enriched) for 2 months raised serum calcium and improved glucose and some liver enzyme measures in female T2DM patients.
In hemodialysis patients, higher FGF-23 levels correlated with higher serum calcium and with greater coronary artery calcification but not with carotid atherosclerosis.
In hemodialysis patients, higher FGF-23 levels correlated with higher serum calcium and with greater coronary artery calcification but not with carotid atherosclerosis.
In hemodialysis patients, higher FGF-23 levels correlated with higher serum calcium and with greater coronary artery calcification but not with carotid atherosclerosis.
Fortified human milk produced similar overall growth to preterm formula, improved some bone‑metabolism markers and reduced sepsis and feeding intolerance in ELBW/VLBW infants.
Fortified human milk produced similar overall growth to preterm formula, improved some bone‑metabolism markers and reduced sepsis and feeding intolerance in ELBW/VLBW infants.
Fortified human milk produced similar overall growth to preterm formula, improved some bone‑metabolism markers and reduced sepsis and feeding intolerance in ELBW/VLBW infants.
Randomized AMI trial: intensive statin therapy increased dense calcium content in coronary plaques over 12 months.
Randomized patients receiving different graft materials after osteotomy; bone stability similar across groups, Calcibon group had lower QoL subscore at 2 years.
Randomized patients receiving different graft materials after osteotomy; bone stability similar across groups, Calcibon group had lower QoL subscore at 2 years.
Cinacalcet in healthy volunteers produced expected pharmacokinetic behavior and lowered plasma PTH and serum calcium after single and multiple doses.
Pre-operative assessment of bariatric surgery candidates found many did not meet dietary reference intakes; 48% had calcium intake below DRI.
Randomized double-blind trial in obese hypertensive adults: 3 months of Spirulina (2 g/day) decreased serum iron but did not markedly change serum calcium or magnesium.
Randomized double-blind trial in obese hypertensive adults: 3 months of Spirulina (2 g/day) decreased serum iron but did not markedly change serum calcium or magnesium.
Crossover pilot RCT in healthy women found that 500 mg/day elemental calcium (carbonate or phosphate) did not change stool frequency or stool form over study periods.
Calcium phosphate co-administered with a probiotic increased faecal Lactobacillus spp.; calcium carbonate alone had no effect and stool frequency did not change.
Crossover pilot RCT in healthy women found that 500 mg/day elemental calcium (carbonate or phosphate) did not change stool frequency or stool form over study periods.
In this small pilot secondary analysis, patients who reduced sodium intake ≥25% had larger decreases in dietary calcium intake but no adverse changes in overall nutritional status.
In this small pilot secondary analysis, patients who reduced sodium intake ≥25% had larger decreases in dietary calcium intake but no adverse changes in overall nutritional status.
In 23 healthy adults, CSPS-containing dentifrices showed no chemical anti-plaque benefit versus negative control; an active mouthrinse and SLS-containing dentifrices reduced plaque regrowth more than the experimental CSPS formulation.
In 23 healthy adults, CSPS-containing dentifrices showed no chemical anti-plaque benefit versus negative control; an active mouthrinse and SLS-containing dentifrices reduced plaque regrowth more than the experimental CSPS formulation.
Pharmacogenetic analysis in 1,131 treatment‑naïve African Americans found suggestive (but not Bonferroni‑significant) gene-by-treatment interactions affecting systolic and diastolic BP response to common antihypertensive drugs.
Pharmacogenetic analysis in 1,131 treatment‑naïve African Americans found suggestive (but not Bonferroni‑significant) gene-by-treatment interactions affecting systolic and diastolic BP response to common antihypertensive drugs.
In 62 healthy adults, high phosphorus (1000 mg/day) with differing calcium (0, 500, 1000 mg/day) altered mineral handling: fasting plasma phosphate unchanged, high P without Ca reduced renal calcium excretion and disturbed calcium balance, while calcium supplementation mitigated negative effects; transient FGF23 rise at 4 weeks and modest decreases in some bone turnover markers with Ca supplementation.
In 62 healthy adults, high phosphorus (1000 mg/day) with differing calcium (0, 500, 1000 mg/day) altered mineral handling: fasting plasma phosphate unchanged, high P without Ca reduced renal calcium excretion and disturbed calcium balance, while calcium supplementation mitigated negative effects; transient FGF23 rise at 4 weeks and modest decreases in some bone turnover markers with Ca supplementation.
Laser irradiation combined with calcium-containing pulp capping agents produced higher 6-month clinical success rates than the agents alone in vital tooth pulp capping.
Laser irradiation combined with calcium-containing pulp capping agents produced higher 6-month clinical success rates than the agents alone in vital tooth pulp capping.
Laser irradiation combined with calcium-containing pulp capping agents produced higher 6-month clinical success rates than the agents alone in vital tooth pulp capping.
High-flux hemodialysis (HFHD) reduced FGF-23 and inflammatory markers and increased 1,25-(OH)2VitD3 compared with low-flux dialysis in ESRD patients.
High-flux hemodialysis (HFHD) reduced FGF-23 and inflammatory markers and increased 1,25-(OH)2VitD3 compared with low-flux dialysis in ESRD patients.
PTH therapy let most patients reduce or stop oral calcium while keeping blood calcium normal.
PTH therapy let most patients reduce or stop oral calcium while keeping blood calcium normal.
An 8-week online program improved older adults' calcium intake, knowledge, and confidence about bone-health behaviors.
An 8-week online program improved older adults' calcium intake, knowledge, and confidence about bone-health behaviors.
Randomized trial found no major overall differences, but terminal-branch ligation was associated with higher immediate postoperative calcium and more patients discharged without supplements.
Randomized trial found no major overall differences, but terminal-branch ligation was associated with higher immediate postoperative calcium and more patients discharged without supplements.
Lowering dialysate calcium (to 1.25 mmol/L) slowed coronary calcification progression and improved low bone turnover in hemodialysis patients.
Lowering dialysate calcium (to 1.25 mmol/L) slowed coronary calcification progression and improved low bone turnover in hemodialysis patients.
Lowering dialysate calcium (to 1.25 mmol/L) slowed coronary calcification progression and improved low bone turnover in hemodialysis patients.
In high-risk patients who had colorectal adenomas removed, the aspirin-calcitriol-calcium regimen did not reduce adenoma recurrence over 3 years; older age increased recurrence risk.
In high-risk patients who had colorectal adenomas removed, the aspirin-calcitriol-calcium regimen did not reduce adenoma recurrence over 3 years; older age increased recurrence risk.
An in-office paste and at-home toothpaste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate prevented and reduced dentin/root sensitivity over 17 weeks compared to control.
An in-office paste and at-home toothpaste containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate prevented and reduced dentin/root sensitivity over 17 weeks compared to control.
In people with HIV, ART type and vitamin D status associate with bone mineral density; higher serum calcium was associated with lower lumbar spine BMD.
In women with anorexia nervosa, a 4-week protein‑fortified dairy product slightly raised IGF‑I and produced a small increase in serum calcium; no change in bone turnover markers.
In calcium stone formers, one week of tolvaptan increased urine volume, lowered urine osmolality and reduced urinary supersaturation of calcium-containing stones.
In calcium stone formers, one week of tolvaptan increased urine volume, lowered urine osmolality and reduced urinary supersaturation of calcium-containing stones.
Daily 500 mg elemental calcium showed a small overall trend toward lower blood pressure and a modest, statistically significant diastolic BP reduction in women with prior severe pre‑eclampsia.
Daily 500 mg elemental calcium showed a small overall trend toward lower blood pressure and a modest, statistically significant diastolic BP reduction in women with prior severe pre‑eclampsia.
12-month randomized trial in 30 kidney transplant recipients with hypercalcemia: subtotal parathyroidectomy normalized serum calcium in all patients and produced larger iPTH reductions and a significant increase in femoral neck BMD compared with cinacalcet.
Giving 2000 mg/day calcium plus vitamin D for 9 weeks increased blood ionized calcium but did not change iron status in military recruits.
Giving 2000 mg/day calcium plus vitamin D for 9 weeks increased blood ionized calcium but did not change iron status in military recruits.
Calcium hydroxylapatite filler improved hand appearance with all treated subjects showing ≥1-point MHGS improvement at 4 weeks.
Calcium hydroxylapatite filler improved hand appearance with all treated subjects showing ≥1-point MHGS improvement at 4 weeks.
Framed messages changed osteoporosis-prevention behaviors: gain-framed messages increased dietary calcium intake, while loss-framed messages increased calcium supplement use.
Framed messages changed osteoporosis-prevention behaviors: gain-framed messages increased dietary calcium intake, while loss-framed messages increased calcium supplement use.
78 patients were randomized and 58 completed 12 months; Algisyl (injectable calcium alginate hydrogel) plus standard therapy improved exercise capacity and symptoms at 12 months but was associated with higher mortality in the treated group.
Randomized comparison of three surgical approaches for secondary hyperparathyroidism in 63 patients with ESRD, with 6-month follow-up of calcium and PTH levels and complications.
Randomized comparison of three surgical approaches for secondary hyperparathyroidism in 63 patients with ESRD, with 6-month follow-up of calcium and PTH levels and complications.
Randomized comparison of three surgical approaches for secondary hyperparathyroidism in 63 patients with ESRD, with 6-month follow-up of calcium and PTH levels and complications.
Calcium phosphate co-administered with a probiotic increased faecal Lactobacillus spp.; calcium carbonate alone had no effect and stool frequency did not change.
Calcium phosphate co-administered with a probiotic increased faecal Lactobacillus spp.; calcium carbonate alone had no effect and stool frequency did not change.
A biphasic calcium phosphate/PLGA bone substitute improved periodontal pocket depth and CEJ position at 6 months compared with beta-TCP and was similar to deproteinised bovine bone.
A biphasic calcium phosphate/PLGA bone substitute improved periodontal pocket depth and CEJ position at 6 months compared with beta-TCP and was similar to deproteinised bovine bone.
A biphasic calcium phosphate/PLGA bone substitute improved periodontal pocket depth and CEJ position at 6 months compared with beta-TCP and was similar to deproteinised bovine bone.
Oral calcium carbonate produced modest changes in serum calcification propensity correlated with rises in serum calcium; some regulators (pyrophosphate, fetuin-A) showed correlations with serum calcium, but between-group differences were limited.
12-month double-blind RCT in postpartum lactating women randomized to low, mid or high calcium milk powder; no significant differences between groups in BMD changes at 12 months.
12-month double-blind RCT in postpartum lactating women randomized to low, mid or high calcium milk powder; no significant differences between groups in BMD changes at 12 months.
Pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia received vitamin D3 plus 1000 mg/day calcium for 12 weeks and showed improved glycaemic markers, HDL, and glutathione versus placebo.
Pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia received vitamin D3 plus 1000 mg/day calcium for 12 weeks and showed improved glycaemic markers, HDL, and glutathione versus placebo.
Large randomized placebo-controlled trial: daily calcium (1200 mg) ± vitamin D3 did not significantly reduce recurrence of colorectal adenomas over 3–5 years.
Large randomized placebo-controlled trial: daily calcium (1200 mg) ± vitamin D3 did not significantly reduce recurrence of colorectal adenomas over 3–5 years.
Analysis of TPTD-treated patients (with all participants receiving daily calcium 610 mg + vitamin D 400 IU) showing that phosphate handling is linked to lumbar BMD response to teriparatide.
Analysis of TPTD-treated patients (with all participants receiving daily calcium 610 mg + vitamin D 400 IU) showing that phosphate handling is linked to lumbar BMD response to teriparatide.
Population-based 10-year longitudinal study in non-diabetic adults assessing supplement intakes (including calcium) and changes in HbA1c; no significant association found for calcium supplementation and HbA1c change.
In postmenopausal women, 2-year milk powder supplementation with 900 mg Ca/day (plus vitamin D 800 IU) better prevented bone loss at the greater trochanter than 600 or 300 mg/day.
In postmenopausal women, 2-year milk powder supplementation with 900 mg Ca/day (plus vitamin D 800 IU) better prevented bone loss at the greater trochanter than 600 or 300 mg/day.
Calcium hydroxide mixed with either saline or 0.2% chlorhexidine gave similarly high favorable outcomes in root canal treatment.
Adding nicotinamide to calcium-based phosphate binders lowered serum phosphorus and improved lipid parameters in pediatric hemodialysis patients.
Acute calcium supplementation modestly attenuated the diurnal fall in blood pressure and increased some measures of blood coagulability.
A 3-year randomized trial of a combination including calcium carbonate showed no reduction in colorectal adenoma recurrence versus placebo.
Randomized open-label study comparing calcitriol, calcitriol+calcium carbonate, and calcium carbonate alone in GC-treated nephrotic syndrome patients; calcitriol groups showed less adverse change in bone markers and higher lumbar spine BMD at 24 weeks.
Randomized open-label study comparing calcitriol, calcitriol+calcium carbonate, and calcium carbonate alone in GC-treated nephrotic syndrome patients; calcitriol groups showed less adverse change in bone markers and higher lumbar spine BMD at 24 weeks.
Single-blind randomized crossover trial: a calcium phosphate-containing paste significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity versus placebo up to 6 months.
Single-blind randomized crossover trial: a calcium phosphate-containing paste significantly reduced dentin hypersensitivity versus placebo up to 6 months.
Double-blind RCT comparing bovine bone + membrane vs pure β-tricalcium phosphate (a calcium phosphate) + membrane for horizontal augmentation: no major differences, with a small (0.24 mm) less peri-implant radiographic bone loss favoring the β-TCP group.
Double-blind RCT comparing bovine bone + membrane vs pure β-tricalcium phosphate (a calcium phosphate) + membrane for horizontal augmentation: no major differences, with a small (0.24 mm) less peri-implant radiographic bone loss favoring the β-TCP group.
Multicenter randomized pilot trial: titanium implants with a calcium-incorporated surface showed similar implant/prosthesis survival, complications, and marginal bone level changes compared with control RBM surfaces at 3 years.
24-month randomized interventional study: pre-load vitamin D plus ongoing vitamin D, calcium, protein supplementation and exercise after bariatric surgery attenuated increases in bone turnover markers and reduced loss of aBMD and lean mass versus no intervention.
Children with cerebral palsy received rehabilitation with or without adjunctive vitamin D; the vitamin D group showed greater language and developmental improvements and increased vitamin D and calcium levels.
Children with cerebral palsy received rehabilitation with or without adjunctive vitamin D; the vitamin D group showed greater language and developmental improvements and increased vitamin D and calcium levels.
Children with cerebral palsy received rehabilitation with or without adjunctive vitamin D; the vitamin D group showed greater language and developmental improvements and increased vitamin D and calcium levels.
Randomized study of citrate concentration in plasma exchange (4% vs 15%); 15% protocol greatly reduced infused citrate volume while maintaining anticoagulation and stable ionized calcium.
Randomized study of citrate concentration in plasma exchange (4% vs 15%); 15% protocol greatly reduced infused citrate volume while maintaining anticoagulation and stable ionized calcium.
Randomized study of citrate concentration in plasma exchange (4% vs 15%); 15% protocol greatly reduced infused citrate volume while maintaining anticoagulation and stable ionized calcium.
Randomized trial in women with diminished ovarian reserve testing oocyte activation with a calcium ionophore; small numerical increases in fertilization and pregnancy rates were observed but were not statistically different between groups.
Randomized double-blind infant trial: formula with SN2-palmitate (closer to human milk fat structure) reduced stool dry weight, fat excretion, and calcium-soap excretion compared with control formula.
Randomized double-blind infant trial: formula with SN2-palmitate (closer to human milk fat structure) reduced stool dry weight, fat excretion, and calcium-soap excretion compared with control formula.
Randomized double-blind infant trial: formula with SN2-palmitate (closer to human milk fat structure) reduced stool dry weight, fat excretion, and calcium-soap excretion compared with control formula.
Randomized trial in 45 patients (180 implants) comparing sinus floor elevation with different graft materials or no graft, assessing implant stability, success, and endo-sinus bone volume over 2 years.
Randomized trial in 45 patients (180 implants) comparing sinus floor elevation with different graft materials or no graft, assessing implant stability, success, and endo-sinus bone volume over 2 years.
Randomized clinical trial in 40 patients testing nano-calcium phosphate paste (with fluoride and potassium nitrate) vs placebo for reducing tooth sensitivity during/after in-office bleaching.
Randomized clinical trial in 40 patients testing nano-calcium phosphate paste (with fluoride and potassium nitrate) vs placebo for reducing tooth sensitivity during/after in-office bleaching.
Randomized clinical trial in 40 patients testing nano-calcium phosphate paste (with fluoride and potassium nitrate) vs placebo for reducing tooth sensitivity during/after in-office bleaching.
Randomized, placebo-controlled vitamin D3 dosing study (placebo, 800, 2000, 4000 IU) in 71 subjects measuring free and total 25(OH)D, calcium absorption via dual isotopes, PTH, and bone turnover markers.
Randomized, placebo-controlled vitamin D3 dosing study (placebo, 800, 2000, 4000 IU) in 71 subjects measuring free and total 25(OH)D, calcium absorption via dual isotopes, PTH, and bone turnover markers.
Study of electrolyte and acid-base changes during hemodialysis in 26 patients randomly assigned to 1.25 mM or 1.5 mM calcium dialysate, focusing on calcium load, phosphorus, and alkalinization.
Study of electrolyte and acid-base changes during hemodialysis in 26 patients randomly assigned to 1.25 mM or 1.5 mM calcium dialysate, focusing on calcium load, phosphorus, and alkalinization.
Study of electrolyte and acid-base changes during hemodialysis in 26 patients randomly assigned to 1.25 mM or 1.5 mM calcium dialysate, focusing on calcium load, phosphorus, and alkalinization.
Cross-sectional study of urinary Mg/Cr, Ca/Cr, and P/Cr ratios in 1403 healthy Lebanese schoolchildren to establish reference values and 95th percentiles.
Cross-sectional study of urinary Mg/Cr, Ca/Cr, and P/Cr ratios in 1403 healthy Lebanese schoolchildren to establish reference values and 95th percentiles.
Cross-sectional study of urinary Mg/Cr, Ca/Cr, and P/Cr ratios in 1403 healthy Lebanese schoolchildren to establish reference values and 95th percentiles.
In 104 overweight, vitamin D–deficient women with PCOS, 8 weeks of calcium plus vitamin D improved several inflammation and oxidative-stress biomarkers compared with placebo.
In screen-detected type 2 diabetes, intensified multifactorial treatment lowered hs-CRP more than routine care over 6 years; adiponectin unchanged.
In colorectal adenoma patients, 1.0 or 2.0 g/day calcium for 4 months did not change circulating inflammation or oxidative stress biomarkers.
In colorectal adenoma patients, 1.0 or 2.0 g/day calcium for 4 months did not change circulating inflammation or oxidative stress biomarkers.
Tested a NovaMin (calcium sodium phosphosilicate) toothpaste vs regular fluoride toothpaste in orthodontic patients for 6 months; no benefit of NovaMin at 6 months.
Tested a NovaMin (calcium sodium phosphosilicate) toothpaste vs regular fluoride toothpaste in orthodontic patients for 6 months; no benefit of NovaMin at 6 months.
Tested a NovaMin (calcium sodium phosphosilicate) toothpaste vs regular fluoride toothpaste in orthodontic patients for 6 months; no benefit of NovaMin at 6 months.
Randomized comparison of acemannan vs calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping in primary molars (6-month outcomes): similar clinical/radiographic success but acemannan showed better histology.
Twelve-week randomized study: calcium- and vitamin D–fortified milk (higher calcium + vitamin D + FOS-inulin) reduced bone resorption markers and PTH more than regular milk, especially in postmenopausal women.
Twelve-week randomized study: calcium- and vitamin D–fortified milk (higher calcium + vitamin D + FOS-inulin) reduced bone resorption markers and PTH more than regular milk, especially in postmenopausal women.
Randomized double-blind trial in postmenopausal women: high-dose vitamin D raised 25(OH)D and slightly increased calcium absorption but produced no changes in BMD, muscle function, or falls.
Randomized double-blind trial in postmenopausal women: high-dose vitamin D raised 25(OH)D and slightly increased calcium absorption but produced no changes in BMD, muscle function, or falls.
Prospective randomized comparison of autogenous bone, autogenous+β-TCP, and β-TCP alone for sinus lift grafts assessing graft volume resorption at 6 months.
Children used daily CPP-ACP paste plus fluoride toothpaste for one year; tooth lesions improved over time but CPP-ACP provided no additional benefit over fluoride toothpaste alone.
Children used daily CPP-ACP paste plus fluoride toothpaste for one year; tooth lesions improved over time but CPP-ACP provided no additional benefit over fluoride toothpaste alone.
In 29 postmenopausal women, serum calcium tracer levels at 1, 3 and 5 hours were compared to gold-standard 24‑h urine dual‑isotope measurement; serum measures correlated but did not reliably replace the gold standard across cohorts.
In 29 postmenopausal women, serum calcium tracer levels at 1, 3 and 5 hours were compared to gold-standard 24‑h urine dual‑isotope measurement; serum measures correlated but did not reliably replace the gold standard across cohorts.
Daily vitamin D3 plus calcium reduced the amount of bone loss over 48 weeks after starting antiretroviral therapy compared with placebo.
Double‑blind placebo‑controlled trial in middle‑aged healthy adults: calcium fructoborate for 30 days reduced several lipids and inflammatory markers vs placebo.
After PKP surgery, patients given calcium plus calcitriol showed improved short-term pain and function and increased BMD versus preoperative; adding calcitonin and exercise improved longer-term outcomes.
Multicenter RCT of SCD+CRRT vs CRRT alone in AKI was terminated early due to a national shortage of injectable calcium that altered circuit ionized calcium; ITT showed no mortality benefit, but a post-hoc subset with circuit iCa maintained in target (<0.4 mmol/L) plus SCD had lower 60‑day mortality.
Multicenter RCT of SCD+CRRT vs CRRT alone in AKI was terminated early due to a national shortage of injectable calcium that altered circuit ionized calcium; ITT showed no mortality benefit, but a post-hoc subset with circuit iCa maintained in target (<0.4 mmol/L) plus SCD had lower 60‑day mortality.
Multicenter RCT of SCD+CRRT vs CRRT alone in AKI was terminated early due to a national shortage of injectable calcium that altered circuit ionized calcium; ITT showed no mortality benefit, but a post-hoc subset with circuit iCa maintained in target (<0.4 mmol/L) plus SCD had lower 60‑day mortality.
Using calcium alginate nasal packing after sinus surgery reduced swelling and adhesions versus carboxymethyl cellulose but did not change pain or discharge-related discomfort.
Using calcium alginate nasal packing after sinus surgery reduced swelling and adhesions versus carboxymethyl cellulose but did not change pain or discharge-related discomfort.
A single topical application of NovaMin (contains calcium phosphosilicate) reduced tooth sensitivity over 30 days, but ProArgin was more effective.
In Japanese osteoporosis patients receiving teriparatide (with daily calcium/vitamin D), PINP rose rapidly but corrected serum calcium stayed within normal range and calcium-related AEs were rare.
Adding a biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft to enamel matrix derivative did not improve periodontal healing versus enamel matrix alone over 3 years.
Some in‑office bioactive glass pastes prevented tooth sensitivity from strong in‑office bleaching, while an experimental bioactive glass dentifrice did not; effects of commercial calcium-containing dentifrices/pastes were not clearly reported.
Some in‑office bioactive glass pastes prevented tooth sensitivity from strong in‑office bleaching, while an experimental bioactive glass dentifrice did not; effects of commercial calcium-containing dentifrices/pastes were not clearly reported.
Some in‑office bioactive glass pastes prevented tooth sensitivity from strong in‑office bleaching, while an experimental bioactive glass dentifrice did not; effects of commercial calcium-containing dentifrices/pastes were not clearly reported.
Prospective study comparing children with SDB and enuresis vs SDB alone and before/after adenotonsillectomy; surgery normalized BNP/ADH and reduced urinary sodium and calcium excretion.
Prospective study comparing children with SDB and enuresis vs SDB alone and before/after adenotonsillectomy; surgery normalized BNP/ADH and reduced urinary sodium and calcium excretion.
Prospective study comparing children with SDB and enuresis vs SDB alone and before/after adenotonsillectomy; surgery normalized BNP/ADH and reduced urinary sodium and calcium excretion.
Randomized study in children with severe HSPN showing that adding low-molecular-weight heparin calcium to conventional therapy improved proteinuria and overall clinical outcomes over 8 weeks.
Randomized study in children with severe HSPN showing that adding low-molecular-weight heparin calcium to conventional therapy improved proteinuria and overall clinical outcomes over 8 weeks.
Randomized study in children with severe HSPN showing that adding low-molecular-weight heparin calcium to conventional therapy improved proteinuria and overall clinical outcomes over 8 weeks.
Randomized AMI trial: intensive statin therapy increased dense calcium content in coronary plaques over 12 months.
Randomized AMI trial: intensive statin therapy increased dense calcium content in coronary plaques over 12 months.
Randomized 12-month trial in postmenopausal women: exercise (MESE) improved BMD and balance; calcium+vitamin D produced small lumbar BMD gain but less effect than exercise.
Randomized 12-month trial in postmenopausal women: exercise (MESE) improved BMD and balance; calcium+vitamin D produced small lumbar BMD gain but less effect than exercise.
100 adults ≥50 y in a randomized cross-over trial: monthly vitamin D alone produced higher compliance than daily vitamin D+calcium, with similar changes in 25(OH)D.
In 104 overweight, vitamin D–deficient women with PCOS, 8 weeks of calcium plus vitamin D improved several inflammation and oxidative-stress biomarkers compared with placebo.
In 104 overweight, vitamin D–deficient women with PCOS, 8 weeks of calcium plus vitamin D improved several inflammation and oxidative-stress biomarkers compared with placebo.
Serum copper, iron, and calcium levels were lower during pulmonary exacerbation and rose by 3 months after recovery in adults with cystic fibrosis.
Serum copper, iron, and calcium levels were lower during pulmonary exacerbation and rose by 3 months after recovery in adults with cystic fibrosis.
Daily 1000 mg calcium + 400 IU vitamin D did not change menopause-related symptoms over ~5.7 years.
Daily 1000 mg calcium + 400 IU vitamin D did not change menopause-related symptoms over ~5.7 years.
Daily 1000 mg calcium + 400 IU vitamin D did not change menopause-related symptoms over ~5.7 years.
Phase 2 randomized double-blind trial in patients with diabetic neuropathic pain found ABT-639 did not reduce pain more than placebo over 6 weeks.
Phase 2 randomized double-blind trial in patients with diabetic neuropathic pain found ABT-639 did not reduce pain more than placebo over 6 weeks.
Subanalysis of a large trial showed olmesartan plus a calcium channel blocker reduced visit-to-visit SBP variability versus olmesartan plus diuretic in very elderly patients, linked to fewer cardiovascular events.
Subanalysis of a large trial showed olmesartan plus a calcium channel blocker reduced visit-to-visit SBP variability versus olmesartan plus diuretic in very elderly patients, linked to fewer cardiovascular events.
Randomized double-blind trial in children found three root-filling materials (including a calcium-hydroxide product) had similar clinical and radiographic success at 30 months.
Secondary analysis of a large RCT in hemodialysis patients showed cinacalcet markedly reduced FGF23; patients with ≥30% FGF23 reduction had lower rates of cardiovascular death and events.
Secondary analysis of a large RCT in hemodialysis patients showed cinacalcet markedly reduced FGF23; patients with ≥30% FGF23 reduction had lower rates of cardiovascular death and events.
In 60-day bed-rest, resistive exercise increased markers of bone formation but did not significantly prevent rises in sclerostin or DKK1 compared with control.
Large double-blind randomized trial in children found dentifrices containing arginine plus an insoluble calcium compound and fluoride reduced new caries increments by ~20% versus a fluoride-only control after two years.
Large double-blind randomized trial in children found dentifrices containing arginine plus an insoluble calcium compound and fluoride reduced new caries increments by ~20% versus a fluoride-only control after two years.
In pregnant adolescents with low calcium intake, calcium+vitamin D increased fetal weight at 36 weeks but did not change infant bone mass at 5 weeks postpartum.
In pregnant adolescents with low calcium intake, calcium+vitamin D increased fetal weight at 36 weeks but did not change infant bone mass at 5 weeks postpartum.
In pregnant adolescents with low calcium intake, calcium+vitamin D increased fetal weight at 36 weeks but did not change infant bone mass at 5 weeks postpartum.
In adults needing alveolar ridge augmentation, rhPDGF-BB in a β-TCP/HA carrier produced similar bone regeneration to autogenous bone block grafts.
In adults needing alveolar ridge augmentation, rhPDGF-BB in a β-TCP/HA carrier produced similar bone regeneration to autogenous bone block grafts.
In schoolchildren over 8 months, a sorghum-enriched diet improved several micronutrient markers and increased serum calcium in boys; growth effects varied by sex.
In schoolchildren over 8 months, a sorghum-enriched diet improved several micronutrient markers and increased serum calcium in boys; growth effects varied by sex.
In schoolchildren over 8 months, a sorghum-enriched diet improved several micronutrient markers and increased serum calcium in boys; growth effects varied by sex.
In human third molars with mechanical pulp exposure, calcium hydroxide produced thicker and larger reparative dentin bridges than a dentin bonding system over a 6-week period.
In human third molars with mechanical pulp exposure, calcium hydroxide produced thicker and larger reparative dentin bridges than a dentin bonding system over a 6-week period.
In human third molars with mechanical pulp exposure, calcium hydroxide produced thicker and larger reparative dentin bridges than a dentin bonding system over a 6-week period.
Adding Roux-en-Y gastric bypass to intensive medical/lifestyle care improved diabetes control markedly at 2 years but increased adverse events and nutritional deficiencies, including calcium and vitamin D deficiencies.
Adding Roux-en-Y gastric bypass to intensive medical/lifestyle care improved diabetes control markedly at 2 years but increased adverse events and nutritional deficiencies, including calcium and vitamin D deficiencies.
Adding Roux-en-Y gastric bypass to intensive medical/lifestyle care improved diabetes control markedly at 2 years but increased adverse events and nutritional deficiencies, including calcium and vitamin D deficiencies.
A high-calcium dairy breakfast before cycling kept blood ionized calcium steadier and reduced markers of bone resorption compared with a low-calcium meal.
A high-calcium dairy breakfast before cycling kept blood ionized calcium steadier and reduced markers of bone resorption compared with a low-calcium meal.
Monthly knee injections of sodium bicarbonate plus calcium gluconate improved pain and function; the higher calcium dose prevented joint-space narrowing over 12 months.
Monthly knee injections of sodium bicarbonate plus calcium gluconate improved pain and function; the higher calcium dose prevented joint-space narrowing over 12 months.
Monthly knee injections of sodium bicarbonate plus calcium gluconate improved pain and function; the higher calcium dose prevented joint-space narrowing over 12 months.
Randomized trial comparing two pulp capping materials in teeth; both materials showed similar 1-year success rates.
Randomized trial comparing two pulp capping materials in teeth; both materials showed similar 1-year success rates.
Small randomized comparison of single vs double flap surgical approaches with rhPDGF-BB + β-TCP grafts; similar clinical outcomes but less early pain with single flap.
Small randomized comparison of single vs double flap surgical approaches with rhPDGF-BB + β-TCP grafts; similar clinical outcomes but less early pain with single flap.
Small randomized comparison of single vs double flap surgical approaches with rhPDGF-BB + β-TCP grafts; similar clinical outcomes but less early pain with single flap.
Randomized double-blind trial in women >60: yogurt fortified with vitamin D3 (400 IU) and additional calcium increased 25OHD and decreased PTH and bone resorption markers over 12 weeks.
Postmenopausal osteopenic women taking a calcium-collagen chelate supplement had less whole-body bone loss and favorable bone turnover marker changes vs control over 12 months.
In hemodialysis patients, both cinacalcet and vitamin D analogs produced modest PTH reductions; cinacalcet caused more low calcium while vitamin D analogs caused more high calcium/phosphate.
In hemodialysis patients, both cinacalcet and vitamin D analogs produced modest PTH reductions; cinacalcet caused more low calcium while vitamin D analogs caused more high calcium/phosphate.
In hemodialysis patients, both cinacalcet and vitamin D analogs produced modest PTH reductions; cinacalcet caused more low calcium while vitamin D analogs caused more high calcium/phosphate.
An individualized high loading dose of cholecalciferol rapidly normalized vitamin D levels in nursing home patients without causing hypercalcemia.
An individualized high loading dose of cholecalciferol rapidly normalized vitamin D levels in nursing home patients without causing hypercalcemia.
In young children, topical CPP-ACP (tooth mousse) and fluoride varnish plus oral hygiene reduced white spot lesion area and prevented rise in dmft compared with control; CPP-ACP performed at least as well as fluoride varnish.
In young children, topical CPP-ACP (tooth mousse) and fluoride varnish plus oral hygiene reduced white spot lesion area and prevented rise in dmft compared with control; CPP-ACP performed at least as well as fluoride varnish.
One-year supplementation with vitamin D with or without 600 mg calcium did not change TC, LDL-C, HDL-C or LDL/HDL ratio; small increases in VLDL-C and triglycerides were observed.
One-year supplementation with vitamin D with or without 600 mg calcium did not change TC, LDL-C, HDL-C or LDL/HDL ratio; small increases in VLDL-C and triglycerides were observed.
One-year supplementation with vitamin D with or without 600 mg calcium did not change TC, LDL-C, HDL-C or LDL/HDL ratio; small increases in VLDL-C and triglycerides were observed.
Moldable self‑hardening calcium phosphate grafts (with/without aPRF) used in subperiosteal tunnel augmentations increased implant insertion torque and produced adequate buccal bone gain with minimal complications.
Moldable self‑hardening calcium phosphate grafts (with/without aPRF) used in subperiosteal tunnel augmentations increased implant insertion torque and produced adequate buccal bone gain with minimal complications.
Moldable self‑hardening calcium phosphate grafts (with/without aPRF) used in subperiosteal tunnel augmentations increased implant insertion torque and produced adequate buccal bone gain with minimal complications.
Split-mouth randomized trial in children comparing sealants (including an ACP-containing resin): retention and caries rates were similar across sealants, with a significant difference detected only for marginal discoloration.
Split-mouth randomized trial in children comparing sealants (including an ACP-containing resin): retention and caries rates were similar across sealants, with a significant difference detected only for marginal discoloration.
Split-mouth randomized trial in children comparing sealants (including an ACP-containing resin): retention and caries rates were similar across sealants, with a significant difference detected only for marginal discoloration.
Randomized double-blind trial: IV calcium chloride raised ionized calcium but did not prevent oxytocin-associated blood pressure drop and had no effect on uterine tone, vasopressor use, or blood loss at the doses tested.
Randomized double-blind trial: IV calcium chloride raised ionized calcium but did not prevent oxytocin-associated blood pressure drop and had no effect on uterine tone, vasopressor use, or blood loss at the doses tested.
Double-blind randomized study in patients with dentin hypersensitivity: an in-office/home-use system containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate produced greater short-term reduction in sensitivity than control.
Double-blind randomized study in patients with dentin hypersensitivity: an in-office/home-use system containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate produced greater short-term reduction in sensitivity than control.
Double-blind randomized study in patients with dentin hypersensitivity: an in-office/home-use system containing 8% arginine and calcium carbonate produced greater short-term reduction in sensitivity than control.
Randomized placebo-controlled trial (secondary analysis) of 500 mg/day calcium supplementation in postmenopausal women: calcium increased 24-hour urine calcium concentration, and higher urine volume mitigated increased stone-risk.
Randomized placebo-controlled trial (secondary analysis) of 500 mg/day calcium supplementation in postmenopausal women: calcium increased 24-hour urine calcium concentration, and higher urine volume mitigated increased stone-risk.
Randomized placebo-controlled trial (secondary analysis) of 500 mg/day calcium supplementation in postmenopausal women: calcium increased 24-hour urine calcium concentration, and higher urine volume mitigated increased stone-risk.
Chewing gum containing CPP-ACP (a calcium-containing preparation) before in-office tooth whitening did not reduce whitening-associated tooth sensitivity.
Chewing gum containing CPP-ACP (a calcium-containing preparation) before in-office tooth whitening did not reduce whitening-associated tooth sensitivity.
In a double-blind RCT of 208 older adults, daily whey protein for 18 months increased lean mass but did not change lumbar spine bone mineral density.
In a double-blind RCT of 208 older adults, daily whey protein for 18 months increased lean mass but did not change lumbar spine bone mineral density.
Ossein-hydroxyapatite complex (OHC) reduced back and knee pain and improved physical quality of life more than calcium carbonate over 6 months.
Ossein-hydroxyapatite complex (OHC) reduced back and knee pain and improved physical quality of life more than calcium carbonate over 6 months.
Ossein-hydroxyapatite complex (OHC) reduced back and knee pain and improved physical quality of life more than calcium carbonate over 6 months.
A desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine-calcium carbonate reduced tooth sensitivity pain substantially; combining with low-level laser did not add benefit.
A desensitizing paste containing 8% arginine-calcium carbonate reduced tooth sensitivity pain substantially; combining with low-level laser did not add benefit.
Pastes containing CPP-ACP or CPP-ACFP increased plaque pH and enhanced enamel remineralisation compared with NaF in patients with Sjögren's syndrome over 28 days.
Pastes containing CPP-ACP or CPP-ACFP increased plaque pH and enhanced enamel remineralisation compared with NaF in patients with Sjögren's syndrome over 28 days.
Randomized study comparing IV glutamine versus calcium/magnesium infusions during platinum chemotherapy; neither prevented neuropathy, but glutamine reduced severity in symptomatic patients.
Randomized study comparing IV glutamine versus calcium/magnesium infusions during platinum chemotherapy; neither prevented neuropathy, but glutamine reduced severity in symptomatic patients.
Randomized study comparing IV glutamine versus calcium/magnesium infusions during platinum chemotherapy; neither prevented neuropathy, but glutamine reduced severity in symptomatic patients.
Randomized trial in children with calcium-deficiency rickets comparing limestone versus ground fish as calcium sources; both treatments healed rickets in most children with no difference between sources.
Randomized trial in children with calcium-deficiency rickets comparing limestone versus ground fish as calcium sources; both treatments healed rickets in most children with no difference between sources.
Randomized trial in children with calcium-deficiency rickets comparing limestone versus ground fish as calcium sources; both treatments healed rickets in most children with no difference between sources.
Double-blind RCT in women with gestational diabetes showing that calcium plus high-dose vitamin D for 6 weeks reduced C-section rate, maternal hospitalization, and several adverse newborn outcomes.
Double-blind RCT in women with gestational diabetes showing that calcium plus high-dose vitamin D for 6 weeks reduced C-section rate, maternal hospitalization, and several adverse newborn outcomes.
Double-blind RCT in women with gestational diabetes showing that calcium plus high-dose vitamin D for 6 weeks reduced C-section rate, maternal hospitalization, and several adverse newborn outcomes.
Using carbon nanoparticles in endoscopic thyroid surgery reduced accidental removal of parathyroids and sped recovery of parathyroid hormone; serum calcium was slightly higher but not significantly different.
In this pilot RCT, synbiotic supplementation in lactating mothers prevented declines in breast milk minerals including calcium and was associated with slight improvements in infant weight-for-age Z-score.
In this pilot RCT, synbiotic supplementation in lactating mothers prevented declines in breast milk minerals including calcium and was associated with slight improvements in infant weight-for-age Z-score.
In vitamin D–insufficient adults with type 2 diabetes, 8 weeks of calcium plus vitamin D reduced BMI, hip circumference, and systolic blood pressure versus placebo.
A community feeding intervention increased mothers' knowledge and improved children's intakes of calcium, iron, niacin, and zinc, though calcium intake/density remained below desired levels.
A community feeding intervention increased mothers' knowledge and improved children's intakes of calcium, iron, niacin, and zinc, though calcium intake/density remained below desired levels.
A community feeding intervention increased mothers' knowledge and improved children's intakes of calcium, iron, niacin, and zinc, though calcium intake/density remained below desired levels.
Randomized trial in patients needing indirect pulp capping showed similar 12-month clinical success for calcium-silicate cement and glass ionomer, though CBCT revealed more healed lesions with the calcium-silicate material.
Randomized trial in patients needing indirect pulp capping showed similar 12-month clinical success for calcium-silicate cement and glass ionomer, though CBCT revealed more healed lesions with the calcium-silicate material.
Prespecified subanalysis of 473 ED patients found coronary artery calcium scoring did not add diagnostic value beyond coronary CT angiography for acute coronary syndrome.
Prespecified subanalysis of 473 ED patients found coronary artery calcium scoring did not add diagnostic value beyond coronary CT angiography for acute coronary syndrome.
Prespecified subanalysis of 473 ED patients found coronary artery calcium scoring did not add diagnostic value beyond coronary CT angiography for acute coronary syndrome.
Randomized study comparing sevelamer to calcium carbonate in T2DM with DKD found sevelamer reduced circulating and intracellular AGEs and increased antioxidant markers; calcium carbonate did not lower AGEs overall.
Randomized study comparing sevelamer to calcium carbonate in T2DM with DKD found sevelamer reduced circulating and intracellular AGEs and increased antioxidant markers; calcium carbonate did not lower AGEs overall.
Daily calcium (1,000 mg) plus vitamin D (400 IU) for ~7 years did not change overall venous clot risk but reduced idiopathic clots.
Daily calcium (1,000 mg) plus vitamin D (400 IU) for ~7 years did not change overall venous clot risk but reduced idiopathic clots.
In PHPT patients unable to undergo surgery, cinacalcet markedly lowered serum calcium and PTH and normalized calcium in most treated subjects.
In PHPT patients unable to undergo surgery, cinacalcet markedly lowered serum calcium and PTH and normalized calcium in most treated subjects.
In this Macau population survey, taking calcium supplements was modestly associated with slightly higher vitamin D levels and slightly lower PTH.
Over 5 years, parathyroidectomy for mild PHPT normalized calcium/PTH and increased bone mineral density compared with observation.
Over 5 years, parathyroidectomy for mild PHPT normalized calcium/PTH and increased bone mineral density compared with observation.
In severe asthma, the calcium‑channel blocker gallopamil reduced bronchial smooth muscle thickness and was associated with fewer exacerbations during follow‑up.
In severe asthma, the calcium‑channel blocker gallopamil reduced bronchial smooth muscle thickness and was associated with fewer exacerbations during follow‑up.
In severe asthma, the calcium‑channel blocker gallopamil reduced bronchial smooth muscle thickness and was associated with fewer exacerbations during follow‑up.
High-calcium milk powder (450 mg elemental Ca twice daily plus vitamin D) reduced lumbar spine bone loss in postmenopausal women over 24 months and reduced height loss.
High-calcium milk powder (450 mg elemental Ca twice daily plus vitamin D) reduced lumbar spine bone loss in postmenopausal women over 24 months and reduced height loss.
Compared two thyroid surgery techniques; LSJ shortened operation time and reduced intraoperative blood loss; postoperative calcium and parathyroid hormone changes were similar between groups.
Compared two thyroid surgery techniques; LSJ shortened operation time and reduced intraoperative blood loss; postoperative calcium and parathyroid hormone changes were similar between groups.
Older adults received daily low-magnitude vibration or placebo while all received calcium (1000 mg) and vitamin D; no clear benefit on hip or spine volumetric bone density or bone turnover markers.
Older adults received daily low-magnitude vibration or placebo while all received calcium (1000 mg) and vitamin D; no clear benefit on hip or spine volumetric bone density or bone turnover markers.
Older adults received daily low-magnitude vibration or placebo while all received calcium (1000 mg) and vitamin D; no clear benefit on hip or spine volumetric bone density or bone turnover markers.
Children with white spot tooth lesions used CPP-ACP cream or fluoride toothpaste for 3 months; CPP-ACP showed only slight remineralization and both groups had reduced S. mutans counts.
Children with white spot tooth lesions used CPP-ACP cream or fluoride toothpaste for 3 months; CPP-ACP showed only slight remineralization and both groups had reduced S. mutans counts.
In a case-cohort within REGARDS, higher FGF23 (linked to higher calcium/phosphorus) was not associated with all-cause stroke but was associated with higher risk of cardioembolic stroke.
In a case-cohort within REGARDS, higher FGF23 (linked to higher calcium/phosphorus) was not associated with all-cause stroke but was associated with higher risk of cardioembolic stroke.
In a case-cohort within REGARDS, higher FGF23 (linked to higher calcium/phosphorus) was not associated with all-cause stroke but was associated with higher risk of cardioembolic stroke.
In women at high risk for OHSS undergoing IVF/ICSI, intravenous calcium gluconate given around egg retrieval markedly reduced incidence and severity of OHSS without lowering pregnancy rates.
In women at high risk for OHSS undergoing IVF/ICSI, intravenous calcium gluconate given around egg retrieval markedly reduced incidence and severity of OHSS without lowering pregnancy rates.
In women at high risk for OHSS undergoing IVF/ICSI, intravenous calcium gluconate given around egg retrieval markedly reduced incidence and severity of OHSS without lowering pregnancy rates.
Randomized trial of vitamin D plus calcium versus vitamins E/C in men with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia found improved progressive motile sperm count and higher pregnancy rate in the vitamin D + calcium group.
Randomized trial of vitamin D plus calcium versus vitamins E/C in men with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia found improved progressive motile sperm count and higher pregnancy rate in the vitamin D + calcium group.
Randomized trial of vitamin D plus calcium versus vitamins E/C in men with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia found improved progressive motile sperm count and higher pregnancy rate in the vitamin D + calcium group.
Randomized double-blind crossover in 125 healthy adults testing chymosin added to milk; evaluated effects on calcium absorption proxies and calciotropic hormones.
Randomized double-blind crossover in 125 healthy adults testing chymosin added to milk; evaluated effects on calcium absorption proxies and calciotropic hormones.
Randomized double-blind crossover in 125 healthy adults testing chymosin added to milk; evaluated effects on calcium absorption proxies and calciotropic hormones.
Large double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (completed follow-up N=563) showing daily 1,200 mg calcium carbonate during pregnancy reduced markers of bone resorption and had dose-dependent effects.
Large double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (completed follow-up N=563) showing daily 1,200 mg calcium carbonate during pregnancy reduced markers of bone resorption and had dose-dependent effects.
Large double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (completed follow-up N=563) showing daily 1,200 mg calcium carbonate during pregnancy reduced markers of bone resorption and had dose-dependent effects.
Large double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (completed follow-up N=563) showing daily 1,200 mg calcium carbonate during pregnancy reduced markers of bone resorption and had dose-dependent effects.
Large prospective cohort of male smokers: higher coronary artery calcium scores strongly predicted future cardiovascular events.
Large prospective cohort of male smokers: higher coronary artery calcium scores strongly predicted future cardiovascular events.
Large prospective cohort of male smokers: higher coronary artery calcium scores strongly predicted future cardiovascular events.
In CKD patients after parathyroidectomy, a loading calcitriol regimen reduced the early postoperative drop in serum calcium more than a titrated regimen; other clinical outcomes similar.
In CKD patients after parathyroidectomy, a loading calcitriol regimen reduced the early postoperative drop in serum calcium more than a titrated regimen; other clinical outcomes similar.
In CKD patients after parathyroidectomy, a loading calcitriol regimen reduced the early postoperative drop in serum calcium more than a titrated regimen; other clinical outcomes similar.
8-week randomized double-blind dietary study: EPG altered some fat‑soluble vitamins but did not change serum calcium or other measured minerals.
In postmenopausal women (all given calcium 1000 mg and vitamin D3 800 IU), strontium ranelate plus alfacalcidol improved BMD, functional tests, and bone markers more than strontium alone or calcium/vitamin D alone.
In postmenopausal women (all given calcium 1000 mg and vitamin D3 800 IU), strontium ranelate plus alfacalcidol improved BMD, functional tests, and bone markers more than strontium alone or calcium/vitamin D alone.
In children with non-vital immature incisors, MTA achieved higher rates of apical barrier formation at 12 months than calcium hydroxide.
In children with non-vital immature incisors, MTA achieved higher rates of apical barrier formation at 12 months than calcium hydroxide.
Double‑blind placebo‑controlled trial in middle‑aged healthy adults: calcium fructoborate for 30 days reduced several lipids and inflammatory markers vs placebo.
Sixty subjects had extraction sockets grafted with NanoGen (nanocrystalline calcium sulfate) or DentoGen; both yielded similar bone formation at 4 months, with minor differences in graft remnants and soft tissue.
Sixty subjects had extraction sockets grafted with NanoGen (nanocrystalline calcium sulfate) or DentoGen; both yielded similar bone formation at 4 months, with minor differences in graft remnants and soft tissue.
Sixty subjects had extraction sockets grafted with NanoGen (nanocrystalline calcium sulfate) or DentoGen; both yielded similar bone formation at 4 months, with minor differences in graft remnants and soft tissue.
In a randomized crossover PK study, co-administration of calcium carbonate 1,200 mg (fasted) reduced dolutegravir exposure (~37–39%); taking dolutegravir with a meal or separating doses by 2 hours prevented the reduction.
In a randomized crossover PK study, co-administration of calcium carbonate 1,200 mg (fasted) reduced dolutegravir exposure (~37–39%); taking dolutegravir with a meal or separating doses by 2 hours prevented the reduction.
In a randomized crossover PK study, co-administration of calcium carbonate 1,200 mg (fasted) reduced dolutegravir exposure (~37–39%); taking dolutegravir with a meal or separating doses by 2 hours prevented the reduction.
In liver surgery patients, Plasmalyte-148 led to lower ionized calcium, lower clotting times, less blood loss and fewer postoperative hemoglobin drops compared with Hartmann's solution.
In liver surgery patients, Plasmalyte-148 led to lower ionized calcium, lower clotting times, less blood loss and fewer postoperative hemoglobin drops compared with Hartmann's solution.
Randomized trial of calcium (1000 mg/day) plus vitamin D3 showed no reduction in heart failure overall but a 37% lower HF risk in women without major HF precursors.
Randomized trial of calcium (1000 mg/day) plus vitamin D3 showed no reduction in heart failure overall but a 37% lower HF risk in women without major HF precursors.
Randomized trial of calcium (1000 mg/day) plus vitamin D3 showed no reduction in heart failure overall but a 37% lower HF risk in women without major HF precursors.
Very low birth weight preterm infants fed human milk fortified with either standard human milk fortifier or post-discharge formula showed similar growth and blood biochemical markers over the study period.
Very low birth weight preterm infants fed human milk fortified with either standard human milk fortifier or post-discharge formula showed similar growth and blood biochemical markers over the study period.
Very low birth weight preterm infants fed human milk fortified with either standard human milk fortifier or post-discharge formula showed similar growth and blood biochemical markers over the study period.
In term infants, formula with high sn-2 palmitate plus oligofructose reduced stool palmitate soaps and stool calcium and produced softer stools versus control formula; all formulas were well tolerated.
In term infants, formula with high sn-2 palmitate plus oligofructose reduced stool palmitate soaps and stool calcium and produced softer stools versus control formula; all formulas were well tolerated.
In term infants, formula with high sn-2 palmitate plus oligofructose reduced stool palmitate soaps and stool calcium and produced softer stools versus control formula; all formulas were well tolerated.
PEEK cages filled with calcium sulphate/DBM performed similarly to autograft for cervical fusion, with less blood loss and fewer donor-site complications.
PEEK cages filled with calcium sulphate/DBM performed similarly to autograft for cervical fusion, with less blood loss and fewer donor-site complications.
Enteric-coated microencapsulated calcium showed markedly lower fractional calcium absorption than non-coated calcium in pregnant women; higher elemental doses provided little additional absorbable calcium.
Enteric-coated microencapsulated calcium showed markedly lower fractional calcium absorption than non-coated calcium in pregnant women; higher elemental doses provided little additional absorbable calcium.
In 255 hemodialysis patients with SHPT, both paricalcitol and maxacalcitol reduced iPTH and had similar safety; paricalcitol failed to demonstrate non-inferiority to maxacalcitol for the primary endpoint.
In 255 hemodialysis patients with SHPT, both paricalcitol and maxacalcitol reduced iPTH and had similar safety; paricalcitol failed to demonstrate non-inferiority to maxacalcitol for the primary endpoint.
In 60 postmenopausal women with CKD stage 5, raloxifene increased lumbar spine BMD (~+2%) but did not differ from placebo in reducing intact PTH.
In 141 patients, an echocardiographic calcium score (eCS) moderately-to-strongly correlated with CT non-coronary cardiac calcium and with coronary artery calcium and helped predict severe coronary calcification.
In 141 patients, an echocardiographic calcium score (eCS) moderately-to-strongly correlated with CT non-coronary cardiac calcium and with coronary artery calcium and helped predict severe coronary calcification.
In 141 patients, an echocardiographic calcium score (eCS) moderately-to-strongly correlated with CT non-coronary cardiac calcium and with coronary artery calcium and helped predict severe coronary calcification.
In schoolchildren, added calcium (100–200 mg/meal) reduced iron absorption by ~18–27%, while ascorbic acid (vitamin C) increased absorption 2–4-fold and overcame the calcium inhibition.
In schoolchildren, added calcium (100–200 mg/meal) reduced iron absorption by ~18–27%, while ascorbic acid (vitamin C) increased absorption 2–4-fold and overcame the calcium inhibition.
Daily calcium supplements (1200 mg) caused a very small rise in blood creatinine and a small increase in blood total calcium after one year; effects were larger in people with reduced baseline kidney function.
Daily calcium supplements (1200 mg) caused a very small rise in blood creatinine and a small increase in blood total calcium after one year; effects were larger in people with reduced baseline kidney function.
Daily calcium supplements (1200 mg) caused a very small rise in blood creatinine and a small increase in blood total calcium after one year; effects were larger in people with reduced baseline kidney function.
Concomitant calcium carbonate (600 mg Ca2+) mildly reduced nemonoxacin absorption (exposure and peak concentration) compared with nemonoxacin alone in healthy men.
Concomitant calcium carbonate (600 mg Ca2+) mildly reduced nemonoxacin absorption (exposure and peak concentration) compared with nemonoxacin alone in healthy men.
Postmenopausal osteopenic women taking a calcium-collagen chelate supplement had less whole-body bone loss and favorable bone turnover marker changes vs control over 12 months.
Postmenopausal osteopenic women taking a calcium-collagen chelate supplement had less whole-body bone loss and favorable bone turnover marker changes vs control over 12 months.
Postmenopausal osteopenic women taking a calcium-collagen chelate supplement had less whole-body bone loss and favorable bone turnover marker changes vs control over 12 months.
8-week randomized trial in vitamin D–deficient overweight/obese women with PCOS tested calcium, vitamin D, both, or placebo; co-supplementation improved some insulin and triglyceride measures.
6-month randomized placebo-controlled trial of combined calcium+vitamin D in vitamin D–deficient adults at risk for type 2 diabetes found no overall improvement in insulin secretion/sensitivity, though a prediabetes subgroup showed improved insulin sensitivity.
6-month randomized placebo-controlled trial of combined calcium+vitamin D in vitamin D–deficient adults at risk for type 2 diabetes found no overall improvement in insulin secretion/sensitivity, though a prediabetes subgroup showed improved insulin sensitivity.
Randomized trial in postmenopausal women comparing calcium formulations vs placebo showed acute rises in serum calcium after conventional calcium salts, smaller ionized Ca rise after microcrystalline hydroxyapatite (MCH), and comparable suppression of bone resorption at 8 h and after 3 months.
Randomized trial in postmenopausal women comparing calcium formulations vs placebo showed acute rises in serum calcium after conventional calcium salts, smaller ionized Ca rise after microcrystalline hydroxyapatite (MCH), and comparable suppression of bone resorption at 8 h and after 3 months.
Randomized trial in postmenopausal women comparing calcium formulations vs placebo showed acute rises in serum calcium after conventional calcium salts, smaller ionized Ca rise after microcrystalline hydroxyapatite (MCH), and comparable suppression of bone resorption at 8 h and after 3 months.
In irradiated nasopharyngeal cancer patients, adding CPP-ACP crème to stannous fluoride produced fewer new caries lesions over 3 months, but the difference was not statistically significant.
In irradiated nasopharyngeal cancer patients, adding CPP-ACP crème to stannous fluoride produced fewer new caries lesions over 3 months, but the difference was not statistically significant.
In irradiated nasopharyngeal cancer patients, adding CPP-ACP crème to stannous fluoride produced fewer new caries lesions over 3 months, but the difference was not statistically significant.